Conference Session

Computing Tools for Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Roberts, University of Wisconsin-Platteville; Christina Curras, University of Wisconsin-Platteville; Philip Parker, University of Wisconsin-Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

, a “linking table” was used as illustrated in Figure 2. Another many-to-manyrelationship was required for the concept(s) covered by a problem. A homework problem willtypically have more than one concept (or lesson objective) that is covered. To accomplish this,another linking table was used similar to the one shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 - Creating assignments with problem records.Database ImplementationBecause many different instructors will be using the database, a user interface was created toallow fast access to reports and data-entry forms. The main interface for the database can beseen in Figure 3. Figure 3 – Main database user interface.A form was also created to facilitate the creation

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dale Bremmer, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Patricia Carlson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Carlson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Patricia Carlson is a professor of rhetoric in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences. She is a long-time advocate of writing in engineering education. Carlson has been a National Research Council Senior Fellow for the U. S. Air Forcer, as well as having had several research fellowships with NASA (Langley and Goddard) and the Army’s Aberdeen Proving Ground. She has also been a research fellow at NASA’s Classroom of the Future located in Wheeling, WVA. Her primary research area – computer-aided tools to enhance writing in engineering education – has been funded through two NSF grants

Conference Session

Assessment and Evaluation in Engineering Education I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rose Marra, University of Missouri; Barbara Bogue, Pennsylvania State University; Demei Shen, University of Missouri; Kelly Rodgers, University of Missouri

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

study of first-year S&E students in 1990 found that fewer than 50percent had completed an S&E degree within five years.3 Furthermore, retention of engineeringstudents is a primary goal of Women in Engineering (WIE) and Multicultural Engineering(MEP) programs.Understanding why some students leave engineering to study another discipline at theiruniversity is an important factor in addressing low retention. Studies from Seymour and Hewitt6and Brainard and Carlin7 provided our communities with results essential to developing anunderstanding of why students from those institutions during that time period chose to leaveengineering. However, WIE, MEP, college of engineering administrators and faculty have anongoing need for these data from

Conference Session

Computer Tools for Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeff Frolik, University of Vermont

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. Additional thanks to MicroStrain, Inc. of Williston, Vermont forgenerously supporting a wide range of wireless sensor related activities at UVM.Bibliography1 J. Frolik and J. Zurn, “Evaluation of Tablet PCs for engineering instruction and content development,” ASEEComputers in Education Journal, Vol. 15, No. 3, July-September 2005.2 J. Cimbala, R. Toto, M. Wharton and J. Wise, “One step beyond: lecturing with a Tablet PC,” 2006 ASEE AnnualConference, Chicago IL.3 S. Brophy and G. Walker, “Case study of the pedagogical impact of Tablet PCs as a presentation medium in large-scale engineering classrooms,” 2005 ASEE Annual Conference, Portland OR.4 J. Griffioen, W. Seales, J. Lumpp, “Teaching in realtime wireless classrooms,” Frontiers in Education

Conference Session

Mentoring Graduate Students

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shashi Marikunte, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale; Frances Harackiewicz, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale; John Nicklow, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale; Lizette Chevalier, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

been reported thatthe proportion of undergraduate teaching assigned to graduate teaching assistants isbetween 25 to 38 percent.6 However, many graduate teaching assistants are not Page 11.268.2adequately prepared for their responsibilities. In order to address this concern manyuniversities across the country have implemented formal graduate teaching assistanttraining programs since 1980’s.7 - 10 Most of these training implemented are at theinstitution level and the program is generalized to include all disciplines.11 As a result thefocus of such programs are mainly on procedural issues (e.g., sexual harassment,diversity, campus resources, etc

Conference Session

Web-based learning

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

B. Sridhara, Middle Tennessee State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

2006-1508: WEBCT – A POWERFUL WEB-ENHANCED INSTRUCTION TOOLFOR ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY COURSESB. Sridhara, Middle Tennessee State University B. S. SRIDHARA Dr. B. S. Sridhara is a professor in the Department of Engineering Technology and Industrial Studies at Middle Tennessee State University. He received his B.S.M.E. and M.S.M.E. degrees from Bangalore University and Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. He received his M.S.M.E. and Ph. D. degrees from Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, and Auburn University, Alabama. Dr. Sridhara has published several peer-reviewed articles in the areas of Acoustics, Vibration, finite element methods, and Engineering Education

Conference Session

Electrical ET Projects and Applications

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Joanne DeGroat, Ohio State University; Scott Amos, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

11.108.6References:1. K. Compton and S. Hauk, “Reconfigurable Computing: A Survey of Systems and Software,” ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 34, June 2002, pp. 171-210.2. A. L. Slade, B. E. thNelson, and B. L. Hutchings, “Reconfigurable Computing Application Frameworks,” Proceeding of the 11 Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), April 20033. W. J. Dally and C. L. Seitz., “The Torus Routing Chip,” Journal of Distributed Computing, Vol. 1, No. 3, 1986, pp. 187-196.4. S. Hauk, “The Future of Reconfigurable Systems,” 5th Canadian Conference on Field Programmable Devices, June 1998.5. M. B. Taylor et al., “The RAW microprocessor: A computational Fabric for Software circuits and General-Purpose

Conference Session

Web-Based Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Ziegler, State University of New York-Binghamton University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

at the receiver(s) and pressing the desired button. As shown in Figure 4, theacquisition software displays a box on the computer screen for each student's remote. Thisallows both the students and the instructor to verify that each response has been recorded. Thelocation of each box remains the same for the entire semester and the color of each box isdetermined by the last digit of the remote ID number. Figure 4: Students respond to questions2Responses TabulatedThe receiver(s) collect the student responses and sends them to the host computer (Windows,Macintosh, or Linux). The software associates student names with the remote ID numbers andgrades the responses instantly. The results are saved in a file and if desired, a

Conference Session

ECE Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Yoder, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Bruce Black, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Bruce A. Black (S’63-M’65-SM’89) completed his B.S. at Columbia University, his S.M. at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and his Ph.D. at the University of California at Berkeley, all in electrical engineering. Since 1983 he has been on the faculty of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in Terre Haute, Indiana, where he is also advisor to Tau Beta Pi and to the Amateur Radio club (W9NAA). His interests are in communications, wireless systems, and signal processing. He has developed a variety of courses and laboratories in the signal processing and communications areas, including a

Conference Session

Trend in Construction Engineering Education II

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Swan, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

pursued this opportunity by seeking to use the construction sites as the basis for acourse on the construction process and the roles engineers have in construction. In other words,the projects were used as active learning “centers” through which students will learn and applyengineering concepts and the construction process.Construction engineering education is not new, dating back to the 1950’s 1, and industry hasplayed in important role in the establishment of such programs. The Construction Engineeringand Management degree program at Purdue University, established in 1972, has stronguniversity-industry collaborations in program development and delivery4. In addition, the use ofactive construction sites to illustrate or reinforce course concepts

Conference Session

Innovative and Computer-Assisted Lab Studies

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Bloomquist, University of Florida; Michael McVay, University of Florida; Scott Wasman, University of Florida; Clinton Slatton, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

that regardless of the valve(s) position, the water levels are equal for no-flowconditions.Instrument DescriptionThe Hydrodynamic Wheatstone Bridge (HWB) shown in Figure 1, was designed for use as ahands-on lab instrument. It utilizes a 1000 mL graduated cylinder filled with water and placedadjacent to the bridge to create the applied pressure (voltage) to the pipe network (circuit).Swagelok valves represent the four strain gages in the legs of the circuit. The valves areconnected by ¼" OD tubing and 45º brass fittings. Manometer tubes, (Fig. 2) are located in-between the valves, allowing the students to measure the water column height or head (voltage)and the changes caused by opening or closing one or more valves. The valves can be adjusted

Conference Session

Energy Resources, Efficiency, and Conservation

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeri-Anne McKeon

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

EducationEnergy efficiency emerged as a dominant societal interest in 1973, the year of the first Arab oilembargo, when the continued availability of energy resources was called into question. Today,attention is returning to the analysis of fossil fuel depletion that was begun by M. King Hubbertin the 1950’s, which shows that conventional oil and gas resources will be exhausted by themiddle of this century.It now seems likely that replacement energy supplies will fall far below present levels and thatall energy supplies will become expensive enough to limit their use. These changes will occurduring the working lives of today’s engineering students. The only reliable solution is toradically improve the efficiency of our energy usage. The present

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Cottrell, University of North Carolina-Charlotte; Richard Ciocci, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg; Jerry Shoup, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg

2006-2343: PREVIEWS OF COMING ATTRACTIONS – EMPLOYING THE FIRSTYEAR SEMINAR TO PREPARE ENGINEERING FRESHMEN FOR SUCCESS INCOLLEGE AND BEYONDDavid Cottrell, University of North Carolina-Charlotte DR. DAVID S. COTTRELL is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Technology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1978 and retired in 2000 after more than 22 years of service with the US Army Corps of Engineers. Studies at Texas A&M University resulted in an MS Degree in Civil Engineering in 1987 and a PhD in 1995. He is a registered Professional Engineer and has taught courses in statics, dynamics, mechanics of materials

Conference Session

Information Technology in Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Prashant Jain, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign; James Stubbins, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign; Rizwan Uddin, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Nuclear and Radiological

, Distance Lab via LabVIEW and Webcam”, Trans. ANS, 92 (2005).[6] YUXIANG GU et al. “UIUC's Contribution to Big-10's INIE Project”, Proc. of the PHYSOR 2004, 2067- 2077, Chicago, IL, ANS (2004).[7] J. W. HINES, “Distance Education: Teaching from a Distance” Trans. ANS, 91, 978-979 (2004).[8] S. E. BINNEY, K. A. HIGLEY, “Distance Learning Revival at Oregon State University”, Trans. ANS, 91, 975-977 (2004).[9] NPRE-351 LAB MANUAL, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA (2005). Page 11.290.13[10] USB-TEMP, Temperature Measurement Module

Conference Session

Cooperative Education Addresses ABET

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Mathews, Mississippi State University; Donna Reese, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

AC 2007-234: USING CO-OP EMPLOYER SURVEYS TO ASSESS ABETOUTCOMESJohn Mathews, Mississippi State University John M. (Mike) Mathews. Mike Mathews is currently the Associate Director of Cooperative Education and Assistant Professor of Cooperative Programs at Mississippi State University. He has been involved in Cooperative Education at Mississippi State University for 31 years and active in ASEE for over 20 years. He can be reached via email at mike@coop.msstate.edu.Donna Reese, Mississippi State University Donna S. Reese. Professor Reese is currently the Associate Dean for Academics and Administration for the James Worth Bagley College of Engineering at Mississippi State University and a

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education II

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Rusek, Oakland University; Barbara Oakley, Oakland University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. References[1] M. N. O. Sadiku and L. C. Agba, "A simple introduction to the transmission-line modeling," IEEE Page 12.567.17 Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol. 37, pp. 991-999, 1990.[2] C. W. Trueman, "Teaching transmission line transients using computer animation," IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (San Juan, Puerto Rico, 10–13 Nov.), pp. 9-11, 1999.[3] S. H. Mousavinezhad, "Electric & magnetic fields, transmission lines first?," 2006 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition: Excellence in Education, 2006. http://www.asee.org/acPapers/code/getPaper.cfm?paperID=11331[4] P. C. Magnusson, Transmission

Conference Session

Gender and Accessibility Issues in K-12 Engineering Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Klenk, Duke University; Frank Dreher, Duke University; Emilie Condon, Githens Middle School; Gary Ybarra, Duke University; Lara Oliver, Duke University; Glenda Kelly, Duke University; Nancy Shaw, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Conference Session

Research on Learning, Performance, and Impact

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cameron Denson, North Carolina State University; Chandra Y Austin Ph.D, Auburn University; Christine E. Hailey, Utah State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

identified themselves as white, and fourteen percentidentified themselves as black or African American. In addition to the 39 impact statements, thesurvey also included the self-efficacy and interest sub-scales.Analysis of the survey results provided evidence that it was long and students ran out ofenthusiasm to finish. For example, slightly more than 20 students did not provide any response tothe last section (MESA Impacts). Over 30 students provided identical answers to each of the 39items in the last section (e.g. all 10’s or all 1’s).AnalysisIn order to reduce the number of survey items in the impacts section, the research team utilized Page

Conference Session

Capstone Manufacturing and Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Somnath Chattopadhyay, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

presented in the lectureclasses. Some students preferred advanced machining (Use of CNC machines) but thought theshop experience was worthwhile. The student evaluations were generally positive and thestudents enjoyed the lab sessions where they learned a variety of manufacturing and assemblyprocesses, and developed an appreciation for the working of machine tools and other equipment.The supplemental activities following each manufacturing process helped to tie in the lecture andlaboratory classes.BIBLIOGRAPHY[1] Manufacturing Engineering and Technology,, Kalpakjian, S., and Schmidt, S., 6th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2010..[2] Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, Ashby, M. F., Fourth Edition, Butterworth-Heinneman, 2006

Conference Session

Mechanics, Hands-on Demo - Show & Tell!

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carrie J. McClelland P.E., Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

Integrated Approach to Designing College Courses, Jossey-Bass Imprint, John Wiley and Sons (2003) 2. Ambrose, S., Bridges, M.W., DiPietro, M., Lovett, M.C., Norman, M.K., (2010). How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching. Jossey-Bass, pp. 1. 3. Bergmann, J., Overmyer, J., Wilie, B., (2012) The Flipped Class: Myths vs. Reality, The Daily Riff, April 14, 2012. Accessed online: http://www.thedailyriff.com/articles/the- flipped-class-conversation-689.php 4. Weinstein, C.E., Meyer, D.K., Husman, J., McKeachie, W.J. & Svinicki, M. (2011). “Teaching Students How to Become More Strategic and Self-Regulated Learners,” in McKeachie’s Teaching Tips: Strategies, Research and Theory for

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David L. Soldan, Kansas State University; Don Gruenbacher, Kansas State University; Noel N. Schulz, Kansas State University; Blythe A Vogt PE, Kansas State University; William Bowes Hageman, Kansas State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Proceedings, Rapid City, South Dakota, October 2011.6. S. Lord, K. Kramer, R. Olson, M. Karsada, D. Hayhurst, S. Rajala, R. Green, and D. Soldan, “Special Session – Attracting and Supporting Militray Veterans to Engineering Programs,” 2011 Frontiers in Education Conference Proceedings, Rapid City, South Dakota, October 2011. Page 23.620.7

Conference Session

Special Initiatives and Programs at Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anne-Marie A Lerner, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

the Mechanical Engineering Program.Senior Design has a prerequisite of most other senior-level classes, and a hold is placed on thatclass that can only be lifted once the Intent to Graduate form has been signed, and theDepartment has certified that a student is in their final semester of classes. For simplicity’s sake,then, students enrolled in Introduction to Engineering are referred to as freshmen, those enrolledin Introduction to Computational Methods are referred to as juniors, and those in Senior Designare called seniors.The nineteen-question survey administered contains the 8-question Grit-S survey [4], theparticipant’s gender, age, name, whether they are a first generation college student, racialidentity, marital status, the number of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher D. Schmitz, University of Illinois; Michael C. Loui, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Renata A Revelo, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

development skills were important in theirprofessional careers. Finally, it should be noted that the majority of the interviewed studentscited their professor and TAs as important aspects of their experience in the course in futuresemesters.References 1. Barkley, E. F. (2010). Student engagement techniques: A handbook for college faculty. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 2. Angelo, T.A., and Cross, K.P. (1993). Classroom Assessment Techniques, 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass. pp. 148-153. 3. Kuc, R. (2001). Teaching the nonscience major: EE101-The digital information age. IEEE Transactions on Education, 44 (2), 158-164. 4. Orsak, G. C., Wood, S. L., Douglas, S. C., Munson, D. C., Treichler, J. R., Athale, R. A

Conference Session

Capstone Design and Innovations in ECE

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John J. Burke P.E., Western New England University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

has been created.Students are assigned a permanent lab partner for the semester; all experiments arecompleted with this lab partner. For the preparation of each lab report the lab groups arepaired with another lab group to form a team of 4 students. The teams of four arechanged with each new lab assignment. See Table 1 for an example.Table 1 A typical group’s (Group 01) activities for the third week of the semester. Team Tasks Group 01 Completed Lab 1 two weeks prior. Finishing the lab report for Lab 1. Group 02 Group 01 Completed Lab 2 one week prior. Commencing the writing and data Group 03 analysis for Lab 2’s report. Group 01 Creating a cost

Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Carlson-Dakes, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Gregory W Harrington, Dept of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Univ of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

Conference Session

Thermal Sciences

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lin Lin, University of Southern Maine; James W. Smith, University of Southern Maine; Stephen Knittweis

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

. 80 water temperature (C) 60 40 20 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 time (s) 1000 800 power (W) 600 400 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 time (s

Conference Session

Enhancing Engineering Management

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert C. Creese, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

analysis. Themodel has been modified to develop a Cost "S" Curve from the traditional point estimate valuebased upon the triangular distribution and using three parameters, H/L ratio, the percentile valuefor the point estimate and the percentile value for the most likely cost. This approach eliminatesthe need for the traditional triangular distribution parameters of the high with a specifiedpercentile, the low with a specified percentile, and the mode. It is difficult to get estimates of thehigh and low values associated with percentiles, whereas the H/L ratio is easier to obtain forestimates. The results from the model include the lowest cost, the most likely cost, the mediancost, the mean cost, and the highest cost estimate as well as the cost

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Liping Guo, Northern Illinois University; Jingbo Han, Northern Illinois University; Andrew Wasonga Otieno, Associate Professor

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

determined by the flux density. In Simulink,the model of solar cell can be found in the library of Sources in SimElectronics. This blockmodels a solar cell as a parallel combination of a current source, two exponential diodes and aparallel resistor, Rp, that are connected with a series resistance Rs. Figure 2 shows theimplementation of solar cell module in Simulink. 1 Constant PS S Simulink-PS Converter1 + Ir

Conference Session

Engineering Economy Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Weihang Zhu, Lamar University; Alberto Marquez P.E., Lamar University; Julia Yoo, Lamar University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

. Regarding the development of a mobile app for an Engineering Economics course, ourdesigned app has implemented many modules to help students reinforce the key concepts andimprove their problem-solving skills. The pilot study results provide many valuable inputs thatallow continuous improvement of the app. The authors are currently working on a new app witha more engaging game interface. The purpose of the new app is to attract students to maintaintheir interest and to increase their time of using the app to improve their academic performance.After the new app is fully tested and assessed, it will be made available freely through Apple Appstore and Google Play.Reference 1. Ryan, S., Jackman, J., Peters, F., Olafsson, S.: The engineering learning

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Priscilla J Hill, Mississippi State University; Oliver J. Myers, Mississippi State University; Yaroslav Koshka, Mississippi State University; Giselle Thibaudeau, Institute for Imaging & Analytical Technologies, Mississippi State University; Carlen Henington, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. Journal of Nano Education. 3. Hill, P. J., Koshka, Y., Myers, O. J., Thibaudeau, G., and Henington, C. D. (2012). NanoExposed! – An Introduction to Nanotechnology. 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition. 4. Hiemenz, P. C. & Rajagopalan, R. (1997). Principles of colloid and surface chemistry (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Marcel Dekker. 5. Tao, A. R., Huang, J., & Yang, P. (2008). Langmuir-Blodgettry of nanocrystals and nanowires. Accounts of Chemical Research, 41, 1662-1673. Page 23.74.66. Zhang, L., Gu, F. X., Chan, J. M., Wang, A. Z., Langer, R. S., & Farokhzad, O. C. (2008