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A 6S Experience in a Manufacturing Facility

Conference Session: Manufacturing Materials and Processes
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Edward E. Osakue, Texas Southern University; Derrick Smith, Texas Southern University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

supported, can build a culture of continuous improvement. Other possible benefits fromactive 5S and safety program include a) improvement and speed-up in communications, b)enhanced clean work environment, c) improved quality of life, d) reduced errors, product Page 24.15.2defects, and accidents, e) improved teamwork, and f) maximized work time and resources. It is 1obvious that it is much easier to find tools and parts in a clean and well organized workplace.Similarly, it is much easier to spot emerging problems like fluid leaks, material spills, wearparticles, cracks in devices, etc., in a clean and

Relevance Score: 0.579508

Analyzing Porosity in Thermal Barrier Coatings: Edge Detection of Images Using MATLAB

Conference Session: Use of Technology for Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Derrick Robinson, Virginia State University; Pallant Ramsundar, Virginia State University; Chandan B Samantaray, Virginia State University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Chart The flow chart of the design and method is shown in Figure 3. Sign a = Control Control Image W = Test Test Image Compare Two Recognition Image filter Image Filter Images End b = Grayscale r = Grayscale c = correlation Conversion Conversion of b and r BW = Black/ BW = Black/ c1 = correlation White

Relevance Score: 0.4399577

Redesigning an Online Executive Master’s Class for a Large Number of Students

Conference Session: Program and Curriculum Design Initiatives
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

classes, a simulationgame was played in class. This idea stemmed from feedback from students whotook this class in the past. They wanted an opportunity to apply the knowledgegained from class to real life situation in a more fun way than doing a classproject. The simulation was a better way to have students acquire learning byapplying than by doing a group project. With the simulation game, the entire classhad an uniform experience and the faculty could control the concepts that studentsneed to be able to use. In a group project, this was not always possible becausewith the real world problem, the group and the faculty are not always sure of allthe concepts that will manifest in the project. B. Changes in CommunicationCommunication is key in

Relevance Score: 0.39845198

Teaching Ethics and Leadership with Cases: A Bottom-Up Approach

Conference Session: Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Ethics Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Daniel F. Jennings PE, Texas A&M University; Bimal P. Nepal, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Page 24.1163.2universities around the world as they are the ones who produce the next generation of businessleaders. Educators such as Bird and Sieber (2005) suggest that there are a number of reasons thatcan justify the teaching ethics to undergraduate (UG) engineering students and argue that thefollowing are the key reasons for necessity of teaching ethics at UG level: (a) many public policydecisions are based on scientific reasoning and findings; (b) engineers are also part of societyand they work to improve the lives of human beings; and (c) there could be huge personalinterest and “conflicting professional interests” in a number of projects in which an engineer isinvolved. Colby and Sullivan (2008), sponsored by the Carnegie Foundation

Relevance Score: 0.3540678

Partnering with Industry for Providing Experiential Learning in an Undergraduate Class in Industrial Distribution

Conference Session: Teaching and Assessment Methodologies
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Bimal P. Nepal, Texas A&M University; Barry Lawrence, Texas A&M University; Esther Rodriguez-Silva PhD, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

provides 2 to its customer in general, and a building materials distributor in particular. Note: some of this knowledge may already exist in TIP’s knowledgebase because of customer services consortium. What are the service selection criteria a distributor should use? Is a service type 3 dependent on the customer type? What strategies a distributor should follow to develop services? How should a distributor manage its service portfolio? a. Cost benefit analysis of services 4 b. Service mix strategy c. Tracking the service key performance indicators 5 What is service lifecycle in the context of a building materials distributor

Relevance Score: 0.34562454

Teaching Manufacturing with Group Cell Practices

Conference Session: Manufacturing Materials and Processes
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Wayne P. Hung, Texas A&M University; Adam Farmer, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

all of its advantages canbe applied in academics since students normally practice to fabricate similar components indifferent semesters. This new approach is proposed to replace the traditional manufacturinglaboratory practice. Group cells with different machines are utilized rather than havingduplicated of same machines. The objectives of this paper are to: a) Compare the Traditional and Group Cell approaches for university students, b) Presents an example of machining laboratory exercise.Literature ReviewHands-on laboratory practice is the key to effective learning. "I hear and I forget. I see and Iremember. I do and I understand" was preached by the famous teacher and philosopherConfucius (551–479 BCE) during Spring-Autumn period of

Relevance Score: 0.3335864

A New Educational Paradigm to Train Skilled Workers With Real World Practice

Conference Session: Teaching and Assessment Methodologies
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Juan Song, Alamo College
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

straight 8 hours/day, 5 days/week for 5 straight semesters.Figure 5 (a) shows a student weekly schedule and Figure 5(b) illustrates a whole schedule for atwo-year span. Students stay in college on Tuesday and Thursday from 7am to 5pm to strictlyfollow our developed curricula for each semester and work on the floor at Toyota on Monday,Wednesday and Friday. Every course for each semester is industry-driven and pre-selected for Page 24.77.7maximum preparation for advanced manufacturing. In addition, to ensure student engagement,student attendance is tracked daily and reported weekly by the engaged faculties. Absence/latearrivals/early departures are

Relevance Score: 0.2978806

Interdisciplinary Senior Design Project to Develop a Teaching Tool: Dragon Conductive 3-D Printer

Conference Session: Best Practices and Lessons Learned in Capstone Design Projects
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Tech.); Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.); Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng. & Eng. Tech.); Joshua Konstantinos
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

. Head numberone is dedicated to print a very strong ABS plastic material. The second print head would printwith a dissolvable support material –such as polyvinyl alcohol, a plastic that is dissolvable inwater. (a) (b)Figure 3. (a) Concept Sketch of the Ketos Pellet to Filament System (b) SolidWorks® renderingof Ketos Filament Extrusion SystemTwo additional print heads are also needed - one to print conductive plastic and another to print aslightly more resistive plastic so that resistors can be printed. The design team developed anovel two-motor multi-head system – currently patent pending – that will allow controlling anumber of print heads with only two motors (US Patent

Relevance Score: 0.29601854

A Longitudinal Study on the Effectiveness of the Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Program at Missouri University of Science and Technology

Conference Session: Program and Curriculum Design Initiatives
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Hong Sheng, Missouri University of Science and Technology ; Robert G. Landers, Missouri University of Science & Technology; Fang Liu; Thanh Nguyen, Missouri University of Science & Technology
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

represented “StronglyAgree”. Lower numbers indicated a negative view towards science; whereas, higher numbersindicated a positive view towards science. The students were asked a list of questions from three categories to measure their interestin science: general interest, career interest, and enjoyment which listed in Appendix B. All thestudents displayed some positive levels interest in science both before and after the program, Page 24.63.10with their average median scores of 4.484, 4.584, and 4.954 in the three interests in science,respectively (general interest, career, interest, and enjoyment). In the REU program’s end survey, a

Relevance Score: 0.23829192

Effectual Thinking: A Systematic Approach for Teaching Entrepreneurship as Part of a Design and Manufacture Lab

Conference Session: Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Ethics Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Sangarappillai Sivaloganathan, United Arab Emirates University; Rajesh Ganithi, UAE University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Paper ID #9883Effectual Thinking: A Systematic Approach for Teaching Entrepreneurshipas Part of Design and Manufacture LabDr. Sangarappillai Sivaloganathan, United Arab Emirates University Dr Sivaloganathan is an Associate Professor at the United Arab Emirates University and is the Program Director for the MSc in Engineering Management. He is an eminent researcher in Design Theory and Methodology and has published more than 70 papers in reputed journals and conferences. His research interests are Design Theory and Methodology, CAD and Applied FEA. He graduated from the University of Srilanka in 1976. After an year of post

Relevance Score: 0.20345822

A Statewide Initiative for Manufacturing Day in Florida

Conference Session: Program and Curriculum Design Initiatives
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Marilyn Barger P.E., FLATE (Florida Advanced Technological Education Center of Excellence); Richard Gilbert, University of South Florida; Marie A. Boyette, FLATE; Deshjuana Bagley
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

secondary and post-secondary Career and Technical Education programs; and provides a variety of professional development for STEM and techni- cal educators focused on advanced technologies. She earned a B.A. in Chemistry at Agnes Scott College and both a B.S. in Engineering Science and a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering (Environmental) from the Uni- versity of South Florida, where her research focused on membrane separation science and technologies for water purification. She has over 20 years of experience in developing curricula for engineering and engineering technology for elementary, middle, high school, and post secondary institutions, including colleges of engineering. Dr. Barger serves on several national panels and

Relevance Score: 0.20141336

Prototype Design of a Solar Greenhouse Incorporating Clean Energy Manufacturing Concept

Conference Session: Green and Sustainable Manufacturing Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Richard Chiou, Drexel University; Radian G Belu, Drexel University (Tech.); Tzu-Liang Bill Tseng, University of Texas, El Paso; M. Eric Carr, Drexel University; Bharadwaj Ramesh, Drexel University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Paper ID #10424Prototype Design of a Solar Greenhouse Incorporating Clean Energy Manu-facturing ConceptDr. Richard Chiou, Drexel UniversityDr. Radian G Belu, Drexel University (Tech.) Dr. Radian Belu is Assistant Professor within the Engineering Technology (ET) program - Drexel Uni- versity, Philadelphia, USA. He is holding a PHD in power engineering and the other in physics. Before joining to the Drexel University Dr. Belu hold faculty and research positions at universities and re- search institutes in Romania, Canada and United States. He also worked for several years in industry as project manager, senior engineer

Relevance Score: 0.17264003

An Investigation of Engineers’ Use of a Virtual Collaborative Environment for Automated Assembly System Design

Conference Session: Use of Technology for Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Paper ID #8514An Investigation of Engineers’ Use of a Virtual Collaborative Environmentfor Automated Assembly System DesignDr. Sheng-Jen ”Tony” Hsieh, Texas A&M University Dr. Sheng-Jen (”Tony”) Hsieh is Professor in the Dwight Look College of Engineering at Texas A&M University. He holds a joint appointment with the Department of Engineering Technology and the De- partment of Mechanical Engineering. His research interests include engineering education, cognitive task analysis, automation, robotics and control, intelligent manufacturing system design, and micro/nano manufacturing. He is also the Director of the

Relevance Score: 0.16898975

Leadership for Manufacturing and Manufacturing-Related Programs

Conference Session: Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Ethics Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Ronald J. Bennett F.ASEE, F.ABET P.E., University of St. Thomas; Niaz Latif, Purdue University Calumet (College of Technology); Aco Sikoski, Ivy Tech Community College; Steven Wendel, Sinclair Community College; Mohammad A. Zahraee, Purdue University Calumet (College of Technology)
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

-related educational programs could benefit from collaborative leadership development to strengthen programs to meet new accreditation criteria.The goal of this NSF leadership capacity building project is to provide leadership developmentbased on advancements reported in the current manufacturing and engineering educationliterature for (A) community college manufacturing faculty members, chairs, and related deansand (B) master teachers from high school high school pre-engineering programs. The PI, Co-PIs,and partners from across the country have designed the following project objectives: 1. To provide a comprehensive 100-hour leadership capacity building program for three cohorts of instructional leaders. 2

Relevance Score: 0.14444955

Developing Infrared Thermography as an Instructional Tool for Monitoring Energy Efficiency Issues in Micro-Manufacturing

Conference Session: Use of Technology for Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Richard Chiou, Drexel University ; Michael G Mauk P.E., Drexel University; Tzu-Liang Bill Tseng, University of Texas, El Paso; M. Eric Carr, Drexel University; Aurel Mathews
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

sideport hole diameters are selected tomake a snug, leak-tight fit. Using tubing interconnections, the liquids can be delivered to the fluidiccircuit with a pipette or a syringe, actuated either manually or with a programmable syringe pump. (a) (b) Figure 1: (a) SolidWorks desgin of chip and (b) fabricated chip in acrylicChip Design and ManufacturingThe microfluidic chips are fabricated as three layer laminates comprised of a middle layer that featuredthe fluidic circuit and top and bottom layers that enclosed it. The middle layer is designed inAutoCAD and then sent to a prototyping machine. It can be prototyped using several differentmethods but in this case a

Relevance Score: 0.03625011

Integrating the Energy Efficiency and Assessment Components into Manufacturing

Conference Session: Green and Sustainable Manufacturing Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Ismail Fidan, Tennessee Technological University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

settings.AcknowledgementsThese projects are being funded by the Tennessee Tech University-Office of Research andURECA! (Undergraduate REsearch and Creative Activity) Program. The support provided byelectrical engineering graduate student (Kenan Hatipoglu) and engineering technologyundergraduate student (Kendal Lewis) is greatly appreciated. Page 24.780.9Bibliography[1] B. M. Oliver, J. R. Wagner, Renewable Energy Education at Clemson University - A Certification Program with Solar, Wind & Electrical Grid Classes, 2013 ASEE Conferences, Paper Number 6257, June 23-26, 2013.[2] R. Belu, D. Korain, Development of An E-Learning System and A Virtual

Relevance Score: 0.032087393

Interdisciplinary Capstone Projects

Conference Session: Best Practices and Lessons Learned in Capstone Design Projects
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

employing multiple projects anddifferent project types is challenging, but maintains student interest during the course since thestudents are working on something they are interested in. This is confirmed by the studentfeedback, and successful project results from most of the projects. Spring 2014 semester is notcomplete. However, student performance from the previous two semesters can be reported andwere excellent. In Spring 2013, Out of the 29 who took the course, 25 students (86%) receivedthe letter grade “A” while the remaining (14%) students earned “A-“ as shown in Figure 6. Asimilar pattern occurred in Fall 2013 as shown in Figure 7. Out of the 37 who took the course, 31(82%) students received “A”, 4 students (10%) “A-“, 2 students (5%) “B

Relevance Score: 0.031022873

Fusing Green Energy into Manufacturing Engineering Education to Cultivate Technical Success

Conference Session: Green and Sustainable Manufacturing Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Tzu-Liang Bill Tseng, University of Texas, El Paso; Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng. & Eng. Tech.); Paras Mandal, University of Texas, El Paso; Eric D Smith, University of Texas, El Paso; Radian G Belu, Drexel University (Tech.); Oscar H. Salcedo, University of Texas, El Paso
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

evaluation scale consisted of 15 separate itemsthat addressed the particular aspects of the four symposium’s workshops, see Appendix A. Inorder to assess the utility of each workshop four content-based or “knowledge-based” tests weredeveloped for each workshop presentation addressing the key concepts delivered by the Page 24.635.7workshop presenters. A pre-test and a post-test research design were implemented to assess theamount of information acquired by the workshops’ participants. Appendix B presents these testsfor each of the delivered workshops.Data Analyses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to address both the qualityof

Relevance Score: 0.029652627

Industry-Based Senior Projects and the Four Pillars of Manufacturing Engineering

Conference Session: Best Practices and Lessons Learned in Capstone Design Projects
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Christopher P. Pung, Grand Valley State University; Hugh Jack, Grand Valley State University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

, Statistics Presentation Skills, Lifelong Learning, Knowledge Page 24.741.7Figure 5 The Four Pillars Content of the Pump Tester Project (highlighted in yellow)Mapping ABET Criteria to the Four PillarsThe ABET criteria for manufacturing engineering programs are listed, with the l, m, n, and o criteriaadded for the program at GVSU. Some of these criteria are addressed extensively with the standardacademic course work, for example a, b, c, e, g, and k. Other topics are more difficult to address in anengineering curriculum, for example d, f, h, i, and j. A. an ability to apply knowledge of

Relevance Score: 0.028871316

NKU-Mazak Corp. Joint Senior Project Program

Conference Session: Best Practices and Lessons Learned in Capstone Design Projects
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Morteza Sadat-Hossieny, Northern Kentucky University; Mauricio Torres, Northern Kentucky University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

through an engineering technology educationconsistent with industry expectations.References[1] B. Pourabdollahiana, M. Taischa and E. Kergaa, "Serious Games in Manufacturing Education: Evaluation of Learners' Engagement," Procedia Computer Science, pp. 256-265, 2012.[2] Sadat-Hossieny and J. R. Gray, "Certificate Program Summary," in Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration, 2002.[3] R. H. Todd, C. D. Sorensen and S. P. Magleby, "Designing a Senior Capstone Course to Satisfy Industrial Customers," Journal of Engineering Education, pp. 92-100, 1993.[4] J. Dewey, Experience and Education, New York: Collier Books, 1963.[5] C. Manolis, D. J. Burns, R. Assudani and R. Chinta, "Assessing experiential learning styles: A

Relevance Score: 0.028677909

Using the Four Pillars of Manufacturing Engineering Model to Assess Curricular Content for Accreditation Purposes

Conference Session: Teaching and Assessment Methodologies
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Chris Plouff, Grand Valley State University; Christopher P. Pung P.E., Grand Valley State University; Hugh Jack, Grand Valley State University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

-specific (identified as criteria l-p in Table 1) and the general (ABET-specified a-k) criteria. Thespecific criteria for manufacturing programs are written as: Program Outcome Criteria for Manufacturing and Similarly Named Programs10 The program must prepare graduates to have proficiency in (a) materials and manufacturing processes: ability to design manufacturing processes that result in products that meet specific material and other requirements; (b) process, assembly and product engineering: ability to design products and the equipment, tooling, and environment necessary for their manufacture; (c) manufacturing competitiveness: ability to create

Relevance Score: 0.028676318

Freshmen Engineering Course in an Oil & Gas University

Conference Session: Program and Curriculum Design Initiatives
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Jaby Mohammed, The Petroleum Institute
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

a notepad, which is to be used as student journal for this class. In the journal, students need to keep: a. All notes taken in class b. All field trip reflections c. Time management calendar and reflections d. Questions, issues, or perspectives you gained from the readings and would like to raise in class e. Current event article link and paragraph f. Reflections on what you gained from your FYE activities. g. These journals will be collected twice during the semester for feedback. The final h. Journal must be submitted to your instructor at the scheduled time of the final exam.Themes There are mainly five themes

Relevance Score: 0.02835446

Utilizing Rep-Rap Machines in the Engineering Curriculum

Conference Session: Manufacturing Materials and Processes
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University; Selin Frances Sirinterlikci, Carnegie Mellon University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

developing a low cost3D printing laboratory that is accessible, as well as improving each machine by adding limitswitches to them. Changes to the outcomes assessment will be also be carried out as definedearlier in this paper.References[1] RepRap. “Welcome to RepRap.Org” http://reprap.org/wiki/Main_Page. Accessed April 10, 2013.[2] Wikipedia. “RepRap Project” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RepRap_Project Accessed April 10, 2013.[3] Thingisverse.“MendelMax Thingiverse” http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:20355 Accessed April 10, 2013.[4] MendelMax. “Recommended Software” http://www.mendelmax.com/wiki/recommended-software/. Accesed April 10, 2013.[5] Winning NAMII Proposal to AFRL[6] Sirinterlikci, A., Badger, P., Yarmeak, G., Mura, C.J., Jasenak, B

Relevance Score: 0.027963083

Design of Laboratory Apparatus for Temperature Prediction in Turning Process

Conference Session: Use of Technology for Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Zhenhua Wu, Virginia State University; Nasser Ghariban, Virginia State University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Labview interface Personal Computer (a) (b) Figure 1. Embedded thermocouple technique for temperature measuring, (a) schematic and (b) cutting insert cutting tool with thermocouple Page 24.371.3 Figure 2 Experiment setup for measuring temperature rising in turning processes with embedded thermocoupleFinally, the whole experiment setup is illustrated as Figure 2: the lathe (to the left), thermocouple (copper wiresattached to the cutting tool), DAQ (white box in the middle

Relevance Score: 0.027806167

Enabling Multidisciplinary Perspective in Student Design Project: Fast Fashion and Sustainable Manufacturing Systems

Conference Session: Green and Sustainable Manufacturing Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University; Manveer Mann; Petros J Katsioloudis, Old Dominion University; Daniel L. Dickerson, Old Dominion University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

Leading Apparel Specialty Retailers’ CSR Practices as Communicated on Corporate Websites: Problems and Opportunities. Journal of Business Ethics, 2013: p. 1-24.9. Brito, M.P.d., V. Carbone, and C.M. Blanquart, Towards a sustainable fashion retail supply chain in Europe: Organisation and performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 2008. 114(2): p. 534-553.10. Nagurney, A. and M. Yu, Sustainable fashion supply chain management under oligopolistic competition and brand differentiation. International Journal of Production Economics, 2012. 135(2): p. 532-540.11. Wiengarten, F., M. Pagell, and B. Fynes, Supply chain environmental investments in dynamic industries: Comparing investment and performance

Relevance Score: 0.02569676

Enhancing Manufacturing Process Education via Computer Simulation and Visualization

Conference Session: Use of Technology for Education
Collection: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors: Priya Manohar, Robert Morris University; Sushil Acharya, Robert Morris University; Peter Y Wu, Robert Morris University
Tagged Divisions: Manufacturing

, Frontiers in Process Modeling Symposium, New Orleans, March 9 – 13, 2008. 5. Greene, A. (1996). Decision-Support Tools Provide Competitive Edge. Managing Automation, March 1996, p.8. 6. McIlvaine, B. (1996). Planning and Scheduling Gets the Job Done. Managing Automation, August 1996, pp.24-26. 7. Wu, P.Y. (1999) Visual Capacity Modeling for Interactive Production Planning, Proceedings of the Computer Technology Solutions Conference (CTSC’99), Detroit, Michigan, published by the American Society of Manufacturing Engineers. 8. Takahashi, K. (2008) Increase Profits with a Production Planning Scheduler. Retrieved September 2013 from http://www.lean-manufacturing-japan.com/advanced-planning-scheduling. 9