Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Terri Estkowski; Mary Ann Bowman; Liwana Bringelson

experiences of women engineering faculty: A study. Unpublished. Kalamazoo, MI: WMU.[5] Bowen, D. D. Were men meant to mentor women? Training and Development Journal 24(2): 30-34.[6] Hall, R. M. & Sandler, B. R. (1983). Academic mentoring for women students and faculty: A new look at an old way to get ahead. Washington, D.C.: Project on the Status and Education of Women, Association of American Colleges.[7] Jacobi, M. (1991). Mentoring and undergraduate academic success: A literature review. Review of Educational Research, 61(4), 505-532. Biographical InformationTerri Estkowski received her B.S in Paper Engineering from Western Michigan University in 1995. Employed bythe Fort

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Tina Harkin; Pam Lowry

48238AbstractThis paper will describe in detail three self-paced University level Mathematics courses initiallydeveloped at Focus:HOPE for the Greenfield Coalition. These courses have been delivered atFocus:HOPE which is the location of a new engineering paradigm in engineering education.This paradigm is a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded project called the GreenfieldCoalition and the academic delivery is through computer-based instruction and self-pacedlearning activities.The courses have been offered individually as a self-paced learning experience and morerecently, all three together in a “one-room schoolhouse” concept. The purpose of the “one-roomschoolhouse” is to provide help to those individuals who have problems with some of thecontent. The

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Alexander D. Poularikas

national survey will be conducted to find out what is the average form of instruction in the new areas of optoelectronics.2. Development of the appropriate text material of optoelectronics to be embedded in the different courses, as mentioned above.3. Develop optical experiments for demonstration purposes.4. Develop optical experiments for students who are interested to satisfy their senior project in the area of optoelectronics.5. Assemble videos, software and other pedagogical material that will enhance students’ understanding of the physical phenomena and concepts that he/she is exposed.6. ConclusionsThe embedded method approach will alleviate the problem of almost regularly having tointroduce new courses into the EE curriculum and at

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Stephanie Goldberg

with other departments shall be made in advance to reserve the required seatingfor these students to insure that they take their required courses together. Preliminary contactswith other departments indicate overall support for the project. Individual professors will beencouraged to support the efforts especially in regard to their office hour with the group. Variousreading materials will be given to these professors regarding issues in the technical education ofwomen. If funding permits, these faculty members will be compensated for their additionaloffice hour. Hopefully they will look positively at the experience of the recitation. It will besomething new for them as well.The heart of the plan is the daily recitation period where the group

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Leonard Sokoloff

circuits aregenerally very costly to design and build. If a circuit has to be modified, it must be tornapart and rewired, thus making modifications very costly.This application is part of an effort at DeVry to include into the curriculum importanttechnologies such as the virtual instrumentation and the programmable logic controllers.The PLC Stepper Motor Controller is one of several projects that are being added to theupper trimester laboratory. Page 3.447.1 1 Stepper Motor OperationThe shaft of a stepper motor rotates one step at a time. This type of motion is called adiscrete motion. The step angle is determined

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Kenneth Miller; Jeffrey Morehouse; Edward Young; David Rocheleau; Jed S. Lyons

and power efficiencies/improvements, mechanism design, drivercontrols and safety issues. Page 3.40.5 5 Trends in Mechanical Engineering 2266BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATIONJED LYONS is an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at USC. He teaches engineering materials,manufacturing processes and mechanical design. Recent research areas include high temperature crack growth insuperalloys and viscoelastic behavior of thermoplastics. Educational projects include developing

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

S. D'Souza; N.W. Scott; B.J. Stone

input and response commerce degree and an honours engineering degree. He is currently working on a project aimed at improvingIt is also possible knowing k 2 / k1 , ω1 and ω 2 and using student performance in exams, and also completing a Masters in Finance degree at UWA.equation (4) to predict the steady state response. By choosinga steady sinusoidal input the response at discrete frequencies N.W. Scottmay be checked

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Cameron Wright; Thad Welch

particular DSP concept describedin this paper is an interactive demonstration showing how quantization of digital filtercoefficients, which is inevitable with widely-used fixed-point DSP hardware, adversely affectsfilter performance.INTRODUCTIONModern software tools such as MATLAB greatly facilitate the professor's ability to demonstratethe concepts of digital signal processing (DSP) in class, and to assign realistic projects toreinforce these concepts.1–3 An increasing number of DSP textbooks are becoming availablewhich take advantage of this ability,4–8 and a growing trend is for DSP concepts to be introducedearlier in the curriculum.9 MATLAB is an excellent learning tool when used for DSP education inthis way. It enables an easier transition for

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Vito A. Guido; Jameel Ahmad

spent under this grant to purchase the equipment necessary to perform all the SHRP tests thatsatisfy Superpave criteria, except those tests for the performance evaluation of the mix. Theequipment necessary to perform these tests is being sought after in a NSF equipment grant proposalsubmitted in November 1997. In Table I can be found a summary of the major equipment itemspurchased and their manufacturers. In addition to the $98,000.00 spent by Cooper Union, a majorcommitment to this project was made by completely renovating an under-utilized space andconverting it into the new asphalt laboratory. Included in this renovation was the installation of thenecessary number of fume hoods to perform all testing in a non-hazardous

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Thomas K. Jewell

past. Thetrend seems to be for teams to come in on Sunday afternoon and start looking at the materials.They have to spend enough time to adequately assess design content and attainment of programobjectives. Our visitor asked virtually no questions on how we met our program objectives. He didcomment on the high quality of our Volume 2 Self-study. So, he may not have had any questionsbecause of the quality of our report and the strength of the assessment/feedback system.However, I think it is more a result of lack of experience with the new criteria. Even though all ofour visitors were experienced program evaluators, they were fairly new to theassessment/feedback process. As with any pilot project, they were learning from us at the

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Do Ba Khe; Ngo Dinh Thinh

university in the reorganization plan of the national system of highereducation. Three years ago, Canada promised to help establish two community collegesin North Vietnam; however, to date there is no concrete formulation of the project. SomeAmerican educators have made visits and given talks about community colleges under thesponsorship of the Vietnamese Ministry of Education and training. Since 1996, theNetherlands, upon recommendations by a team of educators from Vietnam, developedsix community colleges; three in the south, two in the north and one in the center ofVietnam. The status of these reborn community colleges is greatly enhanced by thearticulation with the university through the entrance examinations and cooperative

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Ronald D. Earley

analysis concept may be extended by the introduction of the triangular plane stress element. The introduction of this element should be timed to coincide with lecture discussions of plane stress. To help students gain additional appreciation for the increased complexity of the triangular plane stresses element the element stiffness matrix may be introduced. Emphasis should be placed on the necessity of computer program application.11. Tutorial examples of the computer software may be provided to the students so plane stress structural models and analyses may be performed.12. Students within the academic model program gain further use of the computer FEA software within a capstone design project

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 6

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea (Lili) Lidia Castillo, Arizona State University; Dina Verdin, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

, paying particular attention to the time perspective they situated their responses.Methodology and MethodsThis study used mixed methods to answer our research question. A mixed methods research studyintegrates qualitative and quantitative approaches to obtain breadth and depth [25]. We collectedquantitative and qualitative data from engineering students at one Hispanic-Serving Institution(HSI) in the Southwest, who were enrolled in Statics, Strength of Materials, and EmbeddedSystems courses. The three courses were selected as part of a larger project to decrease the highDFW rate, or rate at which students fail or withdraw from a course, by restructuring the curriculuminto mastery-based grading [26]. However, the data presented in this paper is

Conference Session

DSA Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sami Khorbotly, Valparaiso University; Daniel White, Valparaiso University

Tagged Topics

Data Science & Analytics Constituent Committee (DSA)

of studies exploring factors of effective teaching,” Teaching and Teacher Education, vol. 36, 2013, pp. 143-152.[9] B. Trammell, & R. Aldrich, “Undergraduate Students’ Perspectives of Essential Instructor Qualities,” Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, vol. 16. 2016.[10] https://pypi.org/project/PuLP/

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mayrismir Cordero, MPA, Palo Alto College; Anna Tanguma-Gallegos PhD(c), Arizona State University ; Caroline Vaningen-Dunn, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

Paper ID #42823Apoyando y Modificando el Curr´ıculo: Supporting our Next Generation LatinxSTEM StudentsMayrismir Cordero, MPA, Palo Alto College Mayrismir Cordero obtained her Master’s Degree in Public Administration from St. Mary’s University in San Antonio. She knows and understands that student success is a collaborative effort. Her project management and organizational skills have led her to design programs that lead and serve a large community of multidimensional learners. After 17 years in education, her love for students, her connection with faculty and her shared identity as a Latina with the Hispanic/Latino

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Teamwork in Design Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sara Lego, Pennsylvania State University; Cara Exten, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

with a simplified,custom peer review survey generated in Qualtrics that uses a Likert scale and measures thedegree to which students agree or disagree with statements related to each team member’sperformance and professional skills demonstration. This paper describes both the new peerreview tool as well as results from a study conducted in the 2022/2023 academic year to evaluatestudent perceptions of PEPSA against the prior CATME baseline using two identical studyquestionnaires.IntroductionSimilar to its other peer institutions, Penn State requires its undergraduate engineering studentsto complete a capstone design project in their senior year. While the duration, topic area, andlevel of inter-departmental collaboration of the capstone design

Conference Session

International Division (INTL) Technical Session: International Programs and Curricula II

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sigrid -- Berka, The University of Rhode Island

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

was correlated negatively with intercultural growth.Awareness of professional growth Of the 42 students in the 2022-2023 cohort, 11 not only took courses in their secondlanguage and in their engineering discipline during the Fall semester of their study abroad butalso availed themselves of the opportunity to complete credit bearing research projects in atechnical institute at their various partner universities; 7 more chose a research project in auniversity or private institute instead of an internship in a company for the second half of theiryear abroad. Doing research in a team was new for some. JD, for example, a student with a solidacademic record of As, Bs, occasional Cs and a 104.85 IDI score prior to his abroad sojournrelated

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division (MVD) Technical Session 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert J. Rabb P.E., Penn State University; Alyson G. Eggleston, Penn State University; Catherine Mobley, Clemson University; Angela Minichiello P.E., Utah State University; Ronald W. Welch P.E., The Citadel; Jerry Lynn Dahlberg Jr, University of Tennessee, Space Institute; David M. Feinauer P.E., Virginia Military Institute; B Grant Crawford P.E., Quinnipiac University; Samuel Shaw, Utah State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Military and Veterans Division (MVD)

interests are in mechatronics, regenerative power, and multidisciplinary engineering.Dr. Alyson G. Eggleston, Penn State University Alyson Eggleston is an Associate Professor in the Penn State Hershey College of Medicine and Director of Evaluation for the Penn State Clinical and Translational Science Institute. Her research and teaching background focuses on program assessment, STEM technical communication, industry-informed curricula, and educational outcomes veteran and active duty students.Dr. Catherine Mobley, Clemson University Catherine Mobley, Ph.D., is a Professor of Sociology at Clemson University. She has over 30 years experience in project and program evaluation and has worked for a variety of consulting firms

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johanna Bodenhamer, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Corinne C. Renguette, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Robert Weissbach, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

, and the assignment learning outcomes. WATTS research was funded by a National Science Foundation (NSF) Improving UndergraduateSTEM Education (IUSE) collaborative grant (award #s 2013467, 2013496, & 2013541). The results ofthis research demonstrated statistically significant improvements in student technical writing [1]. Theseimprovements can be attributed to the WATTS-trained tutors who provide appropriate feedback to thestudents during their tutoring sessions. This team’s research has explored changes between pre-tutoring and post-tutoring assignments anddemonstrates that, while the writing improves, it is still a challenge to engage students in revising theirwork. During the WATTS research project, students took writing assignment

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seth K. Thompson, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Alyssa A Burger; Emily Goff, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Catherine Heremans; Christopher Hogan, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Gina Ristani, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Guadalupe Ruiz, University of California, Riverside; Basak E Uygun, Massachusetts General Hospital; Keisha Varma, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED)

Project (2018). 5. Cheryan, S., Master, A. & Meltzoff, A. N. Cultural stereotypes as gatekeepers: increasing girls’ interest in computer science and engineering by diversifying stereotypes. Front. Psychol. 6, (2015). 6. Boucher, K. L. & Murphy, M. C. Why so few? The role of social identity and situational cues in understanding the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields. in Self and social identity in educational contexts 93–111 7. Malone, K. R. & Barabino, G. Narrations of race in STEM research settings: Identity formation and its discontents. Sci. Educ. 93, 485–510 (2009). 8. Sparks, D. M. Navigating STEM-worlds: Applying a lens of intersectionality to the career identity

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Victoria Rose Garza, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Joel Alejandro Mejia, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Teja Guda, The University of Texas at San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED)

contrast, in-person interventions prioritize face-to-facecommunication, traditional lectures with facilitated group discussions, and hands-on activitiessuch as case studies or projects. Both approaches, typically independently studied for theirunique strengths and limitations, will be jointly implemented into an undergraduate biomedicalengineering tissue mechanics course in this research to promote critical reflexivity through theadded socialization. To determine the effectiveness of the applied interventions, assessments willinclude observations made of discussions on the virtual collaborative learning platform Perusall,in-person case studies, and student artifacts (surveys). Moreover, we anticipate that in-personand digital pedagogical

Conference Session

Flaming Moe's Influence: Bio-Inspired STEM Explorations, Hot Stuff!

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abeera P. Rehmat, Georgia Institute of Technology; Michael Helms; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jeffrey H Rosen, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

STEM education through research on curriculum development, teacher professional development, and student learning in integrated STEM environments. Dr. Alemdar currently serves as PI and co-PI for research on various NSF funded projects that focuses on engineering education, teacher networks and STEM learning environments. Her expertise includes program evaluation, social network analysis, mixed methods, and advanced quantitative methods. Dr. Alemdar is passionate advocate for equitable and inclusive STEM education. She actively engages with educators, students, and communities to promote the importance of STEM disciplines and education research in preparing the next generation for the challenges of the future. She

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Audrey Boklage, University of Texas at Austin

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

Audrey Boklage, PhD University of Texas at AustinIntroductionWhat is a makerspace?Academic makerspaces are prevalent in institutions across the world; specifically inundergraduate engineering programs. Makerspaces are informal, opt-in STEM (science,technology, engineering, mathematics) spaces and are increasingly recognized for their potentialto increase student access to and engagement with STEM (e.g., Martin, 2015, Roldan et al.,2018, Wilkczynski et al, 2019). Over the past two decades, research has highlighted the benefitsof makerspaces, including engineering specific skills, such as prototyping, supporting studentdesign projects, entrepreneurship, and innovation, (Forest et al., 2014; Wilczynski et al., 2016

Conference Session

MECH - Technical Session 9: Advanced Mechanical Engineering Topics

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachel Mok, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cong Li, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Benita Comeau, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Emily Welsh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Nicholas Xuanlai Fang, University of Hong Kong; John Liu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)

demonstrate engineering principles.Cong Li, Massachusetts Institute of Technology I am currently working as a systems engineer in the aerospace industry, I contributed to this project as an undergraduate researcher and helped create early versions of the simulation using MatlabDr. Benita Comeau, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Benita Comeau teaches a laboratory course on micro/nano engineering, in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is a Chemical Engineer by degree, and received her BSE from the Univerisity of Michigan and PhD from the Georgia Institute of Technology.Ms. Emily Welsh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ms. Welsh works as an educational technologist

Conference Session

Homer's Epiphany: Making STEM Elementary Woo-hoo!

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Ocif Love, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

online qualitative and quantitative survey whichwas designed using questions from previously published self-efficacy and teacher experienceinstruments. Participants were also invited to discuss their experiences during a virtualinterview.Results indicate that COVID-19 continued to disrupt STE teaching and learning through the2021 – 2022 academic year and that STEAM Labs, collaborative group work, and investigativeproblem solving skills were missing from STE instruction. Findings reveal that there is renewedinterest in project-based learning, inquiry-based learning, innovative pedagogy, STEAM Labsand engineering as the “keystone” to STEAM education, especially as COVID-19 healthprotocols and restrictions subside. To apply the results of this

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yael Gertner, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Juan Alvarez, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Benjamin Cosman, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Jennifer R Amos, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

well in the course. We foundthat over all students who spend more time do not do better in the course perhaps becausetheir time is not spent effectively. Yet, students who spend more time on practice examsperformed better in the class. This is especially true for students who come into the coursewith low expectation to do well. In future work, we plan to examine how we might turn thisinformation into an intervention.5 AcknowledgementsWe would like to acknowledge the Grainger College of Engineering Strategic InstructionalInitiatives (SIIP) program for the funding for this project. We would also like to thank ourSIIP Education Innovation Fellow, Ashlynn Stillwell, for her guidance and support.References[1] E.L. Deci and R.M. Ryan. 2012. Self

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division (TELPhE) Technical Session 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aditi Verma, University of Michigan; Kellie Grasman, University of Michigan; Katie Snyder, University of Michigan; Sara Elizabeth Eskandari

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division (TELPhE)

institution. Different departments offer different sections of this course,with each section having up to 80 students. All sections are project-based, operating on adesign-build-test framework. We created our section with the intent to teach students theimportance of engaging with publics and communities as part of the engineering design process.While such engagement is increasingly becoming the norm for the design of smaller, and lesscomplex systems, the designers of complex sociotechnical systems – transportation and energysystems being two key examples – seldom engage with communities during the process oftechnology development. This is especially the case for energy technologies and facilities. Thesesystems have but a handful of ‘users’ in the

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division (MVD) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alyson G. Eggleston, Pennsylvania State University; Angela Minichiello, Utah State University; Allison Miles, Utah State University; Hannah Wilkinson, Utah State University; Samuel Shaw, Utah State University; Robert J. Rabb P.E., Pennsylvania State University; Jerry Lynn Dahlberg Jr, University of Tennessee, Space Institute; B Grant Crawford P.E., Quinnipiac University; Oscar Barton, Jr. P.E., Morgan State University; Catherine Kime, Utah State University; Michael Scott Sheppard Jr., Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Military and Veterans Division (MVD)

of leadership, project management, accountability, andsolutions-focused mental posture are a natural fit for the engineering field—a match that studentveterans can use to build a sense of ‘belonging’ as they transition.1. Background - Student VeteransStudent veterans are older, post-traditional students who pursue higher education [1-2]. Ohlandreports that economics plays a major role for non-traditional students, and especially for studentveterans. It is the primary factor to return to school, where to attend, and what degree program tostudy [3]. Institution preference is often affected by proximity to current location and to family,cost and reputation. Student veterans are motivated by career opportunities, self-improvementand personal

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 24

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimia Moozeh, Queen's University ; Paul Cameron Hungler P.Eng.

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

test, while there was nostatistically significant difference between the two interventions for the retention test. The VRlesson was also found to result in higher emotional arousal and lower cognitive engagement. Theauthors suggested that the excessive emotional arousal caused by VR high immersion distractsthe learner from cognitive processing of the information. On the other hand, Lai et al. resultsindicated that students using AR perceived a significantly lower extraneous cognitive loadcompared to those who learned with conventional multimedia [49].There were mixed results in terms of student preference. While students preferred the AR morein [37] and [49], projection-based VR with TV screens was found to be preferred by students inthe study

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED) Postcard Session (Best of WIPs)

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer M Hatch, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Steven Higbee, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Danka Maric, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Sharon Miller, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED)

supporting STEM faculty on STEM education research projects.Dr. Sharon Miller, Purdue University Sharon Miller, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Practice in the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering at Purdue University. She received a BS degree in Materials Science and Engineering from Purdue University and MS and PhD degrees in Biomedical Engineering from the University of Michigan. Her educational efforts focus on biomedical engineering discipline-based educational research, including design self-efficacy, project-based learning, critical reflection in ethics, and high-impact practices. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2024Work in Progress: A Multi-level Undergraduate Curricular