Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT) Technical Session 10

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rajendran Swamidurai, Alabama State University; Uma Kannan, Alabama State University

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT)

University in 2017. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2025Instilling Cybersecurity Professional Skills in Undergraduate Computing StudentsAbstractCyberspace and the Internet provide the backbone of any country's modern economy andnational security. In 2024, there are approximately 400 million small businesses worldwide, with33.3 million in the United States and 1.29 million in Canada. This represents over 99.8% of allbusinesses in both nations. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, all companies had to go onlineand must now adapt to the "always-on" world in order to stay connected with their customers.These businesses cannot be successful until their customers possess confidence in the security oftheir web

Collection

2011 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Bruce Char

(analysis, testing, and design) than a typical one-paper/single-use assignment or exam question.However, the cost may be amortized by grading savings in several offerings over time of large courses. Moresophisticated question variant generation awaits instructor-ready tools.References [1] Maplesoft, Maple T.A. 7 User Guide. Maplesoft, 2011. [2] ——, Maple 15 User Guide. Maplesoft, 2011. [3] Committee on Developments in the Science of Learning for the Commission on Behavioral and So- cial Sciences and Education, How People Learn, expanded edition ed., J. Bransford, A. Brown, and R. Cocking, Eds. National Research Council, 2000. [4] H. Anton, I. Bivens, and S. Davis, Calculus, 8th ed. Wiley, 2005. [5] B. Char, “Developing questions

Conference Session

ME Division 12: Innovative Approaches to Thermodynamics

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sean Sloan, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)

Paper ID #46575Thermo for KeepsProf. Sean Sloan, Oregon Institute of Technology Sean Sloan began as a 3.5/5.0 rated professor teaching thermodynamics 15 years ago. After applying changes to delivery including demos and scaffolding, ratings are now 4.8-5.0/5. With graduate background in mechanical engineering, nuclear engineering and education, and work experience managing Naval Reactors thermal-hydraulic research, Sean uses relevant work examples to reinforce concepts. Sean now teaches thermal-fluid sciences at Oregon Tech in their Mechanical Engineering program which includes thermodynamics and CFD

Conference Session

INDUSTRY DAY: Industry-Focused Collaboration Techniques

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Leslie, Engineers Without Borders - USA

Tagged Topics

Corporate Member Council

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

eventually led to her passion and interest in EWB-USA. After six years as the volunteer Exec- utive Director, Ms. Leslie joined EWB-USA as the second Executive Director since the organization’s founding in 2002. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 The Engineering Competency ModelABSTRACT:An Engineering Competency Model has been developed to serve as a guide for the developmentof professionals in the engineering workforce. The Engineering Competency Model (“themodel”) provides a career ladder/lattice for the engineering profession and promotes anunderstanding of the skill sets and competencies that are essential to educate and train a globallycompetitive engineering

Conference Session

Career Advancement Through Engineering Leadership Development

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Gregg Morris Warnick, Micron Technology Inc.; Blandon Prowse, Micron Technology Inc.; Wai-Leong Mook, Micron Technology Inc.; Arthur Beng Chuan Lam, Micron Semiconductor Asia

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development

c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Overview and Challenges in Developing a Comprehensive Leadership Development Program in a Fortune 500 CompanyIntroductionWe live and work in a rapidly changing and global environment. Advances in technology,increasing volatility, complexity, and dramatic shifts in how work is completed requiresuccessful leaders to invest in their own personal development to meet the demands in thishighly competitive environment. Implementing and sustaining a leadership development cultureis of paramount importance for organizations to succeed and thrive in the future.This paper provides a summary of key leadership research insights for organizations to establishsustainable leadership

Conference Session

Aerospace First-Year Project-Based Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leslie Olsen, University of Michigan; Peter D. Washabaugh, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

AC 2011-1287: INITIAL IMPACT OF A FIRST-YEAR DESIGN-BUILD-TEST-COMPETE COURSELeslie Olsen, University of Michigan Professor and Director, Technical Communication ProgramPeter D. Washabaugh, University of Michigan Arthur F. Thurnau Professor Associate Professor of Aerospace Engineering Director, Wilson Student Team Project Center Page 22.879.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Initial Impact of a First-Year Design-Build-Test-Compete Course March 11, 2011AbstractFor the past six years there

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Division (ETD) Technical Session 7

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Arredondo, University of New Hampshire

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology Division (ETD)

in manufacturing from Manchester Community College - NH, BSMET and MSME degrees from the University of Massachusetts at Lowell, and a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of NH. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 VEX College Level Robotic Competition Senior Capstone ProjectAbstractThe Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) requires inclusion of acapstone project to baccalaureate engineering technology programs. Capstone project coursesintegrate technical and non-technical skills from coursework with project management skills. Acapstone project requires the solution of open-ended engineering problems with

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Djedjiga Belfadel, Fairfield University; Elif Kongar, Fairfield University; John Drazan, Fairfield University; Isaac Macwan, Fairfield University; Michael Zabinski

Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Term Design Project in Fundamentals of Engineering Course Djedjiga Belfadel, Isaac Macwan, Kongar Elif, John F Drazan and Michael Zabinski Fairfield UniversityThis Complete Evidence-based Practice paper outlines the benefits of incorporating a team-based termdesign project into a first-year engineering course for students from disciplines including Electrical,Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering as well as students with undeclared engineering majors. Thecourse is a requirement for all incoming engineering students and aims at providing pertinent knowledgeand

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Shatz, Suffolk University; Kerrie Pieloch, Suffolk University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

developmental psychopathology with underserved populations. She is the co-PI for an NSF grant which provides schol- arships and career counseling to engineering students at Suffolk University. Her role in the project is to assess career development trajectories for the scholarship students, create program evaluations, collect assessment data and disseminate information to the STEM community. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 Evaluation of the Suffolk’s Electrical Engineering S-STEM Program at Year 4 Suffolk University’s Electrical Engineering (EE) S-STEM Scholars program aims to givefull scholarships to study electrical engineering at

Conference Session

Anything New in the Mechanics of Materials?

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ing-Chang Jong, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

AC 2008-2796: DEFLECTION OF A BEAM IN NEUTRAL EQUILIBRIUM À LACONJUGATE BEAM METHOD: USE OF SUPPORT, NOT BOUNDARY,CONDITIONSIng-Chang Jong, University of Arkansas Ing-Chang Jong serves as Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Arkansas. He received a BSCE in 1961 from the National Taiwan University, an MSCE in 1963 from South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, and a Ph.D. in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics in 1965 from Northwestern University. He was Chair of the Mechanics Division, ASEE, in 1996-97. His research interests are in mechanics and engineering education. Page 13.353.1

Conference Session

Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Instruction

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seth Norberg, U.S. Military Academy; Ozer Arnas, U.S. Military Academy; Daisie Boettner, U.S. Military Academy; Michael Rounds, U.S. Military Academy; Phil Root, U.S. Military Academy; Richard Melnyk, U.S. Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Systems Analysis and Design,” Proceedings of 2003 ASEE Annual Conference and Exhibition.9 Kester, A.L., Lehnen, C. and Kirschner, P., “Just-in-Time, Schematic Supportive Information Presentation and theAcquisition of Cognitive Skills,” European Association for Research and Instruction Special Interest Group Meeting2004, Tuebingen, Germany.10 Kline, S.J. and McClintock, F.A., 1953. "Describing Uncertainties in Single Sample Experiments," MechanicalEngineering, January, 1953, p. 3.11 Choate, R.E., “A Unique Thermal-Fluid Science Course for Non-Mechanical Programs,” 2005 ASEE/IEEEFrontiers in Education Conference, Indianapolis, IN.12 Fundamentals of Engineering Supplied-Reference Handbook, 7th ed., National Council of Examiners forEngineering and

Conference Session

Division for Experimentation & Lab-oriented Studies Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kip D. Coonley, Duke University; Gautam Sai Chebrolu, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies

Paper ID #23456Enhancing a Real-time Audio Laboratory Using the MATLAB Audio SystemToolboxMr. Kip D. Coonley, Duke University Kip D. Coonley received the M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, in 1999 and the B.S. degree in Physics from Bates College, Lewiston, ME, in 1997. Following graduation from Dartmouth, he developed electronically controlled dimmers for fluorescent and incan- descent lamps at Lutron Electronics, Coopersburg, PA. From 2001 to 2005, he was a Research Engineer at RTI International, where he designed high-efficiency thermoelectrics using epitaxially grown super

Conference Session

Software Applications in ET Programs

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maddumage Karunaratne, University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

of extensive industry experience in Silicon Valley working in the semiconductor industry performing software development, application engineering, de- sign, testing and verification of digital integrated circuits. He has taught electrical and general engineering classes at Pitt-Johnstown since 2004. His research and teaching interests include Semiconductor circuit Testing and Verification, Low Power Design Analysis, Digital and Embedded Systems, Electromagnetic Wave Scattering, and IC Design Au- tomation Software development. He has authored or coauthored 26 publications and he holds one US patent and another under review. He can be reached at maddu@pitt.edu 225 Engineering and Science Building University of

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Greg N Droge, Georgia Institute of Technology; Bonnie H. Ferri, Georgia Institute of Technology; JillL L. Auerbach, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, “Work in Progress - A Program to Incorporate Portable Labs Into Lecture-BasedElectrical and Computer Engineering Courses,” Proceedings of the 2010 Frontiers in Education Conference, Oct.2010, Washington DC.3 TESSAL Center (Teaching Enhancement through Small Scale Affordable Labs)www.ece.gatech.edu/research/tessal/index.html4 B.Ferri, S. Ahmed, J. Michaels, E. Dean, C. Garyet, S. Shearman, "Signal processing experiments with the LEGOMINDSTORMS NXT kit for use in signals and systems courses," American Control Conference, pp.3787-3792, St.Louis, June 2009.5 B. Ferri, J. Auerbach, Hongyi Qu, “Distributed Laboratories: A State Machine Experiment,” proceedings 2010International Conference on Frontiers inEducation: Computer Science and Computer

Conference Session

Student Learning and Assessment

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raghu Echempati, Kettering University; Enayat Mahajerin, Saginaw Valley State University; Anca Sala, Baker College Of Flint

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

AC 2010-1003: ASSESSMENT OF A COMMON FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSISCOURSERaghu Echempati, Kettering UniversityEnayat Mahajerin, Saginaw Valley State UniversityAnca Sala, Baker College Of Flint Page 15.212.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 ASSESSMENT OF A COMMON FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS COURSEAbstractThis paper discusses the outcome of the common assessment of a sample introductoryundergraduate/graduate level course on finite element analysis (FEA) taught at three differentlocal four-year engineering colleges, namely, Baker College and Kettering University (Flint,MI), and Saginaw Valley State University (SVSU, Saginaw, MI). The

Conference Session

Construction Contracts, Law and Ethics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian William Loss JD, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Construction

Paper ID #10116Construction Contract Language; a Growing Impediment to Trust and Co-operationProf. Brian William Loss JD, Purdue University, West Lafayette A 40 year construction industry veteran with a Juris Doctorate, Brian transitioned in 2010 to academia where he now focuses on photovoltaic research, project-based learning, and high-performance building techniques. Page 24.316.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014Construction Contract Language

Conference Session

Teaching Mechanics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ing-Chang Jong, University of Arkansas; William T. Springer, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

AC 2011-91: TEACHING DEFLECTIONS OF BEAMS: COMPARISON OFADVANTAGES OF METHOD OF MODEL FORMULAS VERSUS METHODOF SUPERPOSITIONIng-Chang Jong, University of Arkansas Ing-Chang Jong is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Arkansas. He received a BSCE in 1961 from the National Taiwan University, an MSCE in 1963 from South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, and a Ph.D. in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics in 1965 from Northwestern University. He and Dr. Bruce G. Rogers coauthored the textbook Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics, Oxford University Press (1991). Professor Jong was Chair of the Mechanics Division, ASEE, 1996-97, and received the Archie Higdon Distinguished Educator Award in

Conference Session

Capstone and Design Projects in Engineering Technology

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carmine C. Balascio, University of Delaware; Beth (Becky) Kano Kinney, University of Delaware

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2012-3969: DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB-BASED PEER EVALUATION TOOL FOR TEAM PROJECTSDr. Carmine C. Balascio, University of Delaware Carmine C. Balascio, Ph.D., P.E., is an Associate Professor in the departments of Bioresources Engineer- ing and Plant and Soil Sciences at the University of Delaware. He earned bachelor’s degrees in agricultural engineering technology and mathematics from UD. He earned an M.S. in agricultural engineering and a Ph.D. double-major in agricultural engineering and engineering mechanics from Iowa State University. He teaches courses in surveying, soil mechanics, and storm-water management and has research interests in urban hydrology, water resources engineering, and

Conference Session

Thermodynamics, Fluids and Heat Transfer II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Shepard, University of St. Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Paper ID #8881The Effect of Peer-Led Review on Exam Performance in Fluid MechanicsDr. Thomas Shepard, University of St. Thomas Page 24.1205.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 The Effect of Peer-Led Review on Exam Performance in Fluid MechanicsThis paper discusses the use of peer-led review in an introductory fluid mechanics course overmultiple semesters. In the peer-led review small teams of students presented a review of materialto the entire class from a specific chapter prior

Collection

2007 St.Lawrence Section Meeting

Authors

Patrick H. Oosthuizen

here can be downloaded from theinternet.PATRICK OOSTHUIZEN is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering atQueen’ University in Kingston, Ontario. His research and teaching interests are in the areas of Heat Transfer,Compressible Flow, Energy Systems and Aerospace Engineering. He is an author of more than 500 papers injournals and conference proceedings and of two textbooks. A number of his papers deal with engineering education.

Conference Session

Innovations in Manufacturing Laboratories

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeremy John Vaillant, University of Massachusetts, Lowell ; Christopher J. Hansen, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Stephen Johnston, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Sammy G. Shina, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; David Willis, University of Massachusetts, Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Paper ID #13394Design and Implementation of an Inexpensive Laboratory for Providing Hands-On Design Prototyping and Manufacturing Experiences to Engineering Stu-dentsMr. Jeremy John Vaillant, University of Massachusetts Lowell department of Mechanical Engineering Ph. D candidate with a Masters in Mechanical Engineering with a Design and Manufacturing Concentra- tion who develops CNC technology for academic research and education. He also designs experimental hardware, electronics and software coding to automate mechanical systems.Dr. Christopher J Hansen, University of Massachusetts, LowellProf. Stephen Johnston, University of

Collection

2021 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Molu O Olumolade, Central Michigan University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Paper ID #35070Making College Campus Wheelchair Accessible: Students PerspectiveDr. Molu O Olumolade, Central Michigan University An Associate Professor of Engineering and Technology with Central Michigan university; received first and second degrees from NCA&T and doctorate degree from the University of Calgary. He has been engaged in teaching for more than a decade and has more than 20 years of industrial experience in plant engineering. His research and publications are in the areas of manufacturing scheduling, design for man- ufacturability and assembly (DFM/DFA) and preventive maintenance

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Raviv, Florida Atlantic University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Innovation.” He has been sharing his contributions with profession- als in businesses, academia and institutes nationally and internationally. Most recently he was a visiting professor at the University of Maryland (at Mtech, Maryland Technology Enterprise Institute) and at Johns Hopkins University (at the Center for Leadership Education) where he researched and delivered processes for creative & innovative problem solving. For his unique contributions he received the prestigious Distinguished Teacher of the Year Award, the Faculty Talon Award, the University Researcher of the Year AEA Abacus Award, and the President’s Leadership Award. Dr. Raviv has published in the areas of vision-based driverless cars, green

Conference Session

Solid and Structural Mechanics in Aerospace Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David C. Fleming, Florida Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Paper ID #14888A Fatigue Life Experiment for Aerospace Engineering UndergraduatesDr. David C. Fleming, Florida Institute of Technology David C. Fleming is an Associate Professor of Aerospace Engineering at the Florida Institute of Technol- ogy, in Melbourne, FL. He earned his S.B. degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1989, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Aerospace Engineering from the Univer- sity of Maryland, College Park, in 1991 and 1995, respectively. His research is in the area of composite structures, including an emphasis on application to crashworthy structures. He

Conference Session

Ocean and Marine Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert H. Mayer Jr., U.S. Naval Academy; Angela Schedel, U.S. Naval Academy

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Ocean and Marine

engineering systems. He served as chairman of ASEE’s Ocean and Marine Engineering Division from 1997-2004, and previously served in the Civil Engineer Corps of the U. S. Navy as an ocean engineer and diving officer. Phone: 410-293-6432. E-mail: mayer@usna.edu.Cmdr. Angela Schedel, U.S. Naval Academy Naval Officer, Helicopter Pilot, 1994-2005 Instructor, U.S. Naval Academy, Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dept, 2007-2013, 2015-present Science & Technology Liaison, Office of Naval Research, 2013-2015 Page 26.843.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Hex-Oid

Conference Session

EET Papers 2

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Curtis Cohenour P.E., Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

project manager. He joined Ohio University in 2002 as a research engineer working for the Ohio University Avionics Engineering Cen- ter. He has worked on projects covering a wide variety of avionics and navigation systems such as, the Instrument Landing System (ILS), Microwave Landing System (MLS), Distance Measuring Equipment (DME), LAAS, WAAS, and GPS. His recent work has included research with the Air Force Research Laboratory in Dayton, Ohio, aimed at understanding and correcting image geo-registration errors from a number of airborne platforms. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 A Low-Cost Control System Experiment for Engineering Technology

Conference Session

ECE Curriculum Innovations

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehmet Ozturk, North Carolina State University; Michael Escuti, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. dissertation was on germanium preamorphization and rapid thermal annealing for formation of ultra-shallow source/drain junctions. After graduation, he joined the faculty at North Carolina State University where he is now a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He became a presidential faculty fellow in 1995. Dr. Ozturk authored over 100 papers in journals and conference proceedings and holds 8 US patents. His current research interests center around advanced processes for new silicon based nanoelectronic devices, and innovations in undergraduate education in Electrical and Computer Engineering.Michael Escuti, North Carolina State University Michael Escuti received the BS degree in Electrical and

Conference Session

Project and Model-Based Mathematics

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Schmeelk, Virginia Commonwealth University; Jean Hodges, Virginia Commonwealth University Qatar

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

AC 2007-274: PROJECT-DIRECTED MATHEMATICSJohn Schmeelk, Virginia Commonwealth University Dr. John Schmeelk is a Professor of mathematics at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia, where he is engaged in applied mathematical research in distribution theory. He is currently teaching mathematics at VCUQatar campus in Doha, Qatar. He received his PhD from George Washington University in Washington, D.C. He has been an invited speaker to conferences in Australia, China, Brazil, Bulgaria, India and many other countries.Jean Hodges, Virginia Commonwealth University Qatar Since Fall 2004, Jean Hodges has been an Assistant Professor of Writing and Writing Center Instructor at Virginia

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Experiential Learning

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Harold R Underwood, Messiah College; Donald George Pratt, Messiah College

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Paper ID #8608Competitive Placement of Engineering Students on Multiyear Project TeamsDr. Harold R Underwood, Messiah College Dr. Underwood received his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at UIUC in 1989, and has been a faculty member of the Engineering Department at Messiah College since 1992. Besides teaching Circuit Anal- ysis, Electromagnetics, and Communications Systems, he supervises students in the Communications Technology Group on the credited Integrated Projects Curriculum (IPC) track and those participating vol- untarily via the Collaboratory for Strategic Parnternships and Applied Research. His on-going projects

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Michael Tooley; Melissa S. Tooley

Arkansas. Asis typical for new engineering educators, she teaches an average of two courses a semester,conducts research, and travels to conferences to network and present research, averaging about aweek to two weeks per month out of town.Michael Tooley, a Global Marketing Executive for Lucent Technologies, has been in thetelecommunications industry for eight years. For the last 6 years, he has telecommuted, workingat home on a full-time basis and communicating with his base office and others on his team bytelephone or email. His position involves some travel, usually about a week to two weeks permonth.Having introduced ourselves, we should state that the suggestions contained herein are just that -suggestions that have worked for us. We hope that