Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Research Technical Session 7

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip M. Reeves, The Pennsylvania State University; Sarah E. Zappe, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Elizabeth C. Kisenwether, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; D. Jake Follmer, The Pennsylvania State University; Jessica Menold, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

andintellectual independence and product creation, while females concentrated more on venturecreation, idea generation, and the ability to bring an idea to market. However, these results may Page 24.301.12be influenced by the difference in gender enrollment in various majors with fewer femalesmajoring in engineering, which may be more product-driven than other majors (Table 6). Engineering students also included ‘other skills’ in their definitions at higher rates thanstudents in other majors. Engineering students frequently referred specifically to business skills,which may highlight the skills that they believe entrepreneurial minded engineers

Conference Session

Summer and Cohort Programs for Minorities: Student Success

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Cooley Jones, Louisiana State University; Kelly A. Rusch P.E., North Dakota State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Page 24.1063.12participated in this workshop as engaged members and professionals who could speak onleadership philosophy and professional goals. This included a lunch time presentation. To develop the globally minded engineer, the seminar “The Places You Can GEAUX” was added tointroduce various opportunities to study abroad for a semester or summer and to get involvedwith Engineers Without Borders.The spring 2011 seminar series started with the return of the “book club” seminar, and it featuredthe book Linchpin: Are you Indispensable by Seth Godin The book club used the book as awinter reading assignment, and the scholars meet at the beginning of the semester discuss andpresent their impressions of the book and evolving culture of work.. The

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Dringenberg, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Mel Chua, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #8774What Can Reflections From an ”Innovation in Engineering Education” Work-shop Teach New Faculty?Emily Dringenberg, Purdue University, West Lafayette Emily Dringenberg is an NSF-funded PhD student in Engineering Education at Purdue University with a background in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. Her interests include qualitatively exploring the experience of engineering students, impacts of personal epistemology, and curriculum and pedagogical design. She also enjoys engaging with engineering outreach.Mel Chua, Purdue University Mel Chua is a contagiously enthusiastic hacker, writer, and educator with over

Conference Session

Beyond Students: Issues of Underrepresentation among Parents and Professionals

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carlotta A. Berry, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Monica Farmer Cox, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Joyce B. Main, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

group. In this way, key stakeholders at institutionshousing minority faculty may reevaluate and ultimately enhance the climate and theenvironments for African American female faculty. It is hypothesized that by knowing moreabout the demographics along with current trends, it will be possible to recruit and to retainAfrican American women in the engineering professoriate. With this in mind, the main questionaddressed in this paper is, “What can we learn from data about African American female facultywithin U.S. accredited engineering programs, and how might these data provide a foundation forthe development of new initiatives promoting the experiences of African American femalefaculty in engineering?”Literature ReviewThis section will present a

Conference Session

Enhancing the Underrepresented Student Experience

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fernando Garcia Gonzalez, Florida Gulf Coast University; Gerardo Javier Pinzon PE, Texas A&M International University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

coursesinto their Bachelor’s degree program. Page 24.108.4The workshops are to keep the motivation of the transferring students high so they do not changetheir minds before entering our program and to facilitate this transfer by familiarizing them toour faculty, facilities and program.2. The Articulation Agreement with Laredo Community CollegeThis articulation agreement which is not yet complete, will allow the engineering students fromLCC to transfer into our Systems Engineering Program without losing any credits. The benefit ofthis program to TAMIU is to increase the number of students transferring from LCC to TAMIUas opposed to other universities

Conference Session

Enhancing the Underrepresented Student Experience

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Michelle Mazak, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Cristopher B. Font-Santiago; Aidsa I. Santiago-Román, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Effects of Language on CATS PerformanceAbstractThe University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez (UPRM) is an officially bilingual university whereengineering classes may be taught in Spanish, English, or a combination of both languages.Spanish is the home language of 91% of undergraduates at UPRM. Because of low performanceon the Concept Assessment Tool for Statics (CATS) (around 29% compared to the results ofother institutions, which ranged from 30-70%), a Spanish version of CATS (CATS-S) wasdeveloped. Ten Hispanic senior civil engineering students were recruited and divided into twogroups, control and experimental. The control group was assigned the original CATS version

Conference Session

Enhancing the Underrepresented Student Experience

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Kevin C. Bower PE, The Citadel; Ronald W. Welch, The Citadel; Elizabeth Connor, The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Connor, MLS, DM/AHIP is Professor of Library Science and STEM Liaison at the Daniel Library of The Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina in Charleston. Research interests relate to how scientists develop habits of mind and how case studies can be used to engage and sustain learning. Page 24.530.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Enhancing Undergraduate Civil Engineering Opportunities for Minority, Female, and Socioeconomically Disadvantaged StudentsAbstractA student scholarship and enrichment program was established to help address pervasiveproblems of

Conference Session

Engaging Minority Pre-College and Transfer Students in Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Quincy Brown, Bowie State University; Jamika D. Burge, Information Systems Worldwide

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

research she seeks to identify methods of facilitating human interaction with advanced technologies, including mobile devices, to support learning. Specifically, her ongoing projects examine the design of intelligent tutoring systems, delivered on mobile devices, to support middle school mathematics learning and exploring the design and usability aspects of mobile device use by children.Dr. JAMIKA D BURGE, Information Systems Worldwide Jamika Burge is a Senior Scientist at Information Systems Worldwide (i SW), a technology, engineering, and research company providing high-end advanced technical, integration, engineering and analysis so- lutions to the US Government and other customers. From 2007-2009, she was a

Conference Session

Classroom Management

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward F. Gehringer, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #9816Optimizing your teaching loadDr. Edward F. Gehringer, North Carolina State University Dr. Gehringer is an associate professor in the Departments of Computer Science, and Electrical & Computer Engineering. His research interests include computerized assessment systems, and the use of natural-language processing to improve the quality of reviewing. He teaches courses in the area of programming, computer architecture, object-oriented design, and ethics in computing. Page 24.961.1

Conference Session

WIED: Strategies Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerry Meyers, Youngstown State University; Leo H. McWilliams, University of Notre Dame; Catherine F. Pieronek, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Paper ID #9215How Students’ Informal Experiences Shape their Views of Engineering andAffect their Plans for Professional PersistenceDr. Kerry Meyers, Youngstown State University Dr. Kerry Meyers is in her second year as the Director of the STEM College’s First-Year Engineering Program at Youngstown State University. Her career is focused on the development of common, project based First-Year Engineering experiences, beginning at the University of Notre Dame where she was also the Director of the First-Year Engineering Program from 2005-2012. Further, her research interests relate to Engineering Educational issues in the

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ang Liu, University of Southern California; Stephen Y. Lu, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #9697Reinforcing a ”Design Thinking” Course by Restructuring Student-InstructorInteractionsDr. Ang Liu Dr. Liu is a Postdoctoral Teaching Fellow and Manager of Viterbi iPodia Program at University of South- ern California.Dr. Stephen Y. Lu, University of Southern California Dr. Lu is the David Packard Chair in Manufacturing Engineering, Professor of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, and Industrial and Systems Engineering, and Director of Viterbi iPodia Program, at University of Southern California

Conference Session

Critical Thinking, Leadership, and Creativity

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Justin L. Hess, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Johannes Strobel, Texas A&M University; Rui Pan, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carrie A. Wachter Morris, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

private foundations fund his research. His research and teaching focuses on engineering as an innovation in P-12 education, policy of P-12 engineering, how to support teachers and students’ academic achievements through engineering, the measurement and support of the change of ’engineering habits of mind’ particularly empathy and the use of cyber-infrastructure to sensitively and resourcefully provide access to and support learning.Dr. Rui Pan, Purdue University, West Lafayette Dr. Pan earned her B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Hefei University of Technology and received both her M.S. in Statistics and Ph.D in Engineering Education from Purdue University.Dr. Carrie A. Wachter Morris, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Conference Session

WIED: Pre-College Student Experiences

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jane Andrews, Aston University; Robin Clark P.E., Aston University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Paper ID #9208What do schoolgirls think of engineering? A critique of conversations from aparticipatory research approachDr. Jane Andrews, Aston University Dr Jane Andrews is Programme Director of a suite of Engineering Management Master’s Programmes at the School of Engineering & Applied Science, Aston University, UK. Her research interests include all aspects of engineering education with a particular focus on elementary level engineering education and gender issues within engineering.Dr. Robin Clark, Aston University

Conference Session

Classroom Management

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ralph Ocon, Purdue University Calumet

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #9004Be the Leader of Your Class: Applying Leadership Behaviors to Manage Stu-dent Conduct and PerformanceProf. Ralph Ocon, Purdue University Calumet Page 24.223.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Be the Leader of Your Class: Applying Leadership Behaviors to Manage Student Conduct and PerformanceAbstractUniversity faculty, especially those who are just beginning their careers, are confrontedwith many professional challenges. The criteria required for promotion, includingscholarly activities

Conference Session

Spatial Ability & Visualization Training II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chen Guo, Purdue University; Yingjie Victor Chen, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Craig L. Miller, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Nathan W. Hartman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Amy B. Mueller, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Patrick E. Connolly, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

assistant professor in the department of computer graphics technology of Pur- due university. He received his Ph.D. degree in the areas of human-computer interaction, information visualization, and visual analytics from the School of Interactive Arts and Technology at Simon Fraser University (SFU) in Canada. He earned Bachelor degree of Engineering from the Tsinghua University (China), and a Master of Science degree in Information Technology from SFU. His research covers inter- disciplinary domains of Information Visualization, Visual Analytics, Digital Media, and Human Computer Interaction. He seeks to design, model, and construct new forms of interaction in visualization and system design, by which the system can

Conference Session

Preparing Minority Students for Undergraduate and Graduate Research

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mahmoud T. Khasawneh, Texas A&M International University; Rafic Bachnak, Penn State Harrisburg; Rohitha Goonatilake, Texas A&M International University ; Runchang Lin, Texas A&M International University; Pablo Biswas, Texas A&M International University; Sofía Carolina Maldonado, Texas A&M International University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Paper ID #9486Promoting STEM Education and Careers among Hispanics and Other Mi-norities through Programs, Enrichment, and other ActivitiesDr. Mahmoud T. Khasawneh, Texas A&M International University I currently work as an Assistant Professor of Systems Engineering at Texas A&M International Univer- sity. I got my Ph.D. in Engineering Management in the Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering at Old Dominion University in August, 2012. I received an M.E. degree in Systems Engineering from the same department in May, 2009. I received a B.S. degree in Management Infor- mation Systems (MIS) from

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Opening General Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Freddy Solis, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Joseph V. Sinfield, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Paper ID #9284Rethinking Innovation: Characterizing Dimensions of ImpactFreddy Solis, Purdue University, West Lafayette Freddy Solis is a doctoral candidate in the School of Civil Engineering at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. He holds a civil engineering degree from the Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Mexico, and M.Sc. in civil engineering and MBA degrees from Purdue University. His research focuses on innovation, design, entrepreneurship, and engineering education.Prof. Joseph V. Sinfield, Purdue University Joseph V. Sinfield received a B.S. degree in civil engineering, summa cum laude, from Bucknell Uni

Conference Session

Focus on African-American and Hispanic Engineering Students’ Professional and Academic Development

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Olgha Bassam Qaqish, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Paper ID #9294Toward a Conceptual Model: African-American Male Students’ Motivation,Persistence and Success in Community CollegesMrs. Olgha B Davis, North Carolina State University Olgha B Davis is currently a doctoral student at the Department of Leadership, Policy and Adult and Higher Education at North Carolina State University. She obtained a Bachelor’s degree in Biomedical Engineering from Boston University in 1998. She worked in the software industry for 7 years, focusing on modeling and simulating automotive, aerospace and biological systems. She returned to graduate school and earned her Master’s degree in

Conference Session

Enhancing the Underrepresented Student Experience

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kari L. Jordan, Ohio State University; Sheryl A. Sorby, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Paper ID #9514Intervention to Improve Self-Efficacy and Sense of Belonging of First-YearUnderrepresented Engineering StudentsDr. Kari L. Jordan, The Ohio State University Dr. Kari L. Jordan earned Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Michigan Technological University in 2006 and 2008 respectively. During her undergraduate tenure she was an active member of the National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE) and served on the Board of Directors. She was also the President of the ASEE student chapter at Michigan Tech. She was the recipient of a King-Chavez-Parks graduate fellowship and GEM Fellowship

Conference Session

WIED: Faculty and Gender Issues

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenna P. Carpenter, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Paper ID #8553Creating a Sustainable Model for an NSF ADVANCE ProjectDr. Jenna P. Carpenter, Louisiana Tech University Associate Dean, Undergraduate Studies, Wayne and Juanita Spinks Professor, Director of the Office for Women in Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Science, Louisiana Tech University Page 24.329.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014Creating a Sustainable Model for an NSF ADVANCE ProjectFive years ago, Louisiana Tech University’s ADVANCE project began

Conference Session

WIED: Strategies Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelsey Morgan Irvin, Washington University in St. Louis; Elizabeth Hiteshue, University of Pennsylvania; Mary Yvonne Lanzerotti, Air Force Institute of Technology; Sheldon Hochheiser, IEEE History Center; Michael Geselowitz, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Paper ID #8538Oral Histories of Distinguished Female Leaders: Inspiring the Next Genera-tion of Young People in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics(STEM)Ms. Kelsey Morgan Irvin Kelsey Irvin is currently an undergraduate sophomore at Washington University in St. Louis. She is ma- joring in the Cognitive Neuroscience Track of Philosophy-Neuroscience-Psychology and hopes to pursue a career in social work or a related psychological field. She is currently working in a Cognition and Development Lab at Washington University in St. Louis studying child preferences.Ms. Elizabeth Hiteshue, University of Pennsylvania

Conference Session

The Nature of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Session 4

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emil H. Salib, James Madison University; Eric Vincent Walisko, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Quantitative Assessment of All-Class Project-based Undergraduate Course on Graduates Career Dr. Emil H Salib, Eric Walisko Integrated Science & Technology Department, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA salibeh@jmu.edu, waliskev@dukes.jmu.eduAbstractThe process of creating innovative technology applications is shifting to smaller developmentteams of entrepreneurial minded individuals who use a dynamic landscape of tools and muchcreativity. This new work environment calls for novel methods to best prepare its work force. Inthis paper we describe an All-Class Project-based

Conference Session

Construction Education Topics in Architectural Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura Elizabeth Leach, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

and construction industry. Page 24.272.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Changing the Course Design to Include Habitat for Humanity Improved Course Outcomes and Broadened Student’s Perceptions of Community ServiceIntroductionArchitectural education often includes course(s) pertaining to the creation of architecturalworking drawings. Working drawings require the individual creating them to have knowledge ofprinciples, conventions, standards, applications, and restrictions pertaining the manufacture anduse of construction materials, components

Conference Session

Architectural Design Topics in Architectural Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shahnaz J. Aly, Western Kentucky University; Heli Shah, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

, construction documentation, historic preservation and service-learning.Ms. Heli Shah Page 24.825.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Investigation of Digital Three-Dimensional Representation: Results of a Faculty-Undergraduate Student Engagement GrantIntroductionThe language of architecture is expressed in the drawings that are used to conceptualizestructures. For students as well as professionals, design language alternates between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) representations. Three-dimensional graphics is themedium most suited for use by clients while

Conference Session

WIED: Medley

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jane L. Lehr, California Polytechnic State University; Helene Finger P.E., California Polytechnic State University; Alana Christine Snelling

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Paper ID #10322When, Why, How, Who – Recruitment Lessons from First Year EngineeringStudents in the Millennial GenerationDr. Jane L. Lehr, California Polytechnic State University Jane Lehr is Associate Professor in Ethnic Studies and Women’s & Gender Studies at California Polytech- nic State University. She is also Faculty Director of the Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) in STEM Program at Cal Poly and Co-Director of the Liberal Arts and Engineering Studies Program. She previously served as elected co-chair of the Science & Technology Taskforce of the Na- tional Women’s Studies Association

Conference Session

Diversity Redefined: Nontraditional Views in Traditional Environments

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chrissy Hobson Foster, Arizona State University; Shawn S. Jordan, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Paper ID #9857A Philosophy of Learning Engineering and a Native American Philosophy ofLearning; An Analysis for CongruencyMs. Christina Hobson Foster, Arizona State UniversityDr. Shawn S Jordan, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus Shawn Jordan, Ph.D.is an Assistant Professor in theDepartment of Engineering atArizona State Univer- sity. He is the PI on three NSF-funded projects: CAREER: Engineering Design Across Navajo Culture, Community, and Society (EEC 1351728), Might Young Makers be the Engineers of the Future?(EEC 1329321), and Broadening the Reach of Engineering through Community Engagement (BRECE)(DUE 1259356

Conference Session

Methodological & Theoretical Contributions to Engineering Education 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Stafford Sands II, Virginia Tech; Denise Rutledge Simmons, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Paper ID #9827Utilizing Think-Aloud Protocols to Assess the Usability of a Test for EthicalSensitivity in ConstructionMr. Kenneth Stafford Sands II, Virginia Tech Kenneth S. Sands II is a doctoral candidate and graduate assistant in Environmental Design and Planning at Virginia Tech. His research focus is on professional ethics and its pedagogy.Dr. Denise Rutledge Simmons, Virginia Tech Denise R. Simmons, Ph.D., is an assistant professor in the Myers-Lawson School of Construction & Civil and Environmental Engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. She holds a B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in civil

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Ekwaro-Osire, Texas Tech University; Fisseha Meresa Alemayehu, Texas Tech University; Haileyesus Belay Endeshaw, Texas Tech University; Ricardo Cruz Lozano, Texas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Page 24.468.21. Introduction1.1. BackgroundTeaching and learning engineering design is rather unique since the necessary skills are difficultto attain directly from conventional teaching-learning processes. Unlike other engineeringcourses, which mostly require science and mathematics to solve mainly close-ended problems,engineering design demands additional skills of solving open-ended problems, decision makingand effective communication in design teams. Designers are expected to be team players to solveengineering problems in an iterative manner while always keeping in mind the main designobjective and the concept of uncertainty. Dym1 indicated that one of the attributes that designersexhibit in their design thinking is the ability to assume

Conference Session

The Philosophy of Engineering and Technological Literacy

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Heywood, Trinity College Dublin

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

Paper ID #8687Defining engineering and technological literacies within the framework of lib-eral education: implications for the curriculumDr. John Heywood, Trinity College Dublin John Heywood MA MSc LittD (Dublin) M.Litt (Lanacaster). Professorial Fellow Emeritus of Trinity College – The University of Dublin and formerly Professor and Director of Teacher Education in the University (1977 – 1996). In addition to a higher doctorate he is the holder of a Masters degree in engineering education (MSc). He is a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, a Fellow of the American Society for Engineering Educa- tion, a Senior

Conference Session

Methodological & Theoretical Contributions to Engineering Education 3

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Micah Lande, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Shawn S. Jordan, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

phenomenon to describe the tinkering, hacking, re-making, andcreating of technical artifacts, often done without prior expertise. Making comes from animaginative, creative mind-space, done outside the confines of established engineering educationcurricular activities. Making has a do-it-yourself ethos and is historically rooted in efforts likePopular Mechanics magazine who demystified everyday stuff for hobbyists and the Whole Earth Page 24.903.2Catalog: Access to Tools1 who surveyed everyday tools for the counterculture movement of the1960s. Additional real-world touchstones are the growth of Radio Shack stores and the 1980stelevision program