Conference Session

Graduate Student Experience

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ana Torres-Ayala, University of South Florida; Daniel Bumblauskas, Iowa State University; Matthew Verleger, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

AC 2010-540: ASEE STUDENT MEMBERS’ NEEDS ANALYSIS: IMPLICATIONSFOR THE ASEE STUDENT CONSTITUENT COMMITTEEAna Torres-Ayala, University of South Florida Ana T. Torres-Ayala is a doctoral candidate in Higher Education at the University of South Florida. She holds a BS degree in Computer Engineering from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez and a MEng degree in Computer and Systems Engineering from Rensselear Polytechnic Institute. She has experience in the telecommunications industry where she worked for Lucent Technologies. Before beginning her doctoral studies, Ana was also an Information Technology instructor. Her research interests include: preparing future engineering faculty

Conference Session

Innovations in Civil Engineering Education II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Burian, University of Utah; Edward Barbanell, University of Utah

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

mediated discussions of historical and emerging water engineeringissues and projects in the western United States. Within the context of the case studies, studentswere exposed to philosophical and legal concepts, hydrologic principles, water resourcesengineering design and management techniques, water management modeling and analysis tools,social and behavioral science theories, water law, and more. One unique aspect of the course wasthe use of position papers with random assignment of position that forced students to analyze andargue points from perspectives outside of their discipline and sometimes against their personalbeliefs. The outcomes of the course were assessed through a written survey, informal studentdiscussions, and end-of-course

Conference Session

Environmental Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenny Patricia Quintana-Cifuentes, Purdue University; Paul Asunda, Purdue University; Senay Purzer, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Alejandra J. Magana, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

School of Engineering Education. She is the recipient of a 2012 NSF CAREER award, which examines how engineering students approach innovation. She serves on the editorial boards of Science Education and the Journal of Pre-College Engineering Educa- tion (JPEER). She received a B.S.E with distinction in Engineering in 2009 and a B.S. degree in Physics Education in 1999. Her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees are in Science Education from Arizona State University earned in 2002 and 2008, respectively.Dr. Alejandra J. Magana, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering) Alejandra Magana is an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer and Information Technology and an affiliated faculty at the School

Conference Session

Trends in BAE

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Patricia Haan; Joshua Peschel

An Instructional Framework for Introducing Spatially Distributed Hydrologic Design Concepts Joshua M. Peschel and Patricia K. Haan Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2117Introduction Spatially distributed information technologies are emerging as an integral component ofdecision-making and design practices within the biological and agricultural engineeringcommunity (Mohtar and Engel, 2000; Ouyang and Barthoic, 2001; Choi et al., 2002). Severalhydrologic and water quality models, such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) (DiLuzio et al., 1997), the Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Non-point Sources(BASINS) program (Di Luzio

Conference Session

Developing Programs for Adult Learners

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Robertson, Arizona State University; Joseph Tidwell, Boeing Co.

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

consortium training courses have in the past largely concentratedon the latter group since they have the greatest need for innovative training opportunities.Effective operation of a matrix structure, especially with rapidly changing technology,demands very efficient communication. At senior management levels, fluency and Page 12.1178.7accuracy tend to be good. The harder task is to understand the specialist’s language andto recognize latent problems as they emerge. One of the unexpected benefits to arisefrom the group dialogs in the training courses is that informal communication channelsare developed and the contacts can be productive and long

Conference Session

Making, Hacking, and Extracurricular Design

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Victoria Bill, New York University, Tandon School of Engineering; Anne-Laure Fayard, New York University, Tandon School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

students.Based on the success of the Food and Sustainability Series, other themes were explored. In thefall, the guardians tried to create a second theme series around AR/VR but it was found thatstudents had interests for different fields of application, and in some cases students were simplyinterested by the technology. No community nor student champion emerged. This spring, the twoguardians – based on their own interest and some informal interviews with students in themakerspace – are exploring the possibility of develop a series on biomimicry. It is currentlybeing developed by reaching out to local industry experts and faculty.It was found that the labeling as a “series” worked as a signaling mechanism that helped engagestudents. Observations from

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division (ELD) Poster Session

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Barbrow, University of Michigan; Kelly Durkin Ruth, United States Naval Academy; Amber Janssen, California State University Maritime Academy; Christina Mayberry, University of California San Diego; Sarah Over, Virginia Tech; Sarah Parker, University of British Columbia, Vancouver

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries Division (ELD)

community emerged from an informal conversation between two librarians atthe 2024 ASEE annual conference in Portland, Oregon. One librarian had recently taken onNAMOE as a liaison area at a large research-intensive university with no prior experience withthe discipline, and the other, working at a smaller institution and knowing that there are fewlibrarians with NAMOE department responsibilities, wished for an opportunity to discusssupporting NAMOE faculty and students with other colleagues. Both librarians saw anopportunity to create both a professional network through which we could learn with and fromeach other as well as compile a NAMOE “greatest hits” list of important and useful resourcesthat would enable us to better support our individual

Conference Session

Biological & Agricultural Division Technical Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Efra Altamirano, Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Judith Virginia Gutierrez Cuba; Nelly Ramirez-Corona, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas Puebla

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

engineering and food science related courses. His research interests include emerging technologies for food processing, natural food antimicrobials, creating effective learning environments, and science, engineering and technology educa- tion for K-12.Dr. Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas Puebla Professor Palou is Director, Center for Science, Engineering, and Technology Education as well as Dis- tinguished Professor and Past Chair, Department of Chemical, Food, and Environmental Engineering at Universidad de las Americas Puebla in Mexico. He teaches engineering, food science, and education re- lated courses. His research interests include emerging technologies for food processing, creating effective learning

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Ron Eglash; Larry Kagan; Gary Gabriele; Frances Bronet; David Hess

design and creativity inform daily living.Proceedings of the 2001 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & ExpositionCopyright © 2001, American Society for Engineering Education • To be aware of the larger context - the social, cultural and political realms in which we design and build. • To understand the inter/relationships among disciplines that inform design. • To learn the complexities of design through participatory student-faculty course development and collaboration. • To reinterpret the condition of technology. • To develop the ability to reflect critically on your own work and to evaluate consequences.We considered it important to develop the practice of simultaneously

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert P. Morgan; Nirmala Kannankutty; Donald E. Strickland

. Noticeably absent has been the voice of engineering faculty on these industry-university linkages. While most data used in these debates consist of macro-level input indicators, such asaggregated research expenditures, enrollments, and the like, some work is beginning to emerge from the Gmicro-level point of view. Rahm recently studied the technology transfer process from universities toindustry from the perspectives of faculty and university administrators. Recent studies of universityorganized research centers, including National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded Engineering Research 7 8Centers (ERCs), have also collected

Conference Session

Progress on Raising the Bar

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ernest Smerdon, University of Arizona; Stephen Ressler, U.S. Military Academy; James K. Nelson, University of Texas-Tyler; Jim O'Brien, American Society of Civil Engineers

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

avoiding advanced-level accreditation protects international students is demonstrablyfalse. Denying these students the opportunity to seek accredited master’s degrees harms not onlythe students, but the profession as well.The notion that accrediting master’s programs will limit flexibility or will inhibit a program’sability to focus on non-practice-oriented emerging technologies and interdisciplinary areas issimilarly incorrect for two reasons. First, if a department offers both accredited and non-accredited degree programs, then the department could choose to use the non-accredited degreeas the venue for exploring emerging areas. But, more importantly, there is nothing explicitly orimplicitly intended in ASCE’s current draft Advanced-Level ABET

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 5

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vincent Oluwaseto Fakiyesi , University of Georgia; Deborah Gbemisola Fabiyi, Washington State University; Isaac Damilare Dunmoye , University of Georgia; Olanrewaju Paul Olaogun, University of Georgia; Nathaniel Hunsu, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Paper ID #44237A Scoping Review of Concept Inventories in Engineering EducationVincent Oluwaseto Fakiyesi , University of Georgia Vincent Oluwaseto Fakiyesi received the B.Tech. degree in chemical engineering from the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, , Nigeria in 2015, and He is presently a Doctoral Students at Engineering Education Transformative Institute at the University of Georgia College of Engineering.Deborah Gbemisola Fabiyi, Washington State UniversityIsaac Damilare Dunmoye , University of Georgia Isaac Dunmoye PhD in Engineering (in view), University of Georgia, USA, M.Sc. in

Collection

2023 ASEE GSW

Authors

Huseyin Bostanci; Nourredine Boubekri

University of North Texas, Denton, TX Copyright  2023, American Society for Engineering Education 5• The Zero Energy Lab (Figure 2b) is the only one of its kind in Texas featuring renewable energy sources such as solar and wind as well as smart energy management system, and is used to test emerging, sustainable technologies and materials to achieve a net-zero consumption of energy in buildings.• The Energy Assessment Demonstration House (Figure 2c) is a stand-alone residential model house equipped with a high efficiency split heat pump, a standard blower door system, and infrared camera, and is utilized to conduct energy assessments via air infiltration and

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-college Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Farmer, UTeachEngineering; David T. Allen, University of Texas, Austin; Leema Kuhn Berland, University of Texas, Austin; Richard H. Crawford, University of Texas, Austin; Lisa Guerra, NASA

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Benchmarks for Science Literacy2, which describes what students should know and be able to do in science, mathematics, and technology at key milestones in their K-12 careers; 4. The National Research Council’s A Framework for K-12 Science Education5, a document intended to inform the development of the Next Generation Science Standards for K-12 students; 5. Changing the Conversation7, a publication of the National Academy of Engineering that identified effective messages for improving public understanding of engineering; 6. Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Engineering Design and Problem Solving17, the state-developed standards for a design-based engineering course that

Collection

2010 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

M Nazrul Islam

numberof malicious activities in the computer network. Also the topic is getting more involved into theengineering curriculum in order to prepare the future engineers and scientists to efficientlyhandle the emerging security threats. One of the most important objectives of informationsecurity systems is to secure the confidential information, which includes personal identificationnumber, personal data, as well as graphical information like photo, fingerprint. Securinginformation can only be done through the use of cryptography technology, which involvesencryption of the information before transmission and then successful reproduction of theinformation at the receiving end. Traditional encryption schemes suffer from poor securitybecause a random

Conference Session

Innovations in Additive Manufacturing Education

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aditya Akundi, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

EDUCATION USING VIRTUAL RAPID PROTOTYPING SIMULATOR TOOLAbstractThe increased use of agile manufacturing through 3-D printing in the U.S. Department of Defense(DoD) there have been several Additive Manufacturing projects commissioned by U.S Navy,Pentagon and associated defense industries. Worth mentioning is the use of 3D printers by defensegiants such to manufacture tools and components used for building F-35 Joint Strike Fighters.With the widely observed use of Additive Manufacturing technologies for agile productdevelopment in industries, there exists a vital need on innovating, identifying and establishinginnovative ways to train emerging manufacturing engineering workforce. This paper, investigatesthe use of a virtual Rapid

Conference Session

Integrating Research Into Undergraduate ECE Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen Hayden, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona; Yi Cheng, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona; Zekeriya Aliyazicioglu, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona; Tim Lin, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

cutting-edgeNASA-related research into the undergraduate curriculum. Cal Poly Pomona chose toincorporate the Jet Propulsion Laboratories (JPL) robotic technology research into theundergraduate curricula of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, theEngineering Technology Department, Mechanical Engineering Department, and the ComputerScience Department. We proposed to conduct an interdisciplinary project, "Deep SpaceExploration using Smart Robotic Rovers", and develop an autonomous robotic rover.During the last three years, students and faculty participating in this program have developed arobotic rover that has successfully accomplished the initial goals of the project: (1) semi-autonomous navigation systems for remote robots, (2

Conference Session

Assessment of Graphics Programs

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

James Higley; Jana Whittington; Joy Colwell

Sp Sp Sp Semester Figure 2 – Number of StudentsStarting an Assessment ProgramOverall, computer technology related programs in the field of industrialtechnology represent a rapidly emerging area of study [2]. Rapidly emergingprograms must be continuously assessed and monitored to make certain that they

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 5B: Work-In-Progress: 5 Minute Postcard Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hyun J. Kwon, Andrews University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Paper ID #17464Web publication utilized as a communication tool for first year engineeringstudentsDr. Hyun J. Kwon, Andrews University Dr. Hyun Kwon is a professor of Department of Engineering and Computer Science at Andrews Univer- sity, MI. She graduated from University of Louisville with Ph.D. in chemical engineering. She teaches Fluid dynamics, Thermodynamics, Linear System Analysis, Feedback control systems, etc. She enjoys employing new technologies to the undergrad classroom to make learning more fun and have students better prepared for the fast-changing tech world. c American Society for

Conference Session

Student-led Research on Engineering Education - Quantitative Methodologies

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Roger Haase, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Student

-miaoulis. [Accessed 11 January 2015].[8] D. Chittenden, "Commentary: Roles, opportunities, and challenges—science museums engaging the public in emerging science and technology," Journal of Nanoparticle Research, vol. 13, pp. 1549-1556, 2011.[9] M. Morentin and J. Guisasola, "The role of science museum field trips in the primary teacher preparation," International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, pp. 1-26, 2014.[10] N. S. Stroud, Teaching and Learning Science in a Museum: Examining the role of attitudes toward science, knowledge of science, and participartory learning in an astronomy internship for high school students, Columbia University, 2008.[11] Nanoscale Informal Science Education Network, "Small Steps, Big

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Barry Jackson

disciplines, which in the buildingindustry consists of teams, is downplayed by the students working as individuals in their class-room experience. Research outside of the architectural and engineering professions suggest that“future work situations are likely to use a complex mixture of different information channels,including video conferencing, e-mail, small group work, and on-line searches.” 3 In other words,information systems are being developed which rely on an awareness of the necessity for humaninteraction intertwining with the social and technological aspects of the design process. Theseare the conceptual underpinnings of the development of a new approach.Designing the SolutionThe hypothesis is that a concurrent and collaborative design

Conference Session

Session 5 - Track 3: stEm PEER Academy

Collection

2023 Collaborative Network for Computing and Engineering Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Jennifer Ocif Love, Northeastern University; Claire Jean Duggan, Northeastern University; Jacqueline A. Isaacs, Northeastern University; Johne' M Parker, University of Kentucky; Keisha Marie Norris, Miami University

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

, economic, environmental and ethical issues facing the development of nanomanufacturing and other emerging technologies. Her 1998 NSF Career Award is one of the first that focused on environ- mentally benign manufacturing. She also guides research on development and assessment of educational computer games where students explore environmentally benign processes and supply chains in manufac- turing. She has been recognized by Northeastern University, receiving a University-wide Excellence in Teaching Award in 2000, the President’s Aspiration Award in 2005, and a College of Engineering Excel- lence in Mentoring Award in 2015. An ELATE Fellow, Dr. Isaacs has served in numerous administrative leadership roles at Northeastern

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Makayla Moster, Clemson University; D. Matthew Boyer, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

emerge to identify the benefits and detriments of this server onstudents’ educations. We propose to thematically analyze the scrapes conversations to identifythe different conversational topics that arise between various server member roles. Additionally,through our analysis we plan to provide recommendations for those seeking to start their owndepartmental Discord server. We welcome any feedback or comments on the proposed studybefore we begin our analysis.Bibliography[1] J. Goddard, "Public libraries respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, creating a new service model," Information Technology and Libraries, vol. 39, no. 4, 2020.[2] G. Konstantinou and J. Epps, "Facilitating online casual interactions and creating a community of learning in a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl A. Nelson P.E., University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Judith Marie Burnfield, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospitals' Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering; Linxia Gu, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Adam Wagler, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; William Edward Dick, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

-Lincoln Adam Wagler, Ph.D., is an assistant professor of advertising and public relations at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. His professional background and research interests revolve around interaction design, owned media, emerging technology, user experience, and cognition. Wagler’s research has been published in the Journal of Interactive Advertising, the Journal of Applied Communications, and the Journal of Media Education. Six years of professional work has been supplemented by a number of grant projects at UNL building websites, mobile apps and other digital projects.Mr. William Edward Dick, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln William Dick is currently an Adjunct Professor in

Conference Session

ECCNE Technical Session 3 - Energy and Society

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian Patrick Murphy, SUNY Buffalo State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE), Energy Conversion

fuelsTable 2 Coding Themes That Emerged from Second Cycle Pattern Coding. • New York is investing in clean energy technology with a focus on disadvantaged communities • Clean Energy technicians need to have mechanical aptitude and math and science knowledge • Training can be delivered by apprenticeship, adult education, high schools, and community colleges • On-the-job training and getting certification are essential to attract candidates, then hiring and training them • Success requires buy-in from the private sector, and candidates need access to funded programs and jobs • The government, education, and private sector will collaborate through the request for proposals and grants • Marketing and advertising the need

Conference Session

Improving Multidisciplinary Engineering Education

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Sherra Kerns; Edwin Jones; John Weese

undertook theaccreditation of engineering technology programs. In 1980, ECPD reorganized and became theAccreditation Board for Engineering and Technology with two commissions, the EAC and theTAC. Subsequently, a Related Accreditation Commission (RAC) was created to accreditprograms with roots in engineering but different from either engineering or engineeringtechnology. The growth of computer science programs led to formation of the ComputerScience Accreditation Board (CSAB) by the IEEE Computer Society (IEEE CS) and theAssociation for Computing Machinery (ACM). The emergence of computer engineeringprograms generated so much interaction between CSAB and ABET’s EAC that mergerdiscussions involving CSAB and ABET naturally arose. This merger occurred

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University; Tran Duong Nguyen, Kennesaw State University

in Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Digital Twin (DT), focusing on Sustainable design and energy efficiency. Another study he has started is developing performance certification techniques for sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy & atmosphere, materials & resources, indoor environmental quality, innovation, and design. Additionally, Tran is an energetic graduate teaching assistant with a Master of Science in Construction Management program at Kennesaw State University. He will continue his academic career as a Ph.D. student in Fall 2022 in Building Construction at the Georgia Institute of Technology from Fall 2022. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Mary K. Handley

ofengineering technology can be evaluated for technical merit, practical applicability, or any othercriterion of interest to the instructor or college.Along with achieving program goals for assessment of student learning, portfolios supportstudents in developing awareness of their strengths and weaknesses. In a good portfolioprogram, students collect their work, choose representative pieces, and reflect on this work in thefinal presentation of the portfolio. In this process they can address questions such as: Why was Isuccessful with this project? What makes a good design? How did I perform in group tasks?What else am I learning that builds on this information or skill? How can I change myperformance to better enable me to succeed?In 6 semesters of

Conference Session

Session 5 - Track 2: Community College Computing Programs' Unique Contexts for Promoting Gender Equity

Collection

2023 Collaborative Network for Computing and Engineering Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Erin Carll, University of Washington; Elizabeth Litzler, University of Washington; Gretchen Achenbach, University of Virginia; Nancy Binowski, County College of Morris; Catherine E. Brawner, Research Triangle Educational Consultants; Jamie Lee Huber Ward, WEPAN, Inc.; Sherri L Sanders; Melissa C Stange, Laurel Ridge Community College; Zhen Wu

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

stratification in education and the workforce. She was awarded the 2020 WEPAN Founders Award.Dr. Gretchen Achenbach, University of Virginia Gretchen Achenbach is a research scientist in the Department of Engineering and Society at the Uni- versity of Virginia, and at the National Center for Women and Information Technology (NCWIT). She earned her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her interests focus on science communication and gender issues in computing and technology.Prof. Nancy Binowski, County College of Morris Nancy Binowski is a Professor of Computer Science at the County College of Morris in Randolph, NJ. Prior to joining the faculty ranks, she was a Distinguished Member of Technical Staff

Conference Session

Developing an Academic Framework Supportive of our Military Veterans

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

George D. Ford, Western Carolina University; Janet C. Ford, Western Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Military and Veterans Constituent Committee

Services 9. Engineering & Scientific Research 10. Environmental Health & Safety 11. Health Care Practitioners 12. Human Resources Management & Services 13. Information Technology, Computer Science & Mathematics 14. Intelligence 15. International Relations, Linguistics & Other Social Sciences 16. Law Enforcement, Security & Protective Services 17. Legal Professions & Support Services 18. Mechanic & Repair Technologists & Technicians 19. Medical & Clinical Technologists & Technicians 20. Naval & Maritime Operations 21. Personal & Culinary Services 22. Transportation, Supply & Logistics[9].Many of the occupational specialties within these