Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julia Ziyatdinova, Kazan National Research Technological University; Artem Bezrukov; Petr Osipov; Phillip Albert Sanger, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Vasiliy Grigoryevich Ivanov, Kazan National Research Technological University

Tagged Divisions

International

in Management (1998) and Psychology (1999) in Kazan State Technological University. Julia joined the team of Kazan State Technological University as an instructor at the Department of For- eign Languages and the School of Foreign Languages ”Lingua” in 1999 and was rapidly promoted to the position of Associate Professor at the Department of Foreign Languages in 2003. Her teaching career was perfectly balanced by the experience of a translator and an interpreter. She is a well-known person at Kazan international conferences and other events for her high quality consecutive and simultaneous interpreting, such as interpreting for the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan. The new

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Holt Zaugg, Brigham Young University; Spencer P. Magleby, Brigham Young University; Timothy L Elliott, Brigham Young University; Alan R Parkinson, Brigham Young University; Gregg Morris Warnick, Brigham Young University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

, it is no surprise that this stress onevaluating the effectiveness of educational programs has spilled over to international programs.A short discussion of this trend can be found in the essay by Darla Deardorff in The Practice andResearch in Study Abroad [8] or in the discussion of study abroad outcomes in Study Abroad in aNew Global Century [9]. Both of these summaries make clear that researchers have approachedthe assessment of international programs from a number of angles. These include looking at theimpact participating on an international program can have on career selection, time to graduation, Page 26.372.2or on career earning

Conference Session

Engineering Education in the Arab World / Mid-East Region

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suzanne Scott, The Petroleum Institute; Jamal Ahmad, The Petroleum Institute

Tagged Divisions

International

generationsserve to motivate students in problem solving? Would caring and concern be engendered? Howwould an environmental theme support skills in graphics, professional interaction, andeconomics analysis?Preparing our Students for Global CareersDowney 4et al., have identified the need to prepare our students for global careers. We felt thatthe environmental emphasis would give us an opportunity to introduce the topics of globalstewardship, environmental ethics, engineering codes and the environment, the possibilities ofworking on international teams, intercultural communication and international problem-solving.Russel C. Jones and Bethany S. Oberst have identified the need for reform in engineeringeducation in the Arab world and all parts of the world

Conference Session

International Exchange/Joint Programs in Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard McGinnis, Bucknell University; Jeffrey Evans, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

International

for civil engineering students.It is established that study abroad can help prepared engineering students to meet the changingdemands of the profession and prepare them better for a career in the global economy.4,5 To thatend, at a fundamental level the activities of the program were designed to stimulate the students’awareness and thinking about the many non-engineering issues that both affect and are affectedby engineering decisions. Historically, engineering education has focused on the technicalaspects of engineering (stress, strain, etc.) and, many would argue, virtually ignored the role ofengineering in society. While technical aspects of engineering will and should remain at the coreof an engineering education, it is widely recognized

Conference Session

Global Engineering Models: Curriculum Development, Improvements, and Partnerships

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teri Kristine Reed, Purdue University, West Lafayette; P.K. Imbrie, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Qu Jin, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Joe J.J. Lin, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

International

, Kember and Leung13 Academic Self-efficacy* Bandura14, Pajares15 Leadership* Hayden and Holloway16 Team vs. Individual Orientation* McMaster17 Expectancy-Value Wigfield and Eccles18 + Major Indecision Osipow19 * Developed internally based upon the cited reference(s). + Originally developed and presented as a Career Indecision scale by the Osipow19 and modified to be an Engineering Major Indecision scale.Figure 3 provides an example of prior research wherein modeling was used to identify importantfactors for predicting “success” of male and female, where success was operationalized as “1year retention,” “8 semester graduation

Conference Session

Engineering Education in Africa and the Middle East

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Olaleye, University of Lagos, Nigeria; Emmanuel Abiodun, University of Lagos, Nigeria; Joseph Olusina, University of Lagos, Nigeria; Francis Derby, Pennsylvania State University-Lehman

Tagged Divisions

International

maps and determine positions with relative ease. The professionalsurveyor, whose career has been the production of maps at varying scales and accuracies, nowfaces real challenges in keeping abreast with the technological advances. Surveyors in Nigeriaare burdened by: ≠ new and changing user demand for products in varying formats, ≠ inadequate knowledge to explore or venture into new and emerging areas of opportunities, ≠ diminishing career opportunities.Although new and emerging technological innovations are creating new opportunities forsurveyors many feel unprepared to explore or to venture into these new technologies.To reverse the trend, a committee from the Department of Surveying & Geoinformatics at theUniversity

Conference Session

Collaborations, Accreditation and Articulation Issues for International Engineering Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Salahuddin Qazi, State University of New York, Institute of Technology; Yasin Akhtar Raja, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Center for Optoelectronics & Optical Communications; Syed Muhammad Hassan Zaidi, NUST School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science

Tagged Divisions

International

distinguished career in IT education, and has made significant contributions to the field of IT. He acquired his PhD degree in Computer simulation of high speed communication networks from University Of South Florida, USA. He has over 20 years of experience in teaching/ research and development in IT related fields and has published over 100 research papers in prestigious international Journals/conferences. Some of his notable research works include: Design of Opto Electronic Interconnect System for next genera- tion super computers, a project funded by Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) USA; Sensitivity enhancement of long-haul optical fiber communication systems funded by Graduate School University of South

Conference Session

Curriculum and Program Developments, Exchanges, Collaborations, and Partnerships

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Duane L. Abata, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Arvid Andersen; Wayne B. Krause, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

Tagged Divisions

International

Paper ID #5708Transatlantic Interaction with European Project SemesterDr. Duane L. Abata, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Dr. Abata has worked in academia for over thirty years at universities and with the Federal government around the country. He began his career at the University of Wisconsin, served as Associate Dean and Dean at Michigan Technological University and then at the National Science Foundation in Washington, D.C. as program manager in the Engineering Directorate. From 2003 to 2004, Dr. Abata was President of the American Society for Engineering Education. Following his appointment at NSF he

Conference Session

Engineering Education in the Mid-East / Asia

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rajeswari Sundararajan, College of Technology - Purdue University; Daniel Dangelo, Intel; kishore N.K., IIT Karagpur; Haritha Mogilisetti, Intel; Sundhasarath Somasundaram, Valliammai College of Engineering; umadevi S., highways; Robert Nowlin, retired

Tagged Divisions

International

importance. Page 13.478.12Another interesting technical professional shift is the relocation of for some American collegegraduates to India for career opportunities after years of the opposite trend. A New York Timesarticle titled “In a Twist, Americans Appear in Ranks of Indian Firms”3 investigated this trend.Infosys is recruiting talent from abroad along with other Indian companies. Companies move apercentage of employees to India for training and return them to America for their permanentposition. This is more information to help explain India’s economic boom and need forproducing quality engineers.Curriculum Improvement RecommendationsThe EE

Conference Session

Faculty Involvement in International Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Siller, Colorado State University; Gearold Johnson, Colorado State University; Amy Pruden, Colorado State University

Tagged Divisions

International

, 2000. 4(1): p. 19-24.6. Jensen, H.P. and M. Gundstrup, International Experience During Study: A Way of Preparing Engineering Students for Their Professional Career. Global Journal of Engineering Education, 1998. 2(1): p. 29-32.7. Jones, R.C., Cross-Border Engineering Practice. Global Journal of Engineering Education, 1999. 3(2): p. 135-138.8. Riemer, M.J., English and Communication Skills for the Global Engineer. Global Journal of Engineering Education, 2002. 6(1): p. 91-100.9. Caspersen, R., Encouraging Engineers to Learn Cross-cultural Skills. Global Journal of Engineering Education, 2002. 6(2): p. 135-137. Page

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Homero Murzi, Virginia Tech; Lilian Katherine Sanchez, National University of Táchira; Bianey Cristina Ruiz Ulloa, National University of Táchira

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

worked for nine years in the manufacturing and service industry as an Industrial Engineer prior to her academic career. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Understanding competencies transfer during internships in undergraduate industrial engineering students: a case study at the [blinded]IntroductionDespite engineering programs designing curriculum with the goal of preparing students forindustry demands, there is still a disconnection between industry expectations of the workforceand the preparation of engineering graduates [1-3]. One way to prepare engineering students tomeet industry expectations is by involving them in real world experiences where they cantransfer some of the knowledge

Conference Session

Study and Research Abroad

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kirsten A. Davis, Virginia Tech; Yousef Jalali, Virginia Tech; David B. Knight, Virginia Tech; Vinod K. Lohani, Virginia Tech; Rolf Müller, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

the previous two themes. The distribution of conceptual codes isshown in Table 4 and explained in more detail below.Table 7. Distribution of Personal Conceptual Codes Personal Codes Australia China Both Career Goals X Interests X Real World Experience X Awareness of Unknown X Use of Existing Skills X Personal Awareness X Empathy

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine A. Twyman, Virginia Tech; David B. Knight, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

International

Experiencing Processes Noticing processes in the  Process performance machinery and how things work  Comparing processes (efficiency) and move  Multiple disciplines Linking educational Thoughts about their career path,  Engineering interest experience to noticing applications of their 1st  Personal goals professional practice year class  Connecting to a class Learning about a non- Commenting about a profession engineering profession other than engineering (e.g. brewmaster) Understanding Scale Noticing the size of and/or energy

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kent A. Wayland, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

International

most difficult to implement, due to thepractical limitations of student careers and engineering curricula. Yet reentry programminggreatly enhances the global competence that engineers can acquire by helping them adjustemotionally and behaviorally and by giving them the opportunity for transformative learning.This emotional, behavioral, and cognitive development enhances their global competence notonly by improving their ability interact across cultural lines, but also by helping them synthesizetheir experience into a new understanding of how engineers define and solve problemsdifferently across cultures. Educators have come up with a variety of strategies for solving thisproblem and understanding these different strategies might help overcome

Conference Session

International STEM Education: International Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel A. Brennan, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Julio Urbina, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Jose F. Oliden, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; Juan Martín Rodríguez, Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria

Tagged Divisions

International

this program that wasoffered between Penn State and UNI last year. The article also reports the motivation behind theprogram revisions, the integration of SDG’s with Drawdown, and the strategy for obtaining theapproval and support of the university faculty. The assessment of newer hands-on projects addedto the program and future activities are presented. The impact of this program on students’professional growth and career development are discussed, as well.1. IntroductionThe concepts of global citizenship [1,2] and sustainability [3] are essential in transformingundergraduate education in the United States in order to handle the challenges of the 21st century.Indeed, Higher Education institutions need to identify, create, and provide

Conference Session

Technical Capacity Bldg for Developing Countries & Service Learning

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lauri Burke, Colorado School of Mines; Barbara Moskal, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

International

, students were required to submit anapplication, resume, transcript, and three letters of recommendation. Additionally, studentssubmitted a written statement explaining their career goals and interest in the HumanitarianEngineering program at Colorado School of Mines. Thirty-five entering freshman, ten of which were female, applied to participate in thisprogram. Twelve were selected. All applications packages were reviewed by six members of ourfaculty using a common scoring rubric. To the extent possible, names and genders were removedfrom student applications before the review process began. Twelve undergraduate scholarshiprecipients were selected to participate in the program and the remaining scholarship recipientswere rank ordered on a

Conference Session

International Engineering Education I

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricio Tapia, University of Florida; Fazil Najafi, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

International

only the education process but also the wayshow Teacher Assistants perceive their responsibilities. Becoming a Teacher Assistant atUniversity of Florida helps student’s financial needs and prepares those who want topursue an academic career. For Chileans, being a Teacher Assistant is considered a highprestige.IntroductionTeacher Assistant (TA) activities play an important role in the education of civilengineers since students learn and have the opportunity to interact with their fellowstudents. TA’s activities include performing assigned class duties, office hours, assistingstudents in the laboratory, field trips, and grading. The emphasis in each activity is afunction of the type of topic covered by the course. Theoretical subjects need

Conference Session

Collaborative & New Efforts in Engineering Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Said Abubakr, Western Michigan University; Dewei Qi, Western Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

International

language and intercultural skills, as well astheir ability to collaborate across borders, business leaders need to demonstrate the economicvalue of study abroad by rewarding international experience in their hiring and advancementpractices.”Study abroad in non-traditional destinations is expanding rapidly, especially to countries whereAmerican students see potential career opportunities. Of particular note are large increases in thenumber of Americans studying in China and India, two countries of growing economicimportance to the United States. Study abroad in China increased by a dramatic 90% (4,737, upfrom 2,493 in 2002/03), making China the 9th-leading host destination for American students.American students continue to study abroad in larger

Conference Session

Scholar Program Proposal/Develop Courses and Materials/Collaborations and Accredatation Systems for Global Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lester Gerhardt, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Andy Riess, Council for International Exchange of Scholars

Tagged Divisions

International

. Simply put, we as acountry, as educators, and as individuals need to do more to properly educate the nextgeneration by incorporating a global experience as part of the educational process. TheFulbright Program offers just such a bi-directional opportunity for a highly diversifiedgroup of people in different stages of their career development.Overview of the Fulbright Scholar ProgramThe Fulbright Program is the flagship international educational exchange programsponsored by the U.S. government and is designed to “increase mutual understandingbetween the people of the United States and the people of other countries.” With this goalas a starting point, the Fulbright Program has provided almost 300,000 participants—chosen for their academic merit

Conference Session

Scholar Program Proposal/Develop Courses and Materials/Collaborations and Accredatation Systems for Global Engineering Education / Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace and Successful Graduates for a Flat World: What Does It Take?

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lueny Morell, Hewlett-Packard; Jennifer DeBoer, SPEED

Tagged Divisions

International

practice of engineering can be unappeasable and difficult, the reason why so many students shy away from choosing it as a career. “Engineering…is an unforgiving and demanding environment…for students to succeed as engineers, they must acquire skills that go far beyond theories, simulations and exam- taking ….there is absolutely no substitute for the hard edged technical and business skills that are required to bring products and projects to market.” ~ Bernard M. Gordon, founder of NeuroLogica Corp., founder & former chair of Analogic Corp., and co-founder of Epsco Inc. “[Chuck House] was a Hewlett-Packard engineer in the 1960s, eager to build a large

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Svetlana Levonisova, University of Southern California; Shaobo Huang, University of Southern California; Scott C Streiner, University of Pittsburgh; Sydnie Cunningham Cunningham, The University of Tulsa; Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California; Mary E. Besterfield-Sacre, University of Pittsburgh; Larry J. Shuman, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl Matherly

Tagged Divisions

International

complete Ongoing, Creativity and Awareness of local, and others from technical tasks, how their career as regional and voluntary self- innovation different cultures presentations and impacted by global international motivated learner communications

Conference Session

Introducing New Methodologies and the Incoming Students to Engineering Programs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

International

that considers the intellectual,social, cultural, and professional development needs of students and young professionals,and the need for taking little steps—one person at a time—that may make a bigdifference in student’s performance and attitudes towards learning. It is argued that suchan approach to mentoring will help encourage more underrepresented groups, such aswomen and minorities, to pursue careers in engineering. The paper, also, describes someattributes of mentoring and suggests how a faculty member might become a good mentorto students.I. IntroductionMentoring is not a new concept. Many of us have benefited from a trusted mentor.Perhaps we called them a friend, family member, or an advisor, whose opinions andexperiences we trusted

Conference Session

International Research Experiences Intl Div Tech Session 8

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ali Mehrizi-Sani , Virginia Tech; Chen-Ching Liu P.E., Virginia Tech; Stephen McArthur, University of Strathclyde

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

Professor at Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria, in Nov. 2014 and Jan. 2016. His areas of interest include power system applications of power electronics and integration of renewable energy resources. Dr. Mehrizi-Sani is an editor of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, and IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. He is the Chair of IEEE Task Force on Dynamic System Equivalents and the Secretary of the CIGRE Working Group C4.34 on Application of PMUs for Monitoring Power System Dynamic Performance. He was the recipient of the 2018 IEEE PES Outstanding Young Engineer Award, 2018 ASEE PNW Outstanding Teaching Award, 2017 IEEE Mac E. Van Valkenburg Early Career Teaching Award

Conference Session

International Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pradeep Kashinath Waychal, Western Michigan University; Jayantrao Bhaurao Patil, R. C. Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, India; Pramod Jagan Deore, R. C. Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, India; Suhas Pandit Shukla, R. C. Patel Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

increase. One solution is to reduce thevariation by “ability grouping” or “career tracking” students, a method that was used in highschools. to "Ability grouping” is proven effective by multiple researchers" [1-4]. There are alternateviews, too, such as Han [5] showing clear evidence that early tracking increases educationalinequality; supplemented with weaker evidence that it reduces performance. Van Elk et al. [6]found that early tracking has a detrimental effect on completion of higher education for studentsat the margin of the Dutch high and low tracks, and the negative effects of early tracking arelarger for students with relatively high ability or students with a higher socioeconomicbackground. Tieso [1] defines grouping types such as

Conference Session

Global Engineering in an Interconnected World

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard McGinnis, Bucknell University; Alexandra Coleman, Bucknell University; Jacqueline Denning, Bucknell University; Joseph Smith, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

International

chapter, has used social challenges in foreign countries as thebasis for multi-disciplinary design projects that its engineering and liberal arts students work ontogether to find practical solutions. One project based in the Shannan Prefecture of Chinainvolved water quality assessment, solar decontamination of medical wastes, and construction ofcomposting latrines. A group of Tufts students spent four weeks in Tibet assessing the needs andperforming pilot investigations.10Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) is a leader in international service learning projects forengineering students. The goal of WPI’s Interactive Qualifying Project (IQP) is to help studentsunderstand the social and global contexts for their professional careers. “This degree

Conference Session

Global Engineering in an Interconnected World

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saeed Khan, Kansas State University-Salina; Beverlee Kissick, Kansas State University-Salina

Tagged Divisions

International

leadership and management to engineers. The aforementionedattributes, along with cultural skills, are key factors in improving our globalcompetitiveness. Advertising these new requirements will perhaps broaden the appeal ofengineering programs to students well prepared in math and science who are primarilyinterested in careers in management and leadership.We also need to supplement some of the work that was traditionally done by engineerswith work done by technologists. The National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE)differentiates between the engineer, on the one hand, and the engineering technologist onthe other, by emphasizing how engineering graduates design projects, while engineeringtechnology graduates implement them:Engineering

Conference Session

International Engineering Education II

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Dalton, The Petroleum Institute; Isoroku Kubo, The Petroleum Institute

Tagged Divisions

International

. Isoroku Kubo is an associate professor at the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi. He holds Ph.D. degree from the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering department at Cornell University and has taught several mechanical engineering courses for 7 years. He is an internationally recognized authority for his work in the solar energy-driven power which won him and his team at Cummins the prestigious R&D 100 award. Before starting his academic career, he worked in the automotive industry for many years including 17 years at Cummins Engine Company (USA). Page 11.1139.1© American Society for Engineering

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mariana Leandro Cruz, Delft University of Technology; Gillian N. Saunders-Smits, Delft University of Technology

Tagged Divisions

International

graduation from high school, college oruniversity and early-career engineering professionals (with up to 5-years of workexperience) [12]. They found that early-career professionals were expected to possesshigher proficiency levels for the attribute possesses the ability to think both critically andcreatively than students upon university graduation. For MSc. graduates, besides reachingexpert level in communication and teamwork, industry requires higher levels of mastery ininnovation competencies (Table 1).Comparing the ten highest means of required mastery at BSc and MSc levels (grey cells inTable 1), it can be observed that they share seven competencies. These seven competencies:time management, risk tolerance, listening skills, writing skills

Conference Session

Cultural Issues in Engineering: International Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jayanta K. Banerjee, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

, ASME and VDI (Germany). c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020ASEE Annual Convention in Montreal, Canada: (Paper for Presentation in International Division)Cultural Relativism and Global Technology Transfer in EngineeringJayanta Banerjee (ASEE Life Member)Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM)“Culture manages us far more than we ever manage it; and it happens largely outside our awareness.” Schein (Anthropologist)AbstractWhile we cannot govern our education only by our culture, culture still plays a very significant role in ouracademic and professional career. In engineering education, in particular

Conference Session

They need more than technical skills!

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge Rodriguez P.E., Western Michigan University; Ivan E. Esparragoza, Pennsylvania State University, Media; Jared Roberto Ocampo, Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

., attractive project), the way the collaboration istaking place (e.g., greater emphasis on communication), and external factors (e.g., considerationto local non-technical challenges). Some of these modification are being implemented, and theresults will be reported in the future.ReferencesBenson, L., Kirn, A., and Morkos, B. (2013, June), CAREER: Student Motivation and Learning in Engineering Paper presented at 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Atlanta, Georgia.Berteaux, F., and Javernick-Will, A., (2015) “Adaptation and Integration for Multinational Project-Based Organizations”, Journal of management in engineering, vol. 31, no. 6, Nov. 2015.Deci, E. L.,and Ryan, R. M., (2000) “The "What" and "Why" of goal pursuits: Human needs