Conference Session

Survival Tips from the Trenches

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Lantz, Trine University; Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University; Donna Reese, Mississippi State University; Beena Sukumaran, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

for nine years, but returned two years ago. Between them, these four women have five children, 148 referred journal publications, three book chapters, six books (novels) and two novellas, and 76 research grants and contracts, totaling $9.4 million.Susan’s Top Ten Tips for Academic Survival1. Live close to where you work. The more time you spend commuting, the less time you spend working or with your family.2. Love your work. If you aren’t passionate about either teaching or research, your work will become a job, not a career.3. Balance your personal and professional lives. This can be difficult to do, and you can’t always maintain a perfect balance, but strive to maintain the balance most weeks

Conference Session

Issues and Directions in Engineering Technology Education & Administration: Part I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Kelnhofer, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Robert Strangeway, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Edward Chandler, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Owe Petersen, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

years and theuncertainty of its place in the university academic setting continues. We believe a fundamentalchange of direction for engineering technology is needed, a change based on the needs of its coreconstituents – students/alumni and industry.Our experience suggests that students and alumni of four-year engineering technology programsexpect an engineering career. There are few occupational positions above the rank of technicianthat contain the word “technologist” in the job title. There is, however, strong demand forqualified graduates who can work as engineers to solve technical problems, communicatetechnical information, and work well in a team environment. Qualified four-year engineeringtechnology graduates satisfy this skill set, that

Conference Session

Gender and Minority Issues in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tuere Bowles, North Carolina State University; Christine Grant, North Carolina State University; Pamela Martin, North Carolina State University; Eric Carpenter, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

endeavors while employing mixed-methods. A recurring theme in her scholarship explores gender and diversity for girls and women in environmental sciences and engineering with an emphasis on their learning, socialization and career development. She has served as an evaluator and senior researcher on the ADVANCE-ENG Girls to Women: An Innovative Engineering Faculty-Student Mentoring Summit for Underrepresented Minority (URM) Girls and Their Mothers and managed a cadre of other environmental training programs.Christine Grant, North Carolina State University Dr. Christine Grant is a Full Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular (CBE) engineering at North Carolina State University (NCSU). She

Conference Session

Normative Commitments and Public Engagement in Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin Cech, University of California, San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

AC 2010-129: TRAINED TO DISENGAGE? A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OFSOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT AMONGENGINEERING STUDENTSErin Cech, University of California, San Diego Erin Cech’s research examines individual-level, cultural mechanisms that reproduce inequality, especially those pertaining to sex segregation in science and engineering fields. Her dissertation explores the self-expressive edge of inequality, analyzing how gender schemas and self-conceptions influence the career decisions of college students over time. Her other work examines the experiences of lesbian, gay and bisexual engineering students (with Tom Waidzunas), the work devotion of and perceptions of inequality among high

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experience

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sunni Newton, Georgia Institute of Technology; Lydia Soleil, Georgia Institute of Technology; Tristan Utschig, Georgia Institute of Technology; Donna Llewellyn, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

graduate) Coordinator for Student Housing, and Graduate Student Career Consultant in the Career Center. Dr. Soleil's current work involves the design and coordination of all aspects of the higher education portion of the Tech to Teaching program which prepares graduate students for academic careers. She also supports all aspects of Teaching Assistant (TA) professional development for the entire Georgia Tech campus. Dr. Soleil received her B.S. in Biotechnology from Worcester Polytechnic Institute and her Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of California, Davis.Tristan Utschig, Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Tristan T. Utschig is a Senior Academic Professional in the Center for the

Conference Session

Build Diversity in Engineering Graduate Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Renee Baker, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

of Technology (RIT) are raising the bar for universities nationwide. One move, which isthe focus of this article, is RIT’s Annual “Future Faculty Career Exploration Program.” Thisunique program furthers RIT’s diversity efforts by bringing students nearing the end of theirdoctoral studies and postdoctoral assignments to Rochester to receive the “RIT treatment.” Sincethe program’s inception in October of 2003, more than 150 scholars have been invited to attendthe annual program. The program has become so widely acclaimed that 185 and 235 applicationswere received in the past two years, respectively, to fill 27-30 allocated slots. This level ofresponse clearly demonstrates the interest of young scholars and their desire to visit the academyfor

Conference Session

Engineering in the Middle Grades

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Roy McGrann, State University of New York, Binghamton; Wayne Jones, State University of New York, Binghamton; Susannah Gal, State University of New York, Binghamton; Andy Cavagnetto, State University of New York, Binghamton; Dan Brennan, Broome Community College - SUNY; Thomas O'Brien, State University of New York, Binghamton

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

/engineering related field (63%).Further, 65% identified new career possibilities since participating in the Go Green Institute. Analysis of the pre and post assessment data indicates that a statistically significantdifference in performance was detected. Specifically, the mean raw score increased over theinstitute timeframe and the standard deviation around the mean decreased. These data present thepossibility that the students, in aggregate, demonstrated a slightly high level of mastery whenmeasured against the same standards pre and post, and that the group as a whole came closer tosharing a common core of understanding of the content as illustrated in the fact that there werefewer low scores on the post than on the pre-assessment and that

Conference Session

Gender and Minority Issues in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Edginton Bigelow, University of Dayton; Gail Wheatley, Edheads; David Tomasko, The Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

consider engineering-related careers. An additional aim of this study was to determine whetherthe web-based application and the object of design (a cell phone) would appeal to femalestudents as much as it would to male students.To test this, 162 middle-school students participated in the web-experience. Summativemeasures were taken pre- and post- activity using an on-line web-based survey to test theirknowledge of engineering design and the engineering design process. The post-survey also askedadditional questions to determine students’ perceptions of engineering and also perceptions ofthe web activity. Data were analyzed for the central tendencies of each question, item and scalemeans, and cross tabulated to identify statistically significant

Conference Session

Methods, Techniques and New Programs in Graduate Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Monica Cox, Purdue University; Cyndi Lynch, Purdue University; Jiabin Zhu, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Phillip Dunston, Purdue University; Audeen Fentiman, Purdue University; Pamella Shaw, Purdue University; Demetra Evangelou, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

research projects explore the preparation of engineering doctoral students for careers in academia and industry and the development of engineering education assessment tools. She is a NSF Faculty Early Career (CAREER) award winner and is a recipient of a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE).Cyndi Lynch, Purdue University Cyndi Lynch is the Director of Fellowships and Graduate Student Professional Development in the Graduate School. Cyndi is a registered veterinary technician, focusing on animal behavior. She holds a bachelors degree in Animal Science and a Master of Science degree in Curriculum and Instruction from Purdue University. Research interests focus

Conference Session

Developing Young MINDS in Engineering - Part II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Educator of the Year 2005, and the National Engineering Award in 2003, the highest honor given by AAES. In 2002 she was named the Distinguished Engineering Educator by the Society of Women Engineers. Her awards are based on her mentoring of students, especially women and underrepresented minority students, and her research in the areas of recruitment and retention. A SWE and ASEE Fellow, she is a frequent speaker on career opportunities and diversity in engineering. Page 15.147.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010An Evaluation of Academic Scholarship Programs by Program and EthnicityAbstractSince 2002

Conference Session

Women in K-12 Engineeering & Outreach Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arlisa Labrie Richardson, Estrella Mountain Community College; Maria Reyes, Estrella Mountain Community College; Marge Goodman, Intel Corporation

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

; specifically examining the impact of team interactions and gender. Arlisa's research interest includes issues of engineering recruitment, retention, and equity in science, engineering and technology,which stems from her personal academic and professional experience as an engineer. Before returning to graduate school to pursue a Doctorate degree, she worked as an engineer in the semiconductor manufacturing industry for ten years. In her current position, Director of Learning Support Services at Estrella Mountain Community College (EMCC)in Avondale,AZ, she utilizes her academic and professional background to prepare students for successful careers in the science, technology

Conference Session

Women in K-12 Engineeering & Outreach Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shannon Ciston, University of New Haven; Ellen Worsdall, Northwestern University; Jessica Swenson, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Engineers hostsCareer Day for Girls, a one-day event for girls in grades 7-12 to get girls excited about science,engineering, and technology. Through laboratory demonstrations, interactive multimedialectures, and hands-on activities, girls meet positive role models (both female and male) and getto think about the possibilities they have for careers in the technical fields.Many Career Day participants and their parents expressed a need for a multiple-day programheld over the summer--a kind of engineering day camp for girls to get more information andexperience with engineering, and to form relationships with female engineer role models.Undergraduate members of the Society of Women Engineers at Northwestern Universitytherefore went about designing

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experience

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ana Torres-Ayala, University of South Florida; Daniel Bumblauskas, Iowa State University; Matthew Verleger, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

ASEE Student Chapters at local campuses. 3. Participating in local K-12 science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education activities. 4. Promoting graduate school opportunities for undergraduate ASEE student members. 5. Promoting scholarships, fellowships, and post-doctoral opportunities for ASEE student members. 6. Providing opportunities for students to gain insight into academic careers and teaching practices. 7. Developing ties between ASEE Student Division members and ASEE Corporate members 8. Developing international opportunities for ASEE Student Division members. 9. Developing the next generation of ASEE leaders 10. Building a

Collection

2010 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Ana T. Torres-Ayala; Daniel Bumblauskas; Matthew Verleger

) education activities. 4. Promoting graduate school opportunities for undergraduate ASEE student members. 5. Promoting scholarships, fellowships, and post-doctoral opportunities for ASEE student members. 6. Providing opportunities for students to gain insight into academic careers and teaching practices. 7. Developing ties between ASEE Student Division members and ASEE Corporate members 8. Developing international opportunities for ASEE Student Division members. 9. Developing the next generation of ASEE leaders 10. Building a Community of Student Members3The surveyIn 2008, discussions between the SCC Executive Board and its Advisory Committee identifiedthe need to understand the

Collection

2010 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Amy Fleischer; Aaron Wemhoff; James O'Brien; Ani Ural; LeRoy Alaways

in grades 4-8. The hands-onactivities were developed and implemented by five full-time faculty members, two of whomwere female. The effectiveness of the program in promoting engineering studies to this targetaudience was assessed using a survey instrument. The survey results indicate that the programwas extremely effective in promoting engineering to this cohort. Prior to attending the programonly 9 of 57 girls were strongly considering engineering as a career, while after the program thisnumber doubled to 18 who were strongly considering engineering as a career with another 35potentially considering engineering as a career. Fall 2010 Mid-Atlantic ASEE Conference, October 15-16, 2010, Villanova University1.0 Introduction1.1 Why

Conference Session

Retention Strategies in Action Part I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amelito Enriquez, Canada College

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

that aimsto maximize the likelihood of success among underrepresented and educationally disadvantagedstudents interested in pursuing careers in STEM fields. The project, entitled Student On-rampLeading to Engineering and Sciences (SOLES), incorporates strategies that address challengesand barriers to recruitment, retention and success of minority students. Among the strategiesdeveloped for this project are two summer programs that were implemented for the first time insummer 2009. The Summer Math Jam is a two-week intensive mathematics program designedto improve student preparation for college-level math courses. The Summer EngineeringInstitute is a two-week residential summer camp that offers participating students the opportunityto gain

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diane Rover, Iowa State University; Monica Bruning, Iowa State University; Steven Mickelson, Iowa State University; Mack Shelley, Iowa State University; Mary Goodwin, Iowa State University; Mary Darrow, Iowa State University; Frankie Santos Laanan, Iowa State University; Jacqulyn Baughman, Iowa State University; Harry McMaken, Des Moines Area Community College

Partnership Program (APP)with Iowa community colleges to support prospective transfer students in engineering, called E-APP. Students have access to services before transferring to ISU. An electronic professionalnetwork, hosted by transfer peer mentors and used by pre-engineering community collegestudents across the state, has been created to facilitate early interactions. Community collegestudents are assigned an academic advisor to facilitate transfer planning and are invited to attendthe fall and spring engineering career fairs at ISU, providing opportunities for career explorationand meetings with faculty, staff, students, and employers.AdvisingThe Advising Objective Team has focused on improving advising programming for transferstudents through

Collection

2010 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Amelito Enriquez

, CA, was awarded a Minority Science and Engineering Improvement Program(MSEIP) grant by the US Department of Education to develop and implement a project that aimsto maximize the likelihood of success among underrepresented and educationally disadvantagedstudents interested in pursuing careers in STEM fields. The project, entitled Student On-rampLeading to Engineering and Sciences (SOLES), incorporates strategies that address challengesand barriers to recruitment, retention and success of minority students. Among the strategiesdeveloped for this project are two summer programs that were implemented for the first time insummer 2009. The Summer Math Jam is a two-week intensive mathematics program designedto improve student preparation for

Conference Session

Exemplary Outreach Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Edginton Bigelow, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Page 15.1024.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 Reflections of College Students Promoting Engineering Through Biomechanical Outreach Activities Indicate Dual BenefitsAbstractRecent work by the National Academy of Engineering revealed that the public has a poorunderstanding of what engineers actually do on a day-to-day basis.1 This issue is compoundedfor non-traditional fields in engineering, such as biomechanical engineering. This is particularlyproblematic as such fields could draw interest from students not interested in traditionalengineering careers, resulting in increased diversity.To address this, mechanical engineering students taking an elective course, BiomechanicalEngineering, were given an outreach

Conference Session

Introducing Programming in the First Year

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Gordon, The Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

AC 2010-869: USING COMPUTER MODELING PROBLEMS FORUNDERGRADUATE ENGINEERING EDUCATIONSteven Gordon, The Ohio State University Page 15.1321.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 Using Computer Modeling Problems for Undergraduate Engineering EducationAbstractModeling and simulation can be used to implement inquiry-based learning in engineeringcourses that actively involve students in the learning process, improve their problem-solvingskills, and encourage them to pursue careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, andMathematics (STEM) disciplines. This approach was used in the creation of a thirteen dayworkshop for college credit for high

Conference Session

Experiential Learning in BME

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

DeRome Dunn, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Robin Liles, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Clinton Lee, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Shawn Watlington, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Courtney Lambeth, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Devdas Pai, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

exit interviews were performed to assess the impact of the intensive researchexperiences upon REU and RET understanding of the Biomaterials field and upon their ways ofthinking about creativity and innovation, diversity of thinking, and entrepreneurship. SevenREUs and five RETs participated in the entrance interviews; five REUs and four RETsparticipated in the exit interviews. Survey questions were subdivided into five topics:bioengineering, diversity, innovation, entrepreneurship, impressions from the researchexperience, and short-/long-term career and academic goals. A sixth topic addressed participantindividual learning goals, quantified on a goal attainment scale of -2 to +2 (M = 0).Parsimonious interpretation of assessment data suggests

Collection

2010 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Edwin Odom; Don Blackketter; Larry Stauffer; Steven Beyerlein

Less Common FunctionsRecruiting High School OutreachAdvising Career Planning/PlacementTutoring Student Organizations/Leadership DevelopmentScholarships International ProgramsAcademic Standards MentoringTransfer Articulation Honors CoursesDiversity Programs Freshman Programs/OrientationA common theme of all these engineering services centers seems to be elevation of learnerefficacy, especially among prospective and pre-engineering students. Components of learnerefficacy that need special attention are (1) realistic life

Conference Session

High School Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Heersink, Colorado School of Mines; Wanda Dann, Carnegie Mellon University; Barbara Moskal, Colorado School of Mines; Alka Herriger, Purdue; Steven Cooper, Purdue

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

): students’ confidence and interests in computing and their perception of its usefulness.The computer science instrument was originally designed for a first year college population24and has been adapted here for a high school population. The computer science survey can befound in Figure 1. The information technology survey is displayed in Figure 2 and was adaptedfrom the computer science survey. This investigation reports the results of the informationtechnology survey’s first implementation on a student population.High school was selected as the target population for this investigation because this is a period inwhich students are beginning to form opinions about future majors and careers. Understandinghigh

Conference Session

Research on The First Year II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Pieronek, University of Notre Dame; Kerry Meyers, University of Notre Dame; Sara Skiles, University of Notre Dame; Sean Kelly, University of Notre Dame; Leo McWilliams, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

profession. Course enrollments range from 300 to 400 students annually.Over seven years (Classes of 2005 through 2011, referring to the expected four-year graduationyear of the entering first-year class), students have participated in in-class surveys three timesduring the course of the year: at the beginning and the end of the fall semester, and at the end ofthe spring semester. The survey questions related to, among other things, demographics, priorexperiences, interests and future career goals. We analyzed the aggregate responses of thesestudent cohorts for statistically significant differences, and evaluated the data in progressiveregression models to predict student retention into the sophomore year (as determined by astudent’s self-selection

Collection

2010 ERC

Authors

John J McGrath

research at the FDA: 1)Faculty at FDA; 2) Graduate Student Fellowships; 3) PostdoctoralFellowships; and, 4) Undergraduate Student Research Experiences.Number of Awards Anticipated: 3 to 10Funding Anticipated: $500,000Due Dates: April 27, 2010; March 15, 2011; March 15, AnnuallyThereafter CBET/DOE Initiative• Details Expected to Be Public Soon13  FY 2010 NSF Initiatives FY10 Budget Request to Congress è Cyber-enabled Discovery and Innovation (CDI) è Science and Engineering Beyond Moore‛s Law (SEBML) è National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) è RE-ENERGYSE è Graduate Research Fellowships (GRF) è CAREER Awards è Broadening Participation è Science & Technology

Conference Session

Technological Literacy - Courses, Educational and Accreditation Standards

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Blake, Austin Peay State University

Tagged Divisions

Technological Literacy Constituent Committee

concept of teaching technological literacythroughout the curriculum. Page 15.1193.2IntroductionFirst year courses are an integral part of many engineering and engineering technology degreeprograms. These courses serve to introduce newly declared majors to careers in engineering andtechnology. A student taking such a course should come away with a foundation of knowledgeabout engineering and technology, about the different engineering disciplines, the work involved,and career prospects to be able to make an informed decision on whether they should pursuesuch a degree or not and what discipline would be the best match to their talents and

Conference Session

Mentoring First Year Students

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rose Marra, University of Missouri; Whitney Edmister, Virginia Tech; Bevlee Watford, Virginia Tech; Barbara Bogue, Pennsylvania State University; Chia-Lin Tsai, University of Missouri; Fleur Gooden, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Engineering award due to her efforts to increase the recruitment, retention, and graduation rates of under-represented students in engineering.Barbara Bogue, Pennsylvania State University BARBARA BOGUE is Associate Professor of Engineering Science and Mechanics and Women in Engineering. She is Co-Director of AWE and AWISE. Her research interests include recruitment and retention of women in engineering, assessment and career development.Chia-Lin Tsai, University of MissouriFleur Gooden, Virginia Tech FLEUR N. GOODEN is a graduate assistant in the Center for the Enhancement of Engineering Diversity at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. She received her B.S. in Computer Science and

Collection

2010 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Nebojsa Jaksic; Jeff Piquette; Melvin Druelinger; David Lehmpuhl; Helen Caprioglio; Juyun Cho; Paul Chacon; Michael Mincic

four-year scholarships. This work analyzes the third-year activities of re-building, sustaining, and nurturing the cohort of about 20 scholars consistingof mechatronics, civil engineering technology, computer information systems, physics, biology,chemistry, and mathematics students. When compared with the previous year, results show asignificant improvement in retention. Mentoring needs and activities increased while tutoringneeds ended. Some cohort members started undergraduate research projects with their mentorswhile some others became involved in engineering design projects and competitions. Through anaggressive student placement program and two career fairs, some cohort students were able tosecure internships.IntroductionTo battle high

Conference Session

Developing Young MINDS in Engineering - Part I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Jones, Louisiana State University; Kelly Rusch, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge; Warren Waggenspack, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge; Roger Seals, Louisiana State University; Vaneshette Henderson, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

well academically, and they had a cumulative GPA  of 3.383. With respect to programs, the students have evaluated the seminars positively. The2008 freshman cohort reported that they were actively participating in many of the careerservices (Career Services Center - 88%) and academic assistance programs (Center for AcademicSuccess - 77%) that would impact their academic success, professional development and overallbalance of life.IntroductionFulfilling the need for college graduates in science, engineering and technology has beenidentified as a critical element in maintaining the United States’ progress and leadership in acompetive, technology driven world economy1. Unfortunately, overall enrollment in engineeringdegree programs has declined

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Education: Upperclass Years

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Monica Cox, Purdue University; Angie Andriot, Purdue University; Stephen Beaudoin, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

preparation of engineering doctoral students for careers in academia and industry and the development of engineering education assessment tools. She is a NSF Faculty Early Career (CAREER) award winner and is a recipient of a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE).Angie Andriot, Purdue University Angie Andriot is currently a doctoral student in the Department of Sociology at Purdue University. Her dissertation, entitled “Gender and Engineering Identity Development among Undergraduate Majors,” is partially funded by grants from the National Science Foundation and the Purdue Research Foundation. Angie also works part-time doing research for the College of Engineering