Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Reeping, Virginia Tech; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Steve Robert Harrison, Dept of Computer Science, Virginia Tech; R Benjamin Knapp, Institute for Creativity, Arts, and Technology; Luke F Lester, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Thomas Martin, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Annie Yong Patrick; Matthew Wisnioski, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

threshold concept when situated in the discussion of teaching transmission lines as Meyer and Land already justified the gravitational field as a threshold concept2 - much of the rationale can be easily transferred. While the concept of a field and reactive power – identified threshold concepts – appeared in the context of teaching transmission lines, the implications of addressing the embedded troublesome knowledge reaches far beyond electromagnetics. Since capacitors and inductors use an electric field and a magnetic field respectively to function, the plausible threshold concept (fields) is integrated throughout the Electrical Engineering curriculum (Figure 2). Lumped

Conference Session

Evaluation: Exploring High School Engineering Education Initiatives

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacob L. Segil, University of Colorado at Boulder; Brian Huang, Sparkfun Electronics; Beth A Myers, University of Colorado Boulder; Lindsay Diamond, SparkFun Electronics

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

(Evaluation)IntroductionFor over twenty years, a first year introduction to engineering design course at the University ofColorado Boulder has provided an experiential hands-on design experience that has been shownto significantly improve retention of engineering students [1]. Many studies have previouslydescribed K-12 STEM programs (as reviewed in [2]) however this curriculum attempts to takeadvantage of the strengths of the engineering design course at the University of ColoradoBoulder and Sparkfun Electronics hardware. This course introduces a variety of engineeringdisciplines including mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering using both formaldelivery of technical curriculum and hands-on design projects. We leveraged the

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Capstone Design

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chi-Cheng Cheng, National Sun Yat-Sen University; Chia-Chi Wang, National Sun Yat-Sen University; Yu-Jen Wang, National Sun Yat-Sen University; Ying-Yao Cheng, National Sun Yat-Sen University; Chua-Chin Wang, National Sun Yat-Sen University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

).1 In addition, for the purpose of shortening the route to real engineering world in front ofgraduates, it is clearly beneficial to further facilitate students making flexible use of engineeringknowledge they have assimilated in the classes and to strengthen the link between academictheorems and practical hands-on applications. Following this trend, a curricular and pedagogicalmodel for teaching multidisciplinary design to senior undergraduate students was presented.2 Asa result, a project-oriented capstone course at junior or senior year of undergraduate programshas been strongly required to balance the theory and practice in engineering education.3 Besides,an approach for engineering curriculum integration in capstone design courses to

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pritpal Singh, Villanova University; Teresa Genevieve Wojcik, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

surveys of alumni. This paperwill share the significant lessons learned from offering the Entrepreneurship Minor as acurricular option within the Engineering Curriculum for the past decade. In doing so, the paperwill highlight the ways in which Villanova University’s program is unique among EngineeringEntrepreneurship Minors located at other universities.History of the MinorVillanova University started an engineering entrepreneurship minor program in the fall 2008semester. At the time, an entrepreneurship minor was offered in the Business School and a groupof engineering faculty members had been considering offering a minor to engineering studentsbut the initiative did not gain traction until a seed grant was provided by the Kern FamilyFoundation

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeremy A. Magruder Waisome, University of Florida; Dennis R. Parnell Jr., University of Florida; Pasha Antonenko, University of Florida; Brian Abramowitz, University of Florida; Victor Perez

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

critical to understanding the needs and constraints of teaching at themiddle school level in an under-resourced environment. Though many considerations were involved in theproposal submission stage, the real-world integration of this work was still a novel concept.Our intention was to create content that could be easily adapted by teachers after they were introduced tothe curriculum for their use. This meant that the lesson plans would need to fit within a standard period, ablock period (for intensive courses), or two successive normal class periods for a middle school class.Designing with a standard bell schedule in mind meant that on average we would have 40-60 minutes ofinstructional time per standard period. However, some of our proposed

Conference Session

Industry Initiatives for Graduate Programs

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Fred Brown; Mel Mendelson

Session 2455 Industry Supported Dual-Master’s Degree Program Frederick S. Brown, Mel I. Mendelson Loyola Marymount University, College of Science & Engineering Los Angeles, CA 90045Abstract:In the fall 2003, Loyola Marymount University (LMU) will initiate a new, dual-degreeSystems Engineering Leadership Program (SELP) to fulfill the graduate educational needs ofindustry and government in Southern California. The SELP is based on the collaborativedevelopment of an integrated curriculum among LMU’s college of engineering, business andlocal industry. It is

Conference Session

Technical Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cristina Diordieva, Texas Tech University; Ibrahim H. Yeter, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Walter S. Smith, Texas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

International

approach in integrating various STEM subjects withinschool setting, such as implementing instruction on engineering design processes and practices inscience and/or technology education curriculum (e.g., NGSS Lead States, 2013). Other nationshave developed engineering programs for their schools by combining science, mathematics, andtechnology subjects (Ritz & Fan, 2015). While all of these countries have demonstrated a similarcommitment to STEM education, each has differing national priorities for an education system;therefore, the outcomes have been likewise different. Furthermore, Ritz and Fan (2015) suggested that there are many reasons why STEMeducation is vital across cultures, specifically within K-12 school curriculum. According

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Hall, Louisiana Tech University; Mark Barker, Louisiana Tech University; James Nelson, Louisiana Tech University

. Page 14.853.2 Overview of Curriculum In 1998 the College of Engineering and Science moved to an integrated engineering curriculum based on the educational practices of the National Science Foundation Educational Coalitions [1]. Along with our freshman engineering course sequence, our freshman integrated curriculum includes differential and integral calculus courses, basic chemistry lecture and laboratory courses, and a calculus-based physics course, as summarized in Table 1; students also typically enroll in several non-technical courses during the freshman year. The freshman integrated courses are taken in “blocks” so that classes of 40 students share the same sections of each mathematics, science and engineering course during each quarter

Conference Session

Engineering and Other Disciplines

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carlotta Berry, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Matthew Boutell, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Steve Chenoweth, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; David Fisher, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

) Modern Control Systems (grad) Mechanical Engineering Physics and Optical Engineering Kinematics of Machinery Microsensors Control Systems Image Processing Robotics Engineering Advanced Image Processing (graduate level) Advanced Control Sys (grad) Advanced Kinematics (grad)Selected Required CoursesCollaborationThe principal investigators for the MERI program teach four of the courses that are integral tomost of the tracks of the curriculum: Introduction to Robotics Programming, Mechatronics,Robotics Engineering and Introduction to Mobile Robotics. In an effort to insure adequatecontent coverage of the core topics of the curriculum

Conference Session

Philosophy of Engineering Education: Epistemology and Ethics

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Valenzuela, University of Evansville; James Allen, University of Evansville; Brian Swenty, University of Evansville

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

liberal education needs in their general education programs. Institutions in the studywere chosen from the 2007 US News and World Report rankings of colleges and universities,focusing on high ranking schools in the category of undergraduate engineering programs andregional masters level universities with an engineering program.Previous studies in this area have focused primarily on the percentage of course work in generaleducation for the engineering student, recognizing the constraints in an undergraduateengineering curriculum that prepares students for practice in four years. Secondarily, previousstudies have focused on the courses (English, History, Art, etc) that comprise a general educationprogram. In contrast, with the shift in assessment

Conference Session

Session 10 - Track 2: Get Outside and Learn (GOAL) Engineering Kits

Collection

2023 Collaborative Network for Computing and Engineering Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Jennifer Bishop, University of Maryland College Park; Vincent Nguyen, University of Maryland College Park; Paige E Smith, University of Maryland College Park; Elisabeth Smela, University of Maryland College Park

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

outreach effort,and GOAL has been utilized as an aspect of the course curriculum in e4usaclassrooms. Teachers from all of these groups have participated in theco-development and design of new versions of the GOAL kits. Other area publicschools are expressing interest in the GOAL program and we are beginning to explorethe expansion of our partnerships to these new school systems.Campus Partners: The GOAL program originally launched from Women in Engineering(WIE) and the Department of Mechanical Engineering, and all aspects of the programstill run through these two main entities, including design, production, finances,partner relations, distribution, and events.Undergraduate education integration has been spearheaded by the newly

Collection

Middle Atlantic ASEE Section Spring 2021 Conference

Authors

Dennis A. Silage, Temple University

, dynamics, nature and properties of materials, andthermodynamics [3].The rapid development of microelectronics, digital communication and control and themicroprocessor in the 1970s shifted the extent of the EE curriculum away from these courses.The result is that most, if not all, EE curricula today do not feature any substantive courses inME [4].The ME discipline often requires a single course and laboratory in direct and alternatingelectrical circuits, electrical power and analog and digital electronics. Subsequent and limitedelective courses in the ME discipline may include sensor integration and processing andelectromechanical machinery. The result is again that most, if not all, ME curricula today do notfeature any substantive courses in EE [4

Conference Session

Springfield's STEM Spectacle: Evaluating Engineering Excellence, D'oh!

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Sunni Haag Newton, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jessica D Gale, Georgia Institute of Technology; Talia Capozzoli Kessler, Georgia Institute of Technology; Roxanne Moore, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

Paper ID #43486Impact of Engineering Course Participation on Students’ Attitudinal Factors:A Replication Study (Evaluation)Dr. Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Meltem Alemdar is a Associate Director and Principal Research Scientist at Georgia Institute of Technology’s Center for Education Integrating Science, Mathematics, and Computing (CEISMC), Dr. Alemdar made significant contributions to the fields of STEM education. Her research focuses on improving K-12 STEM education through research on curriculum development, teacher professional development, and student learning in integrated STEM environments

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Rosa Buxeda; Ramon Vazquez Espinosa; Jorge I. Velez; Lueny M. Morell

and institutionalized afterwards. Participating PaSCoR faculty have toundergo an intensive workshop to develop courses following a common template with regards todescription, objectives, skills, activities and assessment. A major outcome of this workshop is thedesign of courses in a integrated and collaborative fashion to give coherence to the entirecurriculum. Years 4 and 5 will be devoted to promoting the revision of other MSET courses toinclude RS/GIS concepts, by means of workshops and seminars offered to faculty. Faculty willbe rewarded for developing and integrating RS/GIS examples and application modules in theirSMET courses through small curriculum grants ($500), therefore expanding and impacting otherfaculty and courses. This

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Carolyn Clark; Prudence Merton; Jim Richardson; Jeffrey Froyd

Hulman Institute ofTechnology (RHIT), Texas A&M University (TAMU), University of Alabama (UA),University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW), Arizona State University (ASU), and Universityof Massachusetts-Dartmouth (UMD). Together they are developing and implementinginnovative engineering curricula based on four “thrusts”: integration of conceptualconcepts across courses; active and cooperative learning; the use of technology in theclassroom; and on-going assessment and evaluation.Implementing significant curricular change in higher education is an enormous challenge,both in scope and complexity. In this study we are examining how each of the six FCpartner institutions designed and implemented a new curriculum on their campus. Ourfocus is on the

Conference Session

Accreditation and the BOK

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian J. Swenty P.E., University of Evansville; Matthew K. Swenty, Virginia Military Institute

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

engineering course was required in most curricula (91.9%) and had the secondlargest range of credits (1.0 to 6.0 credits). An additional four courses were required in at least80% of the programs: structural analysis, soil mechanics, transportation engineering, and thecapstone design course. Many civil engineering specialty courses, such as steel design,foundation design, hydrology/hydraulic systems, and water/wastewater were required in less thanone third of the programs.In his 2000 paper that examined the impact of ABET’s 1997 civil engineering program criteria,Koehn found that practitioners favored civil engineering graduates who had courses in structuralengineering, hydraulic engineering, and design integrated throughout the curriculum [10]. In

Conference Session

Teacher Attitudes, Beliefs, & Self-efficacy

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Lauren Sargent, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Beth M. Holloway, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Susan R. Bayley, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Anna Veronica Walter, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

theinstrument, responses indicated that teachers thought DET was important and should be taught.However, they had low confidence in integrating DET into their classroom, low familiarity withDET, and held many common stereotypes about engineers [21]. These findings were all on in-service teachers, and some items in the survey may not be applicable to pre-service teachers. Forexample, the question “Did your pre-service curriculum include any aspects of DET?” Studentswho are earlier in the education curriculum may not yet have encountered science or mathmethods courses which is where one would typically encounter DET in an elementary educationcurriculum. The next instrument was the STEM Semantics survey. This consists of five scales, eachof which

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 5

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

behavior in learning environments. His academic training was in Physics and Philosophy before he turned to science (partic ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 Faculty Workshop on Teaching SustainabilityDespite the urgent need to integrate sustainability throughout the engineering curriculum, mostfaculty have little to no training or confidence in doing so. We report on a 4-day pilot facultyworkshop delivered in January 2023 by an interdisciplinary group of faculty at a large mid-Atlantic R1 university designed to help engineering instructors do this. After substantial effort tocreate a mutual understanding around the diverse approaches we as faculty bring from ourrespective

Conference Session

Product Development and Manufacturing

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay R Porter, Texas A&M University; Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University; Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

for graduates mentioned above, it becameclear that a comprehensive overhaul of the curriculum was needed. Over a period ofapproximately two years, the new electronic systems engineering technology curriculum wascreated through a process that involved faculty retreats and multiple cycles of industry feedback.6Throughout the process, an emphasis was placed on ensuring graduates would have the tools andexperiences necessary to be successful in the electronics product and system developmentindustries. This includes design and project management as well as support elements such asapplications development, maintenance and test. Today, the new curriculum has four main areasof focus:  Embedded systems: Modern electronic products and systems are

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

James Smith; David Elizandro

computer-basedsimulation which enables students to practice experimental design techniques in a “real world” industrialenvironment so that the design process, as promulgated by ABET, is enhanced in the curriculum.IntroductionABET criteria requires that "students must demonstrate knowledge of the application of statistics toengineering problems." The increasing role of statistics in engineering education was discussed at the ASEECentennial Conference by Nelson and Wallenius who suggested an integration of statistical thinking andmethodology throughout the undergraduate engineering curriculum. The Department of Industrial andManufacturing Engineering at Tennessee Technological University, like other ABET accredited industrialengineering programs

Conference Session

MECH - Technical Session 12: Promoting Student Success and Motivation

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elisabeth Smela, University of Maryland, College Park; Vincent Nguyen, University of Maryland, College Park; Natasha Andrade, University of Maryland, College Park; Andrew Elby, University of Maryland, College Park

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)

interviews, ability and confidencein introducing these topics within traditional coursework is lacking. Firstly, faculty areoften unfamiliar with basic sustainability concepts (e.g. it’s not just about globalwarming) and information (e.g. the UN SDGs, the IPCC). Secondly, faculty have notonly not been trained in these topics, but also have not been trained in teaching themeffectively, and they do not generally have the time required to learn that independently.Thirdly, it is not usually obvious how these topics can be sensibly integrated into variouscourses without appearing to be extraneous add-ons. Thus, faculty training and supportare important components of curriculum transformation activities.There have been “train the trainer” efforts

Conference Session

Revitalization of Manufacturing Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marilyn Barger, Florida Advanced Technological Education Center; Marie A. Boyette, Florida Advanced Technological Education Center

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

and exploration of diversity through standard coursework are current interests. Page 26.557.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Using Robotics as a Tool to Engage Students in Technical CurriculumAbstractStudent engagement is a necessary but complicated variable within STEM education, especially when dealing withtechnical curriculum. There are fewer curriculum resources available for teachers which are structured around aTechnology and Engineering (T & E) STEM focus, and integrating robotics activities into teaching strategies fortechnical subjects provides an

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Klingbeil, Wright State University; Kuldip Rattan, Wright State University; Michael Raymer, Wright State University; David Reynolds, Wright State University; Richard Mercer, Wright State University; Anant Kukreti, University of Cincinnati; Brian Randolph, University of Toledo

National Model for Engineering Mathematics Education. He is active in curriculum reform, and has led an NSF supported effort to integrate Mathematica laboratory sessions into the freshman calculus sequence at Wright State University.Anant Kukreti, University of Cincinnati Anant R. Kukreti is Associate Dean for Engineering Education Research and Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Cincinnati (UC). He is the lead investigator for the UC adoption of WSU's National Model for Engineering Mathematics Education. He teaches structural engineering, with research in experimental and finite element analysis of structures. He has received two Professorships, and won four

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

William E. Cole

, 1995.11. Roth, David E, and Johnson, David H., “Finite Element Analysis in Engineering Technology”, Journal of Engineering Technology, Fall 1995, p8.12. Rastani, Mansur, “Integration of Manufacturing Design Applications in FE-Based Applied Mechanics Courses,” Proceeding 1996 ASEE Annual Conference, Session 3268.13. Dally, James W. et al., “Experiences in Introducing Finite Elements in Mechanics of Materials,” Proceedings 1994 ASEE Annual Conference, 1994, p385.14. Lieu, D. K. and Talbot, N. H., “Introducing Graphical Finite-Element Structural Analysis to an Undergraduate Curriculum,” Engineering Design Graphics Journal, Winter 1993, P33.15. Howell, Steven K., “Finite Element Analysis in a Freshman Graphics Course

Conference Session

Online Programs and Program Assessment

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ann D. Christy P.E., Ohio State University; Teresa A. Johnson, Ohio State University; Jeffrey E. Froyd, Ohio State University; Deborah M. Grzybowski, Ohio State University; David A. Delaine, Ohio State University; Emily Dringenberg, Ohio State University; Krista M. Kecskemety, Ohio State University; Rachel Louis Kajfez, Ohio State University; Ana M. Casado, Ohio State University; Alan Kalish, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

-baccalaureate degrees in engineering,including engineering education. The National Science Foundation’s annual solicitation for theNSF Research Traineeship (NRT) program, previously called the Integrative Graduate Educationand Research Traineeship (IGERT) program, was initiated in 1998 to catalyze cultural change inscience, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) graduate education. The NRT /IGERT program highlights a national need for innovation in the graduate space, and manyadvances have been funded by this program. However, after searching the literature and studyinggraduate curricula from other engineering education departments, the authors were unable find agraduate curriculum that had been designed following an outcomes-based, backward

Collection

2018 ETLI

Authors

Joseph Sussman

…. 29Criterion 3 – Associate Degree Current ETAC Criteria Proposed ETAC Criteria c. an ability to conduct standard (3) not changed; tests and measurements, and to conduct, analyze, and interpret experiments; d. an ability to function effectively as (4) not changed; a member of a technical team; f. an ability to apply written, oral, and (5) not changed; graphical communication in both technical and non-technical environments; and an ability to identify and use appropriate technical literature; 30Criterion 3 – Associate Degree Current ETAC Criteria Proposed ETAC Criteria g. an understanding of the need for Moved to curriculum and

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

James Fuller

to have the committee composed of parents, educators,technologists and administrators. He succeeded with a diverse yet harmonious committee. His secondgoal was to have the committee take a close look at: • what is technology with respect to K-12 education? Even though our district covers K-6 his desire was to look at the total picture. By understanding the role of technology at the upper grades one could then back down the grade ladder and develop an approach to technology inclusion in K-6. • how could and should technology be incorporated in the K-6 curriculum? • when should this inclusion be introduced and when should it be developed?As one member of the Technology Committee

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Tomasz Traczyk; Krzysztof Antoszkiewicz; Eugeniusz Toczylowski

individual timetables in each semester. An enhancement of flexibility of the curriculum means that programme leading to a particular degree,offered to students, allow the students many options within their areas of interest. A course offer must Page 1.217.1 “Partially supported by KBN grant S505 03804 ~c,,,, ~’tiH; 1996 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings ‘J#H&be large and diversified. It is convenient for all lectures that are offered to be structured and groupedinto subjeci classes. Each subject class contains all modules

Conference Session

Experience with Experiential Learning

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Donna Summers

course and the number ofprojects assigned in an entire curriculum. Taken individually, the number of projectsdoesn’t appear to be too great or too time-consuming. Taken as an entire curriculum,there is the potential for overloading the students. The question is not so much aboutwhether or not too many projects are assigned, but how the projects are integrated intothe courses and the entire curriculum. Students could be bettered served by coordinatingprojects required within their curriculum. In order to enhance the student experience with projects, this survey points outthat programs must: -Teach project management skills early in the curriculum. -Expect and encourage the use of project management skills for all projects

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ying Tang, Rowan University; Sachin Shetty, Tennessee State University; Xiufang Chen, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

AC 2012-3380: EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OF VIRTUAL REAL-ITY GAMES PROMOTING METACOGNITION AND PROBLEM-SOLVINGDr. Ying Tang, Rowan University Ying Tang received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Northeastern University, P. R. China, in 1996 and 1998, respectively, and Ph.D degree from New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N.J., in 2001. She is currently an Associate Professor of electrical and computer engineering at Rowan University. Her research interests include virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and modeling and scheduling of computer- integrated systems. Tang has led or participated in several research and education projects funded by National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Transportation