Conference Session

An International Perspective

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University; Bianca Bernstein, Arizona State University; Nancy Felipe Russo, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

. Actually this argument is also astrong reason why engineering needs more women trained in engineering to increasediversity in the values and perspectives of engineering personnel and to change methodsand processes of delivering material to future generations of engineers.In 2001, Lazarus, Ritter, and Ambrose underscored the seriousness of the lack of womenin engineering and science doctoral programs in “The Woman’s Guide to Navigating thePh.D. in Engineering & Science.”2 They reported that of the 5,919 engineeringdoctorates awarded in 1998, only 769 (13%) were earned by women. These figures donot reflect the continued under representation of domestic women in engineeringprograms. Table 1 presents the national summary of PhD degrees in

Conference Session

Money and People; Resource Management for Recruitment and Retention

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margaret Bailey, Rochester Institute of Technology; Elizabeth DeBartolo, Rochester Institute of Technology; Jacqueline Mozrall, Rochester Institute of Technology; Julie Olney, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Conference Session

Women & New Faculty Development

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julie Jessop, University of Iowa

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

meetings (by phone or in person) to get up to speed without exhausting your energyreserves.7,17Once you are back to work, assess your activities wisely. Which should be discontinued to makeroom for your new responsibilities as a parent? Although it is difficult to bow out at times,especially if we enjoy the activity, the reality is that we only have a limited amount of time,energy and resources. Saying “no” to an activity today does not necessarily mean that you willnever be able to do it again. Your priorities have changed, and your activities should reflect it.Do not let other people force their priorities upon you or allow yourself to get overloaded!Colleagues may need to be reminded of your increased responsibilities. Some of my malecolleagues

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Lourdes A. Medina, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez; Saylisse Davila, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez; Olga Beatriz Rivera, Amgen Manufacturing Limited; Nolgie Oquendo-Colon, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus; Maria Angelica Velazquez, Montana State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christina S. Morton, University of Michigan ; Selyna Beverly, University of Michigan

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Dell, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Carol Elizabeth Marchetti, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Sharon Patricia Mason, Rochester Institute of Technology; Margaret B. Bailey, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Maureen S. Valentine, Rochester Institute of Technology (CAST); DeLois Kijana Crawford, Rochester Institute of Technology (GCCIS)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

. Grant funded career navigation efforts continue to be institutionalized within the university structure. Career navigation focused initiatives are also undergoing an evaluation to better understand how these efforts support the project’s overall objectives and project goal. Acknowledgements Support for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation ADVANCE Institutional Transformation program under Award No. 1209115. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. References1. “RIT_EFFORT_Career_Life_Survey.pdf” NSF ADVANCE RIT (2009, October). Web

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristina Rigden, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Mariappan Jawaharlal, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Nicole Gutzke, Cal Poly Pomona

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

dates back to the American philosopher John Dewey who defined it asreflective thinking. Dewey defined reflective thinking as “…the ground or basis for a belief isdeliberately sought and its adequacy to support the belief examined” [4]. This definition evolvedinto intellectual abilities and skills by Benjamin Bloom who developed Bloom’s taxonomy ofeducational objectives [5]. Currently, P21 classifies critical thinking as reasoning effectively, usingsystems thinking, making judgements and decisions, and solving problems [3]. Critical thinking is important to develop in students. The Femineer® Program is able tohelp students develop critical thinking skills by introducing systems thinking into the WearableTechnology curriculum. This will

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session - Pre-college Programs for Women

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paula Ann Monaco, Texas Tech University; Aimee Cloutier, Texas Tech University; Guo Zheng Yew, Texas Tech University; Maeghan Marie Brundrett, Texas Tech University; Dylan Christenson, Texas Tech University; Audra N. Morse, Texas Tech University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division, Women in Engineering

pursue engineering. Figure 4 details the responses students provided. Somestudents selected multiple categories, and Figure 4 depicts the percentage each category wasselected by 37 participants. Here, it is again clear that altruistic tendencies are a majorcontributing factor to the female students’ desire to pursue engineering, in agreement withprevious literature. It also appears that students’ interests played a major role in their decision topursue engineering. This finding may reflect students’ desire to choose careers that arepersonally meaningful, which has also been demonstrated in literature as a relevant factor infemale students’ career decisions.14 Figure 4: Percentage of participants’ motivation to become

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division: Strategies Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Elizabeth Dawson, Arizona State University; Bianca L. Bernstein, Arizona State University; Kerrie Wilkins, Arizona State University ; Jennifer M. Bekki, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation. Bibliographic Information Page 26.850.141. Klein, C., DeRouin, R. E., & Salas, E. (2006). Uncovering workplace interpersonal skills: A review, framework, and research agenda. In G. P. Hodgkinson & J. K. Ford (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 80-126). New York: WIley & Sons, Ltd.2. National Research Council. (2012). Education for Life and Work: Developing Transferable Knowledge and Skills in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.3. National Association

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division: Pre-college Student Experiences

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Valle, Georgia Institute of Technology; Tia Jackson-Truitt; Wendy C. Newstetter, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

majorengineering firm.I’m a people person […] My last internship was with [very large, well known, globalengineering firm], in California, but they didn’t have anything for me to do […] It was horriblyboring, horribly sucky […] I can usually click with everybody, just clown and have fun, but thatwas the first time with a group where I couldn’t really catch, like, a groove, a group of people toclown with. I couldn’t have fun with a subset of them, and of course, you have to be serious whenyou’re working, but I always want to clown and have fun, […] I like to get work done but I liketo also have fun with it.We believe this reflects how many of the traditional engineering firms come across as stodgy andunfriendly to this generation of students, and

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division: Curricular Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brianna Blaser, University of Washington; Katherine M. Steele, University of Washington; Sheryl Elaine Burgstahler, University of Washigton

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

10 ways to engage underrepresentedstudents in computing. Retrieved from http://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-engage-underrepresented-students-computing/top-10-ways-engage-underrepresented23 DO-IT. (2014). Checklist for making science labs accessible to students with disabilities. Retrieved fromhttp://www.uw.edu/doit/checklist-making-science-labs-accessible-students-disabilitiesAcknowledgementThis material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant #EEC-1444961. Anyopinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation

Conference Session

WIED: Curricular Undergraduate Student Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tonya Lynn Nilsson P.E., Santa Clara University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Page 24.1377.3around them even though most engineering concepts are observable in our daily lives. EverydayExamples in Engineering make the new topics accessible to students and provide context as towhy they are learning the material and how it relates to their lives. Everyday examples are onlyeffective if they are relevant to the life experience to date of the college student. Engineeringinstructors with years of experience must reflect back to their level of experience and knowledgeas an undergraduate. For example, axial loading and deformation of composite members is anearly topic in the Mechanics of Materials course. A common textbook example for this topic,which many experienced engineers would consider an everyday example, is a concrete

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Juebei Chen, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Jiabin Zhu, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Tianyi Zheng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

., Williams, L. (2004). Voices of women in asoftware engineering course: reflections on collaboration. Journal on EducationalResources in Computing, 4(1): 3.[21] Laeser, M., Moskal, B. M., Knecht, R. (2003). Engineering design: Examiningthe impact of gender and the team's gender composition. Journal of EngineeringEducation, 92(1): 49-56.[22] Du, X. Y. (2006). Gendered practices of constructing an engineering identity in aproblem-based learning environment. European Journal of Engineering Education,31(1): 35-42.[23] Du, X., Kolmos, A. (2007). Gender Inclusiveness in Engineering Education-IsProblem Based Learning Environment a Recipe?. European Journal of EngineeringEducation, 7(5): 25-38.[24] Stein, L. A., Aragon, D., Moreno, D. (2014). Evidence for

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Behzad Beigpourian, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 96–124, 2014.[19] R. R. Bailey, A. K. Swan, A. Coso, M. F. Creager, and H. T. Rowan-Kenyon, “The role of gender in student perceptions of leadership on interdisciplinary engineering teams,” J. Women Minor. Sci. Eng., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 97–113, 2012.[20] E. A. Flynn, G. Savage, M. Penti, C. Brown, and S. Watke, “Gender and Modes of Collaboration in a Chemical Engineering Design Course,” J. Bus. Tech. Commun., 1991.[21] S. B. Berenson, K. M. Slaten, L. Williams, and C.-W. Ho, “Voices of women in a software engineering course: Reflections on collaboration,” J. Educ. Resour. Comput., vol. 4, no. 1, p. 3–es, 2005.[22] K. Beddoes and G. Panther, “Gender and teamwork: An analysis of professors

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Buckley, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Lena B. Gumaelius, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Tomás Hyland, University of Limerick; Niall Seery, Athlone Institute of Technology; Arnold Neville Pears, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

for the academic year 2017/18, withapproximately 125,000 students in Year 1. Considering the impending increase, taking 125, 000as the population size, a sample size of 383 is needed to achieve a 95% confidence level with a5% confidence interval. Data collection in the project reported on in this paper is currently stillongoing with the aim of collecting data from 400 Irish 3rd Year students and 400 Swedish Year 9students. The results reported in this paper reflect the current stage of data collection (ntotal = 513)and come from five random Irish schools and five random Swedish schools. Participants fromIreland (nIreland = 302) had a mean age of 14.63 (SD = 0.54) and comprised of 136 males, 149females, 9 participants who identified as other

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kimberly Stillmaker P.E., California State University, Fresno; Lalita G Oka, California State University, Fresno; Jesus Gutierrez Plascencia; Cindy Charlott Schwartz-Doyle, California State University, Fresno; Katherine Lor, California State University, Fresno

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

students to be mentored towards pursuing graduate degrees. The remainder of thepaper will discuss respondent demographics and present comparisons and analyses based ongender identities of the surveyed students in the California State University, Fresno. Note that inthe year the survey was conducted, California State University, Fresno graduated 33 femaleengineering undergraduate students and employed 5 female tenured/tenure track faculty,reflecting a ratio essentially the same as the national ratio.Respondent demographics and survey response ratesOver the course of the 2018 - 2019 academic year, students of all genders enrolled in sixteendifferent departments from four colleges across California State University, Fresno and graduatesof these

Conference Session

Perceptions of Women's Success in STEM

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Litzler, University of Washington; Catherine Claiborne, University of Washington; Suzanne G. Brainard, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

discusses the factors which have an effect oninstitutionalization.Factors Associated with InstitutionalizationIn the literature four main themes often show up in definitions of institutionalization. These arevalue, leadership, stability, and diffusion. These four themes are discussed in detail below. Theauthors use these definitions in the literature to compile four important factors associated withinstitutionalization.In a classic work by Selznick34, he defined institutionalize as “to infuse with value”. He alsowrote that when organizations are institutionalized this means that they are established andconsidered valuable. Institutionalization then reflects the values of those who are part of theorganization, and results in the need to continue the

Conference Session

Climate Issues for Women Students

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiang-Yun Du, Aalborg University; Anette Kolmos, Aalborg University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

2000, pp345-359.12. Kanter, R. M. (1993), (2nd edition) Men and Women of the Corporation. Basic Books, Now York.13. Kolmos, A. (1996), Reflection on Project Work and Problem-based Learning. European Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 21, No.2.14. Kolmos, A. (1992), Metacognitive Aspects in A Group-based Project Work at Technical Universities, Contributions GASAT, the Netherlands.15. Kolmos, A.. (1989), Køn og viden i ingeniøruddannelsen, Institut for samfundsudvikling og planlægning. Skriftserie nr. 28, AUC. PhD-afhandling, 195 sider.16. Kolmos, A., Fink, F, and Krogh, L. (2004), (eds) The Aalborg PBL Model – Progress, Diversity and Challenges, Aalborg University Press17. Kolmos, A. og Rasmussen, P.(1994), De studerendes

Conference Session

Effective Methods for Recruiting Women to Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Manjusha Saraswathiamma, North Dakota State University; Kathy Enger, North Dakota State University; Canan Bilen-Green, North Dakota State University; Achinthya Bazebaruah, North Dakota State University; Bruce Schumacher, North Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

decision to study engineering. Anothersource of motivation was family support, followed by: mentors, teachers, role models, andfriends. The third most important influence was a desire to help people or community.However, upon further reflection, this translated into personality and personal passion.Opportunity to work was another significant factor. Females often entered the field afterlearning of the employment opportunities available to engineers. Financial security or jobsecurity ranked as average factors. Intrinsic motivators and self-confidence were of minorimportance to these females. Some females found inspiration in religious beliefs, and otherscited communication skill along with planning and hands-on work as factors influencing

Conference Session

Retaining Women Engineering Students

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Litzler, University of Washington; Stephanie Jaros, University of Washington; Suzanne Brainard, University of Washington; Susan Metz, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Americans and Whites. There are no gender differences inconfidence among African Americans. In addition, the results show race differences inconfidence among men; African American men report less confidence in their engineeringabilities than White men.In addition, this study also contributes to the knowledge base the finding that there are morerace/ethnicity differences among women than among men, specifically regarding professor-student interaction and student-student interaction. The expression “double bind” is usedparticularly for women of color in that they face two barriers in science and engineering, as awoman and as a minority. The finding that they feel they face greater bias from professors andfellow students is a reflection of the “double

Conference Session

ADVANCE and Related Faculty Issues

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen L. Kitto, Western Washington University; Sue Guenter-Schlesinger, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Western, whileabout 80% of male tenure track faculty chose work-life balance and teaching/research balance asstrong motivations. It was interesting that the most important considerations for TT faculty weredifferent than those for tenured faculty, and those expectations differed more by gender fortenured faculty. We speculate that these differences may also reflect the changing nature ofcomprehensive institutions. Across all ranks, the opportunities for collaboration seemed moreimportant to women considering careers at comprehensive institutions.  We also surveyed faculty regarding the distribution of time faculty allocated to teaching,research, and service. While TT males report nearly 67% of their time was allocated to teachingactivities, all

Conference Session

ADVANCE and Related Faculty Issues

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carol E. Marchetti, Rochester Institute of Technology; Margaret B. Bailey, Rochester Institute of Technology; Stefi Alison Baum, Rochester Institute of Technology; Sharon Patricia Mason, Rochester Institute of Technology; Maureen S. Valentine, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

represented across ethnic, social, and cultural backgrounds, byremoving barriers to resources that support career success and creating new interventions andresources. Implementation of this strategy is being staged and the speed and extent of roll-outdepends significantly on availability of resources. Page 25.1032.15AcknowledgementSupport for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation ADVANCEInstitutional Transformation Catalyst (IT-Catalyst) program under Award No. 0811076. Anyopinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those ofthe author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the

Conference Session

Institutional Transformations

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen J. Horton PE, University of Maine; Amy Fried, University of Maine ; Mary Madden, University of Maine

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

to initiate administrative structures and processes, and support early efforts. Thepermanent Director hired had been a faculty member at the institution and the internal evaluatorfor the initiative. In her role as evaluator she had attended several AIC meetings and observedthe dynamics and process. Upon assuming the role of Director, she advocated for changes in theAIC with the goal of creating more input and ownership into institutional changes targeted by theADVANCE grant.The second year and the AICAdditional changes in the AIC’s operations grew out of the core team’s reflections on the firstyear of the grant and the feedback offered by the external evaluator after a campus visit near theend of year one. The external evaluator made two key

Conference Session

WIED: Medley

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jane L. Lehr, California Polytechnic State University; Helene Finger P.E., California Polytechnic State University; Alana Christine Snelling

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

, there are“marked differences in the responses of boys and girls” in topic interest. For example, “girls’priorities lie with topics related to the self and, more particularly, to health, mind and well-being.The responses of the boys reflect strong interests in destructive technologies and events.”14 Theseand similar findings, as well as research in the history, philosophy, and sociology of science,have suggested the existence of “epistemic differences between men and women from theirstandpoint in life” and that these differences provide “differential interaction with the nature ofscience, and hence their participation in the field.”15In response, some researchers and educators in this area call for re-evaluation of the “values andstandards of

Conference Session

WIED: Strategies Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerry Meyers, Youngstown State University; Leo H. McWilliams, University of Notre Dame; Catherine F. Pieronek, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

found thatpersistence rates and levels of engagement varied significantly from institution to institution.They also reported that engineering students have the same level of engagement as students inother majors and, despite heavier course loads, reported levels of satisfaction with the collegeexperience and involvement with campus organizations and volunteer work at levels similar tostudents in other majors. One notable difference reported by engineering students in that study;however, was that those students rated themselves lowest in terms of personal and socialdevelopment, as well as in regard to reflective and integrative learning, when compared to theirpeers in other majors. The authors of that study speculated that this perceived lower

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rohini N. Abhyankar, Arizona State University; Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

haveunderscored the importance of individual-level psychological variables to diversity dynamics inorganizations as well [24].Such attitudes reflect individuals’ impressions and beliefs about people, objects, or issues [25]and are often deeply ingrained during early life and last throughout adulthood [26]. Connectingemployees’ attitudes about diversity to their prior socialization, Roberson et al. [22] state that,“[E]mployees not only bring their personal experiences with them but generational and historicalexperiences from their families and social groups” (p. 495). The attitudes that are more popularor carry more weight at a certain level, such as a nation, organization, or workgroup, thenbecomes that shared culture at that level [27], a phenomenon

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 10

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Johanna Naukkarinen, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT; Susanna Bairoh, TEK (Academic Engineers and Architects in Finland); Sanna Putila, TEK (Academic Engineers and Architects in Finland)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

men opt for technology [1]. Within different fields, thesegregation shows as differences in occupations, wages, and career paths. Research hasshown that the careers of women and men diverge upon labor market entry and continue todiverge along the career [2]. Much of the divergence reflects the horizontal segregation ineducational choices, but also the career paths of women and men with the same educationalbackground differ in many respects. This vertical segregation has not been studiedextensively in Finland. Understanding the gender differences is necessary to design effectivemeasures to reduce the vertical segregation and promote equality in the engineeringprofession.Horizontal and vertical gender segregationAll over the world, women and

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kathrine Ehrlich-Scheffer, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

college consistently ranked at the bottom of student concerns across everyyear and engineering major. We also needed a better understanding of how the studentsexperienced the program structure of our women in engineering program and if it could beimproved to better reflect the needs of this new student cohort. Finally, we wanted to know howprevalent these declining engagement trends were on campus and what, if any, steps could betaken to improve them. This paper focuses on focus groups held with undergraduate women inengineering students, and contextual interviews held with other campus programs, clubs andorganizations. First, we present a summary of what we learned about this new cohort of studentsas well as the key survey findings that informed

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Victoria Beth Sellers, University of Florida; Idalis Villanueva, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

departments.AcknowledgmentsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) No.EEC-1653140 and 2123016 given to the second author. Any opinions, findings, and conclusionsor recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect those of the NSF. Wewant to give a special thanks to the institutional liaisons, Dr. Hector Cruzado, Dr. Sindia Rivera-Jimenez, Dr. Heather Shipley, Dr. Kimberly Cook-Chennault, and Dr. Paul Barr who assisted uswith collecting participant data in the first stage of sampling. We also want to thank theparticipants for sharing their experiences with us and the readers of this work.References[1] National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, “Women, Minorities, and Persons with

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Dawn M. Maynen, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

for women in science expanded but gendersegregation still existed. In the nineteenth century, women participated in aspects of science butmainly engaged in data-gathering rather than idea-creation [26] and were largely invisible andconcentrated in nurturing career tracks [39]. Prior to the 20th century and beyond, womensupported science but not pioneers in the field; reflective of the patriarchal society they lived in.Commonly known as biological determinism, the physical, psychological, and intellectual natureof women prohibited them from producing great science [38]. The Nineteenth and earlyTwentieth centuries posited if women were incorporated into scientific employment, they weresegregated in it with stereotypes of appropriate sex roles