mentoring and self-efficacy to facilitate solutions for successful matriculation, andavoiding “black holes” by using student feedback to fulfill needs. The investigations use aphenomenological approach as its qualitative research method to study “phenomena.”5.1 Part 1: Developing an Orbit for STEM SuccessIn one NSF-program, data showed that Black and Latino graduate students in engineering and ITprograms experienced a sense of mentoring in external workshops that they didn’t regularlyreceive within departments. Further, these seminars influenced students to strengthen theirSTEM identity. These kinds of interventions metaphorically return us to physics, as objects canavoid destructive black holes if they are thrust into orbits that are far enough
shifted the traditionalemphasis on math prerequisite requirements to an emphasis on engineering motivation for math.The program had an overwhelming impact on engineering student retention, motivation andsuccess at Wright State University. Results of a longitudinal study suggested that the approachhad the potential to double the number of the nation's engineering graduates, while bothmaintaining their quality and increasing their diversity. The results suggested that the impact ofthe course on student motivation and self-efficacy had contributed to increased graduation rateswith the greatest impact on the student groups who stood the most to gain.Mentorship program, Interaction with industry: Johnson et. al.14 described a peer mentoringprogram at
insistence from engineering and engineering ethics thatfailure is a necessary component of a ‘good’ engineering process and embracing failure isparamount to success in engineering [31], [32], [33], [34], engineering course and programdesign rarely integrate this value. Instead, 40% and 50% student failure rates in engineeringare often explained as not meant to be, unready for rigorous education, or poor work ethic[35], [36]. However, Brandi Geisinger and Raj Raman’s work on understanding attrition ratesidentify ”classroom and academic climate,” “grades and conceptual understanding,” and “self-efficacy and self-confidence” as the three leading reasons students report leaving engineeringdisciplines ([36] p.914). Of these issues, recent investigations
exploratory framework as An Exploratory Black EngineeringTransfer Student Success Model in Figure 1.This model was informed by a number of well-established persistence and retention models [31],[32], [33]. It was also influenced by Wang’s STEM Transfer Model [30], which suggests thattransfer and retention is influenced by a series of factors. These factors include a student’s self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and the four-year institution’s willingness to welcome transfersonto their campus. After reviewing these prior works, we incorporated key components andelements of retention from these models, along with key components associated with Blackengineering undergraduate success.As our exploratory model illustrates, the process of Black engineering
, with single-gender groups having more equitable participationpatterns than mixed-gender groups. For example, in a systematic review of 94 studies of smallgroup discussions, researchers found that single-gender groups had more purposeful functioningthan mixed-gender groups [83]. Other studies have found that single-gender pairs of elementarystudents had more verbal interactions, were more task-focused, and were more likely to sharematerials [84]. In addition, students’ self-efficacy in engineering increased significantly if theyparticipated in single-gender engineering programs but decreased significantly for those inmixed-gender programs [86].Single-gender small groups may be particularly effective in fostering girls’ equitable engagementin
engineering education.Dr. Tanya Kunberger, Florida Gulf Coast University Dr. Kunberger is an Associate Professor in the Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering in the U. A. Whitaker College of Engineering at Florida Gulf Coast University. Dr. Kunberger received her B.C.E. and certificate in Geochemistry from the Georgia Institute of Technology and her M.S. and Ph.D. in Civil Engineering with a minor in Soil Science from North Carolina State University. Her areas of specialization are geotechnical and geo-environmental engineering. Educational areas of interest are self- efficacy and persistence in engineering and development of an interest in STEM topics in K-12 students.Dr. Thomas A. Lenox, American Society of Civil
, and/orthe National Society of Black Engineers Convention [11, 46, 70, 76].In addition, it is important that hiring managers are aware of the gender-bias that pervades manyof the online communities used for recruitment. Stack Overflow is one notable example, wherewomen are often underrepresented [124, 125]. As demonstrated by Vasilescu et al. [124], womenare less likely to become involved for many reasons, among which are fear of unfriendly or hostilereactions to their posts, a lack of self-efficacy, and finding the community to be intimidating.However, having even one female active in a thread makes a female more likely to participate[125]. Also, although GitHub does not explicitly request information about gender, research byTerrell et al
, and achievement. They study stereotypes, biases, campusculture, classroom experiences, identity, and sense of belonging. They identify challenges andstrategies for persistence and give recommendations on how to create interventions that supportwomen of color. The authors call on institutions to generate a sense of belonging and providesocial and structural support that increase self-efficacy. While studying experiences of women ofcolor engineering students, Tate and Linn [12] found that students formulate multiple identitiesto help them persist in engineering studies. Three identities were most prevalent: academic,social, and intellectual. Academic identity is associated with being a student and success isrepresented through grades. Social
that considers the multiple environments central to one’s life andwork. The authors suggested that interventions be focused on 1) reducing role conflictsimposed by multiple environments, 2) providing continuity of training efforts, 3) creating apositive and rewarding mentoring culture, 4) and incorporating and evaluating efforts toincrease one’s research self-efficacy beliefs. Lent and Brown28 initially proposed a model forwork satisfaction that extends their scholarship on Social Cognitive Career Theory26. In thisprocess model, the authors posit that work satisfaction is influenced by 1) one’s affective traits,2) participation in goal-directed activities, 3) environmental supports and resources, 4) workself-efficacy and 5) both expected and