Conference Session

Issues and Answers in Mathematics Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amelito G. Enriquez, Canada College

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

AC 2011-36: STRENGTHENING THE STEM PIPELINE THROUGH ANINTENSIVE REVIEW PROGRAM FOR MATH PLACEMENT TESTINGAmelito G Enriquez, Canada College Amelito Enriquez is a professor of engineering and mathematics at Canada College. He received his PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, Irvine. His research interests include technology-enhanced instruction and increasing the representation of female, minority and other under- represented groups in mathematics, science and engineering. Page 22.1328.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Strengthening

Conference Session

Panel on Innovative Graduate Education Concepts: Organized by the National Institute of Aerospace

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bimal P. Nepal, Texas A&M University; F. Barry Lawrence, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

University of Texas at Austin. He has more than 10 years of industry experience in sales and retail business before joining Texas A&M. Page 22.1191.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Project-based residency course for online graduate program I. IntroductionDistance based programs are expanding beyond liberal arts and business schools all across theworld. Many engineering and engineering technology programs are currently offering distancebased graduate programs to attract working professionals. While it is widely recognized in theacademic community that project-based

Conference Session

Female Faculty, Learning, NSF, and ABET Issues at Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David A. Koonce, Ohio University; Cynthia D. Anderson, Ohio University; Valerie Martin Conley, Ohio University; Christine Mattley, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

nation’s history.Bibliography 1. National Center for Education Statistics, 2009. “Actual and projected numbers for high school graduates, by control of school: 1993–94 through 2018–19,” Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/projections/projections2018/index.asp 2. Stout J.G., N. Dasgupta, M. Hunsinger, M.A. McManus. 2011. “STEMing the Tide: Using Ingroup Experts to Inoculate Women's Self-concept in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(2):255-70. 3. Cronin, C. and A. Roger, 1999. "Theorizing Progress: Women in Science, Engineering, and Technology in Higher Education." Journal of Research in Science and Teaching, 36(6), 637-661

Conference Session

Pedagogical Innovations in Laboratory Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian P. Sangeorzan, Oakland University; Matthew Nathaniel Bruer, Oakland University; Laila Guessous, Oakland University; Xia Wang, Oakland University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

companies and organizations, including Ford Motor Company, FEV Engine Technology, and General Motors Corporation.Matthew Nathaniel Bruer, Oakland University Matthew Bruer is the Assistant Lab Manager and the Electronics Technician, in the School of Engineering and Computer Science, at Oakland University. He acquired his Bachelors of Science in Engineering in June 21 2006 and is presently completing a Master’s Degree in Electrical Engineering.Laila Guessous, Oakland University Laila Guessous, Ph.D. is an associate professor in the department of mechanical engineering at Oakland University (OU) in Rochester, MI. Her research and teaching interests lie in the areas of fluid mechanics and heat transfer, with an emphasis on

Conference Session

New Developments in Teaching Electromagnetics and Related Topics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert H. Caverly, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

ComponentsMicrowave and Radio Frequency (RF) Engineering is seeing renewed interest by undergraduatestudents, not only in job opportunities that the wireless area affords, but also with students tryingto understand what is ‘under the hood’ in the ubiquitous wireless devices they often (sometimestoo often) use. A veritable alphabet soup of wireless applications (WiFi, WiMAX, RFID andZigBee to name but a fewa) are not only in use now but wider bandwidth, faster wirelessnetworks are projected for the future. In fact, the International Technology Roadmap forSemiconductors (ITRS) shows that RF and “wireless applications may replace computers as thekey driver in manufacturing” over the next 10 years1. In addition to the challenges in lowerpower applications

Conference Session

Oceans & Marine Technical Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ziqian Liu, State University of New York, Maritime College

Tagged Divisions

Ocean and Marine

AC 2011-490: A STUDENT-ORIENTED CONTROL LABORATORY US-ING PROGRAM CCZiqian Liu, SUNY Maritime College Ziqian Liu received the Ph.D. degree from the Southern Illinois University Carbondale in 2005. He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Engineering Department, SUNY Maritime College. From 2005 to 2008, he worked in Ingersoll-Rand Co. Ltd, USA. From 1989 to 1999, he was with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, China. His research interests include nonlin- ear optimal control, intelligent control, motor control systems, DSP or microprocessor-based embedded systems, power electronics and drives, and computational modeling

Conference Session

FPD VI: Presenting "All the Best" of the First-Year Programs Division

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Smaill, University of Auckland; Gerard Rowe, University of Auckland; Lawrence J. Carter, University of Auckland

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

AC 2011-2033: PEER MARKING DOES IT REALLY IMPROVE STU-DENT LEARNING?Chris Smaill, University of Auckland Dr Chris Smaill holds a Ph.D. in engineering education from Curtin University of Technology, Australia, and degrees in physics, mathematics and philosophy from the University of Auckland. For 27 years he taught physics and mathematics at high school level, most recently as Head of Physics at Rangitoto Col- lege, New Zealand’s largest secondary school. This period also saw him setting and marking national examinations, and training high-school teachers. He has a successful, established and ongoing publica- tion record where high-school physics texts are concerned, covering more than 20 years. Since the start

Conference Session

Biological & Agricultural Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Josue Orellana, Washington State University; Fabiola Quiroa, Washington State University; Ala' Ibrahim Abu-Lail; Nehal I. Abu-lail, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

AC 2011-2286: A STEP TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WETCELLULAR BIOENGINEERING LABORATORYJosue Orellana, Washington State University Josue Orellana is currently in his Junior year of his B.S. in Electrical Engineering with emphasis in Bio- engineering and Microelectronics at WSU. He has been involved in undergraduate research for two years. His research interests also include Bioelectronics and Sensing Technologies. josue.orellana@email.wsu.eduFabiola Quiroa, Washington State University Fabiola Quiroa obtained an Associates of Science Degree from North Seattle Community College in 2009. She is currently in her Junior year in Chemical Engineering at WSU and is expected to graduate in 2012. She is a member of the

Conference Session

Computational Tools

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thad B. Welch III P.E., Boise State University; Sam Shearman, National Instruments

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2011-2086: LABVIEW, THE USRP, AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS ONSOFTWARE DEFINED RADIODr. Thad B. Welch, P.E., Boise State University Thad B. Welch, Ph.D., P.E. received the B.E.E., M.S.E.E., E.E., and Ph.D. degrees from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Postgraduate School, and the University of Colorado in 1979, 1989, 1989, and 1997, respectively. He was commissioned in the U.S. Navy in 1979 and has been assigned to three submarines and a submarine repair tender. He has deployed in the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Arctic Ocean. From 1994 1997 he was an Instructor and Assistant Professor teaching in the Electrical Engineering Department at the U.S. Air Force Academy

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Alison N. Garbash; Jed E. Marquart; Hui Shen

Deformation of Layered Polymeric Lenses and Glass Lenses under Thermal Loading Alison N. Garbash Mechanical Engineering Department, Ohio Northern University Jed E. Marquart Mechanical Engineering Department, Ohio Northern University Hui Shen Mechanical Engineering Department, Ohio Northern University 282 Deformation of Layered Polymeric Lenses and Glass Lenses under Thermal LoadingABSTRACTGlass has been widely used as the material for optical lenses. In recent years, withadvancements in technology, polymers have become candidate materials to

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experience

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine E. Winters, Virginia Tech; Holly M. Matusovich, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies, Student

attritionrates in the sciences focused on the research question: “what influence do TAs have onunderclass students‟ plans to major in or leave the sciences?”5. Study results showed thatalthough GTAs could not be directly tied to retention they had a large amount of control overclassroom climate, which in turn did impact retention rates. Moreover, students cited GTAenthusiasm and attitude as facilitating the students‟ learning. Given the similarity of retentionand attrition issues across Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) fields, findingsfrom this study in science are very likely to be relevant to engineering.Graduate Teaching Assistants in EngineeringAccording to the National Academy of Engineering: “the essence of engineering – the

Conference Session

Computers and Software in Teaching Mathmatics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Micah Stickel, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

wireless systems. He has also worked as a post-doctoral researcher in the developing field of three-dimensional metamaterials. He is interested in advancing the art of engineering education through the appropriate use of technology both in and outside of the classroom. As well, he has recently become more involved in the department’s efforts to highlight the many engineering applications of electricity and magnetism to high school students. Page 22.1205.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Putting Mathematics in Context: An Integrative Approach Using

Conference Session

Best of Computers in Education Division

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marcial Lapp, University of Michigan; Jeff Ringenberg, University of Michigan; Kyle J. Summers, University of Michigan; Ari S. Chivukula, MPS; Jeff Fleszar, University of Michigan, Ross School of Business

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2011-2121: THE MOBILE PARTICIPATION SYSTEM NOT JUST AN-OTHER CLICKERMarcial Lapp, University of Michigan Marcial Lapp is a graduate student in the Industrial and Operations Engineering Department at the Uni- versity of Michigan. His research interests lie in modeling and solving large-scale optimization problems focused on the transportation and logistics industries. He holds a Masters and Bachelors degree in Com- puter Science from the Uni-versity of Michigan.Jeff Ringenberg, University of Michigan Jeff Ringenberg is a Lecturer at the University of Michigan’s College of Engineering. His research inter- ests include mobile learning software development, tactile programming, methods for bringing technology

Conference Session

Assessing Student Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory Bucks, Ohio Northern University; William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette William Oakes is the Director of the EPICS Program at Purdue University, one of the founding faculty members of the School of Engineering Education and a courtesy faculty member in Mechanical Engi- neering and Curriculum and Instruction in the College of Education. He is an fellow of the ASEE and NSPE. .He was the first engineer to win the Campus Compact Thomas Ehrlich Faculty Award for Service- Learning. He was a co-recipient of the 2005 National Academy of Engineering’s Bernard Gordon Prize for Innovation in Engineering and Technology Education for his work in EPICS

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Javier A. Kypuros, The University of Texas, Pan American; Horacio Vasquez, University of Texas, Pan American; Constantine Tarawneh, The University of Texas, Pan American; Robert D. Wrinkle, University of Texas, Pan American; Martin William Knecht, South Texas College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

, A., “Tapping epistemological resources for learning physics,” Journal of LearningSciences, 12, 2003, pp. 53–90.4 Beichner, R., “Instructional technology research and development in a us physics education group,” EuropeanJournal of Engineering Education, 31, No. 4, 2006.5 Dancy, M. H. and Beichner, R., “Impact of animation on assessment of conceptual understanding in physics,”Physics Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 2, 2006.6 Yaeger, P. M., Marra,R., M., Gray, G. L. and Costanzo. F., “Assessing new ways of teaching dynamics: Anongoing program to improve teaching, learning, and assessment,” Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference,1999.7 Gray, G. L. and Costanzo, F., “Interactive dynamics: A collaborative approach

Conference Session

Teaching Analog and Digital Communication: Novel Ideas for Lecture Courses, Laboratories, and Projects

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce E. Dunne, Grand Valley State University; Codie Wilson, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

AC 2011-2468: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: A NEW COURSEON THE WIRELESS PHYSICAL LAYER WITH LABORATORY COM-PONENTBruce E. Dunne, Grand Valley State University Bruce E. Dunne received the B.S.E.E. (with honors) and M.S. degrees from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1985 and 1988, respectively, both in Electrical and Computer Engineering. He received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, in 2003. In the Fall of 2003, he joined the Padnos College of Engineering and Computing, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, where he is currently an Associate Professor of Engineering. Prior to this appointment, he held several research and

Collection

2011 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Satbir S. Sekhon; Albert Rendon; Samuel Gomez; Reza Raeisi

composed of seven maincomponents: MCU, Temperature sensor, Humidity sensor, Accelerometer, External memory,USB and Ethernet ports. An accelerometer measures shock and vibrations, which providesinformation about the handling of the device. Proceedings of the 2011 PSW American Society for Engineering Education Zone IV Conference  Copyright © 2011, American Society for Engineering Education  75      External

Conference Session

K-12 Students and Teachers

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robin Guill Liles, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Courtney Lambeth, North Carolina A&T State University; Cindy Waters, North Carolina A&T State University (Eng); Devdas M. Pai, North Carolina A&T State University (Eng)

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

. Page 22.225.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Are We Growing the Next Generation of Bioengineers?OverviewScientific understanding, engineering solutions, and technological innovations have led tosubstantial growth in economies all over the world since the Industrial Revolution1. Accordingto the National Academy of Science1, fewer American students are choosing to obtain highereducation in science and engineering than students in other countries. This powerful fact aloneindicates that increased Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) educationis critically important to the current educational system, thus ensuring that the United Statesmaintains the human capital

Conference Session

New Developments in Teaching Electromagnetics and Related Topics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Madeleine Andrawis, South Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

technology, and other related topics. Over her career at SDSU, Dr. Andrawis served in many leadership roles through task forces, committees, and programs. She also served as Chair of the Academic Senate for the 2007/2008 academic year and has served on its Executive Committee for four years. Page 22.1606.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Using Active Learning in Teaching ElectromagneticsIntroduction“Learning is not a spectator sport. Students do not learn much just by sitting in classes listeningto teachers, memorizing pre-packaged assignments, and spitting out answers

Conference Session

Teaching Dynamics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David R. Mikesell, Ohio Northern University; John-David S. Yoder, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

AC 2011-615: TEACHING DYNAMICS WITH A DESIGN PROJECTSDavid R. Mikesell, Ohio Northern University David R. Mikesell is an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Ohio Northern University. His research interests are in land vehicle dynamics, autonomous vehicles, and robotics. He joined the faculty in 2007 after work in automotive engineering at Ohio State (MS 2006, PhD 2008), six years designing automated assembly machines and metal-cutting tools for Grob Systems, and four years’ service as an officer in the U.S. Navy. He holds bachelor degrees in German (Duke 1986) and Mechanical Engineering (ONU 1997).John-David S Yoder, Ohio Northern University John-David Yoder received all of his degrees (B.S., M.S

Collection

2011 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Gaetan Garcia; Matthew R. Stein

Technology-Assisted Education, 200617: Carlos A. Jara, Francisco A. Candelas, Fernando Torres; Virtual and Remote Laboratory forRobotics ELearning, 18th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, 200818: R. Šafaric, M. Truntic, D. Hercog and G. Pacnik; Control and Robotics Remote Laboratory forEngineering Education, iJOE International Journal on Online Engineering,1(1),200519: Adil Sayouti, Adil Lebbat, Hicham Medromi and Fatima Qrichi Aniba; Remote Laboratory forTeaching Mobile Systems, International Journal of Computer and Network Security,3(2),201020: James E. Corter, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Sven K. Esche and Constantin Chassapis; Remote VersusHands-On Labs: A Comparative Study, 34th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Diana Schwerha; AARON JONES; SHIJING LIU; Sertac Ozercan; Jie Zhou

Development of a Computer Skills Class for Older Adults Using a Service Learning ModelDIANA SCHWERHA, PhDDiana J. Schwerha is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Industrial and SystemsEngineering in the Russ College of Engineering and Technology at Ohio University. Dr. Schwerha’sresearch interests focus on applying ergonomics to retain older workers and designing usabletechnologies. She teaches courses in ergonomics, statistics, and quality control and is a trained SixSigma Black Belt.AARON JONESMr. Jones is a graduate student in the master’s degree program in Industrial and SystemsEngineering in the Russ College of Engineering and Technology at Ohio University. He researchinterests

Collection

2011 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

S Claudina Vargas

graspcomplex DAE concepts and produced simple but well-designed experiments. This pilot providedvaluable insights to ways in which to improve the curriculum design. A new test will beconducted in summer 2011. We believe this curriculum will be useful to educators. It dealsexplicitly with the subject of designing effective experiments.Keywords:Experimentation, Language-Infused, Design of Experiments, Engineering Education,Engagement, High SchoolIntroductionExperimentation is a typical element in science and technology activities intended for pre-college students, but principles of the design and analysis of experiments (DAE) are rarely1 © 2011 COSOLA,USA .All Rights Reserved.A language-infused approach to introduce Dominican high school students to

Conference Session

Biological & Agricultural Technical Session II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Frankie Santos Laanan, Iowa State University; Balaji Narasimhan, Iowa State University; Monica H. Lamm, Iowa State University; Carlos Lopez, Iowa State University ; Dimitra Lynette Jackson, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

biology, chemistry and engineering. In fact, biology has become as much of anenabling science for chemical engineering as mathematics, physics, and chemistry. This newparadigm shift in the engineering field demands that undergraduate students should be exposedto biological engineering at an early stage of their career via research and discovery experiences.This will provide them with a better understanding about the importance of interdisciplinaryresearch and science innovation.There is a need for an increase in the representation of individuals in the areas of chemical andbiological engineering. In this ever-increasing technology-driven and globalized society, we needmore individuals who are trained in interdisciplinary sciences to address

Conference Session

Great Ideas for Projects that Teach Instrumentation

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David R. Loker, Pennsylvania State University, Erie; Robert Weissbach, Pennsylvania State University, Erie; Adam Henry, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

AC 2011-1607: CONVEYOR CONTROL SYSTEM PROJECTDavid R. Loker, Pennsylvania State University, Erie David R. Loker received the M.S.E.E. degree from Syracuse University in 1986. In 1984, he joined General Electric (GE) Company, AESD, as a design engineer. In 1988, he joined the faculty at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College. In 2007, he became the Chair of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Program. His research interests include wireless sensor networks, data acquisition systems, and communications systems.Robert Weissbach, Pennsylvania State University, Erie Robert Weissbach is currently an associate professor of engineering and incoming director of the Ap- plied Energy Research Center at Penn

Conference Session

International Experience, Effective Instruction, and Student Exchange Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

International

. Springer, L., M. Stanne, and S. Donavan, “Effects of Small-Group Learning on Undergraduates in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology: A Meta-Analysis,” Review of Educational Research, vol.69, no.1, 1999, pp.21-52.14. Wankat, P.H., “Reflective Analysis of Student Learning in a Sophomore Engineering Course,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol.88, no.2, April, 1999, pp.195-20315. McLeod, A., “Discovery and Facilitating Deep Learning States,” National Teaching and Learning Forum, Vol.5, no.6, 1996, pp.1-7 Page 22.312.13

Conference Session

Female Faculty, Learning, NSF, and ABET Issues at Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David A. Koonce, Ohio University; Valerie Martin Conley, Ohio University; Dyah A. Hening, Ohio University; Cynthia D. Anderson, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

looks at gender and the highest degree obtained.BackgroundSTEM definitionThere is no standard definition of STEM. Scholars define STEM from different perspectives, fordifferent purposes and by using different (or no) coding schemes. Broadly, STEM is classified byeither education or occupational definitions. Through meta-analysis, we created a standardizeddefinition of STEM that combines education and occupational definitions with NSOPF codes5.Educational DefinitionsMost scholars focus on STEM as an academic discipline. Some use the broad categories ofScience, Technology, Engineering and Math, while others define specific CIP codes. Despite thegranularity of the definition, some disciplines are consistently defined as STEM. Using simplefrequency

Collection

2011 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Vance Poteat

COLLEGE CHEATING – A SIX YEAR FOLLOW-UP Vance Poteat Departments of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Merrimack College vance.poteat@merrimack.edu Abstract According to various researchers, between 25% up to and in excess of 90% of all college students engage in some form of cheating. Traditionally, cheating includes inappropriate collaborations on a homework assignment, a cheat sheet hidden up a student’s sleeve or more recently on the back of a water bottle label, as well as those wondering eyes during an exam

Conference Session

Students' Abilities and Attitudes

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John R. Reisel, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee; Leah Rineck; Marissa Jablonski, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Ethan V Munson, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Hossein Hosseini, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

factors were considered with regards to the students’ success in the bridgeprogram. These factors resulted in some changes which were implemented in the 2010 summerbridge program. The 2010 program saw a larger percentage of students improve their mathcourse placement, with 83% of the students improving their math placement in 2010 vs. 68% in2009. These factors are discussed as well.IntroductionIn the United States today, there is great interest in the education and graduation of morestudents in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines.1,2There are two primary tasks that are needed for this goal to be accomplished. First, morestudents need to be attracted to pursue college-level studies in the STEM fields. Second

Collection

2011 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Grant Crawford; Elizabeth Bristow

terrorism withmilitary might and nothing else, then we will be no safer than we were before 911. If we trulywant a legacy of peace for our children, we need to understand that this is a war that willultimately be won with books, not with bombs.” [1]A by-product of the poor educational system is a shortage of engineers and the accompanyingpoor state of civil infrastructure that permeates the country. In addressing this problem, thenational leadership of Afghanistan is working to reinvigorate the country’s university system.Part of that effort has been the establishment of the National Military Academy of Afghanistan(NMAA); a four-year, bachelor degree granting institution modeled after the military academiesof the United States. Two of the primary