Conference Session

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Education Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chehra Aboukinane; Daniel N. Moriasi, USDA-ARS; Ann L. Kenimer, Texas A&M University; Kim Dooley, Texas A&M University; James DUPE Linder, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

Agricultural Engineering and his doctorate in Engineering Science with minors in Civil Engineering and Applied Statistics from Louisiana State University. Dr. Moriassi is a research hydrologist at the USDA- ARS Grazing Lands Research Laboratory. His research focuses on the development of watershed-scale models of hydrological processes, the development of model evaluation guidelines, and the application of these models on water quality and quantity issues.Dr. Ann L. Kenimer, Texas A&M University Dr. Ann Kenimer is a professor and associate provost for undergraduate studies at Texas A&M University. She earned her bachelor’s and master’s degrees in Agricultural Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic In- stitute and

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Andrew Wilkerson P.E., York College of Pennsylvania; Stephen Andrew Gadsden, University of Guelph; Andrew Lee, University of Guelph; Robert Nicholas Vandemark; Elyse Hill; Amy Domenique Gadsden, University of Alberta

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

generator. Self driving cars, trucks, andhumanoids will only be the start. Advanced robots have traditionally been taughtheavily at the graduate level, but not until recently at the undergraduate level.However, the Robotic Operating System (ROS) is a game changer in this regard.ROS allows programmers and engineers to tackle extremely difficult problemswithout specific knowledge of some of the components. In this paper we look at ayear long study of robotic arm mechanisms using a PBL technique. We detail thelearning difficulties encountered when developing a program from scratch as wellas some of the successes. As part of our measurement of merit, we provide ourmaterials on the internet and track their usage by others. Details of where andhow we

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Margaret Ellis, Virginia Tech; Catherine T. Amelink, Virginia Tech; Stephen H. Edwards, Virginia Tech; Clifford A. Shaffer, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology

material useful andinteresting it improves their motivation 20 . Earlier iterations of the course emphasizedproblem-solving heuristics in the context of classic, but more abstract, logic puzzles and mathproblems. We redesigned our problem-solving course to emphasize the application of theproblem-solving heuristics shown in Figure 1 across contemporary topics using practical skills.While Loksa et al. use an explicit strategy of coaching students through six problem-solvingstrategies for programming problems, we recommend similar strategies to our students, but morebroadly and across various types of problems encountered in Computer Science 36,27 . Our goal isto improve problem-solving skills by applying them in the meaningful context of

Conference Session

Shaping Inclusive STEM Curriculum and Teacher Development for K-12 Education

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Zarch, SageFox Consulting Group; Paula Moore; Stacey Sexton; Deborah Boisvert; Sabah Bhatnagar; Nicole Jessica Rees, Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education; Shaileen Crawford, CSforMA

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

and Secondary Education NJ Rees is the Digital Literacy and Computer Science Program Coordinator at the Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. As a queer, disabled educator, with a masters degree in electrical engineering from Columbia University, they work at an intersection of privilege, experience, and passion for inclusion.Shaileen Crawford, CSforMA Shaileen Crawford is Deputy Director of CSforMA, Inc. Shay began her career as a software developer and is now a specialist in computer science education. She advocates for early, meaningful computing experiences for all students as a mechanism for improving equity and diversity in technology fields. ©American

Collection

2022 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Laramie Potts, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Huiran Jin, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Paper ID #36207Cognitive Strategies in STEM Education: Supporting the Development ofEngineers’ Multi- and Cross-Disciplinary CompetenceDr. Laramie Potts, New Jersey Institute of Technology Dr. Laramie Potts’ is an associate professor of Engineering Technology at NJIT and serves as the program coordinator of the Surveying Engineering Technology (SET) program at NJIT. He has been working as an educator, consultant, and researcher in geoinformatics for over 20 years. Dr. Potts has worked with state and local governments as well as industry in providing technical input for geospatial mapping problems. His research focuses on

Collection

ASEE-NE 2022

Authors

Caressa Adalia Wakeman, University of Connecticut ; Amvrossios Bagtzoglou, University of Connecticut; Maria Chrysochoou, University of Connecticut

Tagged Topics

Diversity

to Associate Professor in 2013 and Full Professor in 2019 . Dr. Chrysochoou’s general research area is environmental geochemistry, with a focus on site remediation, characterization and reuse of industrial waste and construction materials. Dr. Chrysochoou’s serves as the Principal Investigator of the project ”Beyond Accommodation: Leveraging Neurodiversity for Engineering Innovation”. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation Revolutionizing Engineering Department program, this 5-year project aims at transforming educational practices and cultivate the potential of neurodivergent individuals to contribute to engineering breakthroughs American c

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 11: Leadership and Collaborations in Engineering

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Medha Dalal, Arizona State University; Adam R. Carberry, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

collaborations. Unpublished manuscript.Dalal, M. & Carberry, A. (2018) Work in progress: ‘Ways of Thinking’ of interdisciplinary collaborators. Proceedings of the 2018 American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual Conference & Exposition. Salt Lake City, UT.DeVellis, R. F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and applications (Vol. 26) (2nd Ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: the tailored design method. 4th Ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & SonsMcKenna, A. F., Froyd, J., & Litzinger, T. (2014). The complexities of transforming engineering higher education: Preparing for next steps. Journal of

Conference Session

Preparing a Modern Aerospace Workforce

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

that teams working on very large problems,across continents, are now commonplace. Large system integration tools have come into theworkplace. Conceptually, optimization can include even the “soft” aspects involving social andpolitical realities, that in fact take up a large part of project or system cost and time. Curricula inSystem Design are obvious avenues for pursuing the design of large systems. At present, theemphasis is on industrial training to use the large computer programs and databases thatcharacterize this discipline. In the curriculum, time may be better spent on the thought processes Page 13.452.5required. A valid observation

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Asad Yousuf, Savannah State University; Claire Cynthia Lehman, Bill's Robotic Solutions; Mir M. Hayder, Savannah State University

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

oneanother over the Internet. Topics are a one node to many node communication methods. EveryTopic has a unique name which is associated with a message format. Nodes can be the source tothe ROS system for multiple Topics and the same node can also receive many ROS Topics.Every ROS system has a Master Program that acts as a Name Server between nodes. Whenexecuting ROS nodes it was difficult in some cases to set the node parameters to the correctTopic name. Many of the ROS nodes needed by the mobile robot also had dozens of parameterssome of where default values were not always acceptable. Most of the solution was extractedusing material on the subject of ROS mobile robots and Turtlebot ROS launch files [3, 4, 5].There was a System Test developed for

Conference Session

Perspectives on Service Learning: Challenges, Successes, and Opportunities

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shannon M. Kellam; Guthrie J. Boleneus, Eastern Washington University; Jacob Stewart; Donald C. Richter P.E., Eastern Washington University; B. Matthew Michaelis, Eastern Washington University; Robert E. Gerlick, Eastern Washington University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

, CAD, and Capstone Design. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 An Undergraduate Engineering Service-Learning Project Involving 3D-Printed Prosthetic Hands for Children ABSTRACTThis paper describes a service-learning project in our mechanical engineering program in whichstudents 3D print and build prosthetic arms and hands for children in need within the community.Three engineering students worked with three faculty members to adapt 3D models currentlyavailable through the E-NABLE organization’s website. The children involved typically have alimb missing either below the wrist or below the elbow. The 3D printed device provides a

Conference Session

Assessment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faouzi Bouslama, Zayed University; Azzedine Lansari, Zayed University; Akram Al-Rawi, Zayed University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

basis for curriculum analysis and student assessment. They are: Problemidentification and analysis (PIA), Problem solving (PS), Internet technologies and applications(ITA), Systems principles and practices (SYS), and Technical communication (TC). The focusof this study will be on the assessment of the ZULOs in CIS courses. A similar assessment canbe done for the MALOs.2.2. CIS courses and learning outcomesThe College of Information Systems (CIS) at Zayed University seeks to produce graduateshaving current and comprehensive education in information systems (IS). The collegecoursework provides opportunities for students to develop competency and documentachievement in the ZULOs. In fact, all CIS courses are required to clearly show the

Conference Session

Teaching Courses in Renewable Energy Systems

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arthur Haman, University of Detroit Mercy; Robert Ross, University of Detroit Mercy; Mark Schumack, University of Detroit Mercy; Will Wittig, University of Detroit Mercy; David Chew, University of Detroit Mercy; Krysten Dzwigalski, University of Detroit Mercy; Chris Keimig; Meghann Mouyianis, University of Detroit Mercy; Tim Rourke, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

, and energy systems. His ongoing pedagogical interests include developing ways to teach energy conservation and sustainability principles. He has held several leadership positions in the Energy Conversion and Conservation Division of ASEE. His research interests include thermal/fluid modeling using computational techniques, with applications in the automotive, manufacturing, and energy fields. Dr. Schumack earned his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Michigan.Will Wittig, University of Detroit Mercy Will Wittig is an Associate Professor in the School of Architecture at the University of Detroit Mercy. He is also the Co-Director of the

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Electrical ET

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

AHAMAD FARHOUD

. Triebel and A. Singh, the 8088 and 8086 Microprocessors, Programming, Interfacing, Software, Hardware and Applications, 3 rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2000. 4. S. Oualline, Practical C++ Programming, 2nd Edition, O’reilly, 2003. 5. Data Sheet, http://www.national.com 6. R. F. Coughlin and F. F. Driscoll, Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2001. Biography AHMAD M. FARHOUD is currently an assistant professor in the Engineering Technology Department at the University of Toledo. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Toledo in 1985, 1987 and 1991 respectively. His research and teaching interests cover the areas of

Conference Session

Introduction to Engineering and More

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Jared Berrett

Page 9.1198.1 technological literacy, including what works and what doesn’t, given specific goals, outcomes, resources, and situations, we can better prepare a technologically literate citizenry to ensure our Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Educationdemocracy will continue to flourish. Recently a case study was conducted to investigate thischallenge to understand the practice of an exemplary technology teacher (Mr. Brad Thode, theinstructor of the Wood River Middle School Technology Education Program in Hailey ID), hisvision of technological literacy and how he shapes classroom

Conference Session

ET Distance Learning

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Charlie Edmonson; Donna Summers

Session 1647 Distance Learning: Things to be Aware of or Wary of When Combining a Resident Course With a Distance Learning Course Charlie P. Edmonson Donna C.S. Summers University of DaytonAbstractThe University of Dayton recently entered into a 2 + 2 matriculation agreement withEdison Community College located in Piqua, Ohio. Students in the program willcomplete their Associates Degree requirements at Edison before transferring to TheUniversity of Dayton to finish their Bachelors Degree in Engineering Technology. Sincethe distance between the

Conference Session

Best Teaching Practices for ABET

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Mary Crawford, University of Texas at Austin; Kathy Schmidt, The University of Texas at Austin

boosting the number of underserved students who possess the math competencies required to enter UT engineering programs. The various initiatives of the project include professional development workshops for middle school and high school math teachers, development of a catalogue and tracking system for math resources and application kits, recruiting high school students, and supporting first year engineering undergraduates through a mentoring program and skill development workshops. In addition to coordinating the project management and evaluation, the FIC is contributing instructional design and media development services for this project. We realize that recruitment and retention of

Conference Session

Instrumentation Poster Session

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

David Loker

., Telecommunications, Prentice Hall, 2001.2. Frenzel, L., Principles of Electronic Communication Systems, Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 1998.3. Cole, M., Introduction to Telecommunications: Voice, Data, and the Internet, Prentice Hall, 2002.4. Thurwachter, C., Data and Telecommunications: Systems and Applications, Prentice Hall, 2000.5. Tomasi, W., Electronic Communications Systems: Fundamentals Through Advanced, Prentice Hall, 2001.6. National Instruments, Lab-PC-1200 DAQ card manual, 1996.DAVID R. LOKERDavid R. Loker received the M.S.E.E. degree from Syracuse University in 1986. In 1984, he joined General Electric(GE) Company, AESD, as a design engineer. In 1988, he joined the faculty at Penn State Erie, The BehrendCollege, in the Electrical Engineering Technology

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Rodney Allen; Richard M. Felder; Catherine E. Brawner

, and technology use in the classroom. She is the principal evaluator of theSUCCEED Coalition.RICHARD FELDERRichard Felder is Hoechst Celanese Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering at North Carolina State Universityand Faculty Development Codirector of the NSF-sponsored SUCCEED Coalition. He is a Fellow Member of theASEE, and codirector of the National Effective Teaching Institute.RODNEY H. ALLENRod Allen is a research scientist and independent computer consultant. His company, COMP-AID, specializes ininnovative applications, crisis consulting, e-commerce, Internet, computer aided design,computer graphics, efficientcomputing, and teaching computer courses, short courses, and seminars.REBECCA BRENTRebecca Brent is an educational consultant

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Kean, California Polytechnic State University; Brian P. Self, California Polytechnic State University; Mathew Bissonnette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

wecompare values. Through coordinated discussion lead by the instructor, we try to ensure that allgroups are on a trajectory for success. We also compare measurement values at this meeting.Some appliances due to their size (refrigerators) or voltage (electric dryers) are more difficult tomeasure, so we share measurements throughout the class as necessary. Students are provided agrading rubric for their rebate program deliverable, and typical scores earned for this activity are7-10 points out of a possible 10.Obviously, appliance electricity consumption data is readily available via the internet, so it couldbe argued that the first half of this MEA (the data acquisition portion) is unnecessary. In fact, ourexperience is the opposite. Engineering

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Susan Montgomery

and distraught students 6.Curriculum Required program Sample audit sheet (see Figure 1) Sample schedule by term Suggestions for elective courses, divided by area of interest Representative schedule for combined programs with other majors. Courses approved for advanced science credit Description of various math sequences Description of Humanities and Social Science Requirements List of courses approved for Humanities and Social Science credit by the College Page 3.7.2Information Frequently asked student questions, regarding

Collection

2006 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Saeed Khan, Kansas State University at Salina; Beverlee Kissick, Kansas State University at Salina

: “Accessibility: Creating opportunities for widespread ownership and use of PCs through affordability, access and content, including the development of fully featured, affordable PCs tailored to regional needs. Connectivity: Expanding wireless broadband Internet access by cultivating the required ecosystems and encouraging deployment, including the broad promotion of WiMAX trials and deployments; Education: Preparing students for success in the global economy through education programs and resources, including professional development for teachers world wide7.” Intel said the company would provide free training in computer technology for 800,000 Indianteachers over the next five years12.Apple’s iPod:The

Conference Session

Track 3 - Session II - Faculty Development

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Stephen Hundley, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Lynn G Brown, The Boeing Company

Tagged Topics

Faculty Development

Paper ID #8302The Attributes of a Global Engineer Project: Updates, Inputs, Faculty Devel-opment ConsiderationsDr. Stephen Hundley, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis Dr. Stephen P. Hundley is Chair and Associate Professor in the Department of Technology Leadership and Communication at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). He also serves as IUPUI’s Associate Vice Chancellor for Strategic Initiatives.Ms. Lynn G Brown, The Boeing Company Lynn G. Brown is the Corporate Higher Education and STEM International Program Manager for for The Boeing Company and the Chairperson of the ASEE

Conference Session

Topics Enhancing ET Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Johnson, Texas A&M University; Jorge L Alvarado, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

projects weresourced from industry and internal clients; this is again likely still the case.The importance and role of Capstone courses in engineering, and especially in engineeringtechnology programs that pride themselves on their practical nature, has led to a significantamount of research and experimentation related to various aspects of these courses. Watkinsexamined a list of best practices related to project advising and was able to significantly reducethe number of negative comments and ratings associated with the course 4. Others haveintroduced standardization and increased the focus on professional skills to improve theCapstone course experience 5. Turner discusses the process of refocussing a Capstone coursefrom project management

Conference Session

Embedded Systems & Cybersecurity for ECE

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

B. Lorena Villarreal, DigiPen Institute of Technology; Jeremy N. Thomas, DigiPen Institute of Technology; Christian Hassard, Digipen Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

competent.Students agree that this course helps them practice and improve the ABET Student outcomes.We assess their technical and soft skills using different rubrics and also compare the grades withresults from subsequent years. Even when the course has been recently developed, we find thatthere is a trend between the grades of different courses. The tendency shows that if students areproficient in this project course, they will do better in further theoretical courses.IntroductionA critical goal of an engineering program should be to expose students to state of the art andemerging technologies in order for them to achieve and develop all the skills and abilitiesrequired in industry. Today, easy access of information and knowledge through the internet

Conference Session

Design in Freshman and Sophomore Courses

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruth Wertz P.E., Purdue University, West Lafayette; Meagan C. Ross, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Michael Fosmire, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica E. Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Senay Purzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

literacy, resulting in over confidence of their own abilityto seek and evaluate information 12. In a recent study comparing observations of informationsearch behaviors of undergraduate students to Kuhlthau’s 13 Information Search Process (ISP)model, Holliday and Li 14 suggest that students are skipping steps and ending the search processprematurely because they are satisfied with the volume of information they collected, despite ageneral lack of depth in coverage of the topic area they are researching. In general,undergraduate students use a very limited variety of information sources, and fail to criticallyevaluate the sources they do use 15. Recent studies 15-16 indicate that most students (71- 94%) aredependent on internet search engines (e.g

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susannah Howe, Smith College; Sophia L. Poulos, Smith College; Laura Mae Rosenbauer, Smith College

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

was either not applicable or that their capstone program was runby only a single faculty member.The largest number of responses mapped to the “shared responsibility” category. Within this, the mostcommon responses (n=38) indicated some form of tiered system with one primary course instructor whomanages the course and oversees other faculty who mentor teams, with comments such as the following: Lead instructor manages a teaching team comprising other faculty, academic coordinator, staff engineers and teaching assistants. (R57) One faculty is the main coordinator and others just mentor teams. (R21)Nearly as many responses (n=36) within the “shared responsibility” category noted that multiple facultyshare the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hatice O. Ozturk, North Carolina State University; Dianne Raubenheimer, Meredith College; Alina N. Duca, NC State University; H. Joel Trussell, North Carolina State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

interventions done to increase the number of women in engineering.Dr. Dianne Raubenheimer, Meredith College Dr. Dianne Raubenheimer is Director of Research, Planning and Assessment at Meredith College, Raleigh, North Carolina. She also works as an educational consultant, primarily as external evaluator on educa- tional research and development grants.Dr. Alina N. Duca, NC State University Dr. Alina Duca is a Teaching Associate Professor and the Director of the Undergraduate Programs in the Mathematics Department at North Carolina State University. Her primary interests are in educational research about the teaching and learning of mathematics by pre-service teachers and STEM undergraduate students.Dr. H. Joel Trussell

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session: Quantitative Instrument Development

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexa Ray Ronsairo Fernando, National University, Philippines; Nurzal Effiyana binti Ghazali, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Fatin Aliah Phang FASc, Centre for Engineering Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Nor Farahwahidah Abdul Rahman, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

profile reveals their intricate roles and contributions, emphasizing the interplaybetween knowledge creation, application, and stakeholder alignment. Their diverse experiencessuggest that they will lead to comprehensive and balanced recommendations.As shown in Figure 3, cognitive competencies such as "Creative Thinking and Ideation,""Critical Thinking," and "Knowledge of Fundamental Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering,"all received a perfect 100% agreement, emphasizing their foundational relevance. The lowestwithin this category, "Business Literacy," still achieved a high 90%, showing its growingrecognition. Functional competencies such as "Data Fluency," "Digital Skills," and"Programming and Automation" reached 100% consensus, which reflects

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Technical Session - NAE Grand Challenges, Graduate Students, Sustainability, and Makerspaces

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kavitha Chandra, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Trina Kershaw, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth; Susan Tripathy, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Max Denis, University of the District of Columbia; Jorge Allen, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Hong Liu, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth; Tzuyang Yu, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Charles Thompson, University of Massachusetts Lowell

) Hong Liu is a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. She received B.S. degree with Honors in Computer Science and Mathematics dual-major and M.S. degree in Computer Science from Hefei Polytechnic University in 1982 and 1984, respectively. She received Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from New York University in 1990; her dissertation in the Internet Design won Brownstein Doctoral Research Award. Dr. Liu integrates research, education, and application in computer networks, cyber-physical systems, and network security. She published numerous papers with her students and collaborators on refereed journals and peer-reviewed conference proceedings. Dr. Liu, jointly with

Collection

ASEE 2021 Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Authors

Araceli Martinez Ortiz, Texas State University; Bobbi J. Spencer, Texas State University; Cindy Rojas

UsersThere are two main types of VR software used in the development of VR learning experiences:toolkits and authoring systems. Many elements (modeling, coding, and then executing) aregenerated and built in each VR environment and these elements are then combined into a singlepackage (Bierbaum & Just, 1998). The first type includes special programs for library usage thatallow a proficient programmer to create a VR application by introducing a set of functions(Toolkits). However, the authoring systems are a simple program created without havingrecourse to detailed programming, only to graphical interfaces. Five popular softwareapplications were considered to create an interactive 360° virtual tour. These five softwarepackages are briefly