Conference Session

Global Engineering Education

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Daniel Pack; Steven Barrett

decided early on that there would be no pride in authorship. Each co-author was encouraged to critically assess the other’s writing. They both understood itwas for the overall good of the final product. Aside from a similar philosophy, it ishelpful to choose a co-author with a similar work ethic.In Pack and Barrett’s situation, it was a natural choice to work together as co-authors.Pack and Barrett had worked together on a number of projects before the book. Theirwork relationship was founded on friendship, a deep mutual respect for each otherscapabilities, and a similar work ethic. Furthermore, they decided early on that theywould provide a detailed plan to complete the book and that they would be mutuallyaccountable to one another to meet

Conference Session

Teaching Materials Sci&Eng to Non-Majors

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Edmund Tsang

instructional “hardware” and “software” that meet the needs and specifications ofSECME middle-school mathematics and science teachers8.]Learning Objective, Performance Outcome, Assessment Method & Performance CriteriaThere are four learning objectives for ME 211:Objective #1: Students successfully demonstrate the elements of engineering design process.Performance Outcome: Students successfully demonstrates the elements of engineering designprocess through the completion of the service-learning design project.Assessment Method: Design Project Written Report, Design Project Oral Presentation, andStudent Survey.Performance Criteria: the instructor evaluated the Design Project Written Report and another MEfaculty evaluated the Design Project Oral

Conference Session

Closing Manufacturing Competency Gaps II

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Venkat Allada; Rajiv Mishra; Ming Leu; Anthony Okafor; Ashok Agrawal; Frank Liou

projects• Developing and integrating modular courseware to support the capstone project.Enhancement of Manufacturing Process Laboratories and CoursesThe proposed manufacturing process laboratory and course enhancement will implement thefollowing:• Incorporate manufacturing process control concept into each course for specific manufacturing processes. For example, in the machining process, existing facilities will be further developed to introduce machine tool metrology, assessment of machine tool accuracy, Page 7.90.5“Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright

Conference Session

Computed Simulation and Animation

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Said Oucheriah; Abul Azad

ofimplementation of the algorithm within Simulink are investigated and assessed in terms ofperformance. Two classes of control, namely open-loop and closed-loop strategies aredeveloped and incorporated within the environment. The open-loop control strategies arebased on bang-bang, Gaussian shaped and filtered command inputs while the closed-loopcontrol strategies includes joint-based PD controller and hybrid collocated and non-collocatedcontroller methods. Simulated results verifying the performance of the simulation environmentand the control strategies are presented and discussed through the case study.2 Simulation of Flexible Manipulator Systems2.1 The flexible manipulator SystemThe flexible manipulator system under consideration is modelled as

Conference Session

Freshman Design

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

John Lake; John Anderson; Charles Yarnoff; J. Edward Colgate; Barbara Shwom; Penny Hirsch

Copyright ©2002, American Society for Engineering Educationquarter sequence. In EDC, they study design and communication from an engineering perspective.Each sixteen-student section of EDC is jointly taught by a faculty member from Engineering and onefrom Arts and Sciences. All 380 freshmen take the course, which is taught by engineering facultyfrom five or six different disciplines. A small core group of faculty from each school work togetherto set goals, develop a syllabus, plan lectures, design assignments and activities, manage overallcourse assessment, and facilitate weekly faculty meetings.One goal of EDC is to communicate the excitement of engineering and thus motivate students tosucceed. EDC does this by having students work on real

Conference Session

Computers in Education Poster Session

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Steve Schweitzer; Shad Reed

onthat the course website played an Strimportant role in learning coursematerial. In contrast, this data also Figure 9: The course's website was crucial forsuggest that the Fluid Mechanics learning the required materialcourse website played a muchsmaller part in the student learningthe course material. In spite of these findings, the matter of whether website development was worthwhile isstill in question. To unequivocally answer this question, additional studies similar to thoseperformed by Poindexter and Allen must be performed to assess whether students learn morewhen a website is integrated into the classroom. Finally

Collection

2022 CIEC

Authors

Abel Reyes; Skyler Reinhardt; Tony Wise; Nathir Rawashdeh; Sidike Paheding

semi-autonomous telepresence task. All of these tasks are equivalent from a navigationalpoint of view; however, they also conducted other research, including speech interaction,interaction among multiple robots, learning from human demonstration, human observation, andhuman correction. Maurice et al. [11] presented a generic method for performing detailedergonomic assessments of co-manipulation activities and its application to the optimal design ofcollaborative robots. Multiple ergonomic indicators were defined to estimate the differentbiomechanical demands which occur during manual activities. The proposed method consists offour components: the list of ergonomic indicators, a dynamic simulation framework in which adigital human model can

Collection

2022 CIEC

Authors

Aleksandr Sergeyev; Chinmay Kondekar

Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS), Chennai,2017, pp. 1238-1243, doi: 10.1109/ICECDS.2017.8389639.[5] T. Kubela, A. Pochyly and V. Singule, "Assessment of industrial robots accuracy in relation to accuracyimprovement in machining processes," 2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference(PEMC), Varna, 2016, pp. 720-725, doi: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2016.7752083.[6] J. Lee, G. Park, J. Shin and J. Woo, "Industrial robot calibration method using denavit — Hatenbergparameters," 2017 17th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS), Jeju, 2017, pp.1834-1837, doi: 10.23919/ICCAS.2017.8204265.[7] M. S. Abderrahmane, A. M. Djuric, W. Chen and C. P. Yeh, "Study and

Collection

ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Joshua Halpern, Prince George's Community College and LibreTexts; Nadene Houser-Archield, Prince George's Community College; Neeharika Thakur; Scott D. Johnson, Prince George's Community College; Scott A Sinex, Prince George's Community College

collegestudents to conduct research at NASA. It set the stage for our community college to be a partnerin a large Department of Education grant for open textbooks. That funded creation of over 60additional free and open textbooks now housed in the college commons on LibreTexts [43]. ByFall 2022, these OER books were used in over 1,000-course sections, impacting over 15,000students.Among the OER textbooks built are Introduction to Engineering for Engineers and Scientists[44], General Physics [45, 46] and Calculus [47]. To improve them we are currently buildingonline formative and summative assessment into the textbooks. Figure 3. General Chemistry for Engineers daily pageviews from Google Analytics.Following on the principles used in creating the

Conference Session

Miscellaneous Mechanics: Covid and Free Body Diagrams

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew R. Sloboda, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics Division (MECHS)

an overhang above a doorway. Foreach problem, three images of the scenario were developed: a photograph of the system (lowabstraction), a line drawing of the system (medium abstraction), and a line-drawn image of thesystem in which most details identifying it as a real-world object were removed (highabstraction). Figure 1 shows the images used at each level of abstraction for each of the threeproblems.Students in a first-year course, who had just learned to draw FBDs (the assessment was justprior to their first exam on the topic), and students in a third-year course, who wereexperienced with FBDs, were asked to draw FBDs for these problems. Each student populationwas randomly divided into three groups: A, B, and C. Each group saw each of the

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Xiaoyi Zhang; Ana Aviles Vargas, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Gongchen Sun, The University of Texas at San Antonio

the original Shakespeare play.Data CollectionTwo groups of data were collected to analyze the students' performance and the effectiveness of thisproject in enhancing student learning. First, student performance was documented through projectreports and presentations by each Engineering team. A technical overview of 3D printing techniqueswas assigned during the project to assess students’ understanding of 3D printing through self-learning and hands-on experience. A final report and presentation were required to evaluate eachteam’s ability to translate a non-technical illustrative design into 3D modeling and realization usingappropriate 3D printing techniques. To evaluate the students’ learning, the value of this project, andthe challenges

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Arun John Abraham, St. Mary’s University - San Antonio, TX ; Rafael Moras P.E., St. Mary's University; Gopalakrishnan Easwaran, St. Mary's University; PAUL X UHLIG, St. Mary's University

jobsequence to minimize various performance measures including total or mean flowtimes,makespan, tardiness, and lateness, among others. In a flowshop, jobs must follow the samesequence from one machine to the next.In the present research project, 102 six-job, four-machine permutation flowshop schedulingproblem were examined to assess the performance of heuristic algorithm in terms of total flowtime.The randomly generated job processing times on each machine were drawn from a discrete uniformdistribution in the range [1,100].The job completion time matrix was randomly structured; each completion time was modeledusing an integer uniform distribution in the interval [1,100] using Excel’s RANDBETWEENfunction. With the goal of evaluating the performance

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Amir Karimi, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Randall D. Manteufel P.E., The University of Texas at San Antonio

, identify confusing topics, or applying concepts to solve a problem. All of these have beenused, with the most effective end-of-class activity being problem solving. A lecture is closed a fewminutes early and a problem is presented, sometimes in the form of a pop quiz.Several years prior to COVID pandemic, both authors started using true/false or multiple-choice popquestions to assess students’ understanding of fundamental concepts.2,3. Originally ParScore-Scranton were used to evaluate student responses to quiz solution. But a few years prior to theCOVID pandemic, they began using adaptive questions and electronic pooling devices (eg., I-clicker) to engage students and to measure students’ mastery of the fundamental concepts.Electronic pooling

Conference Session

Track 1: Technical Session 3: Examining how Graduate Advisors in STEM Support Mental Health among Black and Latinx Graduate Women

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Kerrie Wilkins-Yel, University of Massachusetts Boston ; Stephanie Marando-Blanck, University of Massachusetts; Pavneet Kaur Bharaj, California State University, Bakersfield; Aisha Farra

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

education: Marginal and central spaces for persistence and success: COUNTERSPACES FOR WOMEN OF COLOR IN STEM EDUCATION. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 55(2), 206–245. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21417Primé, D. R., Bernstein, B. L., Wilkins, K. G., & Bekki, J. M. (2015). Measuring the advising alliance for female graduate students in science and engineering: An emerging structure. Journal of Career Assessment, 23(1), 64-78.Sheehy, B. N. (2019). Support received from the dissertation advisor and the graduate student success of doctoral students majoring in the sciences. University of South Florida.Kram, K. E. (1983). Phases of the mentor relationship. Academy of Management journal, 26(4), 608-625.Wilkins

Conference Session

Track 1: Technical Session 8: Cutting the Curb for Students with Disabilities Transitioning to Higher Education

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Seth Vuletich, Colorado School of Mines; Brianna B Buljung, Colorado School of Mines; Jamie Marie Regan, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

asked studentswhat disabilities they were receiving support for at Mines. We made it clear that all questionswere optional, including this one. The graph on the right provides an overview of theirresponses – as you can see, the largest single group are students who don’t receiveaccommodations at all. We will need to review the open ended response questions to gathermore details as to why they are not receiving accommodations and assess whether there iscorrelation between certain disabilities and how well students feel supported.Slide 8 Student Responses about Community Yes NoNow that we have a better understanding of the students who have responded to our

Conference Session

Track 3: Technical Session 3: Envisioning Equitable Pathways to STEM Graduate Education: Creating a Coalition including University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Bowie State University, and University of Maryland College Park to Make It Happen

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Rosemary Parker, University of Maryland, College Park; JACQUELINE SMITH, Bowie State University; Isabel K Lloyd, Materials Science and Engineering Dept., University of Maryland, College Park, MD; Jennifer Johnson, Temple University ; Yuanwei Jin, University of Maryland Eastern Shore

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

graduate admission processes followed across the nation supports expandedadmissions processes beyond standardized test scores to better assess the potential forURM students to succeed at the graduate level.Issues Affecting HBCU Student Interest in STEM Graduate ProgramsIn order to extend our understanding of the current attitudes and perspectives of graduateSTEM education programs in the state system, the CEPath project disseminated surveysand conducted interviews with key stakeholders. The analysis focused on three researchquestions: 1. What programmatic obstacles deter URM students from pursuing STEM graduate degree? 2. What are the key embedded institutional biases that limit URM entry and degree completion? 3. How can our

Conference Session

Track 6: Technical Session 3: Teaching Equity through Assets-Based Journaling: Using Community Cultural Wealth to Guide Student Reflections

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Gabriella Coloyan Fleming, University of Texas at Austin; Jessica Deters, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Maya Denton, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

Texas at Austin University of Nebraska– University of Oklahoma Lincoln 12 INTRODUCTION METHODS RESULTS IMPLICATIONS & CONCLUSIONS● Gabriella Coloyan Fleming: research on student servingness at a newly-designated MSI, recently learned about UT El Paso’s EDGE framework, which is a university-wide assets-based approach for student success● Jessica Deters: Experience leading and researching engineering study abroad programs. Experience with an engineering study abroad program that uses reflection for both assessment and

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

Philip Lee, University of Kentucky; David Parsley, University of Kentucky; Nelson Kudzo Akafuah, University of Kentucky

Tagged Topics

Diversity

, such as virtual reality, augmented reality, simulation, gamification,11 and e-learning, that can provide realistic and interactive learning experiences for the12 workers.13 • The complexity of measuring and evaluating the impact of technical training on the14 performance and outcomes of the workers and the organization. Technical training is not15 a one-time event but a continuous process that requires regular feedback, assessment, and16 improvement. To measure and evaluate the impact of technical training, the specialized17 training needs to define clear and relevant indicators and metrics, such as skill18 acquisition, knowledge retention, error reduction, quality

Collection

2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Catherine Molloseau, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

individualidentification.Instruments and MeasuresAll students that volunteered to participate were provided a survey at the start of the semester thataddressed the following topics:1) most recent type of school attended, 2) year of graduation fromhigh school, 3) place of graduation (state or country), 4) programming experience prior to college,and 5) programming languages used. In terms of measuring performance, the scores on the firstlab practicum as well as the final course grade were collected.Assumptions and LimitationsThis is a correlational research study that commenced over three semesters. The programmingcourse used as a tool for measurement had up to six different instructors for a given semester. Theinstructors used shared resources as well as common assessments

Collection

2022 ASEE St. Lawrence Section Annual Conference

Authors

Lisa Cole, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University; Michelle Tsui-Woods, k2i academy, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University; Vanessa Ironside, k2i academy, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

. Faculty members obtained insights into the K-12education system, gained better understanding of student experiences, and had anopportunity to mentor and advise undergraduate students.The physics educators developed and delivered the physics course in alignment with theOntario physics curriculum policy. They were responsible for developing and deliveringlessons, assessing and evaluating student achievement, and working with the k2i academystaff and undergraduate mentors for integrating the project components into the courserequirement. Through the program, the teachers had opportunities to develop new technicalskills through the emphasis of hands-on learning that incorporated electronics, coding andengineering design. The physics teachers also

Collection

2023 PSW

Authors

Ken-ichi Nomura; Pratibha Dev; Aiichiro Nakano; Priya Vashishta; Tao Wei

layered materials: Feedforward neural network classifies metallic andsemiconducting phases as well as defects. MISTIQS (https://github.com/USCCACS/MISTIQS): Quantum many-body dynamicssimulations on emerging quantum computers such as IBM Q and Rigetti Aspen [11, 12, 35, 36].We will re-architect MISTIQS in a way easily extensible to other problems and quantumlanguages/circuits. Quantum computing will be mirrored by exascale simulations on an exaflopcomputer to assess quantum supremacy. We are developing: (1) AI-inspired domain-specificquantum compilers to address the fundamental limitation of the noisy intermediate-scalequantum (NISQ) computing technology—environmental noise—by reducing the size and depthof quantum circuits, thereby extending

Conference Session

Experiential Learning and Globalization in BME

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Sanghoon Lee, University of Virginia; Shing Wai Yam, University of Virginia; William H. Guilford, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

student rather than a correlate of a lab-specific quality. Mindsets such as“motivation” are notoriously difficult to assess, but recent advances in measuring implicitcognition [11] (attitudes, biases, and beliefs of which the individual is not consciously aware)may allow us to better measure mindsets that influence persistence in laboratory teams andpersistence in science [12].Literature cited[1] E. Seymour, A. Hunter, S. L. Laursen, and T. DeAntoni, “Establishing the Benefits of Research Experiences for Undergraduates in the Sciences: First Findings from a Three- Year Study,” Science Education, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 493-534, Jul. 2007.[2] D. Lopatto, “Survey of Undergraduate Research Experiences (SURE): First Findings,” Cell Biol Educ

Conference Session

Simulation

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seung Youn Chyung, Boise State University; Joe Guarino, Boise State University; Marion Scheepers, Boise State University, Department of Mathematics; Rey DeLeon, Boise State University, Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering Department; Charles Adams, Boise State University; Paul Williams, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

integration during Triple Integrals exercise. Page 22.1513.6Evaluation MethodEvaluation QuestionsTo assess the overall usability of simulations and to evaluate the value of the simulationprograms from the student perspective, we conducted an evaluation study with the followingthree questions:1. How do students perceive the use of interactive simulations in their Math class?2. How do students‟ motivational characteristics (i.e., intrinsic and extrinsic goal orientations and confidence levels in studying science, math and engineering) relate to their perceptions in using simulations during the Math class?3. What aspects of the simulation

Conference Session

Project-Based Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Phillip A. Farrington, University of Alabama, Huntsville; Michael P.J. Benfield, University of Alabama, Huntsville; Matthew W. Turner, University of Alabama, Huntsville

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

(performance,cost, schedule, and risk). Key aspects of this phase include the development of a functional flowof the payload, proposed alternative solutions, decision techniques, and the development of aconcept of operations which will be the basis of the proposed design. This phase culminates in apreliminary design review with an external review board to assess the performance of each highschool team.Phase 3 (green) is the detailed design phase of the project. During this phase the high schoolteam provides a detailed design of their selected concept (from Phase 2), prototypes the concept, Page 22.1474.7and learns about verification and testing to meet

Conference Session

Design Communications & Cognition I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sean P. Brophy, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Sensen Li, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, definition and scoping. This knowledgecan inform the design of assessments, track students‟ progress and provide feedback tostudents on ways to help them improve.In this course teams were given additional design challenges that required them tosystematically reflect on the goals and translate them into specifications and metrics. Weanticipate this kind of training enhances students‟ ability to approach design and we willtest it in a follow on study. The same students are now enrolled in the Spring 2011semester. The course objectives are similar, but the expectation on students‟ performanceis increased. New teams are formed and a similar team building design activity is beingexplored. A pretest is being conducted to evaluate individual‟s approach to

Conference Session

Understanding Students and Faculty

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shane Brown, Washington State University; Dean Lewis, Washington State University; Devlin Montfort, Washington State University; Robby L. Borden, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

-stakes written exam.Results from this study may inform mechanics of materials educators. Misconceptions may be acontext dependent phenomena. For example, students may be able to correctly answermechanics problems given combined two and three-dimensional representations better than justtwo-dimensional representations. Future research, as stated below, is necessary to more fullyexplore this context dependence. There are also implications for assessment. For example,faculty sometimes place questions and problems on course exams that are in contexts differentfrom those encountered previously, with the goal that students who “really know” the materialwill be able to solve these problems. These findings indicate that encountering new contextsmay

Conference Session

Technology in the ECE Classroom

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth A. Connor, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Frederick C Berry, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Mohamed F. Chouikha, Howard University; Dianna Newman, University at Albany/SUNY; Meghan Morris Deyoe, The Evaluation Consortium; Gavin Anaya; William Brubaker, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

22.1646.5connections, demonstrations, and hands-on practice of content supports these modalities oflearning.2.a.iii Support for student learningEvaluators also found at RPI that use of the Mobile Studio I/O Board is directly supporting theprocess of student learning14. Through surveys, interviews, classroom observations, and reviewsof cognitive assessments, it has been found that I/O boards assist in the structuring andenhancement of valuable learning outcomes. (See Table 1 for a summary of student reportedoutcomes.) In addition, during interviews and through observations it was noted thatcollaborative learning was facilitated by the use of the I/O board. Students who had notpreviously used the I/O boards reported that its integration into instruction enabled

Conference Session

Investigating Alternative Energy Concepts

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan M. Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

textbooks. A structure built around concise ConceptEssays, web-based tools, and e-books, allows learners from outside the specific field learn whatthey want through a process of iteration.AcknowledgmentsThe concept development work was supported by NASA under the EXTROVERT cross-disciplinary innovation initiative. Mr. Tony Springer is the Technical Monitor.References[1] A. C. Clarke, "Extra-Terrestrial Relays," Wireless World, Vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 305-308, 1945[2] Glaser, P., "Power from the Sun: It's Future", Science, Vol 162, pp. 856-861, 1968[3] Anon, “Satellite Power Systems (SPS) Concept Development and Evaluation ProgramPreliminary Assessment” DOE/ER 0041, US Department of Energy, Satellite Power SystemProject Office, NASA TM81142, 1979[4

Conference Session

Embedded System Design

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jim Fischer, Oregon Institute of Technology; Claude Kansaku, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

conversions were also completed by the students. Along with weekly informal discussions,the majority of supplemental mathematics learning was accomplished by the students’ work onthese assignments and their application of these new concepts within the software developmentproject.The students’ progress on these objectives was assessed by assigning, collecting and gradingseveral assignments. The performance of the project was also used to measure how well thestudents met most of the course objectives.The Mathematical ModelThe mathematical model used to compute the predicted balloon trajectory required a number ofsimplifying assumptions. One of the most important assumptions related to the way the windinfluences a balloon’s motion. By assuming that the

Conference Session

FPD II: Increasing Engagement and Motivation of First-Year Students

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James E. Lewis, University of Louisville; David Wheatley

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Facilities 1996, 10 (2), 46. 3. Delatte, N. J. Failure Case Studies and Engineering Ethics in Engineering Mechanics Courses. ASCE Journal of 1997, 123 (3), 111-116. 4. Rendon-Herrero, O. Too Many Failures: What Can Education Do? ASCE Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 1993, 7 (2), 133-139. 5. Rens, K. L.; Knott, A. W. Teaching Experiences, a Graduate Course in Condition Assessment and Forensic Engineering. Forensic Engineering: Proceedings of the First Congress, New York, 1997; pp 178-185. 6. Paul, R.; Niewoehner, R.; Elder, L. Engineering Reasoning; Foundation for Critical Thinking: Tomales, CA, 2007; p 56. 7. Gillum, J. D. The Engineer of Record and Design Responsibility. ASCE Journal of Performance of Constructed