Conference Session

Laboratories and Computer Simulation in BME

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joe Tranquillo; Daniel Cavanagh

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

gauges.Corresponding lectures focused on creating and reducing block diagrams and theconcepts of feedforward and feedback.Briefly, the lab protocol required the following steps:• Measure the pressure drop (∆P) between two points in the system (A and B) for a flow rate of 500mL/min• Constrict the tubing (using a variable clamp) between point A and B to increase ∆P.• Change something in the system (not the clamp) to return the original ∆P. Most students discover that decreasing the flow rate produces the desired reponse.• Explain in detail the algorithm they used to find the right flow rate.• How many adjustments did it take to get the right flow rate?• Repeat the above to create a plot of constriction level versus flow rate

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Course Innovation

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lionel Craddock, Bluefield State College; Daphne Rainey, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Susan Faulkner, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Frank Hart, Bluefield State College; Martha Eborall, Bluefield State College; Lewis Foster, Bluefield State College; Stephen Cammer, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Betsy Tretola, Virginia Tech; Bruno Sobral, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Oswald Crasta, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute; Bruce Mutter, Bluefield State College

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Workbench: A Multi-Stage Approach to Bioinformatics Education. Bioscene 31(1): 3-11. 3. He, Y., R. R. Vines, A. R. Wattam, G. V. Abramochkin, A. W. Dickerman, J. D. Eckart, B. W. S. Sobral (2004) PIML:the Pathogen Information Markup Language. Bioinformatics 21:116- 121. 4. Rainey, D., Faulkner, S., Craddock, L., Cammer, S., Tretola, B., Sobral, B.W., and O., Crasta. 2007. A project-centric approach to cyberinfrastructure education. TeraGrid 2007. 5. Our cultural commonwealth: The Report of the ACLS Commission on Cyberinfrastructure for the Humanities and Social Sciences, July 18, 2006 6. Buetow, K (2005) Cyberinfrastructure

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics and Global Issues

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dawn Bikowski, Ohio University; Melissa Broeckelman, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

work.Course AssignmentsThesis critique assignment 15%Annotated Bibliography 15%Paper Outline 15%Paper draft 20%Paper final 20%Participation & Homework 15%Course Grade and Policies Page 12.204.10The course is Credit/No Credit. A final course grade of B- or higher is required to receive Credit.Grades are based on assignments and on class attendance. More than 1 unexcused absenceresults in the course grade being lowered. Two absences result in the course grade being loweredone step (e.g., A to A

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Chang, USMA; Grant Jacoby, USMA; Lisa Shay, U.S. Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, Jean, “An Undergraduate Success Story: A Computer Science and Electrical EngineeringIntegrative Experience,” IEEE Pervasive Computing, August 2006.8. Jones, E. Browning, B., Dias, M., Argall, B., Veloso, M., and Stentz, A., “Dynamically Formed HeterogeneousRobot Teams Performing Tightly-Coordinated Tasks”, International Conference on Robotics and Automation, May,2006. Page 12.1174.12

Conference Session

Best Practices for Campus Representatives

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amir Karimi, University of Texas-San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Campus Representatives

University, Rocky Mountain Section, personal communications, 2007.14. Dyrud, M., Oregon Institute of Technology, Pacific Northwest Section, personal communications, 200715. Self, B., California Polytechnic State University, Rocky Mountain Section, personal communications, 2007.16. Whitman, D., University f Wyoming, Rocky Mountain Section, personal communications, 2007.17. Hogan, B., Cornell University, St. Lawrence, Section, personal communications, 2007.18. Bachnak, R.., Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Gulf Southwest Section, personal communications, 2007.19. Bee, D. University of Wisconsin-Stout, North Midwest Section, personal communications, 2007. Page 12.1158.16

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brianno Coller, Northern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

explain, “the structure of knowledge [has a] significant influence on intelligence andhigh-level cognitive performance.” In summarizing several decades of cognitive science research,Bransford et al.,6 explain that “knowing more” means: A. “having more conceptual chunks in memory;” Page 12.840.5 B. having more “relations or features defining each chunk;” C. having more “interrelations among the chunks;” D. and having “efficient methods for retrieving related chunks.”In the concept maps, students are asked to express all the concepts and techniques they learnedin the course, and do so in a hierarchical manner

Conference Session

Emerging Technologies in Manufacturing Education II

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Salil Desai, North Carolina A&T State University; Devdas Pai, North Carolina A&T State University; Jagannathan Sankar, North Carolina A&T State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

12.970.5 Invention Disclosure, NCAT 2006 Figure 5: Micro capsules and tissue scaffolds using inkjet based microfabrication process [6]4. Laboratory component within micro and nano technology modulesThe instructor organized laboratory tours to the Center for Advanced Materials and SmartStructures (CAMSS) at NCA&TSU. This type of a hands-on-experience enabled students toappreciate the use of state-of-the-art equipment (ultra high speed photography, precision microposition stage, customized inkjet system) which are involved in the development of micro andnano fabrication processes. (a) (b) (c) Figure 6. Infrastructure exposure to students (a

Conference Session

Product Innovation And Entrepreneurship

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Johnson, Valparaiso University; Kathleen Sevener, Valparaiso University; Doug Tougaw, Valparaiso University; Jeffrey Will, Valparaiso University

/Indiana Conference (2005).4. D. Tougaw and M. Barrett, “Determination of Individual Performance on a Team,” Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Illinois/Indiana Conference, 124-127 (2002). Page 12.302.75. R. H. King, T. E. Parker, T. P. Grover, J. P. Goshink, and N. T. Middleton, “A Multidisciplinary Engineering Laboratory Course,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 88, no. 3, 1999, pp. 311-317.6. R. L. Miller, R. L., and B. M. Olds, “A Model Curriculum for a Capstone Course in Multidisciplinary Engineering Design,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 83, no. 4, 1994, pp. 311- 316.7

Conference Session

Innovations in biological and agricultural engineering education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Mankin, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

strengths and weaknesses of various instructional methods7.The objectives of this study were (a) to assess student learning outcomes of the design processand (b) to provide feedback about the effectiveness of a first-year design project and supportingcourse activities in leading to those outcomes. Course and Design Project Description Page 12.1005.2The class consisted of two lab sections with 22-23 students each. Characteristics of the classsections are summarized in Table 1. Teams were selected by an in-class process, wherebymembers of each team were selected to produce a diverse membership according tocharacteristics the

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computer-Oriented Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sohail Anwar, Pennsylvania State University-Altoona College; Jungwoo Ryoo, Pennsylvania State University-Altoona College; Harpal Dhillon, Excelsior College; David Barnes, Pennsylvania State University-Altoona College

Tagged Divisions

Information Systems

of its above mentioned efforts. However, such anassessment is planned for the near future.Bibliography1. Hentea, M., H. Dhillon, and M. Dhillon. “Towards Changes in Information Security Education.” Journal ofInformation Technology Education, Volume 5, 2006. Page 12.226.92. Dark, M., J. Ekstrom, and B. Lunt. “Integrating Information Assurance and Security into IT Education: A Lookat the Model Curriculum and Emerging Practice.” Journal of Information Technology Education, Volume 5, 2006.3. Logan, P. “Crafting an Undergraduate Information Security Emphasis Within Information Technology.” Journalof Information Systems Education, 13 (3)4

Conference Session

Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin Grimheden, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

Tagged Divisions

International

, L.O., Undervisningen och det meningsfulla lärandet. In swedish only. Linköping university, 1990.9. Grimheden, M., Hanson, M., Collaborative Learning in Mechatronics with Globally Distributed Teams. International Journal of Engineering Education 19 (4), pp. 569-574. 2003.10. Grimheden, M., Strömdahl, H., The Challenge of Distance: Opportunity Learning in Transnational Collaborative Educational Settings. International Journal of Engineering Education 20 (4), pp. 619-627. 2004.11. Collis, B., Andernach, T., and Diepen, N., Web environments for groupbased project work in higher education. International Journal of Educational Telecommunications, 3(2): 109-130. 1997.12. Hamada, T. and Scott, K. A collaborative learning model

Conference Session

Advice from the Experts for NEEs at Small Universities

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claude Villiers, Florida Gulf Coast University; Diane Bondehagen, Florida Gulf Coast University; Chris Geiger

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

, October, 20015. Varma, R. “Permanent Tenure and Academic Freedom in Engineering”. In Bulletin of Science, Technology& Society, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp 193-201 June 2001.6. Felder, R.M. and Brent, B. “Designing and Teaching Courses to Satisfy the ABETEngineering Criteria, J. Engineering Education, pp. 7-25, January, 20037. Froyd, J.E. and Ohland, M.T. “Integrated Engineering Curricula”, J. Engineering Education, pp. 147-164,January, 20058. Nair, I., Jones S. and White, J. “A Curriculum to Enhance Environmental Literacy”, pp. 57-67, January2002 Page 12.1153.8

Conference Session

Multimedia and Distance Learning

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steve Hsiung, Old Dominion University; John Hackworth, Old Dominion University; Richard Jones, Old Dominion University; June Ritchie, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Iowa State University in 1992.John Hackworth, Old Dominion University JOHN R. HACKWORTH is Program Director for the Electrical Engineering Technology program at Old Dominion University. He holds a B. S. Degree in Electrical Engineering Technology and a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from Old Dominion University. Prior to joining Old Dominion University, John had about 20 years of industrial experience. He is one of a few faculty members holding the special designation of University Professor.Richard Jones, Old Dominion University RICHARD L. JONES has been teaching at ODU since 1994. His areas of interest include digital and linear systems including hybrid circuits as

Conference Session

Issues of Diversity

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julie Mariga, Purdue University; Alka Harriger, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

, VA: National Science Foundation.2 Woof, B. (1996). Navigational issues and strategies in non-linear online education. SIGDOC Proceeding of ACM, 11-16.3 Wasburn, M. (2007). Cultivating greater acceptance of women in technology: A pilot study. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 3(1), 22-35.4 Camp, T. (2002). Forward to women and computing, SIGSE Bulletin, 34 (2). 1-6.5 National Council for Research on Women. (2001). Balancing the equation: Where are women and girls in science, engineering and Technology? New York: National Council for Research on Women.6 National Science Foundation (2003). New formulas for America's workforce: Girls in science and

Conference Session

Manufacturing Capstone and Design Projects

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Rajadas, Arizona State University; Bradley Rogers, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, J.D., 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 20002. Low Speed Wind Tunnel Testing , Barlow, J. B., Rae, Jr., W. H. and Pope, A., 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1999.3. Wind Tunnel Technique , Pankhurst, R. C., and Holder, D. W., Pittman Press, 1952.4. Investigation of Material Spillage from Waste and Recycling Collection Trucks, Technical Report submitted to Heil Environmental Industries Ltd., Phoenix, AZ. November 2003.5. ASU Polytechnic Low Speed Wind Tunnel Improvement and Validation, Report submitted by the students enrolled in AET420, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Department, ASU Polytechnic, Fall 2004. Page

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dick Blandford, University of Evansville; Deborah Hwang, University of Evansville

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Page 12.1117.9faculty who are in place already have publicly stated opinions which become difficult to retract.However, in our opinion, faculty who are in place and who become convinced that a combineddepartment is a positive development tend to be more supportive and add stability to the change.It is worth the effort it takes to convince in-place faculty that the combined department is in theirinterest.Bibliography1. Batarseh, Issa (moderator), "EE, CompE and CS Programs: Merger or Peaceful Co-Existence?", ECEDHA '06discussion session, Oahu, Hawaii..2. Blandford, D. and Hwang, D., "Five Easy but Effective Assessment Methods" 2003 ACM SIGCSE TechnicalSymposium and Workshops, Reno, Nevada, February 19-23, 2003.3. M. Goldweber, C. Congdon, B

Conference Session

Recruiting, Retention and Diversity in Engineering Technology

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tim Brower, Oregon Institute of Technology; Richard Grimsley, Project Lead The Way; Pam Newberry, Project Lead The Way

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

years and has worked in both manufacturing and construction. He has served on a multitude of committees and has been recognized for his service with such awards as the Association of Texas Technology Education Hall of Honor in 2001 and the International Technology Education Association’s 1999 Leader to Watch.Pam Newberry, Project Lead The Way Pam B. Newberry is the Director of Pre-Engineering Curriculum for Project Lead The Way, Inc. PLTW is a non-profit 501 (c)(3) organization that provides pre-engineering curricula for schools in 47 states and over 1600 schools. Prior to joining PLTW in July 2002, she served as the Associate Director for the International Technology Education

Conference Session

Modern Software Measurement Techniques

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles Birdsong, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

/(lb*s^2) in^3/s/ma Kce B Kce in^3/s/psi) Friction Valve Flow Pressure Coefficient lbs/(in/s) A

Conference Session

Training Faculty to Teach CE

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wilfrid Nixon, University of Iowa

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

AC 2007-1894: A SURVEY OF FACULTY DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES IN CIVILENGINEERINGWilfrid Nixon, University of Iowa Wilfrid Nixon is a Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Iowa and a research engineer at IIHR - Hydroscience and Engineering. Dr. Nixon, a Professional Engineer in the State of Iowa, received a B. A. in Engineering from Cambridge University, England in 1981, and a Ph. D. in Engineering from Cambridge University in 1985. Page 12.138.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 A Survey of Faculty Development Activities in Civil EngineeringAbstractRecent

Conference Session

Curriculum Development and Applications

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rafiqul Noorani, Loyola Marymount University; Louis Rodriguez, Loyola Marymount University; Michael Givens, Loyola Marymount University; Drew Christensen, Loyola Marymount University; Joe Foyos, Loyola Marymount University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

professionalpresentation, but also an appreciation for the needs of communication when displaying theirmodels. Page 12.1194.10 Table 2: Speech Evaluation Engineering Graphics and Design Speech EvaluationObjectives: · Interesting, persuasive, creative – logical + emotional appeal · Speak for 15 minutesRating Scale: 4 = Excellent (A) – Outstanding work 3 = Very good (B) – Exceeds standard, but not outstanding work 2 = Satisfactory (C) – Meets standard, but some improvement isnecessary

Conference Session

Innovations in Mechanical Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ming Huang, University of San Diego; James Kohl, University of San Diego; Veronica Galvan, University of San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

understanding of the topics covered? 2. Do you think you would have performed worse in MDI if you had taken Dynamics a semester or two earlier? 3. Do you believe that overall you have retained more materials as of today from Dynamics and MDI than you would have by taking the courses at different semesters? 4. Do you agree that the following factors contribute positively to your learning experience last semester: a) Proximity of learning the fundamentals in Dynamics and seeing the applications in MDI. b) Use of the joint class project integrating the topics from Dynamics, MDI, and Comp. Applications.The results of the survey are shown in Table 2. It should be noted that one student's response tothe survey was removed

Conference Session

Innovations in Teaching and Learning

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Benson Tongue, University of California-Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

-world applications of theircourse material, both required and elective. Such an understanding will provide a bettermotivation both before and during the course.This portal has been designed to allow expansion and refinement and is envisioned as verymuch an on-going project. Faculty interested in possible applications to their own universitiesshould contact the author.References [1] Albright, M.J. and Graf, D.L. (1992), Teaching in the information age: The role of educational technology, San Francisco, Jossey-Bass. [2] Broadbent, B., (2002), ABC’s of e-learning: reaping the benefits and avoiding the pitfalls, San Francisco, Jossey Bass/Pfeiffer. [3] Brown, D.G. (ed), (2000), Interactive learning: Vignettes from

Conference Session

Web-Based Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Manuel Castro, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Africa Lopez-Rey, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; juan peire, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Julio Freijeiro, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

area joint for the Karnaugh and Quine-McCluskey application (main part)with some links and a main button (Volver) to return to the previous screen (Fig. 2): 1. Three main flaps to address the Main Panel (Panelinicio), to list the selected digital terms (Listado términos marcados) and to configure the number of digital variables (Cambiar Numero Variables). 2. Inside the Main Panel, the user can choose between: a. Working with maxterm or minterm, b. Introducing between three different logical function (mark the placeholders for each digital term, write the logic function with digital letters or write the logical function with numbers), c. After the introduction of a digital

Conference Session

Distance, Remote, and Virtual Experiments

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John White, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; Leo Bobek, University of Massachusetts- Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

the reactor dataacquisition system and the remote user.References1. J. R. WHITE, A. JIRAPONGMED and L. M. BOBEK, “A Web-Based System for Access to Real-Time and Archival Research Reactor Data”, Trans. Am. Nuc. Soc. (June 2004).2. P. JAIN, S. MARKIDIS, B. G. JONES, RIZWAN-UDDIN, J. R. WHITE, and L. M. BOBEK, “Web-casting of Nuclear Reactor Experiments”, Trans. Am. Nuc. Soc. (Nov. 2006).3. J. R. WHITE and L. M. BOBEK, “Reactor Operations Training via Web-Based Access to the UMass-Lowell Research Reactor,” Proceedings of Conference on Nuclear Training and Education, Jacksonville, Florida (Feb. 2007).4. The Nuclear101 website and UMLRR Online prototype, www.nuclear101.com/.5. InduSoft Web Studio, www.indusoft.com/.6. Centra Live for e

Conference Session

Factors Affecting Minority Engineering Students

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brad Matanin, Virginia Tech; Tremayne Waller, Virginia Tech; Jean Kampe, Virginia Tech; Cory Brozina, Virginia Tech; Bevlee Watford, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

, pp. 24-29.2. Waller, T. and Watford, B., “ASPIRE – The Academic Summer Program Introducing Resources for Engineers,” Proceedings of the 2004 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Salt Lake City, UT, June 2004. Page 12.119.13Appendix A: A schedule example from STEP Bridge 2006 Group A Schedule Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 8:00 AM Section 1 and 2 8:15 AM 8:30 AM Chem Lecture Chem Lecture Chem Lecture Chem Lecture 8:45 AM

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian Self, California Polytechnic State University; James Widmann, California Polytechnic State University

AC 2007-1331: ENHANCING LEARNING IN MECHANICAL DESIGN USING AMODEL ELICITING ACTIVITYBrian Self, California Polytechnic State UniversityJames Widmann, California Polytechnic State University Page 12.668.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 Enhancing Learning in Mechanical Design using a Model Eliciting ActivityAbstractTraditionally, students in Mechanical Engineering are taught to approach design from a failureperspective. Mathematical models for stress, strain, strength and failure are typically presented ina lecture format and reinforced though the solution of homework problems. The students are thenasked to

Conference Session

Best Practices in Interdisciplinary Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Raviv, Florida Atlantic University; Brandon Moore, Florida Atlantic University; Eiki Martinson, Florida Atlantic University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

had protectedthe concept before we met. Funding was not an issue: his past success as an entrepreneur has Page 12.769.3given him the financial resources to support this project. The idea is a new economically-soundway to make fresh water, and he wanted FAU to make a feasibility study. There were severaldilemmas associated with this project: (a) my ongoing research was in the Robotics area, not inwater distillation, (b) the original idea was his, and this is very different from the way we havebeen doing research since we normally work on our ideas, and based on his past experience (c)he wanted complete ownership of the intellectual property

Conference Session

Teaching Methods for the 21st Century: Part 2

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anastasia Micheals, San Jose State University; Emily Allen, San Jose State University; Jeanne Linsdell, San Jose State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

from instructor B. One of the goalsof the rubric was to make grading more consistent between different instructors. We expect thatif this goal is met, then the deviation between average grade from instructor A and instructor Bshould be small. In Fall 2005, before the new program, there were six sections taught by 5instructors; the average grade was 84, with a standard deviation of 4.5. During Fall 2006, of thefour instructors and four sections using the new program, the average grade was 87, with astandard deviation of 2.6.If the reduced deviation holds in the future, then the rubric will bevalidated.The rubric allows for more uniformity in grading between instructors, and is consistent withholistic grading results. Several faculty members

Conference Session

Learning Needs and Educational Success

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Northern, Prairie View A&M University; John Fuller, Prairie View A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

AC 2007-2039: PROJECT-BASED LEARNING FOR A DIGITAL CIRCUITSDESIGN SEQUENCE AT HBCUSJames Northern, Prairie View A&M UniversityJohn Fuller, Prairie View A&M University Page 12.1193.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 Project-Based Learning for a Digital Circuits Design Sequence at HBCUs AbstractIn today’s globally competitive business environment, technology-based companies are lookingfor and expect to hire workers who have the skills necessary to successfully perform in achanging knowledge-based society. Minority students of today enter an increasingly globalizedworld in

Conference Session

Perceptions of Women's Success in STEM

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Metz, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Technology. (2006). Retrieved on June 30, 2006 fromwww.wepan.org. Data derived from National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Doctorate Awards:2004; National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, 2004 and previous editions; AmericanBar Association, J.D. Enrollment & J.D. Degrees Awarded (Total/Women/Minorities) 1984-2004; and Associationof American Medical Colleges, FACTS - Applicants, Matriculants and Graduates.4. AAES/Harris Poll. (2003). American perspectives on engineers and engineering: Final report. Retrieved on July18, 2006 from http://www.aaes.org/harris_2004_files/frame.htm5. Jolly, E.J., Campbell, P. B., & Perlman, L. (2004). Engagement, capacity and continuity: A trilogy for studentsuccess. GE