me where I thought I was in terms of readiness for quals.” Jane describedher PI as “really nice....respectful in a sense of...he knew that I was in the qualifying exam so hewasn’t very like, expecting all of this data” and reflected “so that was nice that I...didn’t have asmany responsibilities in the lab.” Both students articulated that their PIs were amenable to themshifting their focus to QE preparations in exchange for a drop in research productivity.Finding 3: Engagement levels are linked to changes in emotion strength and valenceDisengaging from research and/or QE-related work was related to positive emotions. Fishexplained how he was “ramping down my research productivity” to focus on QE preparations.Leslie went to a conference before
assessment, and Mann-Whitney U tests for comparing adjustment ratingsacross demographic groups. The Mann-Whitney tests were chosen due to ordinal data, non-normaldistribution, and unequal variances [18]. These analyses identified patterns in students’ adjustmentexperiences and explored differences among demographic groups, analyzing Laanan’s factorsfrom the original L-TSQ. However, these analyses are exploratory, focusing on self-reportedexperiences rather than predictive or causal relationships. The qualitative component included open-ended questions to gather reflections on students’adjustment, actions their previous institution or SU could have taken to ease the transition, andadvice for future transfer students. The data were analyzed using
an overview of eachstudent’s participation in the meeting, including a visualization of the duration and cadence ofindividual student’s participation. The 'Topics' section categorizes the students’ discussion intodistinct, color-coded topics by duration. The ‘Chapters’ section (not shown) provides a structuraloverview of the meeting by breaking down the discussion into thematic or contextual sections thatare time-stamped, reflecting the flow of the students’ discussion. The ‘AI Notes’ section has twoparts: ‘Meeting notes,’ which break down student discussions and key decisions; and ‘Follow-uptasks’ which detail the action items. The AI recap also includes a searchable transcript and recordingof the meeting which allow quick location and
that this instructor used when introducing thestudents to this unit was “critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively andskillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating informationgathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, orcommunication, as a guide to making decisions” [modified from 1,4]. This particular definitionutilizes higher-order thinking skills (conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/orevaluating), which are synonymous with the higher-order thinking skills of Bloom’s taxonomy(analyze, evaluate, create). These higher-order thinking skills are integral parts of theengineering design process, namely the steps “generate
al., 2019 [17]. The research team will payparticular attention to currently held positions, posts reflecting on career achievements, andadditional certifications or skills the participants underwent after graduation. Following the thematic coding of both the previously conducted interviews and theLinkedIn profiles, coders will compare the data to evaluate the alignment of participants postingsto the aspirations they voiced in the past. The research team will discuss the outcomes until alldiscrepancies are addressed and the findings agreed upon.Results/Findings As of now, our study is in the preliminary stages. All data presented in this work are inthe initial stages of the coding process and may not be representative of our
. Memes, as culturally relevant andoften humorous artifacts, offer a unique lens into the shared experiences, values, and normswithin the engineering community. The flexibility of memes as a medium allows them topromote a sense of community through shared meanings related to identity, inclusion, language,and cultural symbols [4]. To guide this study, we asked the following research questions: (1)What are the perceptions of students regarding the engineering programs at their university? and(2) How is engineering culture reflected in the meme content that undergraduate students chooseto create and share? To address these questions, we conducted a qualitative content analysis ofover 400 memes submitted by engineering students in a foundational
and equity-based multi-criteria decision-making. Students gain anunderstanding of factors influencing community resilience (LO1) and learn to apply multi-criteriadecision-making to infrastructure systems (LO2) and integrate equity considerations into theirdecisions (LO3). They also learn to evaluate the impact of various choices on different communitystakeholders, particularly marginalized groups (LO4), collaborate with peers to reach equitabledecisions (LO5), and reflect on their learning experiences to apply these insights in real-worldscenarios (LO6). These objectives shaped the game's structure, components, actions, special roles, andscoring system to ensure a comprehensive learning experience. The current paper focuses
, conclusion) blank, and other sections suggesting that students write aboutmaterial-nonspecific concepts. The goal of this penultimate scaffold is to be entirely generalizable,so that students could use the same guidelines to write the third and fourth lab report. The last lab’sscaffold is blank. The teaching team provides detailed feedback and returns reports at least oneweek before the next report is due to ensure continuous improvement. As scaffold supportdecreases, the points associated with the report increase (first: 20 points, last: 50 points), such thatthe total score for each lab is out of 50 points.After submitting the lab report, students complete a self-reflection including two Likert-style andfour free-response questions. Likert-type
refine ideas through observation. Their drawings reveal a cognitive process thatmerged visual thinking with tactile engagement. Later artists, such as Vincent van Gogh andEdvard Munch, engaged in repetitive and expressive mark-making that mirrored their emotionalstates. For them, sketching became a means of reflection and emotional processing. In bothtraditions, the act of drawing or writing by hand created a bridge between physical action andmental focus. This integration of hand movement, attention, and emotion represents an embodiedform of cognition—one that supports clarity, emotional regulation, and creative insight.MethodsTo address our research questions, we identified three sets of keywords and conducted searchesusing IEEE Xplore, SCOPUS
promote social equity andcommunity transformation. The program emphasizes ethical and reflective engagement with thesocio-cultural and environmental aspects of scientific research. Through immersiveundergraduate research experiences, the program aims to foster personal growth and culturalawareness among students as they co-create socially impactful solutions in partnership withcommunities.Program DescriptionThe collaborative STEM Research for Social Change REU program welcomed its inauguralcohort of eight undergraduates in the summer of 2024. Over a three-year period, including thesummers of 2025 and 2026, the program will engage a total of 28 undergraduates in a 10-weektransformative research experience. The experience is thematically focused on
, students answered several reflection questions about theirexperience in the course, as part of a required course assignment. Three of these questions wereselected for analysis: (1) What is one piece of advice you would give to student teams taking thisclass in the future? Why?; (2) What was the most difficult, challenging, or demanding thingabout ENGL XXX?; and (3) What was the best thing about ENGL XXX? Responses from 450+students were qualitatively analyzed. The themes that emerged from this data analysis arepresented in this paper, and are used as part of the evaluation of this course.This paper will (1) describe the course and course assignments, (2) summarize student responsesto the reflection questions listed above, (3) identify, based on
designing devices that could improve the lives ofpeople like her swim coach, who experienced a major accident. Following a concussion and aperiod of reflection at the hospital, Maria discovered that Public Health would allow her to enjoythe content she was learning, feel included as a woman and minority in her program, and fulfillher desires to impact the lives of others holistically.I took [Project Lead the Way (PLTW) courses] in high school, and I just really liked that[engineering ] classes [gave us] the flexibility to create solutions in our own ways. [And]growing up too, I always liked knowing how the things worked. My swim coach was in anaccident and was paralyzed from the waist down. And watching him go through all the stuff thathe had to
Paper ID #48430BOARD # 234: Developing Critically-Conscious Aerospace Engineers throughMacroethics Curricula: Year 2 (IUSE)Dr. Aaron W. Johnson, University of Michigan Aaron W. Johnson is an Assistant Professor in the Aerospace Engineering Department and a Core Faculty member of the Engineering Education Research Program at the University of Michigan. His design-based research focuses on how to re-contextualize engineering science engineering courses to better reflect and prepare students for the reality of ill-defined, sociotechnical engineering practice. Current projects include studying and designing classroom
hands-on activities in a 3Dprinting lab, culminating in reflective essays and portfolio presentations. This multi-phase,student-centered approach integrated immersive learning, collaboration, and practical applicationto enhance CT skills. The study used the CT Scale, a validated tool developed by Korkmaz et al. (2017) [8] andadapted by Ojajuni et al. (2024) [9] for underrepresented engineering populations. This five-point Likert scale evaluates five core CT dimensions: Creative Thinking, Algorithmic Thinking,Cooperative Thinking, Critical Thinking, and Problem-Solving. Pre- and post-tests measured CTskills before and after the intervention, with all assessments conducted under controlledconditions to ensure accuracy and reliability
practices. His recent work focuses on AI-assisted grading tools and dynamic, multi-version assessments that improve academic integrity and efficiency at scale. He has also introduced self-marking strategies inspired by Indigenous assessment practices to promote reflection and deeper learning. In addition, he pioneered the Fantasy Mechanics League (FML), a gamified classroom framework that enhances student motivation and engagement in large lecture settings. His work is grounded in the belief that ”teaching empowers you to create countless lives through the brilliant minds you cultivate.”Mr. Mohammad Talebi-Kalaleh, University of Alberta Mohammad Talebi-Kalaleh is a self-motivated third-year PhD student in Structural
and value. Have students match their packinglist to the solution.Activity Reflection. After completion of the activity, students were asked what optimization wasand given an opportunity to share their thoughts. The activity reflection can be shortened orlengthened to fill the remaining time for the 45 minute time slot depending on how quickly thestudents complete the activity.Results and DiscussionPilot TestingThe activity was pilot tested with graduate students and the target audience of 3rd-6th gradestudents. The activity was pilot tested with four graduate students at The University of Alabamain Huntsville to identify any errors and confirm the correct solutions were able to be identified. The activity was also pilot tested for 7
contentwhile also fostering their confidence and sense of belonging in the field.The cultural competence principle involves helping students to appreciate and celebrate theirown cultural backgrounds while also understanding and respecting others. This element of theCRP includes encouraging students to explore and affirm their cultural identities, integratingdiverse cultural perspectives into the curriculum to reflect the backgrounds of all students, andteaching students to navigate and appreciate cultural differences, fostering a more inclusive andharmonious classroom environment [1]. In engineering, this might involve integrating diverseperspectives in problem-solving scenarios and acknowledging the contributions of engineersfrom various cultural
experience from the workshop, content of theworkshop, and their experience within the team. • For team collaboration, the score was based on the synergy of the work and the team members. Each team was required to reflect on the collaboration among the team members in terms of what worked and what did not work for their interdisciplinary collaboration. • For the final presentation, we suggested a presentation structure and outlined the main components in the presentation. Each team member was required to participate in the presentation. In addition, each member was asked to present part of the materials that was outside their background (i.e., the work of other team members). As a result, participants in each team needed
detailedframework that students can engage with, practice, and ultimately use within the context of theirdesign project [16]. The five spaces of HCD are Understand, Synthesize, Ideate, Prototype, andImplement. Within these five spaces, further breakdown is achieved through subspaces thatinclude understanding the challenge, building knowledge, weighing options and makingdecisions, generating ideas, prototyping, reflecting, and revising/iterating. It is shown thatlearning about HCD and implementing them in a design project within a semester-long course iscomplex and challenging [5, 7], with certain course elements, instructional models, and specificdesign project requirements hindering or fostering students’ experience of HCD [6].The purpose of the
applied when defining problems, craftingand evaluating possible solutions, and responding to crises. On presidential teams, the expressivefunction involves providing mutual support, offering counsel, and reflecting campus perspectivesso that the president understands how others see them. Here we adapt Bensimon and Neumann’sfunctions to center on the change project itself instead of on a singular leader; thus, theexpressive function includes work to refine and articulate the project messaging, communicatewith stakeholders, find common cause with other organizational allies, and manage resistance tothe project or its goals. Providing mutual support among the change team members is stillimportant, especially in the face of resistance. In Table 1 we
participating in sustained, longitudinal teaching professional development reportsignificant increases in the use of instructional objectives and active learning techniques [5]. Akey feature of successful programs is continuous and iterative learning opportunities, whichallow educators to reflect on and refine their teaching practices over time, fostering deep andenduring improvements [6]. Structured, ongoing support ensures that skills acquired in short-term workshops or seminars are effectively applied in practice [7]. The effectiveness andscalability of professional development initiatives is often reduced by systemic constraints suchas lack of time, inadequate institutional resources, and organizational cultures that prioritizeresearch over
its output. of-thought Table 1: LLM prompt level taxonomy from [22] relabelled with prompt-shot-level. categories such as cycles of actions and linear steps, and these fall into our next distinguishing categories such that you can have multi-shot with few-shot [7] [25].In our prompt taxonomy, we will not consider level 6 as Kanti et. al. does in their work, andinstead, we believe that the reasoning of thought for the prompt is its classification of aprompt.3.2.2 LLM Reasoning of Thought Of Thought Prompt Thought Type nothing-of-thought (NoT) Baseline type of thought where the prompt is not asked to be reflective or informed on its prompting
engineering education [7]. This limitedexperience is often attributed to economic constraints as a result of insufficient school funding,social barriers due to a lack of role models, and a shortage of qualified teachers [7], [8].By merging participatory activities with opportunities to apply classroom knowledge, learningbecomes more engaging and memorable. Also referred to as experiential learning (EL), thisstrategy employs the motto “Do, Reflect, and Think and Apply,” where a student activelyengages in a task or concrete experience, reflects on that experience, and extrapolates what waslearned to other scenarios [9]. This approach can improve comprehension and retention ofscientific concepts while fostering an environment to ask questions, conduct
subset of statements to gather the desired information. The rationale behind thealignment of the original factors with our themes and the selection of the most relevant statementsfor each theme is detailed in the following subsections. 1. Mapping Satisfaction to Learning Environment Satisfaction was defined in the original study as the “outcome of an experience” 12 . Since the experiences in both studies refer to education, we identified a subset of satisfaction-related statements that could be mapped to our research focus on learning environment. These statements were deemed most reflective of student perceptions regarding how AI-supported learning impacts their learning experience. The selected statements were
, participatorySimultaneously, data breaches, algorithm-driven content citizens in a democracy [5], [6]. Their ideas continue tomanipulation, and persistent security risks expose people to influence modern approaches to reflective, analytical thinking.continuous vulnerabilities. Yet, most individuals lack theknowledge and skills to recognize these dangers, let alone C. The Cognitive Science Revolution: Understandingmitigate them effectively. Thinking Errors Critical thinking, digital literacy, and cybersecurity While early philosophers focused on principles of soundawareness are vital defenses against manipulation, reasoning, modern cognitive
brainstorming acommon chemical to produce, and drawing on their knowledge of chemistry, what raw materialsthat can be used – in small groups they come up with possible steps in the process and then togetherwe create a process flow diagram – over the course of the semester, they master material andenergy balances on splitters, distillation columns, pumps, compressors, furnaces, reactors withrecycle, etc. On the last day of class, we revisit the process flow diagram that was created on thefirst day of class, to help them understand how what they have learned provides the foundation ofbecoming a successful chemical engineer. This process flow diagram is revisited with the samestudents in the capstone process design course – so that they can reflect on
(with more than 1,000 employees) have already implemented AI in their operations,while an additional 40% are actively exploring or testing AI technologies. These developmentsare driving new economic opportunities and innovation globally. For instance, the latest reportfrom the International Data Corporation (IDC), China Model as a Service (MaaS) and AI LargeModel Solution Market Tracking [2], indicates that, in the first half of 2024, China’s MaaSmarket reached 250 million RMB, while the AI large model solution market totaled 1.38 billionRMB. This growing market for large model services reflects an increasing investment byenterprises, underscoring the transformative and disruptive impact of AI across industries.The social transformation driven
influencing each other’sresponses through shared ideas and contributions, which fosters deeper exploration of thetopic. Data collection typically includes audio recordings, transcripts of discussions, and themoderator's reflective notes. This multi-layered approach aligns with Clifford Geertz'sconcept of "thick description," which emphasizes capturing not just actions but their culturaland social contexts to provide a nuanced understanding of participants' perspectives [28].The rationale for employing FGDs lies in their ability to generate rich qualitative data thatcaptures not only individual opinions but also the dynamics of group interaction. Comparedto surveys or individual interviews, FGDs provide a more nuanced understanding of howparticipants
defining problems, craftingand evaluating possible solutions, and responding to crises. On presidential teams, the expressivefunction involves providing mutual support, offering counsel, and reflecting campus perspectivesso that the president understands how others see them. Here we adapt Bensimon and Neumann’sfunctions to center on the change project itself instead of on a singular leader; thus, theexpressive function includes work to refine and articulate the project messaging, communicatewith stakeholders, find common cause with other organizational allies, and manage resistance tothe project or its goals. Providing mutual support among the change team members is stillimportant, especially in the face of resistance. In Table 1 we generalize
theirdetailed designs, or reflect on their project outcomes.Finally, instructors also expressed that there was little to no time to add additional instruction onsustainability once the capstone course started, and the instructors were generally uncomfortableor unaware of one or more of the three dimensions, making their inclusion in the coursechallenging.Clearly then, to achieve maximum buy-in in the Faculty of Engineering at the University ofWaterloo, the ideal tool(s) would: - be easy to understand (for students and instructors), - assist with the incorporation of all three dimensions of sustainability, - be flexible in when and how they are applied in the design process, and - be flexible in application across widely divergent