Conference Session

Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma in Manufacturing Education 2

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. Brian Thomas, Cleveland State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

AC 2008-584: LABORATORY EXERCISES FOR TEACHING LEAN ENTERPRISEM. Brian Thomas, Cleveland State University Page 13.834.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 LABORATORY EXERCISES FOR TEACHING LEAN ENTERPRISEIntroduction to Lean EnterpriseLean Enterprise is a corporate philosophy and culture, having its focus on providing andincreasing the value delivered to the customer. It pursues this goal through a continuous processof identifying and eliminating waste and non-value-added activities, improving product flowthrough the enterprise, and pursuing perfection in the final good or service sold to the customer1.While Lean Enterprise

Conference Session

New Ideas for ChEs I (aka ChE Potpourri)

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Kelly, Oregon State University; Edith Gummer, Northwest Regional Education Laboratory; Philip Harding, Oregon State University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Laboratory Edith Gummer is the Director of the Classroom-Focused Research and Evaluation Program for the Center for Classroom Teaching and Learning at the Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. She coordinated the structure of the research design and the data collection and analysis processes of the project. She has been faculty in science and mathematics education quantitative and qualitative research design courses at the doctoral level. She has been involved in the development of innovative mathematics curricular activities and formative assessment in mathematics problem solving.Philip Harding, Oregon State University Philip Harding holds the Linus Pauling Chair in the School of

Conference Session

Experiments and Laboratories in Mechanical Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Priya Manohar, Robert Morris University; Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University; Zbigniew Czajkiewicz, Robert Morris University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

consulting experience includes work in England, Kazakhstan, Germany, USA and Poland. Page 13.942.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 On-line Games and Simulation Tools for Teaching Manufacturing Engineering LaboratoryOne of the main expectations of modern students is that their instructors employ contemporaryteaching tools that are user-friendly, fast, colorful, multitasking, efficient and interactive. Inresponse to these changing student needs, both the laboratory content and the delivery methodsare being modified over the past three years for almost all engineering courses at Robert

Conference Session

Focus on IE Principles and Techniques

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arun Nambiar, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez; Dale Masel, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

AC 2008-2680: TEACHING CONCEPTS OF LEAN MANUFACTURINGTHROUGH A HANDS-ON LABORATORY COURSEArun Nambiar, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Arun received his Bachelor's Degree in Mechanical Engineering from Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India in 1997 and Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering from Ohio University, Athens, OH in 2004. He went on to receive his Doctoral Degree in Integrated Engineering (with an Industrial Engineering concentration) from Ohio University, Athens, OH in 2007. His research interests include production, planning and control of manufacturing systems, application of lean principles, study of discrete-event systems and cost estimation for various

Collection

2008 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Constantin Ciocanel; Mohammad Elahinia

Teaching Engineering Laboratories Based On A Problem Solving Approach Constantin Ciocanel Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ Mohammad Elahinia University of Toledo, Toledo, OHAbstractThis paper presents the redevelopment method and process of the laboratory experiments for theMechanics and Vibration Laboratory, MIME3390, in the Mechanical, Industrial, andManufacturing Engineering Department at the University of Toledo. The redevelopmentobjective was to transform the learning process from a subject-based learning to a problem-solving learning. Particular objective was to provide

Collection

2008 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

J. Moore; M.A. Thornton; R.W. Skeith

Teaching a Laboratory Intensive Class in a Distance Education Mode J. Moore*, M.A. Thornton*, and R.W. Skeith** Southern Methodist University*, University of Arkansas**AbstractA unique set of obstacles occur when administering a distance education class that has asignificant laboratory component. A class in Digital Systems Design targeting fourth-year andintroductory graduate students that is offered both in conventional and distance education modesis described. Because the course is design oriented, students must engage in several designprojects that would ordinarily be carried out in a laboratory to satisfactorily achieve the courselearning outcomes

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Teaching Part Two

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephan Durham, University of Colorado at Denver; Micah Hale, University of Arkansas; Seamus Freyne, Manhattan College

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

AC 2008-2564: CLASSROOM TEACHING AIDS AND LABORATORYEXPERIMENTATION TO ENGAGE STUDENTS IN MATERIALS LEARNINGStephan Durham, University of Colorado at DenverMicah Hale, University of ArkansasSeamus Freyne, Manhattan College Page 13.296.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Classroom Teaching Aids and Laboratory Experimentation to Engage Students in Materials LearningAbstractMost civil engineering programs require one course in materials and materials testing. Thesecourses are designed to provide students with general knowledge of the production, properties,and behavior of common structural materials. Emphasis is often placed on the

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Laboratory Systems

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joe Bradshaw, U.S. Naval Academy; Jack Nicholson, U.S. Naval Academy

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2008-755: THE INERTIAL NAVIGATION UNIT: TEACHING NAVIGATIONPRINCIPLES USING A CUSTOM DESIGNED SENSOR PACKAGEJoe Bradshaw, U.S. Naval Academy Electronics Technician at the US Naval Academy for the Weapons and Systems Engineering Department for 7 years. Design special hardware and develop software for projects and labs.Jack Nicholson, U.S. Naval Academy Page 13.1241.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 The Inertial Navigation Unit: Teaching Navigation Principles using a Custom Designed Sensor PackageAbstractThis paper describes the application

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Hoffbeck, University of Portland

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. Page 13.1351.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Using Real RF Signals Such as FM Radio to Teach Concepts in Communication SystemsAbstractThe theory of communication systems can be made more concrete and interesting by using real-world signals to illustrate the various theoretical concepts. The FM radio signal is, in manyways, an ideal signal to illustrate many of the concepts that are taught in communication systemcourses. This radio frequency (RF) signal is readily available in most populated areas, thestudents are familiar with the signal, and most FM stations broadcast both analog audio signalsand digital Radio Data System (RDS) signals which can be used to illustrate digital

Conference Session

Improving the Teaching Skills of Graduate Students

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lingtao Zhang, Western Carolina University; Robert Adams, Western Carolina University; James Zhang, Western Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

AC 2008-1298: GRADUATE LEARNING THROUGH TEACHING: DESIGN OF ADSSS SYSTEM FOR UNDERGRADUATE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSLABORATORYLingtao Zhang, Western Carolina UniversityRobert Adams, Western Carolina UniversityJames Zhang, Western Carolina University Page 13.652.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Graduate Learning through Teaching: Design of a DSSS System for Undergraduate Wireless Communications Laboratory Lingtao Zhang, Robert Adams, and James Z. Zhang Department of Engineering and Technology, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723AbstractOver the past few years, wireless communications technology

Conference Session

Measuring Success of Graduate Program Components

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan McNeill, Purdue University; Monica Cox, Purdue University; Heidi Diefes-Dux, Purdue University; Tenille Medley, Purdue University; Jeremi Hayes, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

providepedagogical feedback to engineering laboratory graduate teaching assistants. The project beganwith use of the VaNTH Observation System, a direct observation instrument which providesfeedback about the extent to which an instructor’s interactions with students fit within thedimensions of the “How People Learn” framework, a model of effective teaching and learning aspresented in the National Research Council monograph, How People Learn: Brain, Mind,Experience, and School. Preliminary findings revealed challenges to the use of this instrument ina first-year engineering laboratory course taught by graduate teaching assistants. To provideinformation for the adaptation of this instrument for use in the laboratory environment and to aidin developing new

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vladimir Genis, Drexel University; Michael Zagorski, Drexel University

horizons.7,8,9 This facility will allow all AET students at Drexel,as well as students at remote locations, to be involved in the same educational and trainingprocess in NDT. By expanding training opportunities to students who might not otherwise takeadvantage of them, due to distance and time, this facility helps reduce the shortage of trainedspecialists in NDT field. Key factors in the development process include creation of theeducational laboratory that can significantly contribute to the development of technologicallyliterate students and workforce that will be in great demand not only in the tri-state area but alsonationwide. The fully-interactive videoconference teaching course in NDT was designed forundergraduate AET students and may also

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Controls Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Brach, University of the District of Columbia; Ahmet Zeytinci, University of the District of Columbia

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

and Aerospace Technology at UDC. He is a Past President of DCSPE and is currently the Director of the Civil Engineering Program and the Chairman of the Professional Engineers in Higher Education (PEHE) of DCSPE. Over 30 years of teaching and engineering practice in Europe, Japan and the US. Page 13.1252.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 THE PEDAGOGY OF THE SURVEYING LABORATORY Abstract Surveying and surveying laboratory (field work) fifty years ago were standard fair for most engineering programs in all disciplines. Today, in the 21st Century, surveying is no longer an

Collection

2008 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

David J. Palazzo; Chad C. Schools

to these cadets in the spring semester. Completion of bothsemesters of introductory physics is a graduation requirement. Cadets are grouped into classes of nomore than 16 cadets per section and typically an instructor will teach four sections. Eight laboratoryexperiments are conducted each semester in support of the lecture curriculum. Instructors have many tools available to exploit their small class size in an effort to create aninteractive environment. Every classroom has a personal response systems, a full suite of Pascodemonstration equipment and sensors, a desktop and tablet computer, and a classroom video camera.Associated with each of the 18 core physics classrooms is a separate physics laboratory with fiveindependent stations

Collection

2008 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

David J. Palazzo; Chad C. Schools

to these cadets in the spring semester. Completion of bothsemesters of introductory physics is a graduation requirement. Cadets are grouped into classes of nomore than 16 cadets per section and typically an instructor will teach four sections. Eight laboratoryexperiments are conducted each semester in support of the lecture curriculum. Instructors have many tools available to exploit their small class size in an effort to create aninteractive environment. Every classroom has a personal response systems, a full suite of Pascodemonstration equipment and sensors, a desktop and tablet computer, and a classroom video camera.Associated with each of the 18 core physics classrooms is a separate physics laboratory with fiveindependent stations

Conference Session

DELOS Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Parker, University of Wisconsin-Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2008-1600: A WRITING-INTENSIVE FLUID MECHANICS LABORATORYPhilip Parker, University of Wisconsin-Platteville Page 13.134.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008A Writing-Intensive Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Philip J. Parker University of Wisconsin-Platteville Page 13.134.2BackgroundCE330, Fluid Mechanics, is required of all Civil and Environmental Engineering students at theUniversity of Wisconsin-Platteville. This four credit class consists of three 1-hour lectures andone 2-hour laboratory each week. Approximately 40 students enroll in the course each semester.When I teach the course, my

Conference Session

BME Laboratories and Skills-Based Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shahin Sirouspour, McMaster University; Pawel Malysz, McMaster University; Ali Shahdi, McMaster University; Ryan Leslie, Quanser Inc; Mahyar Fotoohi, Quanser Inc; Paul Karam, Quanser Inc

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

skills in robotics, control systems, instrumentation and real-time computing using astate-of-the-art technology. The proposed experimental platform can also be used in a traditionalrobotics or control systems course.3. AssessmentThe students are required to conduct the experiments in groups of two under the supervision of Page 13.881.3the course teaching assistants. Pre-laboratory assignments are used to familiarize the studentswith concepts behind each experiment. During the labs, instead of following a set of predefinedsteps, the students develop their control system from scratch based on the problem requirementsand often undergo a few

Conference Session

Metrology Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Georgia Harris, National Institute of Standards & Technology; Christopher Grachanen, Hewlett Packard Company

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

is expected in an upcoming issue of theMetrologist. Metrology Ambassadors have identified resources that would be useful inclassrooms. At this time, they are sharing ideas and taking equipment that they each think willbe interesting to students. Experience in the United Kingdom has been successful. However,NCSLI has not had enough experience with providing resources to know what measuringstandards and instruments would be best to include in kits.Virtual Physical Laboratory. In the absence of a laboratory or hands-on kits and resources,teachers are at a disadvantage in teaching such subjects as physics, engineering, and othermeasurement-related disciplines. One of our colleagues in the United Kingdom spent timeteaching Physics in India and

Conference Session

Metrology Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Lapinskes, Sypris Test & Measurement Inc

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Metrologists in industry has not declined over the years in sync with the availabilityof trained technicians. Contrarily, it has grown at an alarming rate, with needs for Metrologistsin calibration laboratories, pharmaceuticals, government labs, research and development,aerospace, state weights and measures, and a host of other positions. The gap between education/ training and demand has become a major focus throughout the metrology community. The shiftfrom military schooling to the private sector has been a rough road with few successes and manyfailures. The reasons vary but common ground seems to be shared between the expense of start-up and operating a metrology course and obtaining suitable attendance numbers.The general lack of knowing the term

Conference Session

Metrology Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas Sugg, Navy; John Fishell, STEP

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

outreach activityto strengthen the metrology profession. The Navy Metrology Engineering Center andMeasurement Science and Technology Laboratory are located at the Naval Surface WarfareCenter, Corona, CA. Since narrowly surviving the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC)round, the Center needed a long term strategic approach to providing a pipeline of engineers toreplace those lost during the BRAC process and a plan to replace the mass of baby boomersapproaching retirement in the next 15 to 20 years. The Center developed a proactive approach tomaintaining a pipeline of engineers that involved numerous outreach activities into the universityand college systems and into local high schools that helped solve more immediate needs.However, it became

Conference Session

Mobile Robots in Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Barrett, University of Wyoming; Chad Hager, University of Wyoming; Mike Yurkoski, University of Wyoming; Robert Lewis, University of Wyoming; Matthew Jespersen, University of Wyoming; Zachary Ruble, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Freescale S12 microcontroller based teaching robot, and a Verilog HDL basedrobot. We will also review the lessons learned in such a venture and potential challenges.We then focus on the most recent student developed laboratory equipment – a FreescaleS12 based laboratory trainer. BackgroundEngineering departments are often faced with the need to update laboratory exercises andequipment without adequate funds to do so. Another challenge faced by departments aresatisfying Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) EngineeringAccreditation Commission (EAC) criteria for a major capstone design experience withinthe curriculum. ABET Criterion 4. Professional Component guidelines state, “Studentsmust be

Conference Session

Innovations in ME Laboratory Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Shaw, Geneva College

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

AC 2008-2436: ENHANCING THE LABORATORY EXPERIENCE USING PEEREVALUATION OF GROUP LABORATORY REPORTS IN A FLUID MECHANICSCOURSEDavid Shaw, Geneva College David W. Shaw is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Geneva College. He received his B.S.M.E. in 1983 from Geneva College and his M.S. (1986) and Ph.D. (1988) from the Ohio State University. His research interests include measurement and modeling of thermal properties of materials and teaching the design process in undergraduate engineering classes. He has developed courses and laboratories in heat transfer, fluid mechanics, instrumentation, and freshman design. He has been active in sponsoring student teams in competitions such as Solar

Conference Session

Challenges of CE Education in a Global World

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Hanson, California Polytechnic State University; Senro Kuraoka, Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

conducting tests in a conventional laboratory session.Cross-cultural discussions at a professional level provided appreciation for standardized testingmethods, the importance of research in civil engineering practice, and differences in approachingdesign problems in different countries. Reports submitted to an external client providedincentive for strong student performance. The new teaching methodologies described in thispaper (global video-conferencing with an overseas practitioner and development of laboratoryassignments as short films) are well suited for teaching softer aspects of the BOK related todevelopment of broad communication skills and providing global context for engineeringproblems. Experiences, challenges, and opportunities

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ian Papautsky, University of Cincinnati; Cathy Maltbie, University of Cincinnati; David Eddington, University of Illinois at Chicago; Ali Asgar Bhagat, University of Cincinnati; Hugo Caicedo, University of Illinois at Chicago

AC 2008-1373: INTRODUCING MICROFLUIDICS THROUGH APROBLEM-BASED LABORATORY COURSEIan Papautsky, University of Cincinnati Dr. Ian Papautsky earned his Ph.D. in bioengineering from the University of Utah in 1999. He is currently a tenured Associate Professor of in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Cincinnati. His research and teaching interests include application of microfluidics and nanotechnology to biology and medicine.Cathy Maltbie, University of Cincinnati Dr. Catherine Maltbie earned her B.S. in Chemical Engineering and Ed.D. in Educational Studies (cognitive and social aspects of instruction). She is a Research Associate at the Evaluation

Conference Session

LabVIEW and Mindstorms Based Experiments

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suxia Cui, Prairie View A&M University; Yonghui Wang, Prairie View A&M University; Yongpeng Zhang, Prairie View A&M University; Cajetan Akujuobi, Prairie View A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

-requisite of each other. Students must pass both courses to go to thenext level. In another word, laboratory skill enhancement is a crucial part in ET education. Butthe current existing problem we are facing is that for each lab course, there is a set aloneequipment. We don’t have a platform that can teach students different applications of theknowledge they obtained from different level of courses. This obstacle greatly hinders theprofessional development of technology students, because they need more hands-on experimentsthan traditional engineering students.In order to better fulfill its departmental primary purpose to prepare students for a successfulcareer in engineering technology and related fields, Engineering Technology Departmentproposed

Conference Session

Modern Software Measurement Techniques

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rafic Bachnak, Texas A&M International University; Ramya Chakinarapu, Texas A&M Corpus Christi

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

, mixed-signal simulation and design, system modeling and algorithmdevelopment, digital design methods, interfacing, and the use of microcontrollers asbasic building blocks in data acquisition and control applications. The rest of this paperbriefly describes the laboratory equipment, discusses the experiments that weredeveloped to support teaching a microcontroller course, and describes a recentlycompleted graduate research project.Laboratory EquipmentComputers, logic analyzers, development boards, and software form a basic set of toolsrequired to teach advanced digital design techniques and microprocessor-based systems.In addition, electronic instruments such as power supplies, function generators, digitalmultimeters, and oscilloscopes must be

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Laboratory Systems

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nabil Lehlou, University of Arkansas; Nebil Buyurgan, University of Arkansas; Justin Chimka, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

is used to host the GUI agent can be extended toinclude articles, tutorials, discussion boards, and teaching modules about the target technology.At the end, the constructed system provides an online laboratory learning environment fortechnologies in general, and RFID in particular.References1. C. Thompson, “Everything is Alive,” Architectural Perspectives Column, IEEE InternetComputing, Jan/Feb 2004.2. “Internet of Things,” ITU, http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/publications/internetofthings/InternetofThings_summary.pdf Page 13.169.7

Conference Session

Innovations in Computer Engineering Technology Curriculum

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xuemin Chen, Texas Southern University; David Olowokere, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Graham Thomas, Texas Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Computer based learning has become an important part of education. The Internet(Website) has become a widespread tool for teaching and learning. The Website enables moreflexible delivery (anytime), distance education (anyplace), new visualization possibilities(interactivity), and cost reduction. One of the very successful virtual laboratories is the iLabdeveloped by MIT18, 19. The web-based laboratories are impossible to totally replace thetraditional laboratories. But its relatively low cost, flexibility, and remote accessibility willdramatically improve the teaching and learning capability. The resistor color code lab is the first Page

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

X. Chang Li, Lamar University; Kendrick Aung, Lamar University; Jiang Zhou, Lamar University; Xuejun Fan, Lamar University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

thermodynamics classroom teaching,” ASEE Annual Conference Anaheim, CA, Jun. 25-28, 199513 Rothberg, G. and Boytchev, P., “SoftLab virtual laboratory environment. Thermodynamics examples,” Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, Honolulu, HI, Jun. 24-27, 200714 Falconer, J. L., “Use of conceptests and instant feedback in thermodynamics,” Chemical Engineering Education, v. 38, pp. 64-67, 200415 John Dartnall, W. and Reizes, J., “A novel approach to the teaching of thermodynamic cycles and the laws of thermodynamics,” ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Orlando, FL, Nov. 5-11, 200516 Foley, A., “Applying the “catch all” general control volume and the Reynolds transport equation to improve

Conference Session

Issues in the Professional Practice of Faculty Members in Civil Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Allen Estes, California Polytechnic State University; Ronald Welch, The University of Texas-Tyler; Stephen Ressler, United States Military Academy; Norman Dennis, University of Arkansas; Debra Larson, Northern Arizona University; Carol Considine, Old Dominion University; Tonya Nilsson, San Jose State; Jim O'Brien, American Society of Civil Engineers; Thomas Lenox, American Society of Civil Engineers

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

universities.Currently, the registration fee is $425 per participant and the university pays the travels costs fortheir participants. ASCE still heavily subsidizes the workshop by awarding $2300 fellowships toeach participant to cover the remaining ETW costs.IV. Workshop ContentThe schedule for the 2005 USMA five-day workshop is shown in Figure 1 and is representativeof all the other workshops. The workshop activities can be sub-classified into seminars,demonstration classes, laboratory exercises, and social events.Seminars: The course schedule for the 2005 ETW contained 12 Seminars which varied incontent and were designed to provide theoretical background, teaching hints, organizationalstructure, and communication techniques. All 24 participants (6 teams) are