Engineering. Dr. Callahan received her Ph.D. in Materials Science, M.S. in Metallurgy, and B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Connecticut. Her educational research interests include leadership, institutional change, engineering and STEM retention, and engineering, materials science, and mathematics education.Ms. Jocelyn B. S. Cullers, Boise State University Jocelyn B. S. Cullers is a Data Analyst at the Institute for STEM & Diversity Initiatives at Boise State University. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Calculus Reform – Increasing STEM Retention and Post-Requisite Course Success While Closing the Retention Gap for Women and
Connecticut. Her educational research interests include retention, mathematics and materials science teaching and learning, first-year programs, accreditation, and faculty development.Ms. Jocelyn B. S. Cullers, Boise State University Jocelyn B. S. Cullers is a Data Analyst at the Institute for STEM & Diversity Initiatives at Boise State University. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 The Crux: Promoting Success in Calculus IIAbstractIn the 2013-14 school year, Boise State University (BSU) launched a major overhaul of CalculusI. The details of the reform, described elsewhere, involved both pedagogical and curricularchanges. In subsequent years, we developed several
purpose of this paper is to recommend adapting new pedagogical methods to theaccepted topics in an introductory probability and statistics course for engineeringundergraduates—methods that better match the learning characteristics of Millennial students inour courses. In a nutshell, those characteristics may be summarized as: (1) They want relevanceto their major, and future engineering career; (2) They want rationale (for the textbook selected,and for specific course policies and assignments); (3) They revel in technology (to collect data,compute, communicate, and multi-task); (4) They want a relaxed, hands-on environment; (5)They prefer instructors who rotate among several classroom delivery methods.Considering the “Five R‟s” learning
(PCAST). “Transformation and opportunity: The future of the U. S. research enterprise,” Washington, DC: PCAST, 2012.[2] M. W. Ohland, and E. R. Crockett. “Creating a catalog and meta-analysis of freshman programs for engineering students: Part 1: Summer bridge programs,” in Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. Montreal, Canada: ASEE, June 16-19, 2002.[3] B. P. An. “The Impact of Dual Enrollment on College Degree Attainment Do Low-SES Students Benefit?” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 0162373712461933, 2012.[4] A. Gamoran, A. C. Porter, J. Smithson, and P. A. White. “Upgrading high school mathematics instruction
verbal (V) ability, in the middle is spatial (S) and math (M) is on the right. STEMstudents, to the right of Figure 1, have an ‘I’ shaped ability profile (i.e. M > S > V), incontrast to the ‘V’ shaped profile (i.e. M ≥ V > S) of the HSS students. Clearly, the ‘I’shaped profile, developed by high school, was a predictor of a STEM education path anddistance travelled on this path. Given that this predictor contains not just math ability butspatial ability also, STEM educators have reason to treat spatial ability in the same way asmath ability: assess incoming students for the ability and provide resources to address anyshortcomings in it. While it is now common to find math learning support centers co-existingbeside engineering schools
gradingincentive that works well with students. Therefore, our proposed course structure used aneffective combination of group learning and specially prepared detailed course notes. After thefirst (background check) quiz the following e-mail (boxed below) was sent to the class givingstudents another opportunity to relearn the topics. The quiz 1 mentioned below was multiple-choice type. Many students would guess answers on such questions. But the condition forregrading such quizzes was they must learn the correct reason/s for each of the missed questionby reading notes, or by discussions with groupmates or others. This worked very well. In fact,our data shows a consistent interest among students. Further tracking some of the students fromFluids II to the
, since the impact of the policy changes in this preliminarystudy differed based on student group. The initial results of this study provide some insight intoinstructional policies that have a positive impact on reducing DFW proportions for Calculus I.These findings support the larger effort of addressing issues causing introductory calculus to be abarrier to success for many STEM majors.ReferencesBeichner, R. J., Saul, J. M., Abbott, D. S., Morse, J. J., Deardorff, D., Allain, R. J., … Risley, J. S. (2007). The student-centered activities for large enrollment undergraduate programs (SCALE-UP) project. Research-Based Reform of University Physics, 1(1), 2–39.Benson, L., Moss, W., Biggers, S., Schiff, S. D., Orr, M. K., & Ohland, M. W
Each CourseFaculty were divided into three math focus groups (leaving College Algebra for the end) wherethey specifically addressed main learning outcomes for the course, the core ideas upon whicheach course is grounded, and the supporting concepts that make up the core idea(s). Thisapproach builds upon a theoretical framework resulting from the work of numerous groups (i.e.,Mathematical Association of America - [MAA]) and individuals, such as Bransford et al., (2000)who, in his National Research Council commissioned book, How People Learn, providedrecommendations based on extensive work addressing learning and teaching in mathematics.Guiding their discussions were a series of questions such as (a) does the course outline reflect thedesired
instructor is incharge of presenting a clarification of the appeal during the next session.Multiple Application Activities: Besides tRAT, this part is considered the most important part ofthe session. Here, teams apply the gained knowledge to solve carefully designed applicationactivities. These activities are designed following the well-known 4-S Framework, i.e. SignificantProblem, Same Problem, Specific Choice and Simultaneous Report. Michaelsen [13] describesthe 4-S approach as follows: a. Address a significant problem that demonstrates a use of a particular concept. b. Make a specific choice among clear alternatives. c. Work on the same problem as other teams, so each team will care about the conclusions and rationales of the other
mathematical abilities [2]. Therefore, students who did not have the necessarymathematical abilities to be successful in engineering courses needed help to pursue theirengineering majors and complete their engineering degrees. In order to retain and supportengineering majors, many universities have offered bridge programs in mathematics for students[3][4]. Such programs were common in the 1990’s and have increased again recently as the needhas been recognized widely. Bridge programs aimed to increase engineering students’ retentionby strengthening their mathematical competencies. There are many types of bridge programs indifferent disciplines, especially science and mathematics. Bridge mathematics programs weremore common in mathematics than science
from Auburn University in 2014. He is a contributor to the Australian Maths Trust, and member of the MASAMU international research group for mathematics.Dr. Carl Pettis Carl S. Pettis, Ph.D. Professor of Mathematics Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Al- abama State University Administrative role: Interim Associate Provost Office of Academic Affairs Alabama State UniversityDr. Uma Kannan Dr. Uma Kannan is Assistant Professor of Computer Information Systems in the College of Business Administration at Alabama State University, where she has taught since 2017. She received her Ph.D. degree in Cybersecurity from Auburn University in 2017. She specialized in Cybersecurity, particularly on
, interested readers are welcome to contact the authorswho will be happy to share lesson plans and suggestions.References 1. National Math and Science Initiative. (2013). Increasing the achievement and presence of under- represented minorities in STEM fields. Report by the National Math and Science Initiative. 2. Crawford, M. Transformations: Women, Gender and Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill: 2006. 3. Nassar-McMillan, S. C., Wyer, M., Oliver-Hoyo, M., Schneider, J. (2011). New tools for examining undergraduate students’ STEM stereotypes: Implications for women and other underrepresented groups. New Directions for Institutional Research, 2011(152), 87-98. 4. Blickenstaff, J. C. (2005). Women and science careers
. Revista Latinoamericana de Investigación En Matemática Educativa, 12(3), 355– 382. 5. Noss, R., Hoyles, C., Mavrikis, M., Geraniou, E., Gutierrez-Santos, S., & Pearce, D. (2009). Broadening the sense of “dynamic”: A microworld to support students’ mathematical generalisation. ZDM—The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 41(4), 493–503. doi:10.1007/s11858-009-0182-8 6. Salinas, P., Quintero, E., & González-Mendívil, E. (2014). An environment to promote a visual learning of Calculus. In H. R. Arabnia, A. Bahrami, L. Deligiannidis, & G. Jandieri (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Frontiers in Education: Computer Science and Computer Engineering (pp. 425–429). Las
author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.We also wish to acknowledge the assistance of the Institutional Research Officers at each campusin gathering the data used in this analysis.References [1] X. Chen and M. Soldner, STEM Attrition: College Students’ Paths Into and Out of STEM Fields (Statistical Analysis Report), ser. National Center for Educational Statistics (NCSE) Statistical Analysis Reports. U.S. Department of Education, 2013. [2] J. Levin and J. H. Wyckof, “Predictors of persistence and success in an engineering program,” NACADA Journal, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 15–21, 1995. [3] J. Middleton, S. Krause, S. Maass, K. Beeley, J. Collofello, and R. Culbertson, “Early course and grade
, separating themselves from the situation(s) where the virus waspresent. This may come in the form of switching majors away from science, technology,engineering, and mathematics, to changing departments, universities, or even jobs. To preventthis attrition, ingroup experts and peers inoculate one’s self-concept by creating environmentsthat foster social belonging (Tse, Logel, & Spencer, 2011). In fact, “recruitment and retention ofunderrepresented groups who are newcomers at entry level is closely dependent on the visibility”of ingroup members (Dasgupta, 2011a). A stronger and more stable sense of belonging is onlyone benefit these ‘social vaccines’ can have. Exposure to ingroup experts and peers in high-achievement environments strengthens
0.301 0.200 0.615 0.246 0.314 0.0186vocabulary words associated phenomena in apresented for the first hands-on fashion and aretime in your given the appropriate wordsclassroom? as neededIn most cases, how is a The students explore the new 0.491 0.113 0.692 0.121 0.201 0.0422new mathematics concept through a hands-oncontent topic activityintroduced in yourclassroom?Which of the following I basically know all the TEKS 2.81 0.882 3.19 0.642 0.385 0.115best describes how and what they require for myfamiliar you are with subject(s) as well as thethe state standards grades above and below mine.(TEKS)?Which of the
the second part of the session, the last 45 minutes, the student is asked to observe for a secondtime the software so that they can adapt it to the studied situation in class. They first studied thesystem of two tanks, but now salt is added to the incoming flow. Now what we are concernedabout is the variable Amount of Salt in the tank S(t) [The figure below is an example of 1 tankwith water mixed with salt]. dS = IS- OS;S(t = 0) = S0 dt dS
orientation.Recruitment of participants was additionally conducted using the Louis Stokes Alliance forMinority Participation (LSAMP) program at Boise State, through personal interaction, email andthe LSAMP website.The second major recruitment strategy is focused on continuing students and occurs followingend of spring and fall semester, after running a “DFW” report (students who receive a grade ofD, F or W) on STEM students in Intermediate Algebra (IntAlg), College Algebra (ColAlg),Trigonometry (Trig) or Calculus I (CalcI). These are invited to receive an ALEKS license overwinter or summer break. One final and recent method of recruitment has been more directive,being linked as a requirement for incoming students who qualified for a NSF S-STEMscholarship. Nine
(3) face-to-face but taught in parallel with the online section. 600 500 400 300 Other 200 Reform 100 0Figure 2: Calculus I enrollment by semester.Total students “captured” by the reform project, as a percent of enrollment is shown in Figure 3.It appears to be stabilizing in the low to mid 70’s, which currently reflects the portion of calculusthat Boise State University has chosen to offer as honors, online, or face-to-face but parallel toonline. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40
statistic values calculated using the formula x¯ − µ0 s= √ , σ/ nwhere x¯ is the sample mean for the group, µ0 is the population mean, σ is the population standarddeviation, and n is the number of samples in the group. So, for example, in the case of thecalculus readiness test scores of incoming engineering students, √ s = (17.14 − 17.44)/(4.63/ 278) = −1.07 > −1.96,therefore the hypothesis is accepted. By similar analysis, in each case (save one) ofhomeschooled students’ test scores (both for incoming and graduated students), the
University, and PhD in Mathematics from Auburn University in 2014. He is a contributor to the Australian Maths Trust, and member of the MASAMU international research group for mathematics.Dr. Carl Pettis, Alabama State University Carl S. Pettis, Ph.D. Professor of Mathematics Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Al- abama State University Administrative role: Interim Provost Office of Academic Affairs Alabama State UniversityDr. Uma Kannan, Alabama State University Dr. Uma Kannan is Assistant Professor of Computer Information Systems in the College of Business Administration at Alabama State University, where she has taught since 2017. She received her Ph.D. degree in Cybersecurity from Auburn University
bridge program was1.8 on a 4.0 scale, compared with a 1.55 from the general Calculus 1 classes. However thechance that a random sample of 16 students from Calculus 1 had a GPA of 1.8 or higher is 26%,so again we cannot conclude that this change was statistically significant.Figure 3 shows the grade in Calculus 1 in Fall 2014 for students who successfully completed thesummer bridge program versus the time they spent on task in the summer program. Again wefind little to no correlation, however it is interesting that there is a cluster of “B”s at the upperend of the time scale. Figure 4 shows the grade in Calculus 1 in Fall 2014 for students who
. NAE Grand Challenges for Engineering. (2015). at 3. Lent, R. W., Lopez, F. G. & Bieschke, K. J. Mathematics self-efficacy: Sources and relation to science- based career choice. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 38, 424–430 (1991).4. Hackett, G. Role of mathematics self-efficacy in the choice of math-related majors of college women and men: A path analysis. Journal of Counseling Psycholy. 32, 47–56 (1985).5. Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D. & Hackett, G. Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance. Journal Vocational Behavior. 45, 79–122 (1994).6. Richardson, F. C. & Suinn, R. M. The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale : Psychometric Data. Journal of
–554, 2013. [8] A. Ayebo and A. Mrutu, “An exploration of calculus students’ beliefs about mathematics,” International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 385–392, 2019. [9] R. E. Wood and E. A. Locke, “The relation of self-efficacy and grade goals to academic performance,” Educational and psychological measurement, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 1013–1024, 1987.[10] IBM Corp., “IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 26.0. armonk: IBM corp.” 2019.[11] J. E. Parsons, T. Adler, R. Futterman, S. Goff, C. Kaczala, J. Meece, and C. Midgley, “Expectancies, values, and academic behaviors,” Achievement and achievement motives, pp. 75–146, 1983.[12] J. S. Eccles and A. Wigfield, “Motivational beliefs, values, and
operators forcalculations on arrays, in particular matrices, a large, coherent, integrated collection ofintermediate tools for data analysis, graphical facilities for data analysis and display eitherdirectly at the computer or on hardcopy, and a well-developed, simple and effectiveprogramming language (called ‘S’) which includes conditionals, loops, user defined recursivefunctions and input and output facilities [14].” We chose to use RStudio because it is an open-source software. Also, this gives the students another programming language tool. The studentscan download the software onto their computers/laptops without any extra cost and be able to usethis software after this course is completed. We have noticed the students are adaptable
).7. DeLozier, S. J. & Rhodes, M. G. Flipped Classrooms: a Review of Key Ideas and Recommendations for Practice. Educ. Psychol. Rev. (2016). doi:10.1007/s10648-015- 9356-98. Freeman, S. et al. Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111, 8410–8415 (2014).9. Prince, M. Does Active Learning Work ? A Review of the Research. J. Eng. Educ. 93, 223–231 (2004).10. Sahin, A., Cavlazoglu, B. & Zeytuncu, Y. E. Flipping a College Calculus Course: A Case Study. J. Educ. Technol. Soc. 18, 142–152 (2015).11. Talbert, R. in Best practices for flipping the college classroom (eds. Waldrop, J. B. & Bowdon, M. A.) 29–43 (Routledge, 2015
Paper ID #32712Student and Teacher Perceptions of a Classroom Response System:Demographic Comparisons in a First Semester Calculus CourseDr. Patricia A. Ralston, University of Louisville Dr. Patricia A. S. Ralston is Professor and Chair of the Department of Engineering Fundamentals at the University of Louisville. She received her B.S., MEng, and PhD degrees in chemical engineering from the University of Louisville. Dr. Ralston teaches undergraduate engineering mathematics and is currently involved in educational research on the effective use of technology in engineering education, the incorpo- ration of critical
, S. (1992). The function concept as a prototype for problems in mathematical learning. In E. Dubinsky & G. Harel (Eds.), The concept of function: Aspects of epistemology and pedagogy (195-213). Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America.