Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Liping Guo, Northern Illinois University; Jingbo Han, Northern Illinois University; Andrew Wasonga Otieno, Associate Professor

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

developed new labs in the area of manufacturing engineering, including an automation laboratory in the department. His research interests include structural health monitoring, finite element modeling, machining processes, eco-machining, machine vision applications in tool wear monitoring and micro-machining processes. He has experience in hardware/software interfacing with special applications in machine vision and PLC. He is a member of the ASEE, ASME, EWB and SME. Dr. Otieno has published several articles in the areas of machine vision applications, structural health monitoring, eco-machining, modeling of machining processes and manufacturing education

Conference Session

Intercollegiate and Cross-disciplinary Collaboration

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barbara Burks Fasse PhD, Georgia Institute of Technology; James William Schwoebel, Georgia Institute of Technology; Ethan James Craig, Georgia Institute of Technology; Anish Joseph, Georgia Institute of Technology; Ajit Vakharia, Georgia Institute of Technology; Steve M. Potter PhD, Georgia Institute of Technology; Kim Dooley, Texas A&M University; James DUPE Linder, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Education) Grant, is to establish a collaborative relationshipbetween research labs that do not have a link in physical space yet have interests and work thatare similar enough in nature to be reason for collaboration—or, certainly, conversation. Thebenefit to the undergraduate LINCR Fellows, beyond participation in laboratory research itself,is the opportunity to experience the two labs and their idiosyncratic ways of working,communicating, using their physical environments and resources while exploring the ways inwhich they are similarly connected through the projects, literature, theory, and practice. The first LINCR Fellow cohort—Summer 2012— enrolled three undergraduate studentsfrom two departments linking six labs, Principle

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samantha Nacole Andrews, Georgia Institute of Technology; Greg Mayer, Georgia Tech; Rui Hu, CEISMC, Georgia Institute of Technology; Connelly Hunter Connelly, Google, Inc.; Nathaniel William Tindall III; Neva Rose, Georgia Institute of Tecnology - CEISMC

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Electrical and Computer Engineering from The University of Calgary, and a Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics from the University of Waterloo. He is currently pursuing a Post-Baccalaureate Certificate in Technology-Based Learning from Athabasca University, Canada.Dr. Rui Hu, CEISMC, Georgia Institute of TechnologyMr. Connelly Hunter Connelly, Google, Inc. Daniel is a software engineer at Google, working on Chrome and Chrome OS in Munich, Germany. He previously studied for an MS in computer science and a BS in applied mathematics at Georgia Tech, worked at MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and taught math at a charter school in metro Atlanta.Mr. Nathaniel William Tindall IIIMs. Neva Rose, Georgia Institute of Tecnology - CEISMC Ms. Neva Joyce

Conference Session

Activities and Assessment for “Awkward ABET Outcomes”

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seamus F Freyne P.E., Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

civilengineering course and meets several ABET outcomes.Documentaries as Educational ToolsOld curriculums must be updated with more dynamic and flexible teaching styles toaccommodate the way students want to learn.1 A documentary project is a potentially usefuleducational tool that can complement traditional coursework such as textbook problem sets. Themain contribution to student achievement is improvement of communication skills.The absence of much literature on student documentaries is evidence of the novelty of thisexercise. Previously, at two universities, undergraduates in geotechnical laboratory coursesmade documentaries of experimental procedures, and the activity was found to enhance studentenjoyment and engagement. These documentaries, each a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. Prince, Bucknell University; Margot A Vigeant, Bucknell University; Katharyn E. K. Nottis, Bucknell University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

the pre- course scores,average overall scores are still in the 60%, indicating that further improvement isdesirable.One approach to the repair of misconceptions is through inquiry-based activities.In these activities, the instructor creates a laboratory or simulation situationwhere students may directly observe their misconceptions fail to explain theresults while the correct concepts succeed. A set of two activities along withworksheets and explanatory materials was developed for each misconceptionarea. These were tested at over 15 institutions. Use of these activities improvesstudents’ post- course scores on the concept inventories by about an additional 10percentage points on average, a significant improvement over both the pre-testand the

Conference Session

Institutional Perspectives and Boundary Work

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ron D Dempsey, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Page 23.1.8University, Pittsburg State University http://www.pittstate.edu/dotAsset/10561.pdf“many students enter engineering or engineering technology without a clear perception of thedifferences between engineering and technology curricular and their respective employmentopportunities upon graduation.”40 Expertise: The term “applied” and “hands-on” are the traditional nomenclature ofengineering technology. This applied nature of the technology programs manifests itself inlaboratory experiences which play a major role in the educational process. Programs inengineering also contain laboratory courses but as Robison points out “those courses inengineering that contain laboratories show strong orientation toward experimentation orresearch

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael R. Allen, Department of Mathematics; Dale A. Wilson, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

of the nature of the material andthe laboratory classes, I learned and learned well. I could see and touch and hear the results ofmy calculations. “A picture is worth a thousand words” can also be stated as “a concrete exampleis worth a thousand minutes of lecture”. Of course, for some courses the abstract and theoreticalnature of the material makes it a little harder to present such examples, but it really helps thelearner.Teaching Style Page 23.882.3 One major influence of this adventure was on my teaching style. I started using motivationalexamples in my classroom. These were not just examples taken from the end of the chapter wewere

Conference Session

Reception & Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Michael A. Gennert, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Gretar Tryggvason, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Topics

ASEE International Forum

capstone design projects are performed at industrial sites andgovernment laboratories, including geographically diverse locations.Geographically distributed capstone project teams – Geographically distributed designprojects offers the opportunity to engage as students in the kinds of global engineering activitiesthat are expected of practicing engineers. The challenges and some methods to optimize idea Page 21.20.4generation in distributed settings are described in [10].Institutional exchange programs – Many institutions of higher education have exchangeprograms in place whereby students from one university spend a semester or year at

Conference Session

Reception & Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Devanandham Henry, Stevens Institute of Technology / Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC); Tim L Ferris, University of South Australia; Alice F. Squires, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Massood Towhidnejad, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Topics

ASEE International Forum

Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia; and a PhD in Systems Engineering from the Stevens Institute of Technol- ogy in Hoboken, New Jersey. Current research areas include systems thinking, competency framework development, and engineering education.Dr. Massood Towhidnejad, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach Massood Towhidnejad is the director of NExtGeneration Applied Research Laboratory (NEAR), and a tenure full professor of software engineering in the department of Electrical, Computer, Software and System Engineering at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. His teaching interests include autonomous systems, and software and systems engineering with emphasis on quality assurance. He has been in

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David S. Hurwitz, Oregon State University; Shane A. Brown P.E., Washington State University; Mohammad Rabiul Islam, Oregon State Univeristy; Kelvin Daratha, Graduate Student at Washington State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #5923Mental Models of Students and Practitioners in the Development of an Au-thentic Assessment Instrument for Traffic Signal EngineeringDr. David S Hurwitz, Oregon State University Dr. David Hurwitz is an assistant professor in the Department of Civil and Construction Engineering at Oregon State University and he serves as the point of contact for the Driving and Bicycling Research Laboratory. He is interested in the integration of user behavior in the design and operation of transporta- tion systems. He teaches classes at the graduate and undergraduate level in highway engineering, traffic operations and

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mei Zhang, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering; Amy B Chan Hilton, Florida State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, andcreates opportunities for undergraduates to pursue nanotechnology related research activities. Inthe first NanoCORE project, we focused on introducing nanoscale science and engineering intothe undergraduate curriculum through short teaching units, which we refer to as “nanomodules,”within existing courses. Students also had opportunities for more in-depth nanotechnologytraining by enrolling in technical electives and participating in undergraduate research. Theprogram has made a noteworthy impact on our undergraduate educational content andexperience.2 With the NanoCORE II project, we have extended the program by expandingstudent-learning opportunities to include additional hands-on and laboratory activities. TheNanoCORE II topic areas and

Conference Session

Panel: Opportunities & Methods to Encourage More Women Toward Research Commercialization

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrienne Minerick, Michigan Technological University; Babs Carryer, National Collegiate Inventors & Innovators Alliance (NCIIA); Mary Raber, Michigan Technological University; Abby Thompson, Mississippi State University ; Louise C. Dunlap, DunlapBrowder

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation, Women in Engineering

Journal cover (2008). She is an ac- tive mentor of undergraduate researchers and served as co-PI on an NSF REU site. Research within her Medical micro-Device Engineering Research Laboratory (M.D. – ERL) also inspires the development of Desktop Experiment Modules (DEMos) for use in chemical engineering classrooms or as outreach activi- ties in area schools (see www.mderl.org). Adrienne has been an active member of ASEE’s WIED, ChED, and NEE leadership teams since 2003 and during this time has contributed to numerous ASEE conference proceedings articles and educational journal publications.Babs Carryer, National Collegiate Inventors & Innovators Alliance (NCIIA) Babs Carryer is director of faculty development and

Conference Session

Information Tools and Techniques for Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Richards, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

engineering textbooks without further research.With regards to electronic mediums in general, some studies using psychology e-textbookssuggest that e-textbooks do not impact student learning relative to printed textbooks (Shepperd etal., 2008, Taylor, 2011). Daniel and Woody (2013) recently investigated students’ use andperformance on a variety of print and electronic formats in both laboratory and at homeconditions. They randomly assigned students to use a chapter of an introductory psychologytextbook in one of five formats: print textbook, printed text pages, printed manuscript inMicrosoft Word, electronic pdf, or electronic textbook. The results from the study indicated thatthe various formats had no significant impact on student learning

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dazhi Yang, Boise State Univeristy; Inanc Senocak, Boise State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

21st century of digital learning, and technology integration. Yang’s latest research focuses on employing an innovative synergis- tic approach to prevent/eliminate misconceptions from forming with first-year engineering students, and teaching STEM disciplines in online environments.Dr. Inanc Senocak, Boise State University Dr. Inanc Senocak is an associate professor with the Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineer- ing at Boise State University. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Florida in 2002. Dr. Senocak served as a postdoctoral research associate at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and Stanford University prior to joining Boise State in 2007. Dr. Senocak

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries (ELD) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alison Bradley, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; R. Daniel Latta, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Meg Harkins, University of North Carolina, Charlotte

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

to successfully accomplish project goals.   4 Demonstrate the ability to effectively communicate in writing through the development of an engineering laboratory report.   5 Demonstrate the ability to effectively communicate orally through the development and delivery of a presentation.   6 Demonstrate a basic understanding of the need to engage in life-long learning.   7 Demonstrate a basic understanding of the need to address global, societal, contemporary, environmental and economic issues in the design process.    Students learn and apply the engineering design process. Students design, build, test, andcomplete specific project designs. Grades are based

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Taufik Taufik; Dale Dolan

Work-In-Progress: Enhancing Students’ Learning in Introductory Power Electronic Course Using an LED Driver Project Taufik, Dale Dolan California Polytechnic State University, San Luis ObispoAbstractThis paper presents a new hardware project assignment introduced in the first course of powerelectronics at Cal Poly State University, San Luis Obispo. The new project is a culmination ofseries of experiments in the laboratory portion of the course. There are several objectives forassigning the project. First, the project is aimed to enhance students’ learning by exposingstudents to practical issues in dc-dc converter designs. Secondly

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Fabricio Braga Soares de Carvalho; Orlando Rocha Baiocchi; Robert Friedman

relevant achievement of the conjoint research is the possibility to apply for external fundingboth in Brazil and the US. There is great potential for external funding from agencies such as theDepartments of Agriculture, Energy, Defense, Homeland Security, as well as by the NationalScience Foundation, PNNL, NIST, NOA and Nature Conservancy. In Brazil, CAPES13 andCNPq14 are the main public agencies supporting finance and logistical needs to help expand thelevel of scientific research in the country.Preliminary results of the cooperation allow the expansion of the research scope to includeadvanced centers in wireless communications field. Cooperation has been established with theNorthwest Laboratory for Electromagnetics and Acoustic Research (NEAR)15

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Eric Haney; Lex Gonzalez; Amen Omoragbon; Thomas McCall; Xiao Peng; Vincent Ricketts; Jon Crosley; Bernd Chudoba

Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference, The University of Texas at Arlington, March 21 – 23, 2013. Copyright 2013, American Society for Engineering Educationthe modern engineer is the overabundance of information, and the lack of time and emphasis bymost engineering environments to utilize historic documents, thus lessons learned. It is theintention of the Aerospace Vehicle Design (AVD) Laboratory at the University of Texas atArlington to demonstrate with an example best-practice design re-engineering case study, howtoday’s engineers can leverage a historic project like Project Mercury to gain insight andincrease systems-level design proficiency.Project Mercury IntroductionProject Mercury was a

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Nripendra N. Sarker; Mohan A. Ketkar

connecting wires leading to power and ground connections of the board. When inputsand outputs are connected together with the chips themselves being connected to implement acircuit, it becomes a nightmare to debug any single bug in the circuit. The bugs could beanywhere, from wrong circuit design, to wrong connections, loose pins or the board itself being aproblem. It does not need to wait long to see students getting frustrated with the lab.Considering all these practical problems faced in the laboratory, we decided to upgrade the labwith three objectives 1. Make the lab hour an enthusiastic period of learning by removing all unnecessary hurdles in completing each lab with satisfaction 2. Complete the lab syllabus on time

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Yanwu Ding

with some measurement noise in the speaker’s signal. Students will identify the frequency components of the noise and try to remove them by filtering. Each student is given a distinct pair of speaker and listener signals in the project.  Data set 3: Measurement signals in the gearbox of a wind turbine from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The data is recorded by a number of sensors at the gearbox, as shown in Figure 3, to monitor the operation of the turbine and to detect signs of possible failure (especially if a turbine is more than 20 years old). The data was provided by WSU faculty in the Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering. Although a

Collection

2013 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Orla Smyth LoPiccolo

Technology and Construction Management Engineering Technology programs inour department. It is also a prerequisite course for a number of other courses in both programs.CON 161 is a 2 hour and 50 minute per week lecture course that introduces students toconstruction material characteristics, residential and small-scale commercial buildingconstruction methods, and the construction industry as a whole. Other than a soil sieve test,CON 161 lacks a laboratory component. Assessment of student learning in this course hastraditionally been either via weekly quizzes, mid-term and final examinations. Faculty membersteaching the three sections of this course normally draw construction details on the board andsupplement their teaching with PowerPoint

Conference Session

Intercollegiate and Cross-disciplinary Collaboration

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eng Keng Soh, Engineering Design and Innovation Centre, National University of Singapore; Ameek Kaur, National University of Singapore; Ming Po Tham, National UNiversity of SIngapore; Desmond Y.R. Chong, National University of Singapore

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

of topics coveredduring the lectures are: introduction to physiotherapy, stroke and spinal cord injury and therelated rehabilitation equipments. For the purpose of patient interviews, patients were pre-selected and their consent was sought by the doctors through the hospital’s procedure of consentseeking, such as explaining to the patients the objectives of the students’ interviews, and thesigning of consent forms by the patients who agreed to be interviewed. Students were allowed tointerview the patients in groups of five, for 15-20 minutes per session. Page 23.527.11To facilitate the administration, arrangement of laboratory tours and

Conference Session

Design Based Energy Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Oxana S Pantchenko, University of California at Santa Cruz; Tiffany Wise-West P.E., University of California Santa Cruz; Michael S. Isaacson, University of California, Santa Cruz; Ali Shakouri Shakouri, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

 RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES COURSEAbstractAt the University of California at Santa Cruz, a quarter long course on renewable energy sources wascomplemented with a real­world team project. The course was designed for engineering andnon­engineering students and did not require any advanced mathematics or physics backgrounds. Thecourse was open to freshmen, sophomore, junior and senior undergraduate students. The courseconsisted of fifteen bi­weekly lectures, eight weekly laboratory sections, a midterm, and a final exam.The lecture material consisted of an introduction to renewable energy sources, energy harvesting, energyconversion, system efficiency, and energy storage solutions. The lectures consisted of instructorpresentations, discussions, and

Conference Session

CIP Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lori Glover J.D., Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Todd S. Keiller, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

) which universities perform.i Government funds research for knowledge, not profit.In exchange, government typically receives a license to use the product of the research but theuniversity is free to commercialize the research and license it to industry. Industry though, isnow also looking to Universities for research. “As companies decrease the size and scope of theirinternal research laboratories, companies are increasingly turning to universities for basicresearch. Federal and state governments are developing funding programs that emphasizecollaboration between universities and companies that will enhance translational research andsupport economic development.” iiThe 1980 passage of the Bayh-Dole Act iii accelerated industry-university

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David B Kanipe, Texas A&M University; Kristi J. Shryock, Texas A&M University; Jacques C. Richard, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

camp, and suggestions forimprovement. Providing the students exposure to unique world-class research laboratories wasdeemed important in the initial planning of the camp. Laboratory tours with high interaction andless repetition were easily the most popular tours. While the feedback received on some labswas negative, it was not interpreted as a sign that the particular lab tour should be discontinuedbut rather that it needed to be retooled. An example would be having the students observe robotsmoving in one of the labs versus the excitement generated when students were able to control therobots. On the other hand, the lab where students were allowed to handle research materialsseemed to make more of an impression. Visiting wind tunnels was

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rocio Alba-Flores, Georgia Southern University; Fernando Rios-Gutierrez, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

microcontrollers. There are also programs where the emphasis of thecourse is on the study of instrumentation and programmable logic controllers.One difficulty in teaching control systems is to provide a good balance between theory and practice. Byincorporating a laboratory component, it could help to provide some connection between the abstractcontrol theory and the real world applications.In the present paper we describe the educational experience gained by including team-based projects intothe control systems course. In these projects students design and implement different controllers forautonomous navigation in a mobile robot. In particular, the design and implementation of three maintypes of controllers are assigned to teams of students, namely: 1) a

Conference Session

First Year Engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer M Peuker, University of Alaska, Anchorage; Jennifer McFerran Brock, University of Alaska Anchorage; Steffen Peuker, University of Alaska Anchorage

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

work with academic assessment, particularly relating to ABET. She can be reached at jmcferran@uaa.alaska.edu.Dr. Steffen Peuker, University of Alaska Anchorage Dr. Steffen Peuker is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering and the Director of the Thermal System Design Laboratory at the University of Alaska Anchorage. He is teaching the Thermal System De- sign, Thermal System Design Laboratory, HVAC Systems Optimization and Introduction to Engineering courses. His work in engineering education focuses on hands-on undergraduate engineering education in the HVAC&R area, student-industry cooperation, and developing innovative ways of merging engineering fundamentals and engineering in practice and research

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xia Wang, Oakland University; Qian Zou, Oakland University; Laila Guessous, Oakland University; Gary Barber, Oakland University; Michael A Latcha, Oakland University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Laboratory at Shanghai Jiaotong Week 5 June 14 1:00pm-4:00pm University Graduate Student Symposium: Tianjing University of Business and June 18 Finance Week 6 June 25 10:00am-12:00pm Group Meeting Attended Presentation Competition for Young Investigator in North 1:00pm-4:00pm China Electrical Power University June 29 10:00am-12:00pm Seminar: How to give a professional presentation? Week 7 16:00pm-17:00pm Meet with the Chair of the Department

Conference Session

Capstone Manufacturing and Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Chiou, Drexel University ; Michael G Mauk P.E., Drexel University; M. Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Paper ID #7851A Senior Design Project in Environmentally Friendly Glass ManufacturingDr. Richard Chiou, Drexel UniversityDr. Michael G Mauk P.E., Drexel UniversityMr. M. Eric Carr, Drexel University Mr. Eric Carr is currently the Laboratory Technician for Drexel University’s Engineering Technology program. Carr assists faculty members with the development and implementation of various Engineering Technology courses, and enjoys finding innovative ways to use microcontrollers and other technologies to enhance Drexel’s Engineering Technology course offerings. Carr holds an M.S. in Computer Engineering from Drexel University

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experience

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel P. Dempsey, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Carol Barry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Joey Mead, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies, Student

and safe operation of laboratory equipment, and  More efficient and effective literature searches.Since about 88% of the 25 students in this graduate student group are interested industry careers,the new thrust in the 2011-2012 program focused on developing researchers with well-roundedskillsets (i.e., professional, literary, communication skills) that are needed in industry. Sincemany domestic and international students enter into the American workforce without such skills,these new graduates require a certain amount of time for "professional acclimation," whichresults in reduced production for the individual and affects the young researcher’s psyche as wellas the hiring company’s bottom line. The graduate students themselves