Conference Session

Enhancing Mechanics Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Francesco Costanzo, Pennsylvania State University; Gary L. Gray, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

d B a stop. The deceleration of the truck is con- A stant and it is able to come to a complete stop after braking for a distance of 350 ft. Deter- mine the minimum coefficient of static friction between the crate A and the truck so that the crate does not slide relative to the truck. Road Map We know that the crate doesn’t slip relative to the truck, though slip must be impending since we want the minimum µs . We can find the acceleration of the truck since we are given

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Course Innovation I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Thornton, Emerson Climate Technologies; Kyle Shipp, Kettering University; Tony Lin, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

-sufficient in the future.Program Outcome E is the graduate’s ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineeringproblems. In reference to Outcome B, the ME students are generally stronger in Outcome E thanthe IE student. The ME students are more familiar with the product and the associated factors(variables, parameters) that affect product quality and therefore can identify problems morereadily. By interacting with the ME students and communicating openly about the problems andpossible factors they wanted to investigate and why they wanted to investigate them, the IEstudent gained a better understanding of the problem identification process and how mechanicalengineers approach a problem.Program Outcome G is the graduate’s ability to communicate

Conference Session

1553 FPD3 - Computer & Programming Tools in First Year Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Illig, Clarkson University; John Hrynuk, Clarkson University; Matthew Pennington, Clarkson University; John P. Dempsey, Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Additional 2D Plotting Exam 2 21 Lab 3 Review/ Lab 4 Preview/Exam 3 Lab 3 lecture 22 3D Plotting Lab 3 Part A 23 Cell Arrays Part I Lab 3 Part B 24 Cell Arrays Part II LabVIEW Introduction 25 Solving Linear Simultaneous Equations LabVIEW Programming 26 Symbolic Math LabVIEW Simulation 27 Review Exam 3 28 Exam 4 Course SurveysThe format of each lecture was also modified from Spring 2006. In Spring 2006, text waspresented on slides with few references to the textbook and few

Conference Session

Professional Skills and the Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ashley Ater Kranov, Center for Teaching, Learning & Technology; Robert Olsen, Washington State University; Carl Hauser, Washington State University; Laura Girardeau, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

instructions thatencouraged students to discuss the implications of the problem and develop approaches toaddress it, rather than immediately develop solutions. After all, practicing engineers mustapproach problems holistically, working as a team to assess data sources, address contextualissues, and communicate with stakeholders before deciding on solutions. “The scenario assignment is not intended to measure a student’s scientific knowledge. Rather, it is a realisticopen-ended task that draws on a student’s critical thinking skills as well as problem formulationand management expertise.”17 See Appendix B for instructions and sample scenarios.The Student DiscussionBefore each of the 45-minute curricular debriefs, a CTLT facilitator informed students

Conference Session

The Use of Computers in Teaching Mathematics

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenna Carpenter, Louisiana Tech University; Brian Camp, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

aspects beingidentical). In addition, the second group of Calculus I students were followed in Calculus II (stillutilizing textbook homework assignments and taught by Instructor A) and in Calculus III(utilizing WeBWorK assigned on a weekly basis for homework and taught by Instructor B).Louisiana Tech University is on a quarter calendar with semester hours. Terms are 10-weekslong and the maximum full-time student course load is 12 semester credit hours. The calculussequence consists of five three-semester hour courses. Calculus I consists of algebra andtrigonometry topics (approximately 2/3 of the course) and calculus topics (limits and conceptualdevelopment of derivative as a limit, up to but not including, the derivative rules). Calculus

Conference Session

Novel Courses and Content for ChEs II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Toghiani, Mississippi State University; Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University; Keisha Walters, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

presented where concept integration may beespecially beneficial.Opportunities in ThermodynamicsOne such opportunity occurs early in the semester when expressions for the enthalpy as afunction of temperature and pressure are developed for gases and for liquids. Students at MSUhave typically completed a fluid mechanics course prior to taking the second thermo course, andas a result, are well versed in the use and application of the Bernoulli equation for an isothermal,incompressible fluid, including pump work and frictional losses (simplified mechanical energybalance) [McCabe et al., 2005]: PA α V2 P α V2 + gZ A + A A + WP − h fp = B + gZ B + B B + h f (1) ρ

Conference Session

ERM Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl Lund, State University of New York at Buffalo

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

for other activities.The second major objective of the TExT is to provide learning activities to be used in the class-room along with detailed lesson plans describing how to conduct these activities. To the maxi-mum extent possible, this includes providing the resources necessary for conducting the in-classactivity. In cases where the resources cannot be provided, the lesson plan includes a list of all theitems the instructor will need in class along with an indication of those that must be obtainedfrom a source external to the TExT. The key points of this objective are to ensure (a) that eachactivity is well designed as a student learning experience, (b) that implementation of each activ-ity is straightforward and time-efficient and (c) that

Conference Session

Service - Learning Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley Rogers, Arizona State University; Mark Henderson, Arizona State University; Thomas Sugar, Arizona State University; Chell Roberts, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

, E., Bringing Water To Africa’s Poor, Expanded Access Requires More Funds, Efficiency And Capacity, Africa Renewal, Vol.21, N.3 (October 2007), p7. 4. Henderson, M., Rogers, B., Jacobson, D., Sinha, R., GlobalResolve: Social Entrepreneurship Opportunities for Transdisciplinary Global Teams, Proceedings of Harvey Mudd Design Workshop, May 2007, Claremont, CA. 5. Beckman, J., Method And Apparatus For Simultaneous Heat And Mass Transfer Utilizing A Carrier-Gas, US Patent 6,911,121, June 28, 2005. 6. Hamieh, B. and Beckman, J., Seawater Desalination Using Dewvaporation Technique: Experimental And Enhancement Work With Economic Analysis, Desalination, Vol. 195 (2006) pp 14–25

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anbu Elancheziyan, Drexel University; Jaudelice de Oliveira, Drexel University; Fernand Cohen, Drexel University; Fredricka Reisman, Drexel University

canillustrate concepts in an introductory telecommunication course; a Digital Signal Processing(DSP) sequence dealing with image/biomedical modeling and interpretation, using curvemodeling with parametric models such as Bezier and B-splines could be illustrated with anexperiment dealing with traffic engineering where students are asked to route important datafrom a node to a destination node while adhering to a predetermined trajectory described by suchparametric models; as part of the stochastic system course, students are introduced to detectionand hypothesis testing theory and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Anexperiment can be developed to ask the students to track a moving toy vehicle in a room byintegrating and routing the

Conference Session

Innovative Curriculum in Electrical Engineering Technology

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheng Lin, Old Dominion University; Gene Hou, Old Dominion University; Yuzhong Shen, Old Dominion University; Hector Garcia, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

+ (r ) i −1 T ij ∆rij ij l iji −1The collection of the lengths of six cylinders gives a matrix equation, ∆l ij = B∆q (16)  riji - 1 T I riji -1 ~ T r0   ∆s where B is a 1 × 6 matrix whose row is equal to  i -1 − i-1  and

Conference Session

Instructional Innovations in AEC Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Khaled Mansy, Oklahoma State University; Mohammad Bilbeisi, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

, who experienced its vital role to guide the designprocess towards energy efficiency. With the use of user-friendly simplified engineering tools,students were able to evaluate the performance of their designs and were able to produce avariety of design solutions that met the success criteria for the Chameleon House. Students wereinnovative and produced non-traditional schemes that are both aesthetically pleasing and highlyenergy efficient. Four design schemes are presented below. A B Figure 7: The Rotating Solar Cap Figure 8: A Room-by-Room AssemblyScheme 1: The Rotating Solar Cap [Fig. 7]This concept design is simple and versatile at the same time. For any site placement of the houseitself, a

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Design in the Classroom

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dominic Halsmer, Oral Roberts University; Nicholas Halsmer, Oral Roberts University; Robert Johnson, Oral Roberts University; James Wanjiku, Oral Roberts University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

origin of life problem will be made to a rather obscure butrecent book, Origin of Life: The 5th Option, by engineer, author, and entrepreneur, Bryant Shiller.He conducts a thorough and detailed (over 500 pages) investigation of the problem from anengineering mindset claiming the following advantages: An engineering background affords some distinct advantages: a) provides sufficient background knowledge to address and comprehend the technical aspects of the biological sciences; b) provides sufficient background knowledge to address the other technical disciplines such as chemistry, geology, information theory, thermodynamics, quantum theory, etc. that have come to bear on the subject; c) permits viewing the

Conference Session

LabVIEW and Mindstorms Based Experiments

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joel Dillon, United States Military Academy; Jose Salinas, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2008-1376: FOOTBALLS, ROCKETS, AND LEGOS: A HANDS-ONAPPROACH TO ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF ENGINEERING DESIGNEDUCATIONJoel Dillon, United States Military AcademyJose Salinas, United States Military Academy Page 13.618.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Footballs, Rockets and LEGOs™: A Hands-on Approach to Enhancing the Quality of Engineering Design EducationAbstractME450, a course developed to provide a capstone design experience to non-engineeringmajors at the United States Military Academy at West Point, has for three yearssuccessfully presented the mechanical engineering design process to students enrolled inhumanities, social sciences, life

Conference Session

Novel Energy Applications in Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Schroeder, University of Toledo; Mohammad Elahinia, University of Toledo; Walter Olson, University of Toledo; Mark Schumack, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

relevant transducers at key locations in the system. Figure 2demonstrates, in schematic form, the working principles of the system. Figure 2 Schematic of the hydraulic hybrid test stand. Figure 3 Current status of the hydraulic hybrid vehicle test stand.An additional document has been prepared which details, to the students, the exact workings ofthe test stand. This document shall serve as a reference for the students as they are becomingfamiliar with the system and is supplied in Appendix B. The document includes data sheets thatcan be printed out as well as an inventory of each component of the system such that the studentscan acquire any necessary data from the manufacturers or the operating manuals. The

Conference Session

Assessment

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Wittenborn, Purdue University; Michael Richey, The Boeing Company; Craig Miller, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

being met through student learning and validated through the businessimpacts of training.The research method used ensured that the problems identified could be met through measurableobjectives and provided a framework for evaluating the following questions: a) did theknowledge transfer, b) did the knowledge impact behaviors, and c) did the behaviors impactproductivity and productivity of the product service offerings? This framework includedinstructor and student evaluations of the PLM course. This evidence based approach is a critical Page 13.236.5business component of most industrial training programs.Instructor Led Online Lectures and

Conference Session

Case Studies & Engineering Education Around the Globe

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adnan Zahed; Abdullah Bafail; Reda Abdulaal; Ali Al-Bahi

Tagged Divisions

International

one.Corrective ActionsBy the start of the academic year 2006/2007 AAU carried out an overall evaluation of thepreparation activities in the college. The evaluation revealed the necessity of some correctiveactions regarding: 1. Design of lab experiments (outcome 3.b) 2. Non-technical or soft skills (outcomes 3.d, 3.f, 3.g, 3.h, 3.i, and 3.j) 3. Courses administered by other colleges (particularly math, basic sciences, and humanities). 4. Displaying students course work as convincing evidences of achieving program outcomes.AAU organized a one day hands-on workshop for the faculty members teaching lab relatedcourses on how to introduce design elements in these courses. The workshop was centered on the13 fundamental learning

Conference Session

Graphics and Visualization

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy Study, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

, 12 (4), 363-374.2. Harnisch, D. L., Polzin, J. R., Brunsting, J., Camasta, S., Pfister, H., Mueller, B., Frees, K., Gabric, K., Shope, R. J. (2002). Using visualization to make connections between math and science in high school classrooms. A Page 13.1233.6 paper presented at the Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education international conference, Nashville, TN.3. Fritz, J. P., Way, T. P., Barner, K. E. (1996). Haptic representation of scientific data for visually impaired or blind persons. Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Technology and Persons with Disabilities Conference

Conference Session

New Ideas for ChEs II (aka ChE Potpourri)

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Bill Brooks, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

demonstrate the utility of WISE as an assessment tool to identify misconceptions.Figure 1 shows a screen shot of the problem 1 . This problem was adapted from the Thermal andTransport Science Concept Inventory developed by Ron Miller and coworkers .16 The assignedproblem had 4 multiple choice options. However, unlike the Concept Inventory tests, nojustification is given for each choice. Rather, students are asked to provide their own justificationin a short answer text box that accompanies the problem (see Appendix B). We term this activity,a “short answer follow-up”. The use of short answer follow-ups offers students the opportunityto practice reflection on their selection of multiple choice answers. It has been shown thatdescriptions of one's

Conference Session

International Division Poster Session / Collaborative & New Efforts in Engineering Education / International Division Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Afsaneh Minaie, Utah Valley State College; Reza Sanati-Mehrizy, Utah Valley State College

Tagged Divisions

International

Software Engineering Education & Training (CSEET’07), 2007.[13] Naehyyuck Chang and Ikhwan Lee, “Embedded System Hardware Design Course Track for CS Students”, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Systems Education (MSE’03), 2003.[14] Suehee Pak, Eunha Rho, Juno Chang, and Moon Kim, “Demand-Driven Curriculum for Embedded System Software in Korea”, http://www.cs.virginia.edu/sigbed/archives/2005-10/03-wese2005%20(Pak).pdf, access on January 2008.[15] Seviora,R.E., “A Curriculum for Embedded System Engineering”, ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems”, vol. 4, no. 3, pp 569-586, Aug. 2005.[16] Haberman, B. and M. Trakhtenbrot, “ An Undergraduate Program in Embedded Systems

Conference Session

1553 FPD3 - Computer & Programming Tools in First Year Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

W. David Harding, University of New Haven; Samuel Daniels, University of New Haven

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

AC 2008-2194: USING MICROSOFT OUTLOOK FOR PERSONAL AND PROJECTPLANNING IN A FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING COURSEW. David Harding, University of New HavenSamuel Daniels, University of New Haven Page 13.1347.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Using Microsoft Outlook for Personal & Project Planning in a Freshman Year Engineering CourseAbstractA great variety of tools are available for use in the planning and organizing of project work.This paper discusses the use of Microsoft Outlook (Outlook) as a primary planning andorganizational tool for a first year engineering course; “Project Planning and Development.” Inthe course, Outlook is

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Curriculum Innovation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Farison, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

the College of Arts &Sciences by combining the new Institute of Engineering Science and the established B. S. inComputer Science program, which was previously offered through the Department ofMathematics. When the initial faculty had completed planning for a full degree program with anappropriate set of all new engineering courses, the 1985-86 catalog announced the full degreerequirements and curriculum plan for the new B.S. in Engineering Science program, initiallywith computer, electrical, and mechanical “options.”In 1988, the Department of Engineering and Computer Science, still a unit within the College ofArts and Sciences, moved into its own new building, called the Rogers ECS Building, after thedonors whose contribution enabled the

Conference Session

Collaborative & New Efforts in Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fanyu Zeng, Indiana Wesleyan University

Tagged Divisions

International

Classroom: Lessons Learned”, AC 2007-2225, in Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE Annual Conference, Honolulu, HI, June 24-27, 20073. Widdig, B., Lohmann, J., “EDUCATING ENGINEERS FOR THE GLOBAL WORKPLACE”, AC 2007-854, in Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE Annual Conference, Honolulu, HI, June 24-27, 20074. Motlagh, B., Shahir-Motlagh, M., Rahrooh, A., “Crafting an International Road Map to Global Learning and Project Management”, AC 2007-1113, in Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE Annual Conference, Honolulu, HI, June 24-27, 20075. Lin, L., “The learning Experiences of Chinese Graduate Students in American Social Sciences Programs”, The International Conference of The Comparative and International Education Society, http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data

Conference Session

Computer ET Innovation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Schneider, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

skills.Student performance can also be investigated to determine the impact of the coursemodifications. The class averages for the 2005 through 2007 course offerings was a B (83%),C+ (78%), and a B+ (88%), respectively. Looking at the spread of the final grades show astandard deviation of 6%, 17%, and 4%, respectively for the 2005 through 2007 semesters. Thisdata indicates that student performance decreased as the level of difficulty increased with respectto the programming projects. However, by synchronizing the projects together, and adding theWindows GUI programming as an introduction to using APIs student performance not onlyimproved, but became more consistent.ConclusionsCoordinating software programming projects in an operating systems course to

Conference Session

Innovations in ME Laboratory Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory Davis, Kettering University; Craig Hoff, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

effort, T.E. Summing all of the forces results in the following relationship: ∑F =m a e T .E. − W .R. − R.R. = me a , or T .E. − R.L. = me aSince the vehicle is put into neutral during the coastdown, the tractive effort becomeszero. The Road Load Force can then be related to coast down rate as follows:(1.2) R.L. = − me a = −me dV B − me (Vi +1 − Vi ) , dt ∆t where: me = effective vehicle mass. It is the sum of the final vehicle test mass and the effective mass of the rotating components. For, example the effective mass of the tire wheel and brake rotor is

Conference Session

Educating for Results: Tools used in Engineering Technology

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Recayi 'Reg' Pecen; Ayhan Zora; Faruk Yildiz, University of Northern Iowa

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Page 13.1373.8to hill, instead it start moving back after the engine torque released at a time of 22 s ofthe simulation. This has given the student an opportunity of investigating the systemcapabilities. The model can be used further detailed discussion and analysis of the vehiclebehavior. For example, the car body longitudinal velocity and acceleration for 5% groundslope are shown in Figure 8.The vehicle is accelerating and reaches to maximum velocity until time 22 second whenthe engine torque is set to zero as seen in Figure 8.a. The accelerating scheme as seen inFigure 8.b during this period looks like a step function since gear ratios are suddenlyincreased at times of 5, 10, and 15 s of simulation. The slight decrease in

Conference Session

Web-Based Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ece Yaprak, Wayne State University; Karen Tonso, Wayne State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

system for small space experiments, Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest, 20(2), 6 pp. Downloaded 3-23-06 from http://techdigest.jhuapl.edu/td2002/dumont.pdf.[4] Menon, C.J. (2005). Medical device network standards. Medical Electronics Manufacturing. Downloaded 3- 23-06 from http://www.devicelink.com/mem/archive/05/10/004.html.[5] Rover, D.T., Cheng, B., Wey, C.-L., & Mutka, M.W. (2000). Incorporating large-scale projects into a multidisciplinary approach to embedded systems. Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEE 2000), Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 105-108. Downloaded 3-26-06 from http://www.ineer.org/Events/ICEE2000/Proceedings/papers/WC1-3.pdf.[6] Spradley, J.P. (1979

Conference Session

Gender & Minority Issues in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

LaRuth McAfee, Case Western Reserve University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

://nsf.gov/statistics/wmpd/). Arlington, VA.2. United States Census Bureau, Annual Estimates of the Population by Sex, Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin for the United States: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006 (NC-EST2006-03, available at http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/NC-EST2006-srh.html). Washington, DC.3. National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Science Resources Statistics (2006). Science and Engineering Indicators (available at http://nsf.gov/statistics/seind06/). Arlington, VA (NSB 06-01).4. Bell, R. L., Blair, L. M., Lederman, N. G., & Crawford, B. A. (2003). Just Do It? Impact of a Science Apprenticeship Program on High School Students' Understanding of the Nature of Science and Scientific

Conference Session

Capstone Design I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Plumley, US Coast Guard Academy; William Palm, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; William Simpson, U.S. Coast Guard Academy

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

) É rr i 2 Ú Page 13.17.10and integrating it over the distance traveled we get the ‘buoyant energy’. ÇM g b E B ? Ð (rr 2i ) È can / y Ù dy (8) É rr i 2 0 ÚAssuming the can has a

Conference Session

Engineering in Middle Schools

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Schnittka, University of Virginia; Larry Richards, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Additionally, each teacher showed the interviewer examplesof student work and told stories about students and teams of students who had participated in theengineering design activities. All the interviews were audiotaped and transcribed for lateranalysis.Three student evaluation surveys were used in this study, one for each kit (Appendixes B, C, andD). The evaluation survey was originally designed by a student team of mechanical engineeringstudents at the University of Virginia in 2006 for a kit they developed on making headphonespeakers. The survey was modified for the kits in this study.Each survey consisted of 10 Likert-scale questions and three open-ended questions. The Likert-scale questions were about teamwork, the design process, content

Conference Session

Multinational and International Design

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Norton, LeTourneau University; Matthew Green, LeTourneau University; Paul Leiffer

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Table 5 Snapshot – Sample SpecificationsSpecification Description Target value1. Easy to carry Total weight of each component when broken down ≤ 50 lbs2. Output voltage Output voltage from generation system a) 120 VAC 60 Hz OR b) 12 VDC3. Average power The average power from the generation system >100W4. Min. stream velocity Minimum river velocity required to achieve average power 3 mph5. Min. stream depth Minimum operating depth required 2 ft6. Min. stream width