., “Engineering by the numbers,” American Society for Engineering Education, Washington D.C., 2017.[4] M. F. Fox, “Institutional Transformation and the Advancement of Women Faculty: The Case of Academic Science and Engineering,” in Higher Education, J. C. Smart, Ed. Springer Netherlands, 2008, pp. 73–103.[5] D. Bilimoria, S. Joy, and X. Liang, “Breaking barriers and creating inclusiveness: Lessons of organizational transformation to advance women faculty in academic science and engineering,” Hum. Resour. Manage., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 423–441, Sep. 2008, doi: 10.1002/hrm.20225.[6] S. R. Bird, “Unsettling Universities’ Incongruous, Gendered Bureaucratic Structures: A Case-study Approach,” Gender, Work & Organization
, is beingundertaken in order to provide an `inside out` view of their experience. These interviews will allow usto tell many stories – perhaps more importantly, a story that details the many different things we aredoing in order to produce sustainable change for our many constituents.References[1] C. Hill, C. Corbett, and A. St. Rose, Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Washington, D. C.: American Association of University Women (AAUW), 2010.[2] S. Ceci, W. Williams, and S. Barnett, “Women’s Underrepresentation in Science: Sociocultural and Biological Considerations,” Psychol. Bull., vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 218–261, 2009.[3] J. Hyde, S. Lindberg, M. Linn, and C. Williams, “Gender Similarities
. Surveyresponse data was converted to a 100-point scale such that a response of all 3’s would yield anormalized score of 100% and a response of all 1’s would yield a normalized score of 0% asfollows: 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑦𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑒 − 1 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑦𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = (100%) 2 100% KS0 KS1 Exam 1 KS2 Exam 2 90% 80% 70%Score (Percent) 60% 50% 40
. Students were going to 6th grade (40.2%), 7th grade (31.5%), 8th grade (28.3%) duringthe summer. Additionally, the researchers randomly selected one or two students from eachgroup/table in camp 1 to 4. A total of 22 students presented their groups/tables to conduct in-depth interviews with us on the last day of each camp. Of the 22 interviewees, six were fromcamp 1, seven were from camp 2, five were from camp 3, and four were from camp 4. Allstudents and their guardians were required to sign consent letters.Instruments The instrument used in this study was the Middle/High School Student Attitudes towardSTEM (S-STEM) survey. This instrument was a useful tool in the evaluations of the university’soutreach projects and K-12 STEM initiative [46
traditionalstudents to leave school in their first year; 1) much less likely to earn a degree within five years;2) far more likely to have leave school without returning than their traditional counterparts.Why we need to examine nontraditional student experiences in STEM In the United States, STEM education at all levels remains a significant national priority basedupon concerns ranging from global competitiveness, national security, 21st century workforceneeds, and equal access. In 2018, U.S. science and engineering (S&E) bachelor’s degreescomprised only 10% of the global total, while India and China together produced almost half ofthe world’s S&E bachelor degrees during the same time period. The U.S. demand for graduateswith STEM degrees continues
objective function based on the KPIs and assigned weight (importance) to each criterion. We used twoseparate Likert scales with scores between 1 to 10 to determine the weights and assess the performancelevel, respectively, of each criterion through teacher surveys. We conducted the surveys at the end of eachweek (iteration), determined the objective function value, analyzed the outcomes, and took necessaryactions to enhance the objective function value in the next iteration(s). Here, the objective function valuecomputed in an iteration indicates the overall performance of that iteration. For the selected KPIs, weights,and scales, the maximum possible objective function value was 1,200. We assume that the objectivefunction value is the targeted
al., [11]) is Pulakos et al.’s taxonomy, which includes: solving problemscreatively; dealing with uncertain or unpredictable work situations; learning new worktasks/technology/procedures; interpersonal adaptability; cultural adaptability; physically-orientedadaptability; handling workplace stress; and handling emergencies/crisis situations [34]. There isno published instrument associated with this taxonomy; those authors taking it up have createdprocedures and instruments based on their own operationalization of the dimensions. Notably,this taxonomy focuses explicitly on observed behaviors, rather than on the metacognitive orcognitive skills and abilities identified in the rest of the literature, as being central to adaptiveexpertise, making
advising quality) 12 Connection and sense of belonging to college Literature review 13 Opportunity to be independent Focus group Negative outcomes Participation in out-of-class activities does not always lead to positive outcomes. The review ofliteratures revealed that there are a number of unintended consequences or negative outcomesassociated with students’ involvement in out-of-class activities. Further, the researchers foundthat there are a number of factors that act as barriers to students from getting involved in certainout-of-class activities. To the best of our knowledge, no such survey(s) exist that assess studentson those negative
beunderstood or experienced [9]. The interpreter of the phenomenon is the participant, not theresearcher. In order to solicit a variety of experiences and to allow all relevant voices to be heard[10] , a highly varied sampling of participants is necessary. With a well-designed semi-structuredinterview, the participant can unveil the environment, the products, and the processes of theirprofessional experiences. The creation of hierarchical categories as part of the analysis mayuncover the development of mastery of the skill(s) under investigation. While there has been work that shows a one-axis increase of awareness or mastery of acertain phenomenon, there is an increasing use of phenomenography where the results oroutcomes are expressed in
N. Cristianini, "Automating News Content Analysis: An Application to Gender Bias and Readability," 2010.[6] D. Citron and F. Pasquale, "The Scored Society: Due Process for Automated Predictions," Faculty Scholarship, 1 1 2014.[7] T. Bolukbasi, K.-W. Chang, J. Zou, V. Saligrama and A. Kalai, "Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings," in Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings, 2016.[8] S. Leavy, "Gender bias in artificial intelligence: The need for diversity and gender theory in machine learning," in Proceedings - International Conference on Software Engineering, 2018.[9] "Global Gender Gap
Thinking,” in Early Engineering Learning, L. English and T. Moore, Eds., in Early Mathematics Learning and Development. , Singapore: Springer, 2018, pp. 9–18. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-8621-2_2.[2] National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Science and Engineering in Preschool Through Elementary Grades: The Brilliance of Children and the Strengths of Educators. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2021. Accessed: Dec. 02, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.17226/26215[3] C. N. Lippard, M. H. Lamm, and K. L. Riley, “Engineering Thinking in Prekindergarten Children: A Systematic Literature Review,” J. Eng. Educ., vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 454–474, 2017, doi: 10.1002/jee.20174.[4] Z. S. Gold, J
methodology to tell thestory of the multitudinous factors in Chavonne Garza’s life that shaped her journey to and withinengineering. This methodology illuminated ways that many institutions, including academia,were designed and continue to operate without her well-being in mind.Researchers have investigated epistemological and ontological ways that marginalized peoplesengage with STEM. Wilson-Lopez et al.’s investigation of funds of knowledge in Latinxadolescent approaches to engineering demonstrated ways that “participants’ everyday skills andbodies of knowledge aligned with engineering practices” [16, p. 278]. Verdín, Smith, and Lucena[17] engaged the funds of knowledge framework to demonstrate ways that first-generationengineering college students
teaching team to incorporate accessibility practices for Kulkarni’s course experience. Course and teaching assistant(s) Undergraduate and master’s students who are responsible for running office hours and leading lab sessions, among other tasks. They explored accessible learning methods with Kulkarni. Disability services officer (DSO) The accessibility manager at the disability services office at our academic institution. She created accessible, tactile diagrams for Kulkarni’s course material and coordinated
improvingthe software. We continuously work on improving the software to provide the students with thebest sketching learning experience.AcknowledgementsThis research was supported by National Science Foundation, ”Collaborative Research: FosteringEngineering Creativity and Communication through Immediate, Personalized Feedback on 2D-Perspective Drawing” : 2013612 (Texas A&M University), 2013504 (Georgia Tech), 2013575 (San Jose State University) and 2013554 (Purdue University). References [1] S. Sorby, “Educational research in developing 3-d spatial skills for engineering students,” International Journal of Science Education - INT J SCI EDUC, vol. 31, pp. 459–480, 02 2009. [2] K. Vanlehn, “The relative effectiveness of
lens of funds of identity in this studyallows for the exploration of leadership identity and engineering identity as related to Blackengineers' cultural identity. Leadership and engineering serve as professional identities that areclosely related to practical and institutional funds of identity, where this group's Black identityinfluences social and cultural funds of identity. Additionally, this work utilizes Ross et al.'s [27] lens regarding resilient identities. Intheir work, Ross et al. [27] considered how Black women in the engineering industry developand experience their identities. The researchers describe resilient identity as "a consistent view ofoneself in spite of contexts that threaten the congruency of those multiple
identified as male and four as female. The representation of the sample’s race and ethnicity makeup include: Black (n=1), Hispanic or Latino (n=1), Middle Eastern (n=2), and white (n=6). Table 1 provides additional co-researcher demographic information, as reported in the screening survey. Table 1 Co-researcher Demographic InformationPseudonym Race Gender Disability(s) Engineering Year-in-School International Major Student (Y/N)Joe Middle Male Learning Civil First-year Y EasternSammy Middle Male Cognitive
. Barlow, D. Kogan, B. D. Veazey, and J. K. Sweeney, “Encouraging minority undergraduates to choose science careers: Career paths survey results,” CBE Life Sci. Educ., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 394–409, Dec. 2008, doi: 10.1187/cbe.08-04-0018.[4] K. Kricorian, M. Seu, D. Lopez, E. Ureta, and O. Equils, “Factors influencing participation of underrepresented students in STEM fields: matched mentors and mindsets,” Int. J. STEM Educ., vol. 7, no. 1, p. 16, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1186/s40594-020-00219-2.[5] T. Chavous, S. Leath, and R. Gámez, “Climate, Mentoring, and Persistence Among Underrepresented STEM Doctoral Students,” High. Educ. Today, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://www.higheredtoday.org/2018/06/25/climate-mentoring-persistence
Handbook: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics n.d. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/biomedical- engineers.htm#:~:text=Employment%20of%20bioengineers%20and%20biomedical,on%2 0average%2C%20over%20the%20decade. (accessed March 11, 2022).[5] Li J, Yu X, Martinez EE, Zhu J, Wang T, Shi S, et al. Emerging Biopolymer-Based Bioadhesives. Macromol Biosci 2022;22:e2100340. https://doi.org/10.1002/mabi.202100340.[6] Zhu W, Chuah YJ, Wang D-A. Bioadhesives for internal medical applications: A review. Acta Biomater 2018;74:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.034.[7] Mehdizadeh M, Yang J. Design strategies and applications of tissue bioadhesives. Macromol Biosci 2013;13:271–88. https
(2)where V is the potential difference across the resistor, I represents the applied current through theresistor, and R is the resistance of the resistor. Students were provided with device that includedthe ADALM 1000, breadboard, Alice software, resistor ratings of 300, 470, 680, and 120 W, aswell as connecting wires. The procedure was demonstrated by the instructor, and the studentsfollowed suit. Prior to the class, Alice software was installed on all of the computers. Differentresistor ratings were placed on the breadboard, and the ADALM 1000's channel A (CHA) andground (GND) were connected to both ends of the resistor using the breadboard and jumper wiresprovided. The ADALM 1000 device was connected to the computer via a USB cable. This
South AsiaData CollectionData was collected via semi-structured, one-to-one interviews in the middle of October 2022.The interview protocol was developed to guide participant to reflect on their team experienceschronologically and capture their reactions to the team interaction and dynamics. We focused onsoliciting significant milestones and key events from the participants and attempting tounderstand the roles of everyone in the team and how the person(s) influenced the dynamics.Therefore, we drafted the protocol based on the framework of Tuckman’s team developmentalsequence model [11-12] discussed in the literature review section above. Our research teamcarefully examined and revised the interview protocol to ensure the quality, relevance
andassessments.References[1] J. L. Segil, J. F. Sullivan, B. A. Myers, D. T. Reamon, and M. H. Forbes, “Analysis of multi-modal spatial visualization workshop intervention across gender, nationality, and other engineering student demographics,” in 2016 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), Erie, PA, USA: IEEE, Oct. 2016, pp. 1–5. doi: 10.1109/FIE.2016.7757525.[2] S. A. Sorby, “Developing 3D spatial skills for engineering students,” Australas. J. Eng. Educ., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–11, Jan. 2007, doi: 10.1080/22054952.2007.11463998.[3] R. Gorska, S. A. Sorby, and C. Leopold, “Gender differences in visualization skills - An international perspective,” Eng. Des. Graph. J., vol. 62, no. 3, 1998.[4] R. Wodak and M. Meyer
individual interview transcripts that occurred following the Qsortactivity, and individual interview transcripts (when applicable) that occurred as part of the annualresearch data collection for the NSF program. Participants from this study participate as S-STEMscholars in a collaborative National Science Foundation (NSF) grant serving students from twofour-year institutions in the same state. One institution (Institution A) is described on theCarnegie classification structure as a “Four-Year, Full-Time, Selective, Lower Transfer-In”institution. The institution is predominantly male (more than 70% male) and white, though itsinstitutional enrollment of Hispanics reach approximately 30%. The enrollment diversity of thecomputer science department is
of Jean’s experiences with the findings ofO'Shea and Stone [16], involving women returning to education, as was the case of Jean.References[1] Carrigan, C., Hauser, J., Riskin, E. A., Mody-Pan, P., Borgford-Parnell, J., Wiggin, D., Winter, S., Pinkham, S, & Cunningham, S. (2019). Active agents and fictive kin: Learning from Pell-eligible engineering students' class standpoint. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 25(2).[2] Ceglie, R. (2011). Underrepresentation of women of color in the science pipeline: The construction of science identities. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 17(3).[3] Neumann, M. D., Lathem, S. A., & Fitzgerald-Riker, M. (2016). Resisting
://www.acenet.edu/Documents/Mapping- Internationalizationon-US-Campuses-2012-full.pdf.[3] Open Doors Report, “Number of International Students in the United States Hits All-Time High,” 2019. https://www.iie.org/en/Why-IIE/Announcements/2019/11/Number-of- International-Students-in-the-United-States-Hits-All-Time-High (accessed Dec. 09, 2020).[4] S. B. Twombly, M. H. Salisbury, S. D. Tumanut, and P. Klute, “Special Issue:Study Abroad in a New Global Century: Renewing the Promise, Refining the Purpose,” ASHE Higher Education Report, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 1–152, 2012, doi: 10.1002/aehe.20004.[5] K. W. Dean and M. B. Jendzurski, “Using Post-Study-Abroad Experiences to Enhance International Study,” Honors in Practice, vol. 9, pp. 99–111, Jan
edu-cational setting. Future work will examine if the online offering of EGGN 100 impacted theretention of students.AcknowledgmentsThe author(s) acknowledge that the research work presented in this manuscript is based upon thestudent participants who were enrolled with the National Science Foundation-funded grant,“Building Capacity: Advancing Student Success in Undergraduate Engineering and ComputerScience” under NSF grant number: 1832536.” The contribution of Co-author Sudarshan Kurwad-kar is directly supported through this grant. References1. Mills, J. E, Treagust, D. F. (2003). Engineering Education – Is Problem-based or Project-based Learning the Answer. Australian Journal of Engineering Education http
minority groups may experienceadditional challenges while pursuing STEM degrees and careers [30]. Future research by thisteam will focus on further demographic assessment of the responses. The process will include(1) a similar survey with recruitment specifically targeted at underrepresented women in STEMto identify any additional challenges they may face, and (2) further data analysis of the existingdata set to assess differences between women in academia vs. non-academic jobs. Finally, sincethis survey was completed pre-COVID future assessment will be conducted to determine thechange in women’s challenges/needs during and post-pandemic.References[1] S. Fayer, A. Lacey, and A. Watson, “STEM Occupations: Past, Present, And Future,” p. 35.[2] Y
1.16languageI participate in cultural events within my tribal community when 3.77 1.06 3.80 0.97possibleI know some of my tribe’s history 3.94 0.94 4.00 0.85I can identify important leaders for my tribe 3.76 1.07 3.67 1.09I can identify important social, health, political, or economic issues 3.78 1.07 3.76 1.07for my tribeI believe it is important to maintain and/or revitalize our Indigenous 3.80 1.14 3.78 1.15language(s