Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Shreya Gupta, Bit Project, College of Engineering, UC Davis; Dong Gyun Kim, Bit Project, College of Engineering, UC Davis; Victoria Kang Li Xu, Bit Project, College of Engineering, UC Davis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

organizational issues in technical, formal, and casual writing. She has primarily written and edited lesson plans for K-12 STEM education, proposals to university departments for educational collaboration, and instructional guides on using industry-standard programs. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Implementing Student-Led Outreach Programs for K-5 Engineering EducationAbstractIn contrast to existing university outreach programs, Bit Project’s undergraduate curriculumdevelopers produce student and teacher manuals for use in class. Manuals encourage explorationprocesses for data collection and presentation, promote teacher involvement in classroom events,and

Collection

2020 PPC

Authors

Miriam Quintal

to Engineering Schools and Colleges –Science and Security –Immigration – high-skilled immigration and student talent pipeline (e.g. H1B visas, OPT, DACA)• Inform Education, Research, and STEM Policy –Research agency reauthorizations (e.g. NSF, Defense, NASA, Applied Energy) –National Defense Education Act reauthorization –Higher Education Act reauthorization – student impacts, teacher trainingTalking PointsHandoutConsiderations for Visit Preparations• Make a plan for each meeting –Who will lead off discussion –Key topics to address –Any pitfalls to avoid• Consider Member priorities and connected examples of research and student successes –Connect to committee assignments or leadership positions, district assets, etc.• If meeting

Collection

2020 ERC

Authors

John Coulter

• Startup funds negotiations and management• Graduate curriculum, student policies and procedures, and/or scholar exchange programs• Graduate student diversity• Allocation of funds for graduate student recruitment and positions• Faculty retention, tenure and promotion reviews for the College3) Throw out the White Board4) Make Friends with otherAssociate Deans, and Enjoy the Job!SESSION PLAN• Sharing of sample lessons learned by the moderators• Table based working group activity• Report back and summary • Each table must share two selected lessons learned from experience • An example of something that went well and led to a positive outcome • A negative or comical example that led to valuable learning

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering in K-12 and the First Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ashlee N Ford Versypt, Oklahoma State University; Daria Khvostichenko, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

drilling fluids at Schlumberger. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Clean Water through Chemical Engineering: Introducing K-12 Students to ChE Using FiltrationAbstractThe authors have developed a lesson plan on water filtration to introduce K-12 students tochemical engineering through hands-on activities. The primary motivation for developing thelesson was to hook K-12 students into the societal impact of chemical engineering in addressingthe grand challenge of providing access to clean water. Our secondary motivation was to developoutreach materials related to our research on transport in pores and microchannels. The full planwas developed as part of a graduate course

Conference Session

Capstone Pedgagogy

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nicholas A Baine P.E., Grand Valley State University; Karl Brakora, Grand Valley State University; Christopher P. Pung P.E., Grand Valley State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

“…an ability to function effectively on a team whosemembers together provide leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establishgoals, plan tasks, and meet objectives.” This assessment is performed by measuring each of thecomponents of outcome (5): leadership, collaboration, inclusion, goal setting, task management,and an ability to meet objectives.ABET requires each program to be assessed independently without data from students of differentmajors, even if taking the same course. The capstone project sequence at Grand Valley StateUniversity (GVSU) is well-suited to assess students’ ability to work in a team; however, thecapstone class consists of multidisciplinary teams drawn from multiple engineering programs,making

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Zachary Minken, Arcadia University; Augusto Z. Macalalag Jr., Arcadia University; Najah Naylor

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

external site.) (Links to an external site.). In 2014, Dr. Macalalag conceptualized and developed the STEM Education Graduate Certificate Program (Links to an external site.) for in-service elementary and middle school teachers. The certificate program’s goal is to foster teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in planning, implementing and assessing instructions that incorporate science and engineering practices based on the National Research Council’s Framework for K-12 Science Education. The STEM certificate program has five courses (15 credits) that include an environmental education preview to Sicily, Italy.Ms. Najah Naylor MEd, MBA Ms. Najah Naylor is a Computer Science Educator within the Philadelphia School

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Didier M. Valdes, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Carla Lopez Del Puerto, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Alberto M. Figueroa-Medina, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez; Benjamin Colucci, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Rocío Juliana Sotomayor-Irizarry, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

) and Safety Data, Analysis and Evaluation (ANB20). Former President and General Manager of the Metropolitan Bus Authority (MBA) and Former Executive Director of the Puerto Rico Integrated Transit Authority (PRITA).Dr. Benjamin Colucci, University of Puerto Rico at MayaguezMs. Roc´ıo Juliana Sotomayor-Irizarry, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Developing an Educational Module to Increase Engineering Students’ Knowledge of Highway Work Zones and Temporary Traffic Control PlansAbstractMotor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of fatalities of road users and construction workersin highway work zones. Temporary Traffic Control (TTC) plans are

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Curriculum and Course Development

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David Brandes, Lafayette College; Lauren Sefcik Anderson, Lafayette College

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

, and then an external review of the engineering division in 2011 allrecommended that additional structures be developed to encourage cross-disciplinary areas ofstudy within engineering and to better integrate engineering with the liberal arts environment ofthe college. However, other priorities, a reduction in total courses from 38 to 36, and a generallack of support from engineering faculty for new programs led to inaction on major curricularchange until the past three years. A new administration and strategic growth plan adopted by thecollege in 2016 provided a renewed opportunity to consider how the engineering division mightrespond to some of the recommendations of the earlier reviews. In this paper we describe thelengthy process of

Collection

2017 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Raj Desai

2017 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Section Annual Conference Teaching Innovation to Freshmen Engineering Students Raj Desai Midwestern State University, TexasAbstractCompanies profit and grow through the development of innovative products and designs. Thus, industriesinvest substantial parts of their profits into research and development, seeking the most innovative ideas andemployees to find those ideas. Employees are motivated to be creative, especially when the potential forrecognition exists. Engineers are often the leaders of product development teams. For product developmentin industry, a structured plan may be

Conference Session

Promoting Technical Communication Skills

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sarah Summers, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Rebecca Bercich, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Phillip Cornwell, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Daniel Takashi Kawano, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; James E. Mayhew, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Sean Moseley, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Tech- nology. He received a B.S. from The Georgia Institute of Technology and an M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2020 The impact of scaffolded writing instruction on follow-up course assignmentsThe Mechanical Engineering Department at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology implementeda series of scaffolded assignments across several required courses to improve memo writinginstruction. The goal of the scaffolding plan was to encourage students to transfer previouswriting instruction to new contexts and write professional documents

Conference Session

STEM Issues in ET II

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jimmy Ching-ming Chen, Wayne State University; Gene Yeau-Jian Liao, Wayne State University; Roger C. Lo, California State University, Long Beach; Praveen Shankar, California State University, Long Beach

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

applications to solving chemical and biological problems, such as fuel cells, microreactors, and high-throughput chemical/biological assays.Dr. Praveen Shankar, California State University, Long Beach Dr. Praveen Shankar is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engi- neering at California State University, Long Beach. Dr. Shankar’s research expertise is in the analysis and design of control systems for complex dynamic systems. He serves as the director the Collaborative Autonomous Systems Laboratory at CSULB which focuses on the development and testing of advanced motion planning and control technologies for autonomous robotic systems. American

Conference Session

Research in Faculty Development

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Samara R. Boyle, Rice University; Yvette E. Pearson P.E., Rice University; Margaret E. Beier, Rice University; Jacqueline Gilberto, Rice University; Stephen P. Mattingly, University of Texas at Arlington; Ann Saterbak, Duke University; Anila K. Shethia, Rice University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division

physical activity levels to travel modes, transportation mobility for the transportation disadvantaged, and the development of planning and transit performance measures for access to opportunities, integrating sustainability into the engineering curriculum and creating an engi- neering sustainability minor. He has published several articles in the Transportation Research Record, other journals and conferences on these and other related topics. He is currently serving on the Transportation Research Board (TRB) Committee on Aircraft/Airport Compatibility and is a past member of the TRB Committees on Traffic Flow and Characteristics and Transportation Network Modeling. Stephen is also a member of the Ameri- can Society

Conference Session

STEM Issues in ET

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University; David E. Thompson, Sam Houston State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

experimental and theoretical STEM research. Additionally, students were expected toselect a future research topic with the assistance of an active faculty researcher who was willingto serve as a mentor; design and present a research prospectus, complete a mini review of literaturerelevant to their chosen research topic; and to make preliminary plans for starting the researchproject in the following semester.Although designed with the best of intentions, the course ran into substantial institutionalroadblocks that prevented its continuation. The paper concludes with a summary of the discussionsheld with stakeholders about the course, its goals, and its challenges, and the evolution from acourse-based strategy into a more institutionally viable

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Elliott Bryner, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Daniel Dannelley, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

derived quantities such as volumetric ormass flow rate. Students work with a number of types of probes (Kiel probes, pitot-static tubes),measurement systems (square edge orifice plate, venture tube), and experimental equipment tomake these measurements. The students use National Instruments data acquisition and controlhardware and LabVIEW software extensively in the lab portion of the course.This two credit course, one credit lecture and one credit lab, places a high level of emphasis oncritical thinking and originality through several open-ended laboratory assignments and a groupproject. These activates focus on planning an experimental program, designing the measurementsystem, reducing the data, and interpreting the results. Students will

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: REU 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mathew Kuttolamadom, Texas A&M University; Jyhwen Wang, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

was matched based on complementing skills andinterests. Creating such collaborative teams was intended to promote both horizontal and verticallearning in an interactive environment, thus laying the pathway to mold independent researcherswho are also team players. During this time, they were immersed in hands-on researchexperiences comprising of a transformative research project, capsulated technical sessions andcomplementary lab practice, field tours, research seminars, and professional developmentworkshops; this on-site experience was supplemented with a 1-year follow-up for continuedinteraction, growth, and guidance for pursuing advanced study. Student deliverables includeddissemination of research results, and a follow-up plan tailored to

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: Competitions, Challenges, and Teams

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Yaxin Huang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Jiabin Zhu, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Zhinan Zhang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competitive Activities on Engineering Students’ Entrepreneurial IntentionAbstract：An increased number of technological innovation and entrepreneurial competitiveactivities have been organized in engineering schools and beyond to raise students’entrepreneurial awareness and cultivate relevant skills. In this study, a mixed method researchbased on Planned Behavior Theory is being used to explore the outcomes of innovation andentrepreneurial competitions, in particular the influence of engaging in these competitiveactivities on engineering students’ entrepreneurial intention. This work-in-progress firstreports the construction of a customized survey, in particular the process of identifying

Conference Session

Engineering Design Graphics Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Robert A. Chin, East Carolina University; Ranjeet Agarwala, East Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

20 5.00% Drawing Identification-Architectural Numbering-Drawing Management 30 7.50% Dimensioning and Notations 25 6.25% Floor Plan Layout-Relationships-Identification and Terminology 20 5.00% HVAC-Plumbing-Electrical Plans-Identification and Terminology 25 6.25% Roof Plans-Identification and Terminology 15 3.75% Elevations 15 3.75% Framing-Framing Plans-Identification and Terminology 20 5.00% Foundation Plans-Identification and Terminology

Collection

2020 First-Year Engineering Experience

Authors

Andrew Assadollahi, P.E., Christian Brothers University; Gene McGinnis Jr. P.E., Christian Brothers University

Christian Brothers University. He teaches courses in Transportation Engineering and Construction Engineering. Required courses include: Civil Engineering Graphics, Geomatics and Lab, Construction Materials and Lab, Highway Engineering and Engineering Economy. Elective courses include: Traffic Engineering, Heavy Construction Equipment and Methods, Construction Cost Estimating and Cost Control, Construction Management and Planning and Scheduling. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Tennessee. His professional experience includes bridge inspection and evaluation, roadway and interstate design, traffic planning and the design of earth- fill dams. He is the Past President of the America Society of Civil

Collection

2020 First-Year Engineering Experience

Authors

Mary Katherine Watson, The Citadel; Simon Thomas Ghanat P.E., The Citadel; Timothy Aaron Wood, The Citadel; William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Tara Hornor, The Citadel; Kevin C Bower P.E., The Citadel

Tagged Topics

Diversity

civil engineering education.Dr. William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel William J. Davis is Dept. Head & D. Graham Copeland Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of Construction Engineering at The Citadel in Charleston, SC. His academic experience includes: transporta- tion infrastructure planning and design, infrastructure resilience, traffic operations, highway safety, and geographic information systems. His research interests include: constructing spatial databases for bet- ter management of transportation infrastructure, improving transportation design, operation, safety and construction, understanding long-term effects of urban development patterns, and advancing active living within the built environment

Conference Session

Engineering Librarian Collaborations in the Library, On Campus, and Beyond

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cari Kaurloto, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

desire to properly address these challenges in my new work environment, I lookedfor frameworks to help organize thoughts, plans, and goals in order to be solutions oriented andforward thinking. Solution-focused therapy, while primarily applied in the field of psychology,has also been applied to organizational studies and workplace culture as it emphasizes coaching,finding cooperation, feedback, conflict resolution, and situation management [1]. Thisframework provided a method to rank problems, identify factors outside of my or my unit’scontrol, and craft solutions [2]. This model was originally appealing because it provided aframework for discussing these problems with my entire unit; by emphasizing solutions,cooperation, and feedback, the

Conference Session

Engineering Design Graphics Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Theodore J. Branoff, Illinois State University; Kevin L. Devine, Illinois State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

, jigs, fixtures, and other mechanical devices used in manufacturingenvironments and being able to read and interpret manufacturing documentation such as blueprints, technical drawings and diagrams, production plans, tooling plans, quality plans, andsafety plans. One of the key outcomes of TEC333 is that students can apply appropriate datumreference frames to designs. Students are asked to demonstrate their understanding of the datumreference frame concepts in several ways throughout the course on a pretest, tests, onlinequizzes, modeling & drawing assignments, measuring assignments, and the final exam. Specificexamples include labeling a datum reference frame origin on a given drawing, sketching datumfeature symbols on a drawing given

Collection

2019 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Michael Hennessey

(EML) into an undergraduate Dynamics course within a mechanical engineering program. A “KEEN” team project was given to the students in which they were asked to pretend that they were members of a startup company that would design, build, test, market, and sell a product with some dynamics content to it. As part of the exercise, the 20 teams worked on idea generation, concept development and identification of required activities, in addition to writing a draft Business Plan. Product ideas varied across different economic sectors including power generation, sports technology, transportation, food and beverage technology, and health care. Grading of the resulting reports incorporated factors such as: (1

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Curriculum and Course Development

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Edward F. Crawley, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Mark Bathe, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Rea Lavi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Amitava "Babi" Mitra, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

systems” that will addressmajor societal needs and challenges of the 21st century. NEET alumni will be prepared towork as entrepreneurs, innovators, makers, and discoverers, through learning and practicingthe NEET Ways of Thinking: cognitive approaches that help students think, plan, and learnmore effectively and efficiently on their own and within teams. Student enrollment in theprogram steadily increased from 28 in Fall 2017, through 52 in Fall 2018, to 83 in Fall 2019,making the program significantly larger than most new academic programs in the past, andlarger than many majors. Starting in Fall 2018, NEET began to pilot the Ways of Thinking(WoT) through cross-school initiatives at MIT, where faculty and colleagues in the School ofHumanities

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Technical Session: Assessment and Accreditation: Making the Grade!

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

J. Asuncion Zarate-Garcia, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Ariadna Serrano-Reyes, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Miguel X. Rodriguez-Paz, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Israel Zamora-Hernandez

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Tecnologico de Monterrey. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 A CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT MODEL TO ENHANCE ACADEMIC QUALITY IN ENGINEERING PROGRAMSAbstractOne of the main challenges in all areas of education is to ensure that the academic quality of theteaching – learning process is enhanced continuously. In this work, we present a continuousimprovement process based on Deming´s Plan-Do-Check-Act (also known as PDCA) continuousquality improvement model which was implemented in the School of Engineering and Sciencesat Tecnologico de Monterrey campus Puebla. This model encompasses a one-year cycle, it startsin August and ends in July. Faculty of the Academic Departments participate in the

Conference Session

Perceptions, Projects, and Practical Approaches

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Seyed Mohammad Seyed Ardakani P.E., Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Engineering Education, 2020 An EML Project on Steel Beam DesignAbstractStudents get to know how to apply the AISC requirements for the design of steel beams in thefirst steel design course. This is usually done through straight forward and predefined problemsand parameters, which is not always the case in the real world. The current paper describes atwo-week-long project on the addition of a balcony to the new engineering building at OhioNorthern University. The purpose of the project is to help students get more familiar with thetypical loading and framing plans of steel structures, the design process, and improve theirentrepreneurial mindset by applying Kern Entrepreneurial Engineering Network (KEEN)learning objectives on

Conference Session

Design Across Curriculum 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ha Nguyen, University of California, Irvine; Liang Li Wu, University of California, Irvine; Gregory N. Washington, University of California, Irvine; Kyu Yon Lim, Ewha Womans University; Christian Fischer, University of Tübingen, Germany

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Collaboration and Design Practices in First-Year Project-Based EngineeringFostering first-year project-based learning (PBL) environments helps to engage students inengineering design practices and broaden their participation pathways in engineering fields [1].PBL collaborative design activities provide unique opportunities for students to develop,negotiate, and finetune designs. These design activities represent several engineering procedures,from planning projects and improving a production process to developing new materials [2].However, the collaborative design process in PBL is not well understood. Although researchershave conceptualized engineering design process among engineering

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 4 - Innovating Engineering Education through Industry and Community Partnerships, Maker Spaces, Competitions, Research Initiatives, and Experiential Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative and Experiential Education

bring students from across the country to auniversity campus for the summer. These students learn how to conduct real research in theirdiscipline by actually doing it, under the supervision of a faculty mentor. Many students whoparticipate in REU programs remember these programs long after the program is complete. TheREU experience of working with a faculty mentor on bona fide research is undoubtedly key tothe educational and career planning benefits that students enjoy. The best REU experiencestypically don’t happen by accident. They must be deliberately planned. Despite the importanceof this component of REU programs, minimal literature related REU social programs exists.This paper considers what makes a strong REU social program.1

Conference Session

WIP It! Faculty Development Style!

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Heather Dillon, University of Portland; Lindy Hamilton Mayled, Arizona State University; Mark L. Nagurka, Marquette University; Maria-Isabel Carnasciali, University of New Haven; Douglas E. Melton, Kern Entrepreneurial Engineering Network

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division

resulting in a diverse group of faculty participants from approximately 30schools. Aside from travel and lodging support for the duration of the workshop, no other financial incentiveswere provided to participants.Experienced engineering faculty serve as facilitators whoplan, coordinate, and deliver the workshops and otherexperienced engineering faculty serve as coaches whoengage with participants at and after the workshop for oneyear. Coaches may attend all or part of a workshop or joinvirtually, most typically at the end of the workshop to learnparticipant plans for their project, module, and/or activity.In each workshop, scheduled for three days, the facultyparticipants were trained on both evidence-basedpedagogical tools and methods to

Collection

2020 ERC

Authors

Lynne Parker

planning for the use of funds in Fiscal Year 2020 and in future years. Heads of these agencies shall also consider appropriate administrative actions to increase focus on AI for 2019.” 10FY2020 Federal nondefense AI R&DFunding FY2020 Budget: • Leading nondefense AI R&D investments:  NSF ($488M)  NIH ($203M)  DOE ($162M) • Additionally, DoD invests in

Conference Session

Engineering Management Division 4: Teaching and Learning in Engineering Management

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sandra L. Furterer, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

: • System dynamicsRequirements & • Develop Business • SIPOC (behavior, systemArchitecture requirements • Value Chain & Functional Decomposition elements) • Develop system requirements • Use Case Diagram • Cybernetics • Develop measurement plan Requirements: (information flow) • Develop a quality • Customer requirements • Systems thinking