Conference Session

Program Delivery Methods and Real World Concepts

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raghvinder Sangwan, Pennsylvania State University; Kathryn Jablokow, Pennsylvania State University-Great Valley; Matt Bass, Siemens Corporate Research; Dan Paulish, Siemens Corporate Research

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

. Prior to this, he worked in the areas of software measurement and software process improvement methods for software projects. Dr. Paulish is a co-author of Software Metrics: A Practitioner's Guide to Improved Product Development, published by IEEE Press, and the author of Architecture-Centric Software Project Management, published by Addison Wesley. Dr. Paulish holds a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the Polytechnic University in Brooklyn, NY. Page 11.257.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 Asynchronous collaboration: achieving shared understanding

Conference Session

International Division (INTL) Technical Session: International Programs and Curricula I

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carolyn "Kelly" Ottman, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Sohum A. Sohoni, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

Professor at Arizona State University. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2024 Lessons learned to promote teaching-oriented cross-cultural international mentoring and collaborationAbstractThis paper centers on two case studies, spanning 2020-2022, based on a partnership between aMid-western private United States (US) university (ranked in top 10 in Mid-west) and a southernprivate Indian university (ranked in top 35 in India). The goal of the collaboration was multi-faceted and designed as a traditional mentoring (US) to mentee (India) relationship. Thispractice-oriented paper is intended for faculty and administrators who might be engaged in or arelooking to engage in a similar

Conference Session

IED Technical Session: Preparing Students for the Future

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Miller, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Daniel Emery

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

Paper ID #23504A Framework for Collaborative Peer Review for Group-written DocumentsProf. Lisa Miller, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Lisa Miller is an Associate Teaching Professor and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the University of Minnesota. In addition to 9 years at U of M, she also spent 6 years at Target Corporation working in optimization and analytics.Dr. Daniel Emery c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 A Framework for Collaborative Peer Review for Group-Written

Conference Session

International Aspects of Civil Engineering

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Lambert, Arup; Allen Estes, California Polytechnic State University; Craig Baltimore, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

. Page 14.990.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Project Managers, Architects and Engineers, Oh My: An Interdisciplinary CollaborationAbstractThe Architectural Engineering (ARCE) Program at the California Polytechnic State University inSan Luis Obispo is creating a unique and novel interdisciplinary course where architecture,architectural engineering and construction management students collaborate to design and planthe construction of a building structure. The current plan is to develop a default interdisciplinaryexperience that can be taken by every student and then allow course substitutions for otheroptions as they are created. This paper reports on one of those other options

Conference Session

Novel Pedagogical Techniques II: Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Miriam R. Wattenbarger, University of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #20535A Collaborative and Interdisciplinary Course in Drug Delivery SystemsDr. Miriam R. Wattenbarger, University of Pennsylvania Dr. Miriam Wattenbarger is a senior lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania. She teaches biotechnology and biochemical engineering courses and labs, and co-directs a drug delivery systems course with faculty from the engineering and medical school. Miriam is also very interested in community STEM outreach to students and developing community service learning programs for undergraduate students. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017A Collaborative

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William W. Tsai, California State University, Maritime Academy; Amber Janssen MLIS, California State University, Maritime Academy

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Paper ID #22412Reinforcing Information Fluency: Instruction Collaboration in Senior Cap-stone Laboratory CourseDr. William W. Tsai, California State University, Maritime Academy Dr. William W. Tsai is an assistant professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Califor- nia State University, Maritime Academy (CSUM). His research background is fluid mechanics and heat transfer and is examining research topics in laboratory education in those fields. Prior to CSUM, Dr. Tsai was a Member of the Technical Staff in the Fluid Mechanics Group at The Aerospace Corporation. Dr. Tsai earned his Ph.D., M.S., and B.S. at the

Conference Session

Technical Session 1: Collaborating with Engineering Students and Faculty

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleshia Huber, Binghamton University; Jill Dixon, Binghamton University; Sandy Card, Binghamton University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Paper ID #17863Redesign of Library Spaces: A Collaborative Project with Engineering Stu-dentsAleshia Huber, Binghamton University Aleshia Huber is the Engineering Librarian at Binghamton University. She has a B.S. in Chemistry and an M.S. in Library and Information Science, both from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Her interests include information literacy instruction and usability studies.Jill Dixon, Binghamton University Associate Librarian Jill Dixon serves as the Director of Public Services at Binghamton University Li- braries. She oversees the development and implementation of innovative services and

Conference Session

Capstone Design Projects in Mechanical Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Janna, University of Memphis; John Hochstein, University of Memphis

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

2006-578: COLLABORATION OF FRESHMAN WITH SENIORS IN A CAPSTONEDESIGN COURSEWilliam Janna, University of Memphis William S. Janna joined the faculty of The University of Memphis in 1987 as Chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering. He served as Associate Dean for Graduate Studies and Research in the Herff College of Engineering. His research interests include boundary layer methods of solution for various engineering problems, and modeling the melting of ice objects of various shapes. He is the author of three textbooks, a member of ASEE and of ASME. He teaches continuing education courses in the area of piping systems and in heat exchanger design and selection, for ASME. Dr

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Efforts in Upper-level Courses

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael S Thompson, Bucknell University; Andrew Ciotola, Stadler Center for Poetry, Bucknell University; Daniel Mancusi, Bucknell University; Mark Yerger, Bucknell University; Adam B Gegg

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

for their collective efforts tied to business intelligence and analytics at Bucknell.Mr. Adam B Gegg c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 The Bucknell Poetry Path App Experiment: A Collaboration Across CampusAbstractThis paper details the experience of creating a smartphone app for Bucknell’s Poetry Paththrough a collaboration between three groups on campus - a course, the IT group, and an on-campus arts center. The students in the class served as the “hub” of the collaboration, requiringthem to communicate with each other and with other groups on campus on a project that was likeno other in their experience. The result is an actively deployed

Conference Session

Teams, Capstone Courses, and Project Based-Learning

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julian Ly Davis, University of Southern Indiana; Natasha Smith P.E., University of Southern Indiana; Michael McLeod, Accuride Corporation

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Associate Professor at the University of Southern Indiana.Michael McLeod, Accuride Corporation Michael McLeod is a Senior Project engineer with Accuride Corporation devoted to numerical simulation and analysis of steel and aluminum wheel products for the commercial truck industry. He has 30+ years of experience of analysis experience including finite element analysis. His academic background started with Bachelor’s degree in Aerospace Engineering degree from Auburn University and continued with a Masters degree in Mechanical Engineering from University of Alabama in Huntsville. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Collaborating with Industry Partner within an Undergraduate

Conference Session

The Designer of 2020: Innovations in Teaching Design

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James H. Hanson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; John Aidoo, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Capstone Design: Insights from an International Collaborative Student Team James H. Hanson1, Frank Annor2, John Aidoo1, Appiah Gyamera Adu2, Eric Davenport1, Alex Kline1, Afua Owusu2, Ben Sollman1, and David Tikoli2 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyAbstract:Since 2005 the Civil Engineering Department at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology (RHIT)has had at least one international capstone design project each year. For each of those projects,the student team worked on a project for a

Conference Session

Communication Across the Divisions I: Communication in Engineering Disciplines

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Conrad, Portland State University; William A. Kitch, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Timothy James Pfeiffer P.E., Foundation Engineering, Inc.; Tori Rhoulac Smith, Howard University; John V. Tocco J.D., Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

engineering from Howard University.Prof. John V Tocco JD, Lawrence Technological University Page 26.1432.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Students Writing for Professional Practice: A Model for Collaboration among Faculty, Practitioners and Writing SpecialistsAbstractThis paper presents the principles, procedures, materials, and assessment of a new approach toimprove the teaching of writing in engineering. The Civil Engineering Writing Project aims toimprove students’ preparation for writing in industry by developing new

Conference Session

Capstone and Collaborations in Civil Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Conrad, Portland State University; William A Kitch P.E., Angelo State University; Tori Rhoulac Smith, Howard University; Kenneth W. Lamb P.E. Ph.D, California State Polytechnic University - Pomona; Timothy James Pfeiffer P.E., Foundation Engineering, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Paper ID #15308Faculty-practitioner Collaboration for Improving Civil Engineering Students’Writing SkillsProf. Susan Conrad, Portland State University Susan Conrad, Professor of Applied Linguistics, is the head of the Civil Engineering Writing Project, in which engineering faculty, engineering practitioners, and writing specialists collaborate to improve writ- ing instruction in civil engineering courses. She has written numerous articles and books about English grammar, discourse, and corpus linguistics.Dr. William A Kitch P.E., Angelo State University Dr. Kitch is Professor and Chair of the Civil Engineering

Conference Session

Capstone Projects and Experiential Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian D Vuksanovich, Youngstown State University; Darrell R Wallace, Youngstown State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2011-1938: EVALUATION OF STEM+ART COLLABORATION FORMULTIDISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY LABORATORYBrian D Vuksanovich, Youngstown State University Assistant Professor Mechanical Engineering Technology Youngstown State UniversityDr. Darrell R Wallace, Youngstown State University Page 22.653.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Evaluation of STEM+Art Collaboration for Multidisciplinary Engineering Technology LaboratoryAbstractThe need to restore manufacturing competitiveness in the United States has become increasinglyevident over the past decade. A common weakness that

Conference Session

Manufacturing Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniela Faas, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Emily Ferrier, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Engineering Education, 2019 A Unified and Collaborative Approach to Risk Classification for Fabrication and Library SpacesAbstractThis paper describes an effort to redesign risk assessment for tools and equipment across ourcampus. Existing classification schemas for assessing tool risk and safety are often restrictiveand intimidating. The previous risk classification framework at Olin College did not address theaddition of fabrication capabilities in learning spaces outside of the original machine shop,including the library, research labs, and studio classrooms. Furthermore, the old system waslimited to manufacturing equipment located in the machine shop and did not addressnon-powered tools. As a result of these

Conference Session

Student Teams, Groups, and Collaborations

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Penny Kinnear, University of Toronto; Patricia Kristine Sheridan, University of Toronto; Greg Evans, University of Toronto; Doug Reeve, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

research focuses on methods to improve the teaching and learning of team effectiveness in engineering design courses.Dr. Greg Evans, University of Toronto GREG EVANS is a Professor of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry and the Director of the Collaborative Program in Engineering Education at the University of Toronto. . He is the Director of the Southern Ontario Centre for Atmospheric Aerosol Research and Associate Director of the Institute for Leadership Education in Engineering (ILead). He has been awarded the 2015 Ontario Conferderation of University faculty Associations Teaching Award, the 2014 Allan Blizzard Award, the 2014 Faculty Teaching Award, the 2013 Northrop Frye Award for Linking Teaching and

Conference Session

Design Education II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert L. Mott, University of Dayton; Terrance L. Speicher, Pennsylvania State University, Berks College

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

University, and Nebraska in theUnited States plus others in the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, and Russia.Programs include student exchanges, faculty exchanges, research collaboration, and dual-degreeprograms (2+2 and 3+1). Currently 150 students are pursuing a 3+1 dual degree program at XPUand Canterbury Christ Church University in the UK, leading to the BS and MS degrees. XPU was founded in 1912 as the machine weaving facility of the Beijing high school ofindustry. In 1978, it became the Northwest Textile Institute. In 1998, control was transferred tothe Shaanxi Province Ministry of Education and in 2001 the name was changed to Xi'anPolytechnic University. Engineering is now the leading major chosen by its students. From

Conference Session

Minoritization Processes and Critical Responses

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ellen Foster, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Donna M. Riley, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

key principles ofthe Highlander Center are to identify root causes of issues, and work on these systemic issues inconsistent and generative ways instead of focusing on problems (e.g., not enough women inengineering). The outcome of this shift is that instead of focusing on getting more womenacclimated to the system of engineering education and practice, we can identify the root cause ofsexism, and ask what measures could be taken to combat sexism in the world of engineeringeducation and practice. This framing clearly would connect us to others working on issues ofsexism in engineering and in other contexts, with whom we could learn and collaborate. Theorganizers engaged studied, or collaborated with groups including Showing up for Racial

Conference Session

New Engineering Educators: Off the Beaten Path

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robin Adams, Purdue University; Cheryl Allendoerfer, University of Washington; Tori Rhoulac Smith, Howard University; David Socha, University of Washington; Dawn Williams, Howard University; Ken Yasuhara

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

education research and strategies for success. In thispaper, we provide an overview on storytelling, describe our use of stories for buildingcommunity in engineering education, and summarize results from the evaluation of ourinteractive FIE storytelling session.IntroductionThe engineering education research community is evolving. Some evidence of this is the growthof capacity building programs such as year-long mentored or collaborative researchexperiences[1-4] and departments of engineering education (e.g., Purdue University, VirginiaTech). At a smaller scale are workshops and interactive sessions at engineering educationconferences that focus on research skill development [5-7]. Venues for disseminating engineeringeducation scholarship are also

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division (WIED) Technical Session 4

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nadah Al Theeb, Purdue Engineering Education

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering Division (WIED)

, including engineering. However, changing cultural norms is a complex andchallenging process that requires sustained effort and collaboration among various stakeholders.For example, policymakers can collaborate with community leaders, religious figures, and otherinfluencers to encourage inclusive cultural norms and promote positive change from within. Inaddition, addressing the structural barriers that prevent women from accessing education andemployment opportunities in STEM fields is crucial. This includes implementing mentorshipprograms, networking opportunities, and creating a supportive environment fostering diversity andinclusion. Gender parity in STEM benefits women and contributes to the growth and development ofthe economy and

Conference Session

COED Modulus Topics

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martha Cervantes, Johns Hopkins University ; Raphael Norman-Tenazas; Adam Goertz; Erik C. Johnson, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; William Roberts Gray-Roncal

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

pursuing a M.S. in Mechanical Engineering at the Johns Hopkins University.Raphael Norman-TenazasAdam GoertzMr. Erik C. Johnson, University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignWilliam Roberts Gray-Roncal ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 BOLT: A SwarmAI Testbed for workforce development and collaborative, interdisciplinary researchAbstractEducating the next generation of AI researchers requires methods which teach the software tools,theoretical concepts, and domain knowledge specific to the field. To help develop these keyskills, we focus particularly on the area of Swarm AI, which, in general, covers the autonomousoperation of a large number of agents in a single environment

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Appiah-Kubi, University of Dayton; Melissa McCabe, University of Dayton; Vincent Lewis, University of Dayton; Rebecca Blust, University of Dayton; James Brothers, University of Dayton; Phil Doepker

McCabeVincent C Lewis (Associate Vice-President, Ent. Initiatives)Rebecca P. Blust (Assistant Professor)James Brothers © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.comExperiential Learning as a Tool for Deep Collaboration Between Business and Engineering MajorsAbstractCollaboration in higher education has seen many improvements in recent years. Programs thatused to operate in silos incorporate some form of collaboration in their curriculum. However, thereis still the need to expand interdisciplinary collaborations through experiential learning. TheUniversity of Dayton received a generous donation from an alumnus to support

Conference Session

Computers in Education 4 - Online and Distributed Learning I

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mia Taylor, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Danny Mathieson, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Leanna House, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Chris North

© American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Andromeda in the Classroom: Collaborative Data Analysis for 8th Grade Engineering Design1 IntroductionCollaborative data analysis enables students to explore and analyze multi­dimensional datatogether. This case study shows how collaborative data analysis can be successfully integratedinto teaching the engineering design process using novel software called Andromeda.Andromeda is an interactive tool that seeks to make analysis of multi­dimensional data accessiblefor novices. Multi­dimensional data is often difficult for people to understand because it relatesmultiple variables, for example all the many

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Evelyn Hanna, Kent Place School ; Carey Gates; Michelle Stevenson, The Kent Place School

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

Conference Session

Reviewing Emergent Topics and Theory in Engineering Education

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jack Elliott, Utah State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

relationship toeach other, this paper proposes a framework regarding the mediating role of knowledgesymmetry (i.e., how similar two individual’s knowledge levels are) in the co-construction andco-regulation of learners, which (to the author’s knowledge) has yet to be synthesized forcurricular design in the relevant literature. Finally, this paper provides a framework-baseddiscussion to benefit educators seeking collaboration in the classroom.BackgroundAs an engineer and educator, the author’s work in engineering education has focused onidentifying variables related to learning for the purpose of improvement. To date, the author’sexperience has led them to the epistemological understanding that the learner and otherindividuals are inseparable variables

Conference Session

Principles of K-12 Engineering Education and Practice

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michelle E. Jordan , Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Paper ID #10605Exploring How Design Critique Processes Shape Fifth Graders’ Peer Inter-action in Collaborative Engineering ProjectsDr. Michelle E. Jordan , Arizona State University Michelle Jordan earned her PhD in Educational Psychology at the University of Texas at Austin, focusing her studies on learning, cognition, and motivation with an emphasis on classroom discourse. She joined the Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College at Arizona State University in 2010. Her interdisciplinary research draws on traditions in qualitative inquiry, sociolinguistics, complexity theories, and the learning sciences. Partnering with teachers

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Trevor B. Davey; Ngo Dinh Thinh

Session 1260 ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN VIETNAM Trevor B. Davey, Ngo Dinh Thinh California State University, SacramentoVietnam has begun to implement a reorganization of its higher education system. From 1979through 1989, Vietnam was strongly influenced by the Soviet Union and higher educationfocused on Soviet Studies, Russian language instruction, and science and engineeringcurriculums dominated by work done in the Soviet Union. In 1989, the Vietnamese governmentembarked on a policy that would shift it away from a dominant Soviet influence and movetoward a market economy featuring private property

Conference Session

Faculty Attitudes and Perceptions

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Mativo, The University of Georgia; Maura Borrego, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

. Borrego holds an M.S. and Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from Stanford University. Her current research interests center around interdisciplinary collaboration in engineering and engineering education, including studies of the collaborative relationships between engineers and education researchers. Investigations of interdisciplinary graduate programs nationawide are funded through her NSF CAREER award. Page 13.970.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Perceptions of Engineering EducationAbstractThe impact of engineering education seems to be felt in all veins of

Conference Session

TELPhE Division Technical Session 2: The Broadening Face of Engineering Education

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

; Exposition, Paper ID #18272. 13 pp. DOI 10.18260/1-2—29155.[7] A. Danowitz and K. Beddoes. 2018. “Characterizing mental health and wellness in students across engineering disciplines,” Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity (CoNECD). Paper ID #24138. 10 pp.[8] S.E. Abdelhamid, C.J. Kuhlman, M.V. Marathe, S.S. Ravi, and K. Reid. 2016. “Agent-based modeling and simulation of depression and its impact on student success and academic retention,” American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. Paper ID #16861. 20 pp. DOI 10.18260/p.26545.[9] Z. Ye, X. Yang, C. Zeng, X. Li, Y. Want, Z. Shen, and D. Lin. 2020. “Resilience, social support, and coping as mediators between COVID-19

Conference Session

The Climate for Women In Engineering

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Jeffrey Jarosz; Ilene Busch-Vishniac

Session 3592 DECONSTRUCTING ENGINEERING EDUCATION PROGRAMS (DEEP) Ilene Busch-Vishniac, Jeffrey P. Jarosz Johns Hopkins UniversityThe shortage of women in the engineering workforce has been a persistent problem in spite ofsignificant efforts over decades to improve the situation. While the number of women increasedas a result of the various focused efforts, the profession is no longer seeing improvements. Thereis even evidence that the percentage of women in engineering student bodies is backsliding ratherthan improving. This has led many to question