Conference Session

Industrial, Professional, and Practical Contexts of Engineering Ethics

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Dayoung Kim, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Shiloh James Howland, Brigham Young University; Brent K. Jesiek, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

the issue whilemeeting the original design specifications.Beatrice additionally observed variations in professional judgment among the engineers she hadworked with on various projects. As she explained in considerable detail: So each one [professional engineer] is a different person, and they have their own personal preferences of, “This should be engineered this way, I would like you to do it this way.” It’s their license, so we do it their way. But if you were to talk to the other professional engineer, just in the other office, they might have a different opinion on it. So, it’s like, “Which one’s the right one?” Knowing what’s best is hard, especially in an area that can have so many variables. Because

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michel A. Kornegay, Morgan State University; Md Tanvir Arafin, Morgan State University; Kevin Kornegay, Morgan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

III. CTF C OURSE D EVELOPMENTan on-campus research program that supports cyber-defense A. eCTF Problem Descriptionareas, including secure embedded systems. Faculty engagedin research are available to have daily interactions with rising The eCTF revolved around designing a secure audio digitalseniors to help them develop senior capstone projects and rights management (DRM) module for next-generation multi-rising juniors to train them to use foundational knowledge media players. The core multimedia player is developed to runrequired to assess vulnerabilities in embedded systems. Stu- on an embedded systems platform (Digilent Cora Z7

Conference Session

Development Around Diversity

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Daniel Erian Armanios; Sarah Jane Christian P.E., Carnegie Mellon University; Andrea Francioni Rooney, Carnegie Mellon University; Millard L. McElwee, Exponent; Joe Dallas Moore, Carnegie Mellon University; Destenie Nock, Carnegie Mellon University; Constantine Samaras, Carnegie Mellon University; Gerald J. Wang, Carnegie Mellon University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

.2.6 CEE Capstone DesignHistorically, many infrastructure choices and designs have had disproportionately negativeimpacts on minority and low-income communities. Changes were implemented in the senior-level CEE capstone design course to prepare students to design equitable engineering solutionsthat consider the diversity of stakeholders. The project was developed with a community partnerorganization that was interested in an aquaponics facility that could provide the organizationwith an income stream that would allow them to be self-sustaining. This organization is locatedin an area of the city that has been neglected and serves a predominantly minority population. Itwas expected that students would be motivated by the opportunity to use their

Conference Session

Developing Teamwork, Student Attitudes, and Hardware Solutions for Laboratory Courses: Experimentation and Laboratory-oriented Studies Division

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jill Johnson P.E., Pennsylvania State University; Brian Lani, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies

capstone project, where students designed an assembly, used the propertolerances, optimized their print in Cura, and then submitted their files to the course instructor orto Innovation Commons for printing. Again, the students did not print their own designs.The course was run in this format for two semesters. Feedback was gathered from the studentsvia informal surveys and Student Ratings of Teaching Effectiveness (SRTEs). The course washighly anticipated by the ME students. Two sections were offered in both the Fall 2016 andSpring 2017 semesters; and both sections filled quickly with students requesting additional seatsin the course. Student feedback was mixed. The students enjoyed the course and learned thetopics that were presented to them, but

Conference Session

Working Together: Approaches to Inclusivity and Interdisciplinarity

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kenya Z Mejia, University of Washington; Yen-Lin Han, Seattle University; Jennifer A. Turns, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

change anapproach is identified.Here we present the narrative of an educator implementing a weekly reflection activity, theInclusivity Meter (IM), that allows students in a senior capstone course to communicate howincluded they felt in their teams or in the overall class that week. Through the narrative, wehighlight the conversations that happened as the educator reflected on the work in her classroomwith the two other authors. The conversation themes highlighted include the motivation fortrying this new activity, concerns throughout the quarter about student response rates, and twocases that surfaced issues of inclusion, prompting further discussion.After recounting this narrative, we dive into a discussion on how the engineering

Conference Session

TELPhE Division Technical Session 1: Expanding Technological and Engineering Literacies

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Alan Cheville, Bucknell University; John Heywood, Trinity College Dublin

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

share much in common with engineering, particularly in terms ofjob functions following graduation [21] such as project management; in both degree programsgraduates are trained to work with contingent problems. Two other degree programs are worthmentioning in terms of their need to deal with contingent problems and in which practitionersoften operate on heuristics rather than rules: teaching and nursing. Until fairly recently thesewere considered primarily occupations that women went into which associated them with lowerstatus than engineering or management given historical belief systems. However, the wayscontingent knowledge is used to manage highly contextualized problems is similar.An in-depth comparison of the educational methods used by

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking II: Interpretation, Curricular Practices, and Structural Change

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College; Kristen L. Sanford P.E., Lafayette College; Benjamin Cohen, Lafayette College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

better equipped to make informed decisions on project alternatives. This ability to understand the subtle nuances of complex technical problems makes EGRS majors the intermediary between traditionally trained engineers and society.” 2Engineering Studies graduates are more diverse in terms of gender than are the College’sgraduates with BS degrees in engineering, and they are more diverse in terms of ethnicity thanboth those with BS Engineering degrees and students with degrees in disciplines other thanengineering [3]. Clearly, the Engineering Studies Program is a place where women and studentsof color feel

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Luis Horacio Hernandez-Carrasco, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Monica Daniela Hernandez-Sanchez, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Miguel X. Rodriguez-Paz, Tecnologico de Monterrey

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering

via Facebook Live and four of them via Zoom Meetings.In total, there was a participation of 121 undergraduate students from the following courses: - Foundations Engineering, - Design of Steel Structures, - Structural Systems, - Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures, - Capstone Project in Structural Design.The average age of the participants is twenty-one years. They were notified about the virtual visita week before the first one, and one session before the following five.III.a. The virtual site visitsStudents were asked to connect to Zoom or Facebook at the beginning of the class. The professorwould already be in the construction site. The professor used a cellphone Samsung Galaxy S9+,to broadcast the visit. The

Conference Session

Holy Cow! We’re Going Online When? 

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Gerald J. Wang, Carnegie Mellon University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

an active role in reimagining the field of CEE in the future. This course establishes thefoundation for further computing (and sensing) skill development in required junior- and senior-level lab and project courses, including our senior capstone design course. Before graduation, asignificant number of undergraduates also elect to take at least one graduate-level course with astrong computational focus.Both educational activities described in this work were developed and deployed in the Spring2020 semester, after the transition from in-person instruction to remote instruction. In particular,the first activity (“Graph Theory and Disease Transmission”) was released five days after theState of Pennsylvania issued its first “Stay at Home” order

Conference Session

Remote Instruction/COVID-19 Strategies

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Steven Nozaki, Pennsylvania State University; David Clippinger, Pennsylvania State University; Yabin Liao, Pennsylvania State University; Nancy E. Study, Pennsylvania State University; Philip A. Jones, Pennsylvania State University; Shannon K. Sweeney, Pennsylvania State University; Susan Daigle; Adam Jeffrey Wielobob; Liyong Sun, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

online. Specifically, the campus itself was closed to students and faculty alike, resulting in a hands-on laboratory component that shifted to an ad-hoc “kitchen table” video demonstration format. For senior capstone industrial sponsored projects, the team meetings, sponsor interactions, and project presentations were all converted to a “virtual” format. However, the biggest thing I missed was the interaction with the students in the classroom. I felt the environment was not as interactive and the students tended not to be as engaged. Course content was delivered virtually with lab videos recorded showing how the labs were performed (by the instructor) and the data were collected and sent to the students

Collection

2021 ASEE St. Lawrence Section Conference

Authors

Gerald Tembrevilla, McMaster University; Andre Phillion P.Eng., McMaster University; Thomas E. Doyle, McMaster University; Shelir Ebrahimi, McMaster University; Colin McDonald P.Eng., McMaster University; Melec Zeadin, McMaster University; Bosco Yu, McMaster University

Paper ID #35287Who are the instructional assistant interns?: Examining the synergy ofteaching assistants in first-year engineering course during the pandemicDr. Gerald Tembrevilla, McMaster University Gerald Tembrevilla completed his PhD in science (physics) education in the Department of Curriculum and Pedagogy, Faculty of Education at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada in July 2020. Currently, he serves as a postdoctoral fellow for the PIVOT project, a cutting-edge revamp of the engineering curriculum in the Faculty of Engineering at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. During his

Collection

Middle Atlantic ASEE Section Spring 2021 Conference

Authors

Jamie R Gurganus, University of Maryland Baltimore County; Tanner J Huffman, The College of New Jersey; Malinda S Zarske, University of Colorado Boulder

number of works in engineering education, including a Statics workbook for undergraduate engineering students. She is the Director of Innovation Programs and Operations for the non-profit research collaborative, Ad- vancing Engineering Excellence in P-12 Engineering Education. Dr. Gurganus teaches several first and second year Mechanical Engineering classes along with the Mechanical Engineering Senior Capstone design course for UMBC.Dr. Tanner J Huffman, The College of New Jersey Dr. Tanner Huffman is an assistant professor in the Department of Integrative STEM Education and Director of the Center for Excellence in STEM Education in School of Engineering at The College of New Jersey. Dr. Huffman has served as a

Collection

2021 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

James D. Kaul, Marshall University CCSE; Gregory Dovel Weed; Jared Cunningham; Imtiaz Ahmed; Wook-Sung Yoo, Marshall University

c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 2021 ASEE Southeast Section Conference Adaptive Solar Energy Harvesting and Data TransmissionJames Kaul, Greg Weed, Jared Cunningham, Alisha Sue Pettit, Imtiaz Ahmed, Wook-Sung Yoo Computer Sciences and Electrical Electrical Enginering Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USAAbstractA prototype for an adaptive solar tracking and efficient data communication system empoweredby the harvested solar energy was developed by a capstone project team at Marshall University.The prototype is developed on Raspberry Pi and Arduino development boards and the overallsystem comprises a solar tracking module

Collection

2003 GSW

Authors

Kevin M. Nickels; Mahbub Uddin

References1. Finelli, C., Klinger, A., and Bundy, D. “Strategies for Improving Classroom Environment,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 90, no. 4, October 2001, pp. 491-497.2. Felder, R. M. “A Longitudinal Study of Engineering Student Performance and Retention IV: Instructional Methods and Student Responses to them,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 84, no. 4, October 1995, pp. 361-367.3. Dutson, A. J., Todd, R., Magleby, S., and Sorensen, C. “A review of literature on teaching engineering design through project-oriented capstone courses,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 86, no. 1, January 1997, pp. 17-28.4. Dunn, R., and Dunn, K. Teaching Students through their individual learning styles: a practical

Collection

2021 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Meeting

Authors

Kiril Alexandrov Nikolov, The University of Texas at Tyler; Mohammad Abu Rafe Biswas, The University of Texas at Tyler; Xuan Nguyen, The University of Texas at Tyler; Victor Eduardo Ortiz, The University of Texas at Tyler

the University of Texas at Tyler in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. His expertise and interests include process dynamics and control, fuel cell systems and thermal fluid engineering education. He teaches courses in system dynamics and control, process control, energy conversion, and thermal fluids laboratory at the Houston Engineering Center. He also has been advisor and mentor to several senior design project groups.Ms. Xuan Nguyen, The University of Texas at Tyler Xuan Nguyen is an undergraduate mechanical engineering student at the University of Texas at Tyler. Her interests include renewable energy, robotic, design, and automatic and HVAC systems. Also, she has a passion and interest in DIY projects

Collection

ASEE 2021 Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Authors

Margo Cousins, University of Texas at Austin; Laura Suggs, University of Texas at Austin; Mia K. Markey, University of Texas at Austin

CUReS Cancer weekly summer seminars; maps global exchange path- ways to expand access to study abroad; partners with industry & clinical sponsors in the Capstone De- sign Program; and leads ABET engineering and SACSCOC regional accreditation activities for the BME department. Her academic interests include implementing and measuring psychosocial interventions that have been demonstrated to improve success for targeted at-risk populations, such as social-belongingness, growth mindset, and self-efficacy. Ms. Cousins holds a Master of Arts in Higher, Adult, and Lifelong Education (HALE) from Michigan State University, and a Bachelor of Science in Biology from Washing- ton State University. She has worked in the

Collection

2008 GSW

Authors

Jiecai Luo; Pradeep K. Bhattacharya

. 1. IntroductionFor an engineering degree to be generally accepted, it must come from an institution whose degreeprograms have been certified by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET).One of the essential major components to achieve program accreditation by ABET is the approval ofits capstone design activities, which are commonly referred to as its senior design courses. We havefound that a student’s successful completion of his (her) engineering design project is muchdependent of his (her) engineering mathematics background. The Electrical Engineering Departmentat Southern University and A& M College, Baton Rouge, in the past twenty year experiences hasshown that students with engineering major can’t make a

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Endeavors: Mechatronics, Robotics, and Technology

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Alyson Grace Eggleston, The Citadel; Robert J. Rabb P.E., The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

their results directly to the greater public. Engineers’ clearcommunication with these audiences ensures continuity in critical operations during times ofcrisis. Today’s engineering graduate must master effective communication skills to fosterproductive team dynamics, propose persuasive projects, provide valuable status updates tomanagement, and affect change within his or her organization—all while video conferencing.VMC, an alternative to face-to-face communication that occurs over an information technologyplatform, is positioned to occupy a more central role in engineering curricula.Preliminary analysis of student performance traits over three semesters indicates that studentscan measurably improve their presentation skills and interactions

Conference Session

Labs and Experiential Learning

Collection

2021 Illinois-Indiana Regional Conference

Authors

Gurcan Comert; Zulfikar Berk, University of South Carolina; Robert Petrulis; Balaji Iyangar; Esmail M Abuhdima, Benedict college; Negash Begashaw, Benedict College

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Labs and experiential learning

observations with about 7 numerical variables) as control was easy over results.One of the single-student teams focused rather literature and design. The student’s progress led to a goodpresentation with a possible continuation as capstone design project. All deep learning models producedestimation models. Error levels were satisfactory compared to regression models. Filtering project usingKalman and Particle filters had progress but were not fully completed. One student graduated by the end ofprogram, the other student held the study at the College. These would be the cause of thinking continuationplans not necessarily on campus. Cybersecurity team also produced a final report with a good progress.2.4 EvaluateUsing the virtual format, students were

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Endeavors: Engineering, Art and Society

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Olgha Bassam Qaqish, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Andrew Greenberg, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison; Christine S. Grant, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Ashley Brown

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

strong mentor relationships post ● Internal students continuing based on REM (especially if at other institutions). May demonstrated progress include continuing mentoring relationship in school year ● Need earlier timeline for targeted recruiting ● Early engagement helps with capstone projects ● Inconsistent mentoring across participants ● Early training with mentors/mentees with enhanced training (EFRI-REM) ● Matching mentors/mentees ● Integrated learning into other ‘REU’ type programs● Sustaining research after the summer; ● Evaluation of

Collection

ASEE 2021 Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Authors

Matthew G. Green, LeTourneau University; Chad L File, LeTourneau University

and possiblybefore the visit, consisting of: “Representative examples of graded student work including, whenapplicable, major design or capstone projects.” The glossary further clarifies that Student Workexamples should “span the grade range from excellent to poor.”a Engineering Technology is within the ETAC of ABET, and the other two programs are within the EAC. This paperrefers to both ETAC and EAC review expectations. Proceedings of the 2021 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference Baylor University, Waco, TX Copyright  2021, American Society for Engineering Education 2Since ABET encourages display

Collection

2009 GSW

Authors

Kenneth W. Van Treuren

. Programs such as the FIRST RoboticsCompetition and Project Lead the Way are highly successful. The paper also highlights threeinnovative high schools in the Waco area that are addressing these issues with limited success.Lastly, the paper outlines several new activities at Baylor university to encourage students tobecome engineers. One such program is the mentor program that is being undertaken by BaylorUniversity student organizations in engineering to address some of these secondary schools’needs. IntroductionThere is a shortage of engineers, or so we are led to believe by recent headlines in the media.The bottom line is that engineers are in short supply and the demand is increasing. Currentheadlines

Conference Session

TS3: Working with Students

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jodi A. Bolognese, Northeastern University; Richard Whalen, Northeastern University; Evie Dee Cordell, Northeastern University; Alissa P. Link Cilfone, Northeastern University; Brooke D. Williams, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Engineering, all first-year students follow a commoncurriculum, as part of a “Cornerstone to Capstone” curriculum design adopted in 2015. TheCornerstone course is taken in the students’ first year, and uses projects to emphasize the ways inwhich engineering can develop practical problem-solving applications. The course was carefullydesigned to help first-year students achieve success in the program regardless of the specificengineering major they select in their second year. The program has been continually reevaluatedand redesigned over the past several years, and the addition of the information literacy workshophas been one step in Cornerstone’s evolution. Prior to the workshops, instructors noted limiteduse of citations and academic references in

Conference Session

Empathy and Human-centered Design 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Elizabeth A. Sanders, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Molly H. Goldstein, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign; Justin L. Hess, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. E. Cardella, W. C. Oakes, and C. B. Zoltowski, "Development of a design task to assess students' understanding of human-centered design," in 2012 Frontiers in Education Conference Proceedings, 2012: IEEE, pp. 1-6.[14] R. Loweth, S. Daly, K. Sienko, A. Hortop, and E. Strehl, "Student designers’ interactions with users in capstone design projects: A comparison across teams," in ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2019.[15] S. Jordan and M. Lande, "Practicing needs-based, human-centered design for electrical engineering project course innovation," in 119th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, 2012: American Society for Engineering Education.[16] A. E. Coso, "The development of a rubric to

Conference Session

Empathy and Human-centered Design 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Xi Wang P.E., University of Mount Union; Minhao Dai, Kennesaw State University; Gabriella Cataloni, University of Mount Union

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

peerinteractions as well as interactions with faculty members, and these interactions could encouragemore effective understanding of materials and exploration of topics. Second, liberal artseducation focuses on cultivating adaptive problem-solving skills based on critical thinking,collaboration, and effective communication. These skills make students valuable collaborators inengineering projects and afford them a smooth transition into professional life [3]. That means aliberal arts education can potentially lead to a successful engineering career.In the meantime, the integration of engineering education into liberal arts universities posesseveral challenges to the engineering faculty members. For instance, faculty members may lackthe knowledge needed to

Conference Session

Innovative, Engaging Pedagogies for Engineering Ethics Education

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michael F. Young, University of Connecticut; Landon Bassett, University of Connecticut; Daniel D. Burkey, University of Connecticut; Scott Duplicate Streiner, Rowan University; Joshua Bourne Reed

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

implications of their future work is an extremely important topic. There are many pitfallswith the traditional large lecture format in which ethics is taught to engineering freshmen. It istaught as an abstract philosophical topic, rather than an act of personal decision making situatedin the nuances of complex real-world contexts [1]. Often, engineering ethics instruction is taughtby a philosophy professor rather than an engineer. It is usually included late in the undergraduatecurriculum, such as during a senior capstone project, and is a relatively short subtopic (module)within a larger array of engineering content. As a result, students often do not see ethics as equallyimportant as other topics. They do not see it consistently integrated

Collection

2011 North Midwest Section

Authors

Kristine Guzak; Kurt Paterson

In someinstitutions, this service involvement has fueled the creation of courses and programs thatoffer Learning Through Service (LTS) which seems to attract a wider range of students toengineering. A growing body of evidence advocates that LTS may provide significantadvantages to engineering students, but studies to date are quite limited.11-15 Asuniversities play catch-up to these trends, a fundamental question remains unexplored:What motivates engineering students to be engaged in service?2. ObjectivesThis paper presents findings to the above question of student motivation from two LTSprograms at Michigan Technological University: (1) iDesign, an international senior-level capstone design program, and (2) Peace Corp Master s International

Conference Session

Assessment in Multidisciplinary Learning Environment

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ryan Striker P.E., North Dakota State University; Mary Pearson, North Dakota State University; Ellen M. Swartz, North Dakota State University; Enrique Alvarez Vazquez, North Dakota State University; Lauren Singelmann, North Dakota State University; Stanley Shie Ng, Biola University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

benefits of PR are broadly applicablewhenever students are producing non-routine work such as capstone projects, project-basedcourses, or constructivist activities.Cementing and Extending – PR provides twice the learning opportunities compared to InstructorReview (IR) because both the reviewer and the recipient are learning. The reviewer is arguablythe greatest beneficiary; they first cement factual knowledge and then extend their conceptualunderstanding as they consider the work of their classmates. To review a token, the reviewermust first understand what they have seen/heard, next compare it to their own knowledge, thenevaluate whether it is correct, and finally explain/justify their opinion. Reviewers’ cognitivedemands are consistent with

Collection

2003 GSW

Authors

William Jordan

prime mover behind getting the grant, and he had a greater apparent need for the money.People who believe in a utilitarian theory could argue for either decision. Smith should take themoney for he has a greater need for it and he is the main person on the project. Alternatively,Smith should not take the money for if he was exposed it would hurt his career. A potentiallyruined career is not worth a month of salary support.Duty theories could also argue the point either way. Some would say that Smith has a duty toprovide for his family. Others would argue that Smith has a greater duty to be honest withBrown and tell him about the salary support.People who believe in rights theories would probably criticize a choice by Smith to keep themoney

Collection

2003 GSW

Authors

Bill Elmore; Stan Napper

prime mover behind getting the grant, and he had a greater apparent need for the money.People who believe in a utilitarian theory could argue for either decision. Smith should take themoney for he has a greater need for it and he is the main person on the project. Alternatively,Smith should not take the money for if he was exposed it would hurt his career. A potentiallyruined career is not worth a month of salary support.Duty theories could also argue the point either way. Some would say that Smith has a duty toprovide for his family. Others would argue that Smith has a greater duty to be honest withBrown and tell him about the salary support.People who believe in rights theories would probably criticize a choice by Smith to keep themoney