9 items19 items (MS) 5 self-efficacy itemsThe internal consistency reliability of each subscale, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha, rangesfrom 0.78-0.86 (cognitive), 0.87-0.89 (affective) and 0.84-0.85 (behavioral), all satisfyinggenerally accepted criteria for internal reliability of educational surveys (at least 0.7 for a set ofitems in social science scales 16 and as low as 0.60 for educational assessment scales 17, 18).The appropriate versions of the survey were administered using an on-line Zoomerang™platform before and after the educational intervention. The adult-version of the survey 19 wasadministered to teachers in June before the Summer Institute and on the last day of each Institutein August. Student surveys
identified for various components of the logic model. Interest in science, attitudesrelated to interest, e.g. gender bias, and self-efficacy can be measured with surveys and one-on-one or focus group interviews.20,21 Commitment to science education and/or careers cangenerally not be observed or measured within the time and resource restraints of the program.However, social scientist often use “behavioroid” measures, that is, a measure of commitmentthat more than an expressed attitude but not an immediately observed behavior.22 Unlikeattitudinal measures, e.g. checking yes to a survey item, “I would like to attend more scienceeducation”, behavioroid measures entail a commitment to a behavior such as signing up for anactual future training.The
Institutional Review Board at each university, with anapplication package including the survey instruments and informed consent letters for teachersand students. In addition to quantitative measures of participation and diversity, the assessmentincludes attitudinal measures of problem-solving and self-efficacy.8,9,10 Also, qualitativereflections completed by teachers, Young Scholars, and middle school students are collectedonline at the completion of each activity. Mentors and ERC precollege staff perform Page 15.969.6longitudinal follow-up electronically. This follow-up itself may have a positive effect onprecollege participants, helping them see
science, but also students’ self-perceptions of their abilities (e.g., self concept, efficacy,expectations for success) and their interest in math and science. Models of academicachievement and occupation choices 2,4,7 suggest that self-perceptions and expectations forsuccess are the more proximal predictors of academic and career choices. In fact they are betterpredictors than actual achievement indicators such as math and science grades. Efficacy beliefsare also strong predictors of adaptation and change as well as academic aspirations, level ofmotivation and resilience.2 For these reasons, we examine students’ self efficacy and interest inmath and science as our primary measures of academic outcomes post-transition.To summarize, the purpose of
programs47.Increased self-efficacy is important for continued learning and persistence when learningbecomes more complex or students have difficulty. A classroom environment that supportscollaboration and positive interactions among students is also important. Unfortunately,insignificant changes in objective measures of students’ learning and attitudes toward STEM areoften found with high-achieving students such as those who attend enrichment programs35-36, 46and in a case like this suggest there may be no academic benefit to single-single programs. Morequalitative measures of changes in students’ cognitions and/or perceptions that more adequatelycapture these types of latent measures are necessary. Preceptions of Engineers through DrawingsPrevious
modulescovering the following topics: § "Why K-12 Engineering Education?" Introduction § Diversity in Learning Styles and Self-Efficacy § Collaborative and Active Learning § Engineering Profession Overview and Academic Pathways Page 12.706.5 TECT: TECT:TEACHING ENGINEERING TEACHINGENGINEERING TO TO COUNSELORS
-world applications of science and engineering. This project provides a hands-on, contextualapproach to student learning, as well as teacher professional development. As part of thecurriculum, data is being collected on student outcomes that quantify high school students’academic self-efficacy, real world problem solving, critical thinking skills, achievement inmathematics and the sciences, motivational and goal orientation, and vocational or careerinterests in STEM fields. Additionally, teacher outcomes, including self-efficacy, are beingmeasured. This poster/paper will present the curriculum developed through the collaborativepartnership between K12 schools systems and university.IntroductionNumerous publications in recent years have expressed
), 335-38.8. Hutchison, M. A., Follman, D.K., Sumpter, M., and Bodner, G.M. (2006). Factors influencing the self- efficacy beliefs of first-year engineering students. Journal of Engineering Education, 96(1), 39-47.9. Yurtseven, H.O. (2002). How does the image of engineering affect student recruitment and retention? A perspective from the USA. Global Journal of Engineering Education 6 (1), 17-23.10. Li, Q., McCoach, D.B., Swaminathan, H., and Tang, J. (2008). Development of an instrument to measure perspectives of engineering education among college students. Journal of Engineering Education 97(1), 47-5611. CCSD Fast Facts 2009-10. Clark County School District, http://ccsd.net/news/publications/pdf/CCSDFastFacts.pdf
TechnologyAbstractThe future of America’s global competitiveness depends upon a well-educated, technologically literateworkforce. However, if proactive measures are not taken in the near future, the United States will face aserious shortage of scientists, engineers, technologists, and mathematicians because high school students,especially those from underrepresented groups, are increasingly losing interest in these subjects. The keyin reversing this trend lies in our ability to promote science, technology, engineering and math (STEM)subjects and professions in a more socially relevant, real-world context and to recognize the differences inlearning styles and self-efficacy between males, females and minorities. In an effort to increase thenumber and diversity
described.Teacher Related ResultsScience Teaching EfficacyThe Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument (STEBI) is an instrument based onBandura’s definition of self-efficacy as a situation-specific construct. The instrument wasdeveloped by Riggs and Enochs 7 to measure efficacy of teaching science. The STEBIconsists of 23 statements which are divided to provide two sub-scores, which are randomlyembedded in the instrument. Thirteen of the statements yield scores for the PersonalScience Teaching Efficacy (PSTE) subscale, which reflect science teachers’ confidence intheir ability to teach science. The remaining ten statements yield scores for ScienceTeaching Outcome Expectancy (STOE) subscale, which reflect science teachers’ beliefsthat student learning
this data is quite timely, because this course isunique among offerings across the country. The pre-service teachers in the class represented avariety of backgrounds, but generally displayed lower self-efficacy than engineering students oftheir age. The general lack of understanding of such students with regards to engineering,including the differences and similarities among the various STEM disciplines as well as theirown feelings of fear and/or inadequacy when faced with problem solving tasks may represent asignificant barrier to the potential recruiting success of future engineering students. This paperwill describe the results of self-efficacy assessments, the methods used in presentation of thecourse material and the ways in which the
benchmark tocompare the attitudes and self-efficacy of our students. Based on the assumption that studentswith high self-perception of capabilities display high motivation and attain high achievement, 16- 20 data are being collected from students of teachers in the STEM partnership grant and acomparable group of students. Some of the TIMSS self-efficacy questions (“I like Math, I amgood at math”, etc) have also been asked of students in the K-12 PBLP program for several yearsand preliminary data are available for the students who just completed the extracurricular VEXrobotics competition. Figure 3 illustrates the responses of our Partnership students incomparison with the 1999 national averages. 21 It is clear that the students who completed
Page 25.886.2discovery based approach and a hands-on robotics program will improve students‟ STEMattitudes, math performance, and intentions to pursue STEM education and careers. The theoryof planned behavior5 was used to guide the measurement of students‟ STEM educationoutcomes.A Guided Discovery Approach to STEM EducationTraditional approaches to STEM education can result in disinterested students who may notpursue college-level STEM education and a competitive and hostile educational environment.6We propose that a guided discovery approach is more effective in engaging diverse students inlearning STEM concepts. This engagement will result in increased STEM knowledge andacademic self-efficacy among diverse elementary students.Bruner‟s7
. National Research Council (2007). Taking science to school: Learning and teaching science in grades K-8. R. A. Duschl, H. A. Schweingruber, A. W. Shouse (Eds.). Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.5. Schoeneberger, M., & Russell, T. (1986). Elementary science as a little added frill: A report of two case studies. Science Education, 70, 519-538.6. Wallace, J., & Louden, W. (1992). Science teaching and teachers’ knowledge: Prospects for reform of primary classroom. Science Education, 76(5), 507- 521.7. Settlage, J., Southerland, S. A., Smith, L. K. & Ceglie, R. (2009). Constructing a doubt-free teaching self: self- efficacy, teacher identity, and science instruction within diverse settings
, Self-Efficacy, and Project Impact when compared to the end-of-the-year post-survey.Both pre- and post-survey questions with the allowed categorical responses are listed in Table 1.Attitudes towards Engineering questions (#1-7) relate to direct attitude and perception about thefield of engineering and the interest in becoming an engineer. Self-Efficacy questions (#8-9)were chosen to measure the student’s attitude in regards to his/her understanding of the conceptof the engineering design process and ability to successfully work with or lead a team to aneffective solution. Project Impact questions (#10-12) were used to gain insight into the students’perspective on the overall project
program is in year 3 of implementation with few participants (N=8 teachersand 16 students), multiyear comparisons and multivariate analyses are not yet possible and willnot be presented as the sample size is still relatively small and not all data sets have beencollected. Accordingly, descriptive statistics and qualitative analyses associated with theavailable data sets are illustrated and described.Teacher Related ResultsScience Teaching EfficacyThe Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument (STEBI) is an instrument based on Bandura’sdefinition of self-efficacy as a situation-specific construct. The instrument was developed byRiggs and Enochs 7 to measure efficacy of teaching science. The STEBI consists of 23statements which are divided to
for engaging K-12 students in the field at an early age. Their research furtherexplored the differences in self-efficacy among engineering students who had pre-collegeengineering experiences vs. those who did not. They found that although much literature existson the factors that affect self-efficacy of students in college, little research is available on thevalue of pre-college experiences in affecting a student’s judgment of their own capabilities.Value of Extracurricular Volunteer Service on University StudentsAmple research supports the benefits of service learning on students’ collegiate experience, bothwhen embedded as a curricular requirement and as an extracurricular offering. Our literaturesearch looked into both types of experiences
).Table 6Comparison of Means for STEM Confidence by Gender and School Gender School M Participating 3.67 Girls Comparison 3.61 Participating 3.84 Boys Comparison 3.35Our last two attitude scales examined student STEM self-efficacy. Exploratory factor analysisindicated that our self-efficacy items measured two dimensions: math and science self-efficacy;and engineering and technology self-efficacy. Math and science efficacy were measured using a4-item scale (α = .77) with responses ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (almost all of
ifnecessary. Students finished the survey in an average of 10 minutes.ResultsResponse options to the engagement and self-efficacy surveys were coded with values of 3, 2, or1 for “A Lot Like Me,” “A Little Like Me,” and “Not at All Like Me,” respectively, and enteredinto PASW Statistics 18.0. Missing data were handled with multiple imputation.Factor AnalysesExploratory factor analyses (EFA). First, a series of exploratory factor analyses were done toexplore how the engagement survey items grouped together. A confirmatory factor analysisfollowed to evaluate how well the model fit the data.For the exploratory analyses, a few key standards were used for retaining factors, includingeigenvalues above one,29 scree plots,30 and the percent of variance
a seven-segment LED numberdisplay. As students’ intuition for electricity develops, they are introduced to the couplingsbetween electric current and magnetic fields through projects involving motors and speakers.Other projects discussed in this paper include trusses (vectors and forces), servo efficiency(energy conversion), accelerometers (programming, vectors and gravity), homemade guitars(waves and sound), solar ovens (energy and heat), and digital cameras (gravity and projectilemotion).The central focus of the NASA-Threads curriculum is to tie fundamental STEM topics tointeresting applications. This paper documents a selection of our major projects and alsoprovides data related to teacher self-efficacy for a summer 2011 workshop that
participated in the program more prepared to participate in their Science FairProjects? And is their performance in math and science courses influenced by this experience?This may also include qualitative feedback from the teachers that participated in the pre-activities, I2D2 event, and post-activities.Finally, one other aspect of the program that will be added for the 2012-2013 school yearsurrounds parent involvement. And specifically, exposure of parents to STEM fields and thethought process as well. Numerous studies have been conducted to explore the relationshipbetween parental involvement, support, and views towards their child’s motivation, self-efficacy,and long term aspirations and achievements. For example, Fan and Williams reported
? What went well? Self-efficacy for Why did you want to What have you learned this week? Scientific research participate in this RET What have you been doing related to your Self-efficacy for teaching program? engineering teaching module? engineering What do you hope to get How confident are you feeling this week about General program out of the RET program? teaching your students about engineering?Table 2. Coding structure to measure RET interns’ functionality as scientific researchers.Constructs 1. Low 2. Low-Middle 3. High-Middle 4. High Internal vs
creating and operating an airline, includingpurchasing aircraft; determining where and when the aircraft would fly while ensuringsatisfactory maintenance checks; and determining staffing levels, advertising expenditures, andticket prices. Throughout the week, lectures and activities presented by graduate students andprofessors aided the decision-making process of the new airline executives. The camp alsoincluded two field trips to Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport and the Delta AirLines’ Heritage Museum. The evaluation of this summer program utilized pre-post surveys tomeasure the impact of camp experience on student self-efficacy and STEM interest. Theevaluation was also designed to determine students’ interest and understanding
. Each EiE unit has commonelements, including a four-lesson structure. The first lesson introduces a field of engineering anda design challenge through a fictional story. The second lesson explores the field of engineeringmore broadly through hands-on activities. The third lesson includes a controlled experiment formore in-depth exploration of different materials, processes, or design elements that will informthe final design. For the fourth lesson, students plan, create, test, evaluate and improve theirdesigns. As a result of engaging in engineering challenges and better understanding engineeringconcepts and being exposed to the kind of work of engineers do, some students might also reportincreases in their attitudes and self efficacy related
, 2005.[4] R.M. Marra, et al. “Women Engineering Students and Self-Efficacy: A Multi-Year, Multi-Institution Study of Women Engineering Student Self-Efficacy,” Journal of Engineering Education, pp. 27-38, 2009.[5] M. Robinson. “Robotics-driven Activities: Can They Improve Middle School Science Learning?” Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 2005.[6] A. Baram-Tsabari & A. Yarden. “Quantifying the Gender Gap in Science Interests,” International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2011.[7] Weinberg et al. “The Impact of Robot Projects on Girls’ Attitudes Toward Science and Engineering,” in RSS Robotics in Education Conference, 2007.[8] M.A. Quiroga, M. Herranz, M. Gómez-Abad, M. Kebir, J. Ruiz, Roberto Colom
science in the future, weargue that the intervention must influence teacher and students’ goals and beliefs. Research inmotivation has demonstrated that teachers are unlikely to engage in instructional innovationsunless they are confident in their ability to instruct in this new way15,16. Teacher confidence intheir instructional skills has been called teaching self-efficacy. Likewise it is important thatstudents’ have positive/adaptive goals for learning about science. Mastery goals have beenassociated with student persistence and increases in interest over time17,18. The teacher from this Page 23.518.15learning experience wrote written
much earlier than those that influencedmen’s decisions. Dick and Rallis also found differential influences for young men as comparedto young women, but these effects were mitigated by math and science preparation. 5 In light of Trusty’s results, Betz and Hackett6 provide an interesting contrast. They foundthat math self-efficacy beliefs among college undergraduates were correlated with choice ofscience major. In this study, women’s self-efficacy for math was statistically lower than that ofmen, and this correlated with choice of major, even though, according to Trusty (above), highschool math course-taking patterns predict women’s selection of a math or science major. Theseand other studies6 explore a diverse range of variables that
smallerteams ensure that each student will have more experience using each piece of hardware andhopefully promote self-efficacy and self-directed learning for high school students.The software involved in the course was revised to use open-source programs. Students will beusing the Arduino programming environment to interface with the SparkFun products. Thissoftware package has been, and will always be, an open source format with extensive librariesand example code provided. The computer aided design software used in the existing collegiatecourse was a proprietary software package called Solidworks (Dassault Systems, Inc.) but wasrevised for the new curricular implementations to an open source CAD software package calledSketchUp (Trimble Navigation
engineering 9/16 16/17 Learn about engineering research 10/16 17/17 Engage in engineering research 12/16 16/17 Enhance my knowledge of technology 11/16 17/17 Design an engineering-based lesson for my classroom 11/16 17/17 Form partnerships with other schools 8/16 8/17___________________________________________________________________________________________Teachers also responded to questions about their confidence level or motivation (self-efficacy)for various aspects of their teaching (See Table 3). Paired
class or physics class. While all of the students participated inthe InSPIRESS project not all of them were planning to pursue a STEM career in college if theyplanned to attend college at all.Implementation: The researchers in this study collected multiple measures and utilized a quasi-experimental design to assess the impact of the project’s authentic learning activities on thestudents’ attitudes, motivation and self-efficacy toward engineering.At the beginning of the school year, the students were provided with consent forms explainingthe research study. After receipt of the signed consent forms, the Pre-surveys were administeredby the researchers to students who, along with their parents, agreed to participate in the project.The rest of the