Conference Session

Construction Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ifte Choudhury, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

havebeen lumped together as the dependent variable. This probably has resulted in a predictiveefficacy of the model which is not very high. This factor should be taken into account forfuture studies.Cooling degree days were also assumed to have a direct relationship with energyconsumption in this study. But surprisingly, the results of the study did not indicate anysuch correlation. One of the reasons maybe the lack of discrimination between weather-related and base energy consumption. The presence of LOCATION as an independentvariable may also have affected the outcome; cooling degree days for the different climaticzones may not have quantitatively reflected the zone locations. This factor is also requiredto be investigated in future research

Conference Session

Impacts on K-12 Student Identity, Career Choice, and Perceptions of Engineers

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerrie A Douglas, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Brittany Paige Mihalec-Adkins; Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

material are thoseof the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.Bibliography1 American Association of Engineering Societies (AAES). 2005. Diversity. Available online at: http://www.aaes.org/diversity/index.asp.2 American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). 2005. ASEE Statement: Diversity. Available online at: http://www.asee.org/about/statementDiversity.cfm.3 Beede, D., Julian, T., Langdon, D., McKittrick, G., Khan, B., & Doms, M. 2011. Women in stem: A gender gap to innovation. U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration. Available online at: http://www.esa.doc.gov/Reports/women-stem-gender-gap-innovation4 National Science Foundation, National

Conference Session

Thermodynamics, Fluids, and Heat Transfer I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natasha Smith P.E., University of Southern Indiana; Brandon S. Field, University of Southern Indiana

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

felt that the instructor’soffer to provide additional stickers to students who performed well on one of the quizzes was usingthe stickers unfairly as a reward. Six students specifically mentioned appreciation for the guidedproblem sets, and two others felt there should be more of them. Finally, two students positivelyindicated that the poster was helpful. Overall, the comments reflected an appreciation for the intentof the tools to improve problem solving. Page 24.238.8ConclusionsIn summary, the struggles of students with understanding thermodynamic principles are well docu-mented. This has a marked effect on their development as problem

Conference Session

CPD Technical Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Soma Chakrabarti, University of Kansas; Kevin Curry, University of Kansas; Zachary Gredlics, University of Kansas

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

team teaching requires good communication and coordinationbetween the two instructors. More recently, the program schedule and content have been alteredto reflect the timeline of a typical construction project. The classes now follow the projectlifecycle: from selling, to contracting, to financing, to executing.During this eight-year partnership, there have also been changes in technology and related Page 24.245.6delivery. From the beginning the classes have been recorded so that attendees who are notavailable for the live session can still participate. In addition, since the program’s inception,attendees from remote offices have participated in

Conference Session

Summer and Cohort Programs for Minorities: Student Success

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darryl Dickerson, Purdue University; Freddy Solis, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Virginia Booth Womack, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Tasha Zephirin, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carol S. Stwalley, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

suggests that influences beyond pre-college academic preparation and innate ability play a role in URM student success. Theseinfluences may include: academic isolation, social isolation, cultural isolation, negativestereotypes associated with ethnic identity, motivational vulnerability, financial insecurity, anddiscrimination [1, 2, 3, 4]. The academic, social and cultural isolation experienced by URMstudents reflects ineffective transition. While the transition from high school to college posesrisks for all students, there is significant evidence indicating that URM students who areotherwise academically prepared are particularly at risk at this leverage point [5, 6, 7].Historically, summer bridge programs were used to boost the scholastic skills

Conference Session

FPD 11: Culminating Considerations

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John A. Mirth, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; John P Iselin, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

topicsrelated to blower design. The housing features of the commercial design shown in Fig. 3 arehighlighted and explained. These features include the 1) volute, 2) diffuser and 3) throat. Thesefeatures are examined after initial design development to allow students to reflect on whether ornot they have thought about the effect of the fluid flow features in their initial design concept.Teams seldom incorporate all three of these features in their initial design, and many of them donot include any of the features.Since the blower is a dynamic machine it requires a conversion from kinetic energy to internalenergy in the form of increased pressure. The diverging volute allows this deceleration andcommensurate pressure rise to occur. The diffuser is a

Conference Session

Beyond Students: Issues of Underrepresentation among Parents and Professionals

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Hofacker PE, US Army

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

. government engineering workforce reflects this samedemographic15.The population of engineers in the U.S. workforce in 2008 was 1,582,00015. Whites, along withAsians, are overrepresented in engineering when compared to their proportion of the generalU.S. population14,15. Blacks and non-white Hispanics are underrepresented14,15,16,17, and theirprogress towards appropriate—equal to their percentage of the general population—representation in the engineering field has been largely unchanged over the last 30 years15. Forexample, the percentage that black engineers make up in the workforce has remained steady atapproximately 5% since the 1970s8,15 and the total number of black engineers in the U.S. wasonly 49,000 in 200815. Government black engineers make

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen D Alfrey, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Stephen Hundley, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Terri L. Talbert-Hatch, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; David J. Russomanno, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

emerging leadership-oriented topic of interest to engineering students. April Industry Engagement Field Trip, a 2-3 hour site visit with a local organization representing one of the 6 engineering disciplines in the school; this event will be held with the support of DIAC member organizations. May End of year wrap-up, reflection, and celebration meeting, and a preview of summer Page 24.275.3 electronic mentoring and cohort assignments and facilitation activities.Over the summer, CLEAR Scholars remain in contact and receive electronic mentoring via emailand the campus’s online

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kaitlin Litchfield, University of Colorado, Boulder; Amy Javernick-Will, University of Colorado, Boulder; Cathy Leslie P.E., Engineers Without Borders - USA

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, andconclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References1. United Nations. United Nations Millennium Development Goals [Internet]. Millennium Goals. 2013 [cited 2013 Oct 2]. Available from: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2. National Academy of Engineering. News from the National Academies [Internet]. National Academies. 2008 [cited 2013 Oct 7]. Available from: http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.3. Duderstadt JJ. Engineering for a Changing World: A Roadmap to the Future of Engineering Practice, Research

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Senay Purzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Kathryn Jablokow, Pennsylvania State University; Daniel Michael Ferguson, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University and Central Queensland University; Jessica Menold, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

supported by the National Science Foundation EngineeringEducation Program under Grants #1264769 and #1264901. Any opinions, findings, conclusions,or recommendations expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect theviews of the National Science Foundation. Page 24.284.7 5References1 National Science Board (2007). A National Action Plan for Addressing the Critical Needs of the U.S. Science,Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education System, Arlington, VA, National Science Foundation,http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/documents/2007

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kamarza Mulia, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia; Elsa Krisanti, Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

, indicating that more than half of the Page 24.291.6students' assessment were in agreement with those of the instructor. Although this percentageis moderate, it is an indication that the assessment skills of students are improving. Weconsider this to be a significant.The average score obtained from the students' reflective journals was 4.6. This average classscore was obtained not from actual presentations, but from the self-assessment part of thejournal. The low value of the self-assessed presentation skills score obtained at the end of thesemester is similar to the peer-assessed score of 4.7 at the beginning of the semester. Thisresult indicates that

Conference Session

New Teaching Pedagogies: Methods and Assessments

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Cavalli, University of North Dakota; Jeremiah J. Neubert, University of North Dakota; Dustin McNally, University of North Dakota; Debbie Jacklitch-Kuiken

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics

to differences in student population (anecdotally,at-a-distance students have family commitments and a full-time job). Additionally, when there isnot a specific class time, students must have exceptional time management skills or they quicklyfall behind. This conclusion is supported by historical completion rates of approximately 65%. Table 2: The grade distribution of ME 101. The first column reflects the percentage of students that do not have to retake the course, students that obtained an A, B, or C. The second column contains the percentage of students that took the final exam, but must retake the course. The final column indicated the percentage of students that withdrew or stopped participating in the course prior to

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ishbah Cox, Purdue University, Band and Orchestra Department; Monica Farmer Cox, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Libraries and the Writing Center. Speakersalso included professors within the Band and Orchestra department, professors within theCollege of Engineering, a campus historian, a Resume’ writing workshop, and upper-level students within engineering who were musicians within the department.Students were required to attend a minimum of two different types of live on-campusmusical performances that differed from the primary ensemble in which they wereinvolved, and to reflect on those attended live performances. For example, if a studentwas involved with the orchestra, he would be required to attend a performance by a windband or jazz band in the department. Students also had the opportunity to exploreleadership and service opportunities informally and

Conference Session

Engineering Management Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin William Weiser, Eastern Washington University; Hani Serhal Saad, Eastern Washington University; Kyle Frederick Larsen P.E., Eastern Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

reflect our efforts inkeeping both technical learning and skill acquisition on track in project courses5. To be effectivein teaching project skills and keep the project on track we must properly identify the learningobjectives to the student, improve achievement of those learning objectives and communicateassignment requirements.In using projects to teach engineering design, the instructor faces the question of how to structurethe process to insure an effective learning environment without compromising the independenceand open-ended nature of the student’s experience6. The learning from the project managementshould address these issues: 1) a milestone schedule, 2) regular project review meetings andmemos and 3) design memos which document each

Conference Session

Trends in Engineering Education 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Flora P. McMartin, Broad-based Knowledge, LLC; Sarah Holsted, Broad-based Knowledge; Joshua Morrill, Morrill Solutions Research (MSR); Joseph G. Tront, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

, etc.)Financial support 11 18Special campus level teaching and technology award 7 0Invited to lead seminar or workshop 4 2Award from Teaching & Learning Academy or 4 4CenterSee questions about Use of Courseware NA 9 Page 24.312.6  The survey separated the use of courseware in teaching and learning from its creation. Thischoice reflected the

Conference Session

Embedded Systems and Mobile Computing

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cory Brozina, Virginia Tech; David B. Knight, Virginia Tech Department of Engineering Education

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

, the graduate student wasable to take MOOC courses for credit and most likely learn material that would have otherwisebeen unavailable on campus. The weekly meeting with his faculty advisor required the studentto summarize and distill information from the MOOCs as well as reflect upon the educationaldelivery mechanism’s effectiveness. From this experience, the student also determined that therecan be a variety in quality and level of rigor with each MOOC; thus, he would recommend thatmultiple MOOCs be included in a course plan to increase the likelihood that valuable learningcan take place across courses. For example, though the E-Learning and Digital Cultures courseappeared rigorous in the description, the actual execution of the course was

Conference Session

Nuclear and Radiological Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Masoud Naghedolfeizi, Fort Valley State University; Sanjeev Arora, Fort Valley State University; Nabil A. Yousif, Fort Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Nuclear and Radiological

student enrollment for the minor programsignificantly increases during the second and third year of the project with aggressiverecruitment and better planning for course scheduling.AcknowledgementThe authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the support of Nuclear RegulatoryCommission (NRC) for funding this project at Fort Valley State University. The comments,opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do notnecessarily reflect the views of NRC.References1 http://www.nei.org/Master-Document-Folder/Backgrounders/Fact-Sheets/Nuclear-Industry-s-Comprehensive- Approach-Develops2 http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/tech-careers/the-aging-nuclear-workforce3 http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/grants.html4 http

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anca L. Sala, Baker College, Flint

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References1. “Lighting the Path to a Competitive, Secure Future, A White Paper by the National Photonics Initiative, May 23,2013”,http://www.lightourfuture.org/files/8213/6943/4583/Lighting_the_Path_to_a_Competitive_Secure_Future_052413.pdf, accessed on Oct. 15, 20132. “Industry Demand for Two-Year College Graduates in Optics and Photonics Technology, A 2012 Industry Surveyof Current and Future Demand for Two-Year Degreed Photonics Technicians”,http://www.op-tec.org/2012survey.php, accessed on Oct. 15, 20133. National Science Foundation Advanced Technological Education program,http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5464, accessed on Jan. 2, 20144. “Optics and

Conference Session

ECE Program Development

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hui Zhong, Shandong University/Gannon University; Lin Zhao, Gannon University; Yuzhe Zhang

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

arrangement has also yield competitive job offers for many students.These five practice courses are linked with each other and provide students with experience atdifferent level. Although it means a lot of planning work for the instructor and the department,rewarding results are the drive to keep these courses alive and thrive.IV. Discussion and ConclusionsChinese industries expect engineering graduates to have the current know-how to solveimmediate problems. This expectation is generally reflected in university curricula in whichthere are a tendency to teach as many courses as possible in the core subject. As a result, the totalcredit-hour requirement is considerably higher than that of U.S. universities. One of the results ofsqueezing too

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barry Dupen, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Page 24.676.3sections comprised one class of 26 students in Spring 2013, and two classes of 12 and 23students each in Fall 2013. Multiplying 61 students by 15 book chapters results in 915 possibleresponses. The actual number of useful responses was lower because not every homeworkassignment was submitted, not every student answered the improvement question, and not everyanswer was useful. The percentages in Figure 1 reflect only the submitted homeworkassignments. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% Portion of Useful response submitted 50% homework

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Masud Salimian, Morgan State University; Yaseen Mahmud, Morgan State University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

class. At the minimum, the portfolio was a compilation of all the work student had done in the class including practice presentations, homework assignments and tests for each topic. Additionally each student was required to perform analysis of what they have done wrong in each test that they had not passed and ways to correct them for further topics. Finally, each portfolio had to contain a reflective self-assessment of student’s performance in the class and what he/she considers to be a justified grade for that performance in lieu of the class grading policy in the syllabus. Students were also encouraged to include the evidence of their participation in community of learning and their own

Conference Session

FPD 2: Building Community

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mangilal Agarwal, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Maher E. Rizkalla, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; Sudhir Shrestha; Kody Varahramyan, IUPUI

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

(Introduction to Engineering, Introduction toEngineering Profession, and Fundamentals of Speech Communication). TLC faculty membersclosely worked with each other to coordinate teaching and learning efforts that reflect the goalsof the developed nanotechnology track.This paper presents the components of the developed and implemented TLC program includingdetails of the courses and assessment data, showing the impact on freshman engineering studentsin nanotechnology education. Comparative assessment data show, 20% higher freshmanretention in the TLC cohort than the traditional group, which highlights the impact of the TLCprogram on freshman engineering students in nanotechnology education. Data also shows thatthe TLC (three courses) has guided over 75% of

Conference Session

Innovative Graphics Instruction

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lulu Sun, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

respond to conceptual questions13. Students were given either an incomplete or incorrectsolution, they then formed pairs, discussed their answers, and presented their understanding byusing an interactive SMART Podium to the whole class. The quick feedback greatly aided theinstructor in helping students address a given misconception. Peer instruction promoted thecollaboration, conceptual understanding, and problem-solving skills. Concept testIn this method, the lectures were punctuated by multiple-choice conceptual questions to teststudent understanding of the material. Often the distracters (incorrect responses) reflect commonstudent misconceptions14. Previous research has found that students attention spans duringlectures is typically fifteen

Conference Session

Teaching Statics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Orval Powell, USAF Academy; Michael Richards, U.S. Air Force Academy; Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Nicholas Matthew Brown, United States Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

was more a reflection of the fact that despite use of the softwarethey did not earn the grade they desired. An additional possible explanation is that somestudents may have seen value in the use of the software, but since they did not personally use it,for them, it was not helpful. It is also reasonable to suppose that the wording of the questions ledto the apparent contradiction. By answering question 6 in the negative, students could simply beindicating that the software was not helpful in understanding the equations because they already Page 24.733.7understood the

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Andrew Smith P.Eng., Ryerson University

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

basic instrumentation systems, including both analog anddigital aspects. The laboratory component focuses on the development of a microcontroller-based instrumentation system that can provide readings to a PC and an onboard LCD fromswitches, accelerometers and load cells.The course is heavily-focused on hands-on work in the laboratory. From student feedback in2009 and 2010 it became apparent that there was a mismatch between the theoretical backgroundprovided in class and the practical work being undertaken in the laboratory. This is reflective of Page 24.739.3the general approach taken in Engineering classes. Engineering instructors are

Conference Session

The Interdisciplinary Nature of Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehmet Vurkaç, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society, Multidisciplinary Engineering

, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture conference:“Crystallizing Topology in Molecular Visualizations [14].Similarly applicable to engineering careers, Albert’s reason 3 is that “the preparation for ascientific career one receives in graduate school leaves the individual competitive for a [brief]period only” and that “[t]he study of humanities … rewards the student with the skills needed forself-critical reflection, adaptability, and self-teaching … needed to be an independent learner”[11]. Reason 4 is teamwork and communication. Reasons 8 and 10 link science and technology,along with another component of the SMR course that has not received much attention in thepresent paper thus far: Medicine. Albert points out that “Humanities study helps you

Conference Session

Construction Safety and Risk Management

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jing Du, University of Texas at San Antonio; Yilmaz Hatipkarasulu, University of Texas at San Antonio; Rui Liu, The University of Texas at San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Construction

part of the model fixed, and only repeat the process describedabove on the affected part of the model. The final results will be synthesized to reflect the changein state of the model.Fig 3 demonstrates the user interface of RISK. The major components include the user input area(Area A) and the result demonstration area (Area B). In addition, the heat map of risk analysiscan be shown in Area C, which locates risk items in different sections according to the likelihoodand impacts. Risk items can also be ranked in RISK based on the overall impacts on the project(Area D). Page 24.795.6

Conference Session

Research in Biomedical Pedagogy

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Renata Fortuna Ramos, Rice University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

physiology laboratory course.Introduction to Active Learning TechniquesActive learning is characterized by the introduction of instructional activities that engagestudents in their own learning process1. A wide variety of instructional methodologies fall withinthe active learning category as long as they provide the students with “opportunities tomeaningfully talk, listen, write, read and reflect on the content, ideas, issue, and concerns of anacademic subject” 2. Some of these activities, such as collaborative learning and peer-teachinghave shown to improve not only content knowledge but also student engagement when comparedto traditional lecture courses3-5

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-College Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Marisa Exter, Purdue University; Monica E. Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Todd P. Shuba, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Ji Hyun Yu, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Mindy Hart, EPICS; William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

-school 21ParticipantsOf the 45 who completed the questionnaire, 93% are high-school students, 7% are from middle-school, and 49% have had previous experience in EPICS. 60% are female, reflecting two all-girls Page 24.826.3schools. The group as a whole have well-educated parents, with the highest level of educationcompleted of a parent or guardian was a graduate degree for 51% and a college degree of sometype for 27% of the students. However, half of public school students indicated either that theirparents had not completed any college or that they did not know what level their parents hadcompleted. Sixty percent are white, 20% African

Conference Session

Renewable Energy in Classroom

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Muhittin Yilmaz, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Naren Reddy Dhansri, TAMUK

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

real wind speed values at whichthe wind turbine motor shaft rotates. The given wind speed will be the reference speed to themotor system, i.e., the presumed wind speed will be converted to a reference voltage to drive themotor. The presumed wind turbine PMDC generator is connected to the presumed wind turbinemotor, rotating at the same speed and generating corresponding voltage values. The teams weregiven the following concept questions during the actual laboratory and were asked to include thecorresponding answers in their technical laboratory report: Q) Investigate the wind turbine mathematical equations, explain the variables affecting the power & voltage generation, and introduce another parameter to reflect real-life