Asee peer logo
Displaying results 2581 - 2610 of 22826 in total
Conference Session
Civil Engineering Division Poster Session
Collection
2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Douglas G Schmucker, University of Utah; Steven J. Burian, University of Utah
Tagged Divisions
Civil Engineering
reflect the organizedtime made available for group work. A fourth course, MG EN 1050 Technical Communicationsis not included here as it solely addresses the technical skill of using a computer drawing tool(CAD) and does not address the broader issues that are encompassed in the professional “spine.”In essence, these three courses create a “vertical” professional spine through the curriculum.Specifically, three courses were designated as the vehicle for delivering and assessing learningexperiences for most of the professional skill sets identified in the BOK. Table 1 identifies therelated BOK outcomes for each course and the desired level of achievement using Bloom’sTaxonomy of Educational Objectives4 as a basis for performance. The sequence was
Conference Session
Building Pathways that Promote Pursuit/Persistence in Engineering
Collection
2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Corey E. Baker, University of Florida, Gainesville; Justin Dunnavant, University of Florida, Gainesville; Janise McNair, University of Florida
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Minorities in Engineering
, he concluded that “racially/culturally diversified campus environmentsdo more than appear or ‘sound’ good, they promote cognitive growth and complexthinking.” 13Diversity is equally as significant in the industrial sector as well. As tech companies continue toengage in relationships with more diverse clients and partners, cultural sensitivity and culturalcompetency become increasingly important. Additionally, it is important to ensure thatupper-level managerial positions reflect the diversity that companies hope to achieve. In one casestudy, an unnamed SV company sought to employ a URM woman in their CFO positionspecifically to foster relationships with clients and partners from diverse background and to serveas a role model for women in the
Conference Session
Innovations in Communications and Wireless Systems Education
Collection
2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Steven S. Holland, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Robert A. Strangeway, Milwaukee School of Engineering
Tagged Divisions
Electrical and Computer
progressing through static fields,dynamic fields, transmission lines, plane waves, links, and electromagnetic interferenceprinciples. The integral forms of the fundamental electromagnetic relations are emphasized inthese required courses. As a result, this antennas elective must incorporate pedagogically-selected background material such as differential operators and the differential forms ofMaxwell’s equations, skin depth, and reflection and transmission of plane waves at materialinterfaces. The course builds a solid foundation in antenna principles that serves studentscontinuing into advanced studies in graduate school as well as those entering industry aftergraduation. This foundation is accomplished by strategically selecting and modulating the
Conference Session
New Engineering Educators Division Technical Session 2
Collection
2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Monika Rummler, Technische Universität Berlin; Petra Nikol, Technische Universität Berlin
Tagged Divisions
New Engineering Educators
Delphi survey of German-speaking experts on teaching in higher education, ademand-oriented, sustainable model of didactical competences for teaching in highereducation has been developed. For teaching, the following ranking of the 10 most importantcompetences has been compiled: knowledge of (didactic) methods, professional knowledge,supporting independence, self reflection, enthusiasm, competence orientation,communication skills, participant orientation, concept competence, use of methods andchange of perspectives. The model also describes competences for processing examinationsand academic self-administration.4Program and MethodsThe competence development of teaching staff at TU Berlin starts with a curriculum for thequalification of academic
Conference Session
Environmental Engineering Division: Engagement, Experiential Learning, and Balance
Collection
2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Stephanie Luster-Teasley, North Carolina A&T State University; Sirena C. Hargrove-Leak, Elon University; Willietta Gibson
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Environmental Engineering
styles of active/reflective, sensing/intuitive, visual/verbal andsequential/global before instruction of the case study. The results confirm that the majority of thestudents were active, sensing, visual and sequential learners. These characteristics are ideal forthe use of cases and hands-on interactive instruction. Overall, the students found the use of casesmore engaging and the cases elevated their interest in laboratory discussions and course content.External evaluation of the student reports suggest that the use of cases did not significantlyimprove the quality of the student laboratory reports, however, student interpretation andanalysis of data slightly improved.     Purpose of Study Laboratory courses
Conference Session
Concurrent Paper Tracks Session II Outreach
Collection
2016 ASEE International Forum
Authors
Paul John Ackerman Jr P.E., Virginia Military Institute; Tim Moore P.E., Virginia Military Institute; Tyler Adam Brickles
Tagged Topics
International Forum
assessment model that can quantify the student learning outcomes ofmultiple faculty and department service initiatives. Currently, learning outcomes are assessedqualitatively through reading journals, blogs, and reflective essays that students are required tosubmit. Measuring the outcomes for creating successful partnerships with academia,communities, and non-government organizations is simply a quantitative measurement based onthe number of project proposals and partnerships seriously evaluated compared to the number ofproposals that resulted in a successfully completed project by the program. The overall objectiveof this paper is to share the experiences of developing a student service program in the hope thatsuch information will assist schools
Conference Session
Environmental Engineering Division: Curricula, Criteria, Student Performance, and Growth
Collection
2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Michelle Marincel Payne, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Wayne T. Padgett, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Andrew R. Mech, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology
Tagged Divisions
Environmental Engineering
electrical engineering. In addition, eachfaculty member had some limited amount of experience overseas. The consulting engineer hadextensive experience with EWB teams and in developing engineering solutions worldwide.The concept of “Do No Harm” was woven throughout the course by exposing students tointernational case studies. One class per week was dedicated to considering success ofhumanitarian engineering projects and the unfortunate frequency of failed – though well-intended – projects. Assignments forced the students to reflect upon positives and negatives andincorporate the best in their plans. Additionally, the students were challenged to develop a designand prototype to transport water from a creek on campus considering appropriateness
Conference Session
Assessing, Expanding, and Innovating Information Literacy
Collection
2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
S. Norma Godavari, University of Manitoba; Anne E. Parker, University of Manitoba
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Libraries
“global quality assurance process for STEMeducation programs through numerous agreements with organizations worldwide“ [2] . Ofcourse, this includes ABET Criterion 3i: Student Outcomes; “a recognition of the need for, andan ability to engage in life-long learning”, which, in Canada, becomes Graduate Attribute,Criterion 12, Lifelong Learning. The ABET Student Outcomes a-k reflect essentially the 12CEAB Graduate Outcomes 1-12. The purpose of this paper is to present one way that we use to assess how our studentsaddress their information needs for an assignment: a Report for our Engineering Communicationcourse. The assessment form, the Search Strategy Page (see Appendix A), is given to all studentsin the undergraduate Engineering
Conference Session
Emerging Issues in Engineering Education Research and Pedagogy
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Joachim Walther, University of Queensland; David Radcliffe
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods
semester longself-recording followed similar trigger statements. They recorded and reflected on criticallearning events during their time in industry and related these back to their prior learning atuniversity. The self-recording consisted of a weekly submission of one complete account of acritical incident each week for twelve weeks.3.2 Data AnalysisThe focus transcripts were analyzed using the qualitative data analysis tool NVivo7.40-42 The textwas coded on two levels of increasingly abstract interpretation from what Geertz22 calls“experience-near” to “experience-distant concepts”.As illustrated in Figure 1, the level of topic coding included clusters of educational influencesand work situations (for clarity the names of the coding clusters and
Conference Session
Introducing Active Learning into ME Courses
Collection
2006 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Ali Al-Bahi, King Abdulaziz University
Tagged Divisions
Mechanical Engineering
processing.Several questions are related to a balanced grading system for team work and individualcontributions, in addition to a balanced load distribution inside the team. The use of openended and real life problems are encouraged such that the students realize differentknowledge levels and aspects inside the team. The importance of the students' reflection ontheir learning experience, confidence level evaluation, and positive feedback on classactivities are also addressed. The use of instructor expectations and assignment checklists,which map into course learning objectives and outcomes, are encouraged as assessment tools.Portfolios, journals, student surveys and questionnaires are also encouraged to ensuretriangulation for the assessment of course
Conference Session
Innovative Classroom Techniques
Collection
2006 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
William Lee, University of South Florida; Mernet Larson, University of South Florida; Jack Heller, University of South Florida; Douglas Lunsford, University of South Florida
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods
visual and performing artsAbstractEngineering educations routinely use a variety of means to assist in the education process,including all forms of media (books, visual aids, virtual sources, etc.). The incorporation of “realworld” materials and experiences is disappearing. Students actually see the hardware aspects oftheir subject less and less, including (small scale) individual components and (large scale)industrial processes. While this may reflect economic and convenience realities, there is apotential conceptual error being made by instructors (and subsequently adopted by students) thatstudying models, diagrams, illustrations, etc. of engineering objects or processes of interest isequivalent to (and perhaps even superior to) including the
Conference Session
Knowing Our Students II
Collection
2006 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jennifer Turns, University of Washington; Steve Lappenbusch, University of Washington
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods
subset of a larger study employing multipledata collection techniques including written reflections, audio-taped interviews, paper-and-pencilconcept mapping, written surveys, and video-taped think-aloud protocols. For this paper, we useonly the data provided in the weekly written process reflections completed by students. As aresult, the data pertinent to this paper and analysis consist of 60 written weekly processreflections from the six student participants in the two course sections. In each weekly processreflection students responded to the following three questions: 1) how would you describe whatyou have been doing over the past week? 2) what challenges have you encountered?, and 3) whatare you taking away? Though these questions do imply
Conference Session
Design Methodology and Evaluation 2
Collection
2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Alan Chong, University of Toronto; Jason A. Foster, University of Toronto; Patricia Kristine Sheridan, University of Toronto; Robert Irish, University of Toronto
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education
engineering design course that is intended to deepen and enrich students’understanding of these terms by asking them to categorize various artifacts as works ofengineering design. Starting with a simple binary question - yes or no - they move to a planarassessment - and finally to a comparative exercise as complications are introduced into theartifact set. Analyzing their pre and post-activity definitions and student reflections on theactivity allows us to explore the impact of the exercise on the students’ understanding of andengagement with the concept of “engineering design.”1. Background and IntroductionFreshman engineering students often begin their studies with limited, imprecise, and minimallyinformed conceptions of engineering, design, and
Conference Session
Innovations in First Year Programs
Collection
2010 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
James Lewis, University of Louisville; Jeffrey Hieb, University of Louisville; David Wheatley, University of Louisville
Tagged Divisions
First-Year Programs
, analyzes, and reflects on intellectual work. These eight elements leadto eight categories of questions present in critical thinking: (1) what is the purpose, (2) what isthe question that is being answered, (3) what is the point of view, (4) what are the assumptions,(5) what are the implications, (6) what information is needed, (7) what inferences are being Page 15.798.3made, and (8) what is the most fundamental concept? The intellectual standards describe thecriteria used to evaluate the quality of the critical thinking and the intellectual traits are thecharacteristics associated with a mature critical thinker. For more information on the Paul
Conference Session
Principles of K-12 Engineering Education and Practice
Collection
2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Michelle E. Jordan , Arizona State University
Tagged Divisions
K-12 & Pre-College Engineering
efforts, structuring student engagement through individual designjournals, product design worksheets, and individual reflection questions. She also instigatedclassroom talk structures to facilitate learning through peer interaction in small-group and whole-class settings. These included structures such as group wikis7; five-minutes “stop-and-talks”, and– most importantly for this paper – public design critique sessions in which each group presentedtheir progress and received feedback from their teacher and classmates.Design critique sessions, also called design briefs, are one avenue through which the broadersocial context can exert influence on group-work processes of young designers. Design critiquesessions provide opportunities for teams to
Conference Session
Preparing Future Educators
Collection
2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Mary Lynn Brannon, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
Tagged Divisions
Graduate Studies
required to manageprospective situations.”1 A GTA in this course will learn pedagogy and teaching skillsconcurrently. The course activities include peer observations, microteaching, observations bythe instructor which include a video capture of the student teaching, and reflective papers. Thestudent skills acquired are practice and feedback, reflecting on one’s own abilities andexperiences, course design (writing learning objectives, selecting appropriate methods andassessments, grading), and communicating with students. Research on the effectiveness ofvideo feedback as a training component indicates that it is effective in improving instructionalquality.2The learning experience for GTAs being trained to teach provides learning of the
Conference Session
BME Education
Collection
2004 Annual Conference
Authors
Paul King; Joan Walker
process andprofessional development. The method we used to answer these questions was conceptmapping. A concept map is a spatial representation of ideas and their relationships. Toidentify key concepts and processes associated with biodesign, we asked 15 experts toconstruct a map reflecting their definition of the biomedical engineering design process.Findings from this work were used to establish a biodesign taxonomy and benchmarks ofexpertise. Our taxonomy contained six broad categories: the design process, motivationfor the design, interpersonal skills, technical skills, societal concerns, and marketing. Wethen applied our benchmarks to the maps of 32 undergraduates enrolled in a two-semestersenior biodesign course. Students constructed maps
Conference Session
IE Accreditation and Program Issues
Collection
2004 Annual Conference
Authors
Veronica Dark; Mary Huba; Kevin Saunders; Frank Peters; Sarah Ryan; John Jackman; Sigurdur Olafsson
of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Education The modules will focus on helping students develop both their cognitive ability to structure schemas in industrial engineering knowledge domains and develop their metacognitive ability by reflecting on their solutions and justifying each action that is made.For each module students must independently define goals, formulate problems, and developsolution strategies while mastering the course material. This environment is thus a fundamentalshift from the existing emphasis on the traditional lecture format to active learning12,13. This isalso an ideal tool to encourage
Conference Session
ASEE Multimedia Session
Collection
2003 Annual Conference
Authors
Ron Earley; Dave Lennig; Dave Campbell; Suguna Bommaraju
variouscontexts and reflect on their actions throughout the project. 3-5At Miami University, the senior design project course is also used to establish bridges with localhigh schools by participating in FIRST robotics comeptition. Started in the year 2001, this coursehas been successful in collaborating with local high schools participating in the competition. TheFIRST robotics competition 6 engages university students in a challenging 'design-build-and test'project, while working side by side with industrial engineers and high school students. Throughthe competition, university students complete a demanding engineering project and motivate anew cadre of students to follow their career footsteps.After a brief description of FIRST competition, the paper
Conference Session
TAC/ABET-related Outcome-based Assessment Methods and Models
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Michael J. Dyrenfurth, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Kathryne Newton, Purdue University, West Lafayette
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
efficiencies in pursuing the differingaccreditation requirements. The purpose of this paper is to share how the use of sharedlearning outcomes and technology created some advantages for the accreditation process.Also discussed are the challenges and disadvantages of pursuing multiple accreditationprocesses.Purpose of the PaperThe purpose of this paper is to share the experiences of the faculty as they evolved amore efficient way of collecting quality information, reflecting on it and subsequentlydocumenting it in the various self-studies and other evaluative systems required bythe various accreditation bodies. Additionally, the authors desire to: • Highlight the key lessons learned • Advance suggestions for others who seek accreditation
Conference Session
Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Case Studies in Design Education
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Hannah S. Stuart, University of California, Berkeley; Wilson Oswaldo Torres, University of California, Berkeley; Andrew I. W. McPherson, University of California, Berkeley
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)
conclusions or recommendations expressedin this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation orother funding sources.clinician with expert knowledge. But, what is the benefit received by the need-knower for sharingtheir expertise? While some students may produce a usable artifact and deliver it to theneed-knower, others may not. In some assistive device design classes, there may be noinstructional requirement for producing a working artifact delivered to the need-knower at the endof term at all – we call this an education-first approach. While some need-knowers may be awareof this potential outcome, others may be disappointed by the lack of follow-through.Unfortunately, in talking with
Conference Session
Graduate Studies Division (GSD) Technical Session 6: Programs in Graduate Education
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Bharani Nagarathnam, Texas A&M University; Bimal P. Nepal, Texas A&M University; Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University; Kourtney Rogers Gruner, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions
Graduate Studies Division (GSD)
Recitation sessions – Methodology November 5 Methodology Due 100 December 1, 2023 Mid-Term Project Reflection 25 December 1, 2023 TOTAL 500 TABLE 3 SPRING – CAPSTONE II Point Description Due Date s Recitation Session - Data Analysis / Solutions / December, January ROI
Conference Session
Innovating Inclusivity: Rethinking Access and Empowerment in STEM Education
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Hilda Cecilia Contreras Aguirre, New Mexico State University; Patricia Nicole Delgado, New Mexico State University; Luis Rodolfo Garcia Carrillo, New Mexico State University
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
in college and beyond. The EcologicalValidation Model of Student Success and its educational practices reflecting the social evolutionframed this study. Information was collected through surveys and interviews from three studentcohorts. The findings revealed how this culturally asset-based program reinforced the identity ofstudents as Hispanics by centering culture and community aspects that students were familiarwith, promoted teamwork with peers as a strategy to make learning better situated in theirinterest to support each other, and contributed to creating a research space where students feltintegrated, included, and valued considering who they were or represent. Programs that center onstudent asset-based features and pedagogical
Conference Session
Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 16
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Monica Lynn Miles, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Hasan Asif, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)
Paper ID #42409Exploring Variance in Undergraduate Research Participation: A Quantitativeand Qualitative Investigation among Students with Differing Levels of InvolvementDr. Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York Andrew Olewnik is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Education at the University at Buffalo. His research includes undergraduate engineering education with focus on engineering design, problem-based learning, co-curricular involvement and its impact on professional formation, and the role of reflection practices in supporting engineering undergraduates as they
Conference Session
Krusty's Creations: Robotics and Electronics in Springfield STEAM, Hey Hey!
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Justin Jin, TechnoWizards; Parker Olkowski; James Chengda Lu, BASIS Shavano; Vincent Liu, Brandeis High School; Ilias M Bakri; Aditya Rao; Yu-Fang Jin, The University of Texas, San Antonio; Isabel Xu
Tagged Divisions
Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)
, communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving within thecontext of robotic competitions.Furthermore, diverse themes in annual robotic competitions facilitate project-based learning(PBL) opportunities tailored to children of varying ages. PBL can serve as an effective vehicle tofacilitate student-driven knowledge acquisition, skill practice, and reflective inquiry. Thecombination of PBL and hands-on robotic competition empowers a promising direction that cango beyond traditional educational models, making STEM fields accessible and appealing to K-12students. It has been reported that students who gain technical skills in high school are betterprepared for both the job market and higher education opportunities [15-17]. Additionally, whenstudents
Conference Session
Women in Engineering Division (WIED) Technical Session 2 - Personal Situations
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kimberly Cook-Chennault, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Idalis Villanueva Alarcón, University of Florida
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Women in Engineering Division (WIED)
that these events are deeply embedded in the intersectionalidentities of the authors and these accounts may not necessarily translate to other individualsundergoing similar situations. Also, because these challenges are layered, complex, and situatedin the authors’ intersectional identities, the findings may include multiple systemic barriers thatare intertwined in the interpretation of the findings. The authors opted to maintain the complexityof the narration as it was deemed more authentic to their lived working and personal realities.Further, the multilayered complexity in the narrative demonstrates the levels of cognitive loadand role strain associated with each presented challenge, subsequent reflection/decision, andperceived outcome. The
Conference Session
Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL) Poster Session
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Afeefa Rahman, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Casey J Rodgers, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Jacob Henschen, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Tagged Divisions
Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)
, students design their egg protection device, convert the model to machinecode, print their structure and finally load test it. Reports are required at the end of each phase,and a summary presentation is made to the entire course at the end of the project. This projectaims to improve several student outcomes such as experimental design and analysis, research ofnew technology, and communication. Initial student reflections were collected at the end of theproject and are presented here. By intertwining contemporary technology with traditional coursestructures, we aim to reinforce the design thinking of students while providing hands-onexperience with an emergent technology.Keywords:Integrative design course, Additive manufacturing, 3D printing with
Conference Session
Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 26
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Hye Yeon Lee, Georgia Institute of Technology; Joseph M. LeDoux, Georgia Institute of Technology
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)
, 1971). By acquiring multiple sources of information about the sameevent occurring in a social setting, researchers can integrate and triangulate these data, enhancingthe analysis’ depth and accuracy. Therefore, in this research project, the researcher engaged inextensive first-hand observation in classroom settings throughout the semester, collectedstudents’ written responses reflecting their class, and conducted open-ended interviews designedto validate our findings with students’ perspectives. Second, investigations of instructors’ pedagogical practices in naturalistic settings, versusin a laboratory or through lab-based experiments, can yield different findings (Le Compte &Goetz, 1982). Indeed, identifying instructor’s
Conference Session
Multidisciplinary Poster Session
Collection
2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Don E. Malzahn, Wichita State University; Lawrence E. Whitman, Wichita State University; Zulma Toro-Ramos, Wichita State University
Tagged Divisions
Multidisciplinary Engineering
. Page 22.1723.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011! “The Engineer as Leader” Course Design and AssessmentAbstractA course was developed in response to the needs of industry and society at large. This course istargeted to those developing engineering skills who will, in the near term, assume leadershiproles. This course uses the constructivist pedagogical model and was designed with the goal offacilitating “significant learning experiences.”The basic components of the course are a series of readings (24), videos (14), and interactionswith practicing engineering leaders applying a “leaders teaching leaders” approach (5) used asprobes to elicit responses from students who then reflect upon
Conference Session
Engineering Design: Implementation and Evaluation
Collection
2010 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Cameron Denson, Utah State University; Matt Lammi, Utah State University; Kyungsuk Park, Utah State University; Elizabeth Dansie, Purdue University
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods
challenge? 2. What additional understanding can be gained about the study’s methodology and its capacity to measure engineering design thinking from conducting reflective interviews?Literature Foundation The methods and design thinking constructs measured in this study were built on afoundation of previous work which emerged from the University of Washington led by CindyAtman. This study is differentiated from the Washington work in two distinct ways. First, thiswork extended the continuum of novice to expert to include high school students whereasprevious work employing these methods focused specifically on college students and practicingexperts. Second, our study attempted to explore design thinking in dyads