Conference Session

Fulfilling the CE BOK2 - Case Studies

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Debra Larson, Northern Arizona University; Joshua Hewes, Northern Arizona University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

– Humanities, 4 – Social Sciences, 10 –Sustainability, 11 – Contemporary Issues & History, 12 – Risk & Uncertainty, 17 – PublicPolicy, 18 – Business & Public Administration, 19 – Globalization, and 20 – Leadership. Inaddition, the committee identified Outcomes 5 – Material Science and 24 – Professional &Ethics as outcomes that may be challenging for programs to fully implement.The purpose of this paper is threefold: (1) provide an analysis of Northern Arizona University'scurrent undergraduate civil engineering curriculum with respect to the BOK2 with attentiongiven to the challenging outcomes; (2) propose a revised BOK2-orientated curriculum withinNorthern Arizona University's context; and (3) provide an analysis of that

Conference Session

Mentoring & Outreach for Girls & Minorities

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Keith Holbert, Arizona State University; Lisa Grable, North Carolina State University; Patricia Dixon, Florida State University; Sharon Schulze, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

program consist of three major thrusts: (1) aresearch experience for teachers, (2) a Young Scholars program for high school students, and (3)summer camps for middle school girls and minorities. Along with faculty, graduate andundergraduate students act as mentors to both the teachers and precollege students. Assessmentdata are being collected to gauge the efficacy of the precollege program.IntroductionThe Future Renewable Electrical Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) Systems Centeris an NSF-supported engineering research center (ERC). The vision of FREEDM is an efficientpower grid integrating highly distributed and scalable alternative generating sources and storagewith existing power systems to facilitate a green energy based society

Conference Session

Emerging Information Technologies

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aloundeth Oupraxay, National University, San Diego, USA; Mudasser Wyne, National University, San Diego, USA; Patrick Olson, National University, San Diego, USA

Tagged Divisions

Information Systems

only device available is called HTC Dream also more popularly known asG1 by T-Mobile. The specifications for such a device include 192 MB RAM, screen with aresolution of 480 x 320 and MSM7201 chipset with a frequency of 528MHz [1].The OHA [3] is agroup of handset manufacturers and a flurry of new products is expected in the near future with lotof improvement in performance [6]. The implementation of MOMS was completed andsuccessfully tested using a commercially available smart phone (G1) from T-Mobile. However, themain issue during the design and implementation was the simplicity and ease of use in managingand entering orders using one hand or finger on a small touch-screen. Unlike laptops, using mobiletouch-screen without hectic feedback can

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yunfeng Wang, The College of New Jersey; Christopher Ault, The College of New Jersey; Teresa Nakra, The College of New Jersey; Andrea Salgian, The College of New Jersey; Meredith Stone, Independent Evaluator

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

intended to motivatestudents to reach across the boundaries of their own disciplines and advance their criticalthinking, creative problem-solving and computational thinking skills, while learning the relevanttechnical knowledge. The structure, objectives, assessment strategies, results, and studentdeliverables from the first course offering are the focus of this paper. These promising resultsprovide a model with which to evaluate effective approaches for interdisciplinary highereducation.1. IntroductionInterdisciplinary education is becoming increasingly important in preparing undergraduatestudents to be able to participate in the emerging knowledge-based economy and meet complexsocial demands in the modern world1,2,3,4. It has grown at a

Conference Session

Innovations in Civil Engineering Education I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stuart Walesh, S. G. Walesh Consulting; Javier Conde, National University of Distance Education; Jose M. de Urena, University of Castilla-La Mancha; Jose Turmo, University of Castilla-La Mancha; Raul Vizcaino, University of Castilla-La Mancha

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

integrated in the following modules with the numbersin parentheses indicating the approximate class hours devoted to the topics: 1) Organizational Behaviour (leadership and organizational behaviour, economic theory of leadership), (40); 2) Leadership Basis and Types of Leadership (leadership and types of leadership, how to improve leadership abilities), (40); 3) Grounds of Negotiation. Cooperation, Conflict and Negotiation (key strategies of negotiation, conflict resolution), (40); 4) Company Management in Civil Engineering (company management, project managing and leading, social responsibility in business), (40); 5) Strategic Company Management. Enterprises and Business Plan

Conference Session

Student Learning and Assessment

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Josh Coffman, University of Arkansas; Joseph Rencis, University of Arkansas; Daniel Jensen, United States Air Force Academy; Christina White, Columbia University; Ashland Brown, University of the Pacific; Jiancheng Liu, University of the Pacific; Kristen Kaufman, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

quizzes. The number of questionshave been condensed and the questions rewritten to remove much of the jargon. Page 15.1110.4Figure 1. Multiple-Choice Quiz Question Checklist Form.7,10-12,14,27,28 Page 15.1110.5 Figure 1. Multiple-Choice Quiz Question Checklist Form.7,10-12,14,27,28 ‘Continued’The Multiple-Choice Quiz Question Checklist Form was divided into four domains based onthe guidelines described in Haladyna.11 Almost all other books were not categorized intodomains. The four checklist domains used in this paper are as follows: • Content. This domain is used

Conference Session

ADVANCE Grants and Institutional Transformation

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anna M. Zajicek, University of Arkansas; Shauna A. Morimoto, University of Arkansas; Joseph Rencis, University of Arkansas; Valerie H. Hunt, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

supporting the groundwork necessary to transforminstitutional practices systemically, the Institutional Transformation Awards seek to createpositive, sustainable, and permanent change in academic climates.”15The NSF ADVANCE Institutional Transformation (IT) program was initiated in 2001 with theobjectives 1) to increase the representation of women in STEM; and, 2) to encourageorganizations to implement institutional changes that would empower women scientists to fullyparticipate in STEM disciplines. Since 2001, 37 institutions of higher education have receivedthe NSF ADVANCE IT awards totaling over $130M,i and 19 have completed their five-yearprojects. Although the nature of ADVANCE IT projects varies among universities, theircommon purpose is to

Conference Session

Administering First-Year Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gretchen Hein, Michigan Technological University; Amber Kemppainen, Michigan Technological University; Susan Amato-Henderson, Michigan Technological University; Jason Keith, Michigan Technological University; Melissa Roberts, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

education. At Michigan Technological University (Michigan Tech),we had three different groups (faculty, graduate students and upper level undergraduate students)develop design activities. These activities were developed for the ENG1001/1100 coursesequence for first-year students who were enrolled in pre-calculus as their first math course atMichigan Tech as part of an NSF CCLI Phase 1 grant (DUE: 0836861). All groups developedengineering activities that included a: Design/Model/Build sequence, Matlab mathematicalmodel, spreadsheet analyses, and technical communication of their activities. For thecomponents listed previously, lectures and class activities, project description and deliverablesand example Matlab codes were developed for the

Conference Session

Best Practices in Existing College-Industry Partnerships

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Marshall, University of Southern Maine

Tagged Divisions

College-Industry Partnerships

interested in you as a job candidate.” 7 Haitao Chenginterned at the Bayer Corporation and felt that “the approaches taken in industry are quitedifferent and this experience let me see how the ‘real world’ problems are tackled. It’salso clear that the internship is very valuable when seeking employment.” 7In practice, the internship is “the new rung on the corporate ladder.” 1 It is essential thatthe student intern demonstrate professionalism and accountability in all aspects of theiragreement. They must fulfill their commitments to the best of their ability, and makeconsistent contributions to the hosting firm. In addition to the hosting firm’s technicaland supervisory responsibilities, the intern is required to integrate formal

Conference Session

Innovations in Teaching Physics or Engineering Physics

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Ross, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

could also be used in anappropriate upper level electrical or chemical engineering course. Subsequently, we describesome future plans for the activity which, along with some other curricula, may culminate in theintroduction of a stand-alone nanotechnology course and possibly a minor in nanotechnology. Page 15.61.2Device Physics of a Thin Film Organic Solar Cell Incorporating the Fullerene, C60Shown below in Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a thin film polymer solar cell1incorporating the fullerene C60. Commercial glass substrates coated with indium tin oxide (ITO)with a sheet resistance of about 10Ω/□ are used to form the anodes. The

Conference Session

Signal Processing Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuan-Lin Chen, MingChi University of Technology; Shun-Chung Wang, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

atMingchi University in Taiwan. The evaluation results from the students measured before andafter using the approach are very encouraging which demonstrate its efficiency and success.The goals of micro-controller application coursesThe goals of presented teaching approach for micro-controller application course are thatstudents should gain knowledge of the principle of micro-controller operations and could designa real-world application project based on micro-controller topics. The period of the micro-controller application course at Mingchi University in one semester is a total of 51 hours (3 hoursper week times 17 weeks.) The syllabus of this industry-oriented micro-controller course isdescribed in Table 1. We teachers have already integrated

Conference Session

Mentoring & Outreach for Girls & Minorities

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andres Goza, Rice University; David Garland, Rice University; Brent Houchens, Rice University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

wished to study architecture. This indicates the success of DREAM inpresenting physics concepts in an exciting and intellectually stimulating format.IntroductionOver the range of years form 2006-08, 25% of Houston’s population was African American and37% Hispanic or Latino 1 . Students from these groups, however, are generally underrepresentedin college, specifically in the STEM fields. Nationally only 11% of baccalaureate degrees in Page 15.953.2engineering were conferred to these two groups in 2006 2 . Over 30% of both the AfricanAmerican and Hispanic/Latino population in the US is under the age of 18 3,4 . Therefore,extending knowledge of STEM

Conference Session

Service Learning and Societal Issues in the First Year

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carol Sevier, Boise State University; Seung Youn Chyung, Boise State University; Cheryl Schrader, Boise State University; Janet Callahan, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

SL andNSL groups of students participated in collaborative project-based learning environments tocomplete given assignments, the types of collaborative learning differed in several ways: 1) TheSL students completed one comprehensive project for 7 ½ weeks, whereas the NSL studentscompleted a series of small scale problem-solving projects, 2) The SL students worked with thesame members of a team throughout the project, whereas the NSL students worked with differentteam members for each project (teams of four members worked on the SL project, and teams ofthree members completed the NSL projects), and 3) Each SL team worked with a client from thecommunity to solve a real problem (i.e., real-world learning experience), whereas NSL teamssolved a

Conference Session

Exemplary Outreach Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Gunn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

engineering activity. A new 30,000 sq.ft. building was nearingcompletion and two issues were being addressed: an outdoor art piece needed to be placed in frontof the building as per requirements by the university to provide 1\2 percent of the building’sconstruction cost to visible public art work. This was accomplished through the purchase of avibrant sculpture created by Charles McGee, a prominent artist from the Detroit area and shown inFigure 1. As with the artwork placed across campus since the mid 1990s, the McGee sculpturepresented a clear statement that there were definite ties between various disciplines across campus,especially with engineering and art. The visible nature of the art displays made it clear to allentering non art oriented

Conference Session

DEED Potpourri

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Singli Garcia-Otero, Virginia State University; Ehsan Sheybani, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

established in 2001 as a traditional program of study,with most of the freshman directly graduated from high school. The program underwent ABETaccreditation during the 2006-2007 academic year for the first time, and the first cohort ofstudents graduated from the program in May 2006.Senior Design was initially a one-semester course with multiple teachers. Each teacher taught adistinct section. Each student selected his own teacher/section. Generally there were 3 or 4sections, each section having only 1 to 3 students. One problem with this initial structure wasthat the sections were very non-uniform. Another problem was that the class focused almostexclusively on building a working prototype, and neglected the overall process of design(especially soft

Conference Session

Nuts and Bolts of Cooperative Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Gunn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

appreciation of the uses and value of money.” 1 Money is easily associated withwork and children begin the understanding process of knowing that their work has value and isrewarded with both knowledge and payment. Parents who instill in their children the knowledgethat work involves both a learning process and an earning process will make their childrenrounded individuals in the working world.“In the very beginning when children are very young money education can begin simply byteaching them to identify various coins. You can then reinforce what money is used for by takingyour children shopping even at an early age and pointing out what is going on.” Many parentsalready present these fundamentals to their young children. It does not require a great

Conference Session

Exporting of Higher Education to Developing Countries

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

International

data, to help guide the process of shifting from the old tothe new paradigm. The stakeholders should realize the shortcomings and discrepancies of thecurrent systems, be stimulated to debate, and eventually should arrive at scenarios that can beimplemented, to ensure the vitality and currency of engineering education in the Region.IntroductionAchieving change via engineering education reform is a formidable challenge to any college ofengineering, whether in North America or anywhere else in the world! This paper, is a follow upto prior papers (1-6) on engineering education reform in the Arab Region of the Persian Gulf(Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and the Sultanate of Oman)focusing on vital issues that have been

Conference Session

Curriculum in Mechanical Engineering Technology: Part I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Johnson, Texas A&M University; Udaya Bhanu Prakash Sunku, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

become indispensable for most engineeringprofessionals. In an increasingly competitive global economy, there is expanding product varietyand decreasing product lifetimes.1 Today’s engineering and engineering technology studentswill enter a workplace where CAD is used throughout the development process 2. CAD hasbecome a valuable tool that allows engineers to quickly create and update designs andcommunicate them to others. The ability to use CAD is essential for most engineers today.Most engineers will likely use several versions of CAD programs over their career. This may bedue to the changes in their job, software changes at their company, or general softwareversioning (Pro/Engineer has had eight major versions in the past ten years). For their

Conference Session

International Initiatives, Partnerships,Teaching Strategies, and Collaborative Networks

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joao Paiva, Politecnico de Viseu

Tagged Divisions

International

factors affectingthis fact.1. Introduction Higher education, or Tertiary education, as the OECD1,2 has recently introduced in its ownGlossary of Statistical Terms, including Further education, is undoubtedly a major concern ofgovernments. It has been recognized as one of the major drivers for economiccompetitiveness in a globalised world, which has been demonstrating how education isplaying an increasingly important role. Europe is engaged in improving citizens’ ability todeal with and being able to prosper in a world of ever increasing global competitiveness. TheBologna process is part of that strategy. The OECD has defined two types of programs. Type A programs that represent heavilytheory-based curricula designed to provide qualifications

Conference Session

Pedagogical Innovations in Laboratory Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas Sugg, United States Navy; Elizabeth Gentry, National Institute of Standards and Technology; John Fishell, STEP Conference

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

CaliforniaCongressional District that includes a large portion of the Inland Empire region of SouthernCalifornia (Riverside, CA). Congressman Calvert had committee assignments on the ScienceCommittee and recently on Appropriations. He belongs to numerous House caucuses includingthe House Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education Caucus.In November 1999, Congressman Calvert received the “California Report on the Environmentfor Science and Technology” (the CREST Report) produced by the California Council onScience and Technology [1]. The report indicated that 9.3% of all jobs in California were inhigh technology industries which was well above the national average of 5.6% at the time.About 20% of the nations Research and Development (R&D) was

Conference Session

Lean and Six Sigma Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohamed Gadalla, Central Connecticut State University; Mahdy Alam, UTC; Yepery Soro, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

) Gadalla, M. A., Alam, M., *Watkins , P., Soro, Y. Central Connecticut State University *Texas A&M University-Corpus ChristiAbstractLean manufacturing transformation has been adopted by many industries in the northernhemisphere including small businesses as a survival method against tough competition from low-cost labor markets. The lean manufacturing system is the final result of lean transformation. Alean manufacturing system is a manufacturing system that is characterized by low (Work InProcess Inventory) WIP, material pull instead of push, and the use of kanban cards.The heart of a lean manufacturing system is the cellular manufacturing [1]. Although cellularmanufacturing has a proven track of success

Conference Session

Potpourri of First-Year Issues

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farid Farahmand, Sonoma State University; Saeid Moslehpour, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

suggest that increasing interactions among students withphysical disabilities can considerably improve their peer interaction and social skills.In the rest of this paper we elaborate on our methodology and outcomes and look at howthe service-learning project improved communication and teamwork skills amongparticipating engineering students.2. BackgroundService-learning is defined as a credit-bearing educational experience in which studentsparticipate in an organized service activity in such a way that meets identified communityneeds 1. Studies suggest that service-learning can significantly impact various educationaloutcome measures, including academic performance (GPA, writing skills, criticalthinking skills), values (commitment to activism and

Conference Session

Technological Literacy for K-12 and for Community College Students: Concepts, Assessment, and Courses

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Moshe Barak, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Tagged Divisions

Technological Literacy Constituent Committee

AC 2010-317: PROMOTING TECHNOLOGICAL LITERACY AMONGMATHEMATICS, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TEACHERS: A GRADUATESTUDIES COURSEMoshe Barak, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Page 15.1003.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 Promoting Technological Literacy among Mathematics, Science and Technology Teachers: A Graduate Studies CourseAbstractThis paper addresses a graduate course aimed at fostering technological literacy amongK-12 mathematics, science and technology teachers. The course includes: 1) discussingbroad questions, such as what is technology and how technology relates to other fields,for example, mathematics

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Moshe Barak, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Israel and other countries emphasize the educationaladvantages of the project method in fostering meaningful learning and raisingstudents’ motivation [1] [2] [3]. On the other hand, teachers having a strongengineering background frequently center on teaching specific subject matter, whilethe development of higher intellectual skills is often perceived as a side-effect or‘natural outcome’ of learning scientific-related subjects. As a result, students mightprepare very sophisticated projects from a technical viewpoint but progress only littlein terms of becoming independent learners and creative designers. In order tomaximize the educational potential of technology education in developing students’learning competences, we propose a model for

Conference Session

Innovations in Civil Engineering Education III

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Hart, United States Military Academy; Steven Kreh, United States Military Academy; Rhett Blackmon, United States Military Academy; Nicholas Melin, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

AC 2010-319: PROBLEM SET ZEROSteven Hart, United States Military AcademySteven Kreh, United States Military AcademyRhett Blackmon, United States Military AcademyNicholas Melin, United States Military Academy Page 15.986.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 Problem Set Zero What these students were good at…was feeding back correct answers: they had mastered the arts of short-term memory and recall. The whole class was a wonderful example of what the British call “surface learning.” But very little “deep learning”—which comes with time, depth, practice, and reinforcement— seems to have occurred.1 This

Conference Session

Simple Classroom Demonstrations for Mechanics

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Kiefer, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

examples adopted in this coursewere first created by Eann Patterson as part of a National Science Foundation sponsored projectto change the undergraduate mechanical engineering curriculum and make it more attractive to adiverse group of students. Specifically, this paper critiques the adaptation of five real lifeexamples taken from the original project. Student response to the lecture material was measuredby specific survey questions about the real life examples, survey questions about the course as awhole, interviews, and standard student course evaluation forms.1. Introduction A considerable amount of attention has been given to the retention of engineeringstudents in recent years. In fact, most universities with engineering programs are

Conference Session

Service Learning and Societal Issues in the First Year

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian Savilonis, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; David Spanagel, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Kristin Wobbe, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

threw down a serious challenge:“Engineering today involves more than the solution of technical problems, more than the designof advanced technological devices, more than the pursuit of pure research, and engineeringcourses must be reviewed and revised to ensure that engineers, once again, play a role in thewider issues concerning society.” 1 This challenge has been addressed by a series of curricularinnovations undertaken by leading institutions of engineering education around the world.Specifically, within the United States, a national trend toward more active, project-basedlearning in engineering education has been gaining momentum for more than 40 years.2 Awidely publicized illustration of the trend was the establishment in 1997 of the Olin

Conference Session

Innovations in Civil Engineering Education I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brock Barry, United States Military Academy; Jeffrey Braun, United States Military Academy; Mark DeRocchi, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

search led to little information on the process of selecting appropriateindependent study projects. Rather than utilizing a formal evaluation and decision process, mostof the identified resources1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 provided simple justifications for performance ofindependent study projects. These justifications typically included important considerationswhich, when summarized, hold the potential to be utilized as selection criteria for such projects.The following table is a summarization of the common considerations noted within several priorindependent study publications:Table 1 – Summarized List of Independent Study Project Considerations  Does the potential project have a well defined scope?  Is there a detailed timeline for benchmarks

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ivana Milanovic, University of Hartford; Tom Eppes, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

complianceare raised; consequently, the effort required to plan, prepare and follow-up on general visitsplaces an increasing burden on programs, departments and colleges. This paper discusses themeans, methods and techniques developed to efficiently deploy departmental and programresources on small undergraduate institutions.Our College maintains nine accreditations with both the Technology and the EngineeringAccreditation Commissions of ABET. The following practices have been put into place tomaximize productivity: (1) prime movers lead, plan and coordinate the process, (2) standardizedtemplates are employed, (3) deliverables are assigned and shared by faculty, (4) useful content issourced from all programs and (5) faculty are supported with ‘how to

Conference Session

Fulfilling the CE BOK2 - Case Studies

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth McManis, University of Louisiana

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

degree.The BOK2 Outcomes Rubric, using Bloom’s Taxonomy, is graphically presented in Figure 1.The reader is cautioned that this is a simple graphical representation of the full rubric only andshould refer to the full rubric as presented in Appendix I of the BOK2 report2 (which is availableat www.asce.org/raisethebar). What is clearly represented in Figure 1 is the recommended levelof achievement that an individual must demonstrate for each outcome to enter the future practiceof civil engineering at the professional level and, for each outcome, the level of achievement(LOA) expected to be fulfilled through the baccalaureate degree (B), the master’s degree orequivalent post-baccalaureate formal education (M/30), and pre-licensure experience (E