Conference Session

Solid and Structural Mechanics in Aerospace Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waterloo Tsutsui, Purdue University - West Lafayette; Michael C. Loui, Purdue University - West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

theoretical background and technical details aboutthe assigned homework problems, knowledge beyond the original context of the problems, andalternative approaches to solve the problems. In this study, we investigated the effect of thesupervised homework sessions on students’ homework and exam scores. We found that thesupervised homework sessions had the most influence on the homework scores of the studentswith low native ability. Also, as the byproduct of the study, we investigated the effect of theScholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)-Math scores on students’ academic performance. We found thatthe SAT-Math score was not correlated with the exam score. In order for us to rigorously studythe effect of student attributes (independent variables) on the

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin James Brennan, University of Texas, Austin; Adam Wayne Nokes, The University of Texas at Austin; Wallace T. Fowler P.E., University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Paper ID #7481Using a Graduate Student Developed Trajectory Generation Program to Fa-cilitate Undergraduate Spacecraft / Mission Capstone Design ProjectsMr. Martin James Brennan, University of Texas, Austin Martin James Brennan developed a passion for Science and Mathematics at Mississippi State University (MSU), where he met his wife Holly. In December 2008, he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering with an emphasis in Astrodynamics, a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics, and a minor in Mathematics. He began his graduate career in Aerospace Engineering with a focus in Orbital Mechanics in

Conference Session

Topics Related to Assessments and Outcomes

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Frederick, Mechanical and Aeropace Engineering; Rebekah Frederick, Homewood Academy for Girls

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH)1 and Ecole Superieuredes Techniques Aeronautiques et de Construction (ESTACA) a college in France.2 Theobjective of the course is to integrate the technical skills learned at the undergraduate level in adesign project. The actual project is a “nesting” of several classes. The core students come fromthe senior-level Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering design classes. The students aregrouped into multi-disciplinary teams that also can include electrical, computer, or industrialengineers and English students.3 Each team member has a designated technical/support role onthe team. This allowed individual members to understand their responsibilities, receive trainingin their area, and gain focused access to

Conference Session

Undergraduate Aerospace Design – General Topics

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. Christopher Cotting, Virginia Tech; Leigh McCue, Virginia Tech; Wayne Durham, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

communicated tothe students. With added laboratory time more emphasis will be placed on pre and post flighttest briefings, adding more emphasis on test requirements directly before and after each test.Revisions to Specific TestsLab 1:For the first flight test lab, a stronger emphasis will be made on atmospheric effects on basicaircraft performance. Principles relating to basic atmospheric parameters and how they varywith altitude will be reviewed with the class. Students will be required to submit source codefrom basic tools that they will generate for use throughout the semester. These tools will includefunctions to access the course supplied atmosphere model, conversion from equivalent airspeedto calibrated airspeed and vice versa, and the

Conference Session

Aerospace Workspace: Current and Future 2

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michele Dischino, Central Connecticut State University; Nidal Al-Masoud, Central Connecticut State University; Peter Baumann, Central Connecticut State University; Zdzislaw Kremens, Central Connecticut State University; Viatcheslav Naoumov, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

10 # of Students 10 8 8 7 6 4 2 2 1 0 0 Racial & Ethnic Distribution Gender Distribution  Figure 2. Race/ethnicity and gender distribution of Go For Aerospace! participants.Orientation SemesterThe selected 30 high-school juniors will participate in four spring sessions shown in Figure 3.The aim of this phase of the GFA project is to acquaint the prospective students with the basics

Conference Session

Undergraduate Space Design and Project Courses

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sven Bilen, Pennsylvania State University; Brian Schratz, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

AC 2008-1435: THE PENN STATE STUDENT SPACE PROGRAMS LAB:TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF SPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERSSven Bilen, Pennsylvania State University SVEN G. BILÉN is an Associate Professor of Engineering Design, Electrical Engineering, and Aerospace Engineering at Penn State. He is the Chief Technologist for Penn State's Center for Space Research Programs and Director of the Student Space Programs Lab. He is member of IEEE, AIAA, AGU, ASEE, URSI, and Sigma Xi.Brian Schratz, Pennsylvania State University BRIAN SCHRATZ graduated with a B.S in electrical engineering from The Pennsylvania State University in 2006 and is now pursuing an M.S. in electrical engineering at Penn State as a

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael John Hargather, New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology; Shannon Hussan; Timothy W Jacomb-Hood, The Pennsylvania State University; Zachary Francis, Penn State University; Carly Seneca; Martha Quinlin; Raveen Fernando

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

sizes that most laboratories are limited to. One potential solution to enhancingstudent learning in the traditional classroom environment is to incorporate take-homeexperiments as part of individual classes as homework assignments or projects. Take-home experiments used as engineering course assignments are not a new idea, but theyare also not widely used. Some early work on take-home experiments included the work byBedard and Meyer 1 who developed two experiments investigating viscous properties of fluids.Scott 2 developed two fluid-statics experiments that were part of a laboratory class, but were Page 23.610.2assigned as take home

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth W. Van Treuren, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

and accomplish theperformance equations worksheet in the spreadsheet.Assessment The students accomplished an assessment of the course and a summary of the results follows.Twenty-two out of 36 students returned the survey. Most students indicated they selected thecourse because of their interest in aircraft and a desire to work in the aerospace field. The surveyaddressed three areas of the course: general questions on the course, the two introductory lessons,and the Jigsaw projects. Table 1 shows the general questions and the average for each question.Scale was 1-5 with 5 being the highest score meaning “Agree.” From the scores, for the mostpart, students were pleased with the topics and projects in the course. It was clear that studentsdid

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gene L. Harding, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

technology can provide a strong basis formotivating student interest in a course. Such a course, if based on military applications oftechnology, can also impart beneficial background to graduates who pursue careers in thedefense industry. Moreover, many of the topics are generally applicable, so even students whonever enter the defense sector can profit substantially from the experience.Electronic warfare (EW) is an activity the military uses in virtually all military operations. EWis using the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum for advantage, preserving its use for friendly forces, Page 24.176.2and preventing the enemy from doing the same.1 The

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sidaard Gunasekaran, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

aerodynamicssuch as golf drivers, speed chutes, sailboats, golf ball, propellers, drones, delta wings, airplanes, etc.(goo.gl/1vJwGF). Coupled with an assessment technique where the students are required to integratehomework, projects, activities, lectures and independent studies on a single platform (portfolio), themodel promotes sustainable learning (long-term learning), communication skills, technical skills andcritical thinking skills in a way that a conventional lecture-based model wouldn’t. Multiple Likertscale assessments of the modules and qualitative feedback from the students will be shared in thispaper along with homework assignments and projects.1. Introduction At the University of Dayton, the subject of Aerodynamics is taught as a

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Flaten, MN Space Grant / Univ. of Minnesota

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Spaceflight with Ballooning.1. The potential of using balloons to loft weather sensors into the upper atmosphere can be motivated in as little as a 1-hour session with groups ranging from college age to elementary school children (as young as 2nd grade) using Morse-code-transmitting Anasonde 3M radio kits15 lofted by 3-ft-diameter paddle balloons. Non-flight kits were modified to snap together so they can be built over and over with different groups of students.2. Extra-curricular weather ballooning constitutes the bulk of the MnSGCs ballooning program, with over 60 missions flown to date. (Note – There have only been four freshman seminar balloon flights.) The MnSGC has funded an extra-curricular Ballooning Team at the U of MN every

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Devin Turner, Marquette University; Mark Nagurka, Marquette University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

, asdepicted in Figure 1. When the lift generated by the helicopter main rotors is greater than theweight, flight is achieved. Once airborne, the helicopter main rotors produce thrust, which (ifgreater than the drag force) results in movement. Helicopters require four basic systems to achieve flight. The four systems are identified inFigure 2. Two of the systems - an engine and controls - are found in other vehicles (cars, boats,trains, etc.), but the function of helicopters necessitates special design considerations that makethe other two systems - the main rotor and anti-torque system - unique.□ Engine. All helicopters require a "prime mover". Internal combustion engines were used in the early designs and are still used in many smaller

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Trevor J. Bennett, Texas A&M University; Kristin D. Nichols, Texas A&M University; Kristi J. Shryock, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

could beimplemented, the iterative design structure was selected for this course. This structure allows thestudents to complete one cycle per project within the course timeframe. See Figure 1 for thesteps involved in the engineering design process. Figure 1. Steps of the engineering design process5.Implementing design education at the freshman level requires the facilitators to be aware of thestudents’ technical levels, expectations, and previous experiences. Developing the students’ability to understand and use the design process when tackling any engineering problems is muchmore important than the project-specific solution. The objective is to develop engineers capableof solving problems in a variety of situations

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott L. Post, Bradley University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

mission, STS-135, ended July 21, 2011 when Atlantis landedat NASA's Kennedy Space Center. The complete roster of orbiter vehicles is: • Enterprise (Approach and Landing Testing in 1977) • Columbia - 1981 - 2003 • Challenger - 1983 - 1986 • Discovery - 1984 - 2011 • Atlantis - 1985 - 2011 • Endeavour - 1992 – 2011The total shuttle stack (orbiter, external fuel tank, rocket boosters) when fully loaded with fuelhas a mass of 2.05 million kg (4.5 million lbm). The orbiter can carry a payload of 38,000 to56,300 lbs to orbit, depending on the orbit, which represents about 1% of the total mass at liftoff.The main engines generate 2,000,000 N of thrust each, and the solid rocket boosters (SRBs)produce 14,700,000 N each, so that

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sharanabasaweshwara Asundi, Tuskegee University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

, etc. Detail design of satellite Third week will focus on the detail/mid-level design of subsystem level architecture, subsystems component-level selection, interface/protocol design, simulation & analysis. The focus of Week 2 will be used to provide an overview of the detail/mid-level design. Mission specific detail design of Detail design of EPS (power generation, distribution, storage, monitoring PCB satellite subsystems-Part 1 panels, etc.), CDH (software architecture, operating modes), TT&C (telemetryWeek 3 Mission specific detail design of budget, antenna structure

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kuldeep S Rawat, Elizabeth City State University; Ellis Eugene Lawrence, Elizabeth City State University; Robin Renee Mangham, Elizabeth City State University; Orestes Devino Gooden, Elizabeth City State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

program goals of advancing STEM literacy, educating students utilizing a curriculum that meets national STEM standards, and inspire and prepare a more diverse student population to pursue college and careers in STEM-related disciplines. Program activities included CEAs, field trips, guest speakers, laboratory visits, mentorship, interactions with professionals, team projects, engineering design competition, and other confidence building exercises. All program activities were conducted under the supervision of ECSU faculty members and certified K-12 instructors from partnering school districts. A summary of program activities and sessions are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Program ActivitiesSessions

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David B Kanipe, Texas A&M University; Kristi J. Shryock, Texas A&M University; Jacques C. Richard, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

) (11 in AE) Science (1) Figure 11. Departments at Texas A&M University where Camp SOAR seniors applied.Both the AE Department and Texas A&M University benefitted from Camp SOAR. Of course,the argument could be made that the students would have decided to attend Texas A&M anddeclare the same majors without the benefit of Camp SOAR, but survey feedback and detailedfeedback from Facebook indicate that the camp had a major effect on the perception ofengineering in general by the student and AE in particular with comments, such as “…I wantedto thank everyone who made Camp SOAR such an awesome experience! I had a blast, but moreimportantly I now truly feel like Texas A&M is where I belong! Hope to see

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tian Tian, University of Central Florida; Ronald F. DeMara P.E., University of Central Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

-level knowledge is then elevated to higher Cognitive Processes ofCreation via Technical Design within the weekly Laboratory sessions associated with theEML4142 course. These are followed by Communication and Collaboration skills with the Lab,each of which is assessed via reports submitted which are graded manually, and also engagediscussions which encourage Metacognition of their learning.Instructor and GTA resources to conduct these relaxing and rewarding learning activities is madeavailable due to the abridged grading burdens of Homework (via McGraw-Hill Connect), CBAQuizzes (via Canvas in the EPC), and CBA Exams (via Canvas in the EPC). The questionformats developed for Quizzes and Exams as described below.4.3 Singular Selection Assessment

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adeel Khalid, Kennesaw State University; Christopher Douglas Roper; J. Andrew Pirrello Jr., Kennesaw State University ; Alain J. Santos

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

have access to literature beforehand and receive a lecture prior to the flight perform better than thosethat only review the literature or only receive a lecture before the simulation. Also, the efficacy of the hands-on learning in a laboratory environment is discussed.Keywords: Flight Training, Simulation, Hands-on Learning, Laboratory learning, Retention 1. IntroductionIn this IRB-approved (Institutional Review Board) study, student learning and retention is assessedusing a motion-based fixed-wing flight simulator. Students are given introduction to the principlesof flight. Then they fly the aircraft flight simulator and are asked to complete a pre-defined mission.Points are given for successfully completing several legs of the mission

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wm. Michael Butler, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

engineering or science. Is this a validassumption and does it apply to aerospace engineering students?Literature Review In engineering education, the number of studies exploring professional persistence islimited. Studies by Amelink and Creamer (2010), Eris et al. (2010), and Lichtenstein et al.(2009) indicate that a number of factors impact professional persistence. Between these differentstudies it was found that1,6,7: 1. respect from both peers and instructors was very important in keeping students satisfied with the engineering field and intending to work in the field for years in the future1. 2. the desire to pursue an engineering career increases throughout the education of the student in the case of persisters (those

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathy Schmidt Jackson, Pennsylvania State University; Mark D. Maughmer, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Robert H. Bishop P.E., Marquette University; Wallace T. Fowler P.E., University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

, and an M.S.E. in aerospace and mechanical sciences from Princeton. He has been on the faculty in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at Penn State since 1984. His research activities are analytical, experimental, and computational, and generally in the areas of aerodynamics, primarily aircraft and wind turbines, and aircraft design, flight mechanics, and stability and control. He has worked on aircraft designs with a number of companies, and has played a key role in the development of winglets for sailplanes and low-speed aircraft. He is actively involved in the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and the International Organization for the Science and Technology of Soaring (OSTIV). He has

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Post, Bradley University; Shankar Seetharaman, Bradley University; Sree Abimannan, Bradley University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

m yc = 2 (1 2 p + 2 px x2) for p < x < c (1) (1 p)Here x is the axis along the length of the airfoil running from the leading edge to the trailingedge, and y is the height above (or below) the x-axis. To generate the profile of the airfoil thethickness above and below the mean camber line must also be known. By definition, thethickness above and below the mean camber line at each point x is the same. The equation forthe local thickness, y, as a function of the x location is tt y= 0.2 ( 0.2969 x 0.1260x 0.3516x 2 + 0.2843x 3 0.1015x 4 ) (2)The locations for the upper and

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lulu Sun, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Matthew Kindy, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Caroline Liron, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Christopher D. Grant, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Shirley Anne Waterhouse, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

significantchanges was switching from programming in C to programming in MATLAB in the fall of 2009,since MATLAB has become the major language used in various engineering disciplines forproblem solving [1, 4, 5]. Following this, the course changed its meeting time from three times aweek to four times a week. It now uses a 2+2 format: two days of lecture per week, with eachlecture day followed by laboratory time to facilitate material understanding by hands-on practice. Page 25.705.2Approximately 120 students will attend one-hour lecture in an auditorium. The following day,students attend a small lab session, usually 26 students, to allow more contact with

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehdi Shadaram, University of Texas, San Antonio; Thomas B. Morrow, University of Texas, San Antonio; C. Mauli Agrawal, University of Texas, San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

the General Chair, Session Chair, TPC Chair, and Panelist in several IEEE conferences. He has served in numerous review panels. He is Senior Member of IEEE and member of OSA, SPIE, ASEE, and HKN. He is also a Profes- sional Registered Engineer in the state of Texas. He received his Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1984 from University of Oklahoma.Dr. Thomas B. Morrow, University of Texas, San Antonio Thomas Morrow is an Adjunct Professor in the College of Engineering at UTSA. He has B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering from Stanford University. He is a registered Professional Engineer in Virginia and Texas and has worked for E.I. duPont de Nemours (Textile Fibers Dept.) and Southwest

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Moshe Barak, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Israel and other countries emphasize the educationaladvantages of the project method in fostering meaningful learning and raisingstudents’ motivation [1] [2] [3]. On the other hand, teachers having a strongengineering background frequently center on teaching specific subject matter, whilethe development of higher intellectual skills is often perceived as a side-effect or‘natural outcome’ of learning scientific-related subjects. As a result, students mightprepare very sophisticated projects from a technical viewpoint but progress only littlein terms of becoming independent learners and creative designers. In order tomaximize the educational potential of technology education in developing students’learning competences, we propose a model for

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adeel Khalid, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

, but less able to be generalized. Data between Cases A, B, and C arealso compared quantitatively.Quantitative ResultsTo be able to test the hypothesis, it is important to analyze the quantitative data. The totalnumber of students surveyed in all cases combined is 150. The overall scores in all cases for eachquestion are shown in Figure 2. It is observed that students generally perform better in questions2, 3, and 4 compared to question 1. Question 1 has several parts – the idea is to memorize thenames of parts of the aircraft. Students tend to understand the equation of lift better and answerquestions based on that, than memorizing the names of the parts of the aircraft. Overall

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin Morris, Bradley University; Scott Post, Bradley University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

15.594.2History of Wind TunnelsThe history of wind tunnels is discussed in references3,11-13. The first wind tunnel was built byFrancis Wenham in 1871. The 19th century wind tunnels were generally straight of uniformcross-section connected to a fan. The Wright Brothers were really the first to show the value ofthe wind tunnel in aerodynamic design with their 1902 wind tunnel. They were able to deduceempirically that long aspect ratio wings were more efficient than short stubby ones, a fact whichPrandtl later proved analytically. The Wright Brothers’ wind tunnel was largely made of wood,with a glass window on the top to look down through and see the force balance, from which thelift and drag force could be read. The wind tunnel was powered by a fan driven

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian German, Georgia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

. Vehicle performance is a three semester hour course taught during the third yearof the aerospace curriculum. During the course, students are exposed to fundamentalperformance analysis methods for fixed wing aircraft, rotorcraft, and space vehicles. The courseprecedes the capstone vehicle design sequence and the majority of the students’ technical writingexercises required in the curriculum.The Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird, shown in Figure 1, was chosen as the topic of the initial casestudy because it is a well-known and recognizable aircraft with compelling performance that hasfrequently been the subject of popular books, television programs, and museum displays.Performance data for the airplane to form the basis of the case assignment are also

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nidal Al-Masoud, Central Connecticut State University; Viatcheslav Naoumov, Central Connecticut State University; Zbigniew Prusak, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

meeting the program educational objectives.Project also covers all steps of design process (from idea generation to design, fabrication, andcompetition), and provides practical application of engineering principles to real-world designchallenges, students gain a valuable experience in: 1. problem identification and solving, 2. conceptual and detailed design, 3. procurement and fabrication, 4. resource and project management, 5. product testing, 6. developing oral and writing skills: report writing; presenting findings and vehicle design to peers, professors, and judges 7. outreach activitiesProject Activities DescriptionThe fall 2009 Moonbuggy frame team examined the frame designed by the last year’s team.Upon inspection of

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward Crawley, MIT; Robert Niewoehner, United States Naval Academy; Jean Koster, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Syllabus 1 Technical Knowledge And Reasoning 1.1 Knowledge Of Underlying Science 1.2 Core Engineering Fundamental Knowledge 1.3 Advanced Engineering Fundamental Knowledge 2 Personal and Professional Skills and Attributes 2.1 Engineering Reasoning and Problem Solving 2.2 Experimentation and Knowledge Discovery 2.3 System Thinking 2.4 Personal Skills and Attitudes 2.5 Professional Skills and Attitudes 3 Interpersonal Skills 3.1 Teamwork 3.2 Communications 3.3 Communications In Foreign Languages 4 Conceiving, Designing, Implementing, and