Conference Session

Assessing, Developing, and Enhancing the Engineering Experiential Education Experience

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ralph Ocon, Purdue University, Calumet; Shoji Nakayama, Purdue University, Calumet; Opal McFarlane, Purdue University, Calumet

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

can include employees taking short cutsand/or ignoring safety rules. The Government Accountability Office (GAO) suggests thatmanagers need to initiate effective disciplinary action against employees who havenumerous accidents because of unsafe working habits. In addition, the EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) also indicates that employers will need to provide safetytraining to all newly hired employees to ensure that they do not develop unsafe workinghabits (2010). Various organizations have been addressing this issue in different wayshowever, it’s critical that each organization develop a technique that can be applied toeach unique culture and working environment15, 16. a. Application of Creativity Concept/Technique: Challenge the

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

George M. Swisher; Corinne Darvennes

, there are manyside benefits that they encounter in the process of solving differential equations via MATLAB.For example, they become comfortable thinking in a "complex matrix world" instead of alwaysin a "real scalar world" by mastering many matrix manipulation skills; these include evaluatingcomplex-valued matrices functions and finding matrix inverses, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors.Their skill in developing 2-D plots increases tremendously also. Some students developconsiderable symbolic computational skills by doing some of their homework with theSYMBOLIC toolbox functions. We have found that the graduates of this course are ready towork with many of the other MATLAB toolboxes in their later undergraduate courses. Forexample, they use

Conference Session

Launching Successful Academic Careers

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Engelken, Arkansas State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

applicable history, culture, and constraints, or the full extentof contributions of existing faculty. Web sites now make it easy for applicants tofamiliarize themselves with the university and current professors’ professional histories(for example, research record or teaching innovations), and if not meeting the newperson’s standards, it is possible for him/her to develop a marginal superiority complex.If perceiving approval from the chair or dean, they may, with good motives, propose newideas, proposals, and concerns about the status quo. They may consciously orsubconsciously try to mold the program into the image of their preceding institution(s).However, they may be perceived by senior faculty as not showing respect and deference.This causes

Conference Session

SE Curriculum and Projects

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Conry, Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

discipline have been under development for some time.Curricular guides have been developed (e.g. Software Engineering 2004) and a revised guide tothe SWEBOK is due out in 2010. Development of undergraduate programs in softwareengineering has been proceeding at a deliberate pace, so that as of October, 2009, there werenineteen baccalaureate programs in software engineering accredited by the EngineeringAccreditation Commission of ABET. This set of degree programs is of particular interestbecause each of them has been reviewed by a visiting team from ABET and found to be incompliance with the general criteria for all baccalaureate engineering programs as well as withthe program criteria applicable to software engineering programs.Of the nineteen

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Student-Centered Approaches in Design Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amit Shashikant Jariwala, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jill Fennell, Georgia Institute of Technology; Christian Sims, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

, collaborative learning through solving real-world problems. He directs the operations of the Institute-wide Georgia Tech Capstone Design Expo, which highlights projects created by over 2000 Georgia Tech seniors graduating students on an annual basis. He serves as the faculty advisor for the student organization of over 100 student volunteers who all train, staff, and manage the operations of Georgia Tech’s Flowers Invention Studio – one of the nation’s premier volunteer student-run makerspace, open to all of the Georgia Tech community. Dr. Jariwala’s research interests are in the field of makerspaces, evidence-based design education, and advanced additive manufacturing process. During his Ph.D. studies, he was also a

Conference Session

Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Fellow Perspectives on Advancing Women and Gender Equity in Engineering - for the Next 130 Years

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Baishakhi Bose, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Haleh Barmaki Brotherton, Clemson University; Theo Hopper, University of Michigan; Pamela Martínez Oquendo, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lily M. Wang P.E., University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Margaret E.B. Webb, Virginia Tech; Hannah Wilkinson, Utah State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering Division (WIED)

improvement for gender equity in K-12 education: access to STEMeducation and perceptions of womxn and other underrepresented identities in STEM. To improveaccess to STEM education, there need to be more pathways for students to explore STEM. Thiscould include summer camps, coding workshops, and visits and job shadows at laboratory spacesin national laboratories and academic institutions. Not only will this introduce students to variousSTEM careers, but it will also give students STEM role models of various identities (includingwomxn and across socioeconomic backgrounds). By showing students how scientists andengineers are working on real world problems that affect them, they may be more invested in theirscience classes and careers. Furthermore, more

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ang Liu, University of Southern California; Stephen Y. Lu, University of Southern California; Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

International

challenges that universities in the 21st century must face: what is the new valueproposition for on-campus learning, how to overcome the paradox posed by the tension betweenglobal presence and local virtue, and can we deliver quality global education right from our localcampus? With respect to engineering education that always positions itself at the frontier ofglobal education and distance education4, not only these challenges are real and present, but alsothey are more pressing and complex. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a new"Classrooms-Without-Borders" global engineering education program called iPodia, where thefirst letter "i" stands for "inverted", "interactive", and "international” learning.The iPodia program was

Conference Session

Focus on the First Year

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angel Ari Perez-Mejia, Quinnipiac University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

20% in civil engineeringcurriculums[8], it is crucial that students understand the connections between their generaleducation courses and their technical courses as well as the transferability of skills betweenthem, rather than see their liberal arts education as “a preliminary experience that paves the wayfor “real work” within the major” [9]. One of the reasons for this may be the lack of integrationof general education within the technical curriculum [5]. The timing of general educationcourses, mostly in the first year of a student’s education and before they have developed thevocabulary and knowledge of their engineering profession, results in a loss of effectiveness asthe connections and transferability between general education and the

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cristiano Cordeiro Cruz, Aeronautics Technological Institute

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

andinfluences, such as Paulo Freire’s, which take the hegemonic capitalist mainstream way of lifeand ideal of development as something to be overtaken; an ideal that must be replaced with“another possible (social-technical) world” and the myriad of the possible good living (buenvivir) it might support. Another possible world, anyway, constructed from the bottom-up, bygrassroots, local groups, and the other 90% or 99% of us, as we get empowered and becomemore conscious (or less alienated).The aim of grassroots engineering goes far beyond simply identifying local groups’ needs orurgencies and designing solutions for them. It goes even beyond designing the desired solutionsto incorporate (or in dialogue with) local group’s values and worldviews as some

Conference Session

ERM: Conceptualizations of Engineering and Engineering Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Heywood, Trinity College Dublin

-first century”. Extract from M.D. Young. The Rise of the Meritocracy. London. Thames Hudson, 1958. (2) “The British class system continues to cast its noxious shadow. For more than a century, British working- class children and teenagers have been offered second best routes to education and training. By contrast, middle-class offspring will find their way a significant minority via the queue jumping privileges of private education – to university or a professional qualification”. “Before you object, I am conscious of eliding class and educational achievement (working-class pupils have been increasing in numbers at university and why shouldn’t a middle-class child favour an apprenticeship) but in the real world, the divide between the academic

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexa N. Rihana Abdallah, University of Detroit Mercy; Mark Schumack, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

subsequent offering of the course, the problem was only partlyremediated because a service learning project was introduced and involved a large amount ofnumber-crunching in order to provide residents with estimates of energy savings. Simple calculations can be an effective way to demonstrate energy principles.Furthermore, the ability to recognize physical principles that apply to a given problem, identifygoverning formulas and desired outputs, perform calculations with numbers and unitscancellations, and intelligently judge the results are key abilities for an informed, energy-literatecitizenry. Students need to overcome their anxiety with “word” or “story” problems as they facethe real world, and the challenge for future deliveries will be to

Conference Session

Assessment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mysore Narayanan, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

to master any particularbody of information. In this presentation, the author attempts to provide guidelines forarticulating learning objectives using a discovery approach and promotes the use of certain set ofassessment methods in conjunction with appropriate rubrics that could benefit the learner as wellas the instructor.Introduction We all agree on the fact that almost all instructors ask the students to take ownership oflearning. The discovery approach used by the author tries to create and establish an innovativeinstructional design by marrying content with presentation style in theory as well as in practice.Utilizing real-world problems as a stimulus for student learning is not at all new and has been inpractice for a very long

Conference Session

Community Engagement and Humanitarian Engineering: Creating Inclusive Engineers

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patrick John Sours, The Ohio State University; xinquan Jiang, The Ohio State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division (COMMENG)

sustainable development challenges [5].The mission of the Humanitarian Engineering (HE) Program at The Ohio State University (OSU)as stated within the program mission document is to “educate students on the application ofscience and engineering to address complex societal challenges with an emphasis oncollaborating with communities to achieve their desired vision of well-being through acurriculum grounded in proven theories of sustainable development and applied engineeringand socio-cultural learning experiences.”The Humanitarian Engineering (HE) minor was created specifically with the intention of trainingstudents to develop the skillsets required to address complex societal challenges, with studentlearning outcomes related to development of

Conference Session

Knowing Ourselves: Research on Engineering Education Researchers

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johannes Strobel, Purdue University, West Lafayette; David F. Radcliffe, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Prashant Rajan, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Sadia Nawaz, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Yi Luo, Purdue University; Jea H. Choi, Purdue University; Ji Hyun Yu, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

at random has k links.The degree distribution thus, refers to the extent to which an author is well connected within aparticular network (Barabási & Albert 1999; Scott 2000; Barabási et al. 2002). A scale-freenetwork is by definition a network for which degree distribution follows a power law for thosenodes which exhibit a high degree (have a large number of ties). Thus, the fraction P(k) of nodeswhich possess k links to other nodes is characterized by: P(k) ~ k-γWhere γ is a parameter whose values typically range from 2 to 3. Many network in the real worldsuch as networks of actors who have worked with each other, the World Wide Web among otherexhibit scale-free behavior (Dorogovtsev &

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Floraliza Bornilla Bornasal, Oregon State University; Shane A. Brown P.E., Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Inscription per Resource Type page Practice 0.57 Textbooks 1.60 Course Notes 1.55Table 4. Summary of inscriptions per page (grouped by textual resources type)Another issue of interest is the distribution of inscriptions according to their abstractness relativeto the real, tangible world. Figure 4 provides a graph overlaying the inscriptional chain and therelative frequency with which inscriptions appeared within the textual resources. Someinteresting results emerge from this graph. One such result is that three types of inscriptionsrepresenting aspects of sight distance were overwhelmingly more prominent across differenttextual resources and settings

Conference Session

Girls in Engineering

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Linda S Hirsch, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

engineering is and what engineersactually do [19], but more critically, the lack of truly integrated Science, Technology,Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) curriculum [12-13, 20-21] in K-12 classroom instruction.Unfortunately, a majority of teachers are ill-prepared to present what engineering curriculumthey may have in their classroom [22-23]. As a result, most K-12 students do not experiencepractical applications of engineering and are not able to make the connection betweenmathematics, science and engineering in the real world [24-25].Proper academic preparation for college should begin as early as middle school, if not the lateelementary grades [7] particularly if students are to be prepared to enter programs in STEM [9-12, 26-27]. In addition to

Conference Session

Intersections of Identity and Student Experiences: Equity, Culture & Social Justice Technical Session 10

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kaylla Cantilina, University of Michigan; Robert Loweth, University of Michigan

designed to exclude them and discourage their pursuittowards a career in academia. Academic survival has very real mental and physical health coststo students of color, specifically Black students, that immediately disadvantages them comparedto their White counterparts [36]. Program completion for many students of color means stayingin an environment with, not only few resources to support them, but also systems and structuresthat regularly subject them to racial trauma [27], [37], [38]. Within graduate school admissions,marginalized students are disadvantaged by admissions criteria such as grade point averageminimums, extra-curricular activities or internships, and specific standardized test scoreminimums [39]. These kinds of criteria exacerbate

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Asif Mohaisin Sadri, International Islamic University, Malaysia; Arif Mohaimin Sadri, University of Oklahoma; Khondhaker Al Momin, University of Oklahoma; Javeed Kittur, University of Oklahoma; Tahrima Rouf, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

improvements. Moreover, patterns of networking asevident on social media can inform efforts to foster interdisciplinary learning opportunities.Social media data can also serve as a basis for the effectiveness of educational resources andtools shared online. These insights could also highlight areas where diversity and inclusivityefforts may be lacking, guiding institutions towards more equitable practices. Finally,tracking the post-graduation trajectories of alumni through social media can provide feedbackon the real-world applicability and success of engineering programs, enabling continuousrefinement and adaptation to industry needs.Oklahoma, like many other states in the U.S., face challenges in recruiting and retainingengineers in various sectors

Conference Session

Maps, Metaphors, Tweets, and Drafts

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Judy Randi, University of New Haven; Ronald S. Harichandran, University of New Haven; Joseph A. Levert P.E., University of New Haven; Bijan Karimi, University of New Haven

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

addition to online resources, instruction and faculty support are provided by afull-time writing instructor assigned to the College of Engineering.The context for this study was the fall semester of the Senior Design Course sequence, arequirement for seniors from all engineering disciplines. In this course, students engage in a two-semester design project in which they apply engineering principles to solve real world problems.The projects, which are proposed by industry sponsors, faculty, or students, can include actual orconceptual designs of systems, components, or processes. Most students work on projects withintheir particular disciplines, but some students work in interdisciplinary teams on projects thatinvolve more than one discipline. The

Conference Session

Assessment Issues II

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Kenneth Cox; Janice Bordeaux; David Caprette; Beth Beason; Ann Saterbak

. Ability to relate laboratory work to the bigger picture, to recognize the applicability of scientific principles to real world situations, and to recognize when seemingly minor oversights can have serious consequences.3. Ability to explain the scientific method, including the concepts of hypothesis and experimental controls, and why objectivity is essential.E. Integration and application of knowledge/experience1. Ability to integrate and apply information and experience from math and science courses to current and future work.2. Ability to apply critical thinking in the laboratory.3. Ability to recognize whether results and conclusions "make sense."http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~bioslabs/labgroup/lab_objectives.html

Conference Session

Design Across the Curriculum 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nicholas Mulka, Georgia Institute of Technology; Kinsey Herrin, Georgia Institute of Technology; Amit Shashikant Jariwala, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

,geographic separation, or social distancing requirements could make it otherwise infeasible. Thispaper reports on the perception and impact of all these tools on student satisfaction in the course.IntroductionBackgroundCapstone Design courses are commonly implemented in undergraduate engineering curriculumto satisfy ABET accreditation requirements [1] and are an effective method to provide studentswith experience developing solutions for real-world design problems. Past research [2, 3] showsthe merit of these Capstone Design courses and describes the function of these courses. Acrossvarious Schools and Colleges, Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) has over 1000students from around 200 teams to work on their course projects each semester

Conference Session

Capstone Design & Project Courses

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wayne Walter, Rochester Institute of Technology; Jeffrey Webb, Rochester Institute of Technology; Mark Smith, Rochester Institute of Technology; Elizabeth DeBartolo, Rochester Institute of Technology; Margaret Bailey, Rochester Institute of Technology; George Slack, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

the National Science Foundation. The AssistiveDevices and Bioengineering Track is focused on the application of technology to improve thequality of life for individuals with disabilities, and the development of technologies related tothe broad field of bioengineering.Microsystems Engineering and Technology for the Exploration of Outer Space Regions(METEOR) Project Family - Sponsored by Harris Corporation. METEOR is the first, university-based project in the world whose ultimate goal is to launch and place small payloads on or nearearth asteroids and lunar surfaces. METEOR is a hands-on, multi-phase, multi-disciplinary,teaching, and research program for investigating and developing micro-systems engineering,science, and technologies for the

Conference Session

Innovative College-Industry Partnerships for the Future

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samuel P. Clemence, Syracuse University; Sharon W. Alestalo, Syracuse University; Shobha K. Bhatia, Syracuse University; Eric M. Lui, Syracuse University; Ossama M. Salem, Syracuse University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

, Syracuse University Shobha Bhatia’s areas of specialization are geotechnical and geosynthetic engineering. Her research is funded through an extensively funded research program and she has produced more than eighty technical publications in prestigious journals and conference proceedings, invited participation in national and inter- national conferences, as well as key note addresses, short-courses, and service and leadership on numerous technical committees. Bhatia’s extensive research has achieved both breadth and depth, ranging from the material characterization of soils to the application of geosynthetics and natural materials in waste con- tainment, road and building construction, and erosion control. She has held

Conference Session

AI and Tools for Transdisciplinary Work

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Grant Fore, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

students having to create plans that completely redesignedexisting structures that were owned by the organizations. The courses’ scope did not extend toactual construction although the students’ final designs were given to the organizations in thehope that the designs could be leveraged in future grant applications to fund construction.The instructor, who was a professional architect, reported that she had organized the classroomas if it were an architectural firm. This setup led to multiple intersecting conversations in eachclass period between peers as they navigated the desires of their “clients,” as well as thechallenges of utilizing new design software and building codes to complete their designs. Thelogic of designing the class as if it were

Conference Session

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division (ELOS) Technical Session 3: Best of ELOS

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles Riley, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division (DELOS)

tracking, video post-processing, magnetometer, and an app-based implementation of the stroboscopic effect. Contact sensing, which is generally moresensitive, is demonstrated using the on-board accelerometer and compared to a high-precisionseismic accelerometer, as well as the non-contact methods. Various mobile apps are cataloged anddescribed for data collection, analysis, and post-processing. These tools represent a variety ofphone-based methods for the vibrations or structural dynamics laboratory, allowing students toexplore and compare various methods of sensing. The range of applicability of each sensingmethod is summarized to inform instructors considering phone-based laboratory activities.Instructors can select a method suited to their

Conference Session

Structural Education Methods

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrzej Zarzycki, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

and perfor-mance was also researched by evolutionary biologists studying evolutionary trends in the respectof phenotypic characteristics based on environmental inluences. These studies looked at waysnature (evolution) optimizes dimensional characteristics (size and muscle amount) versus theweight of individual species based on their environment and survival context.6Why digital? The next good thingDigital simulation tools can successfully address limitations of physical models because theyexist in real units, even though, these units are virtual. In addition, digital simulations can pro-cess large amounts of data in a relatively short time. This raises the expectation of digital models

Conference Session

ECE Curriculum Innovations

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory Plett, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs; Rodger Ziemer, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs; Michael Ciletti, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs; R. Dandapani, University of Colordo-Colorado Springs; T. S. Kalkur, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs; Mark Wickert, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

unintentional duplication of coverage.Figure 2: Old and proposed new curricula for the UCCS Electrical Engineering program.Using Introduction to Robotics as an example1, we believe that one reason for its success is thatit is more balanced among learning styles than our traditional classes. We motivate our lectureswith real-world examples to stimulate quadrant-one learners; we cover theoretical content in lec-ture to stimulate quadrant-two learners; we have eight pre-packaged laboratory exercises tostimulate quadrant-three learners; and, we have a seven-week long group-based open-ended finaldesign project to stimulate quadrant-four learners. All students encounter all four learning mo-dalities. Weekly laboratory reports, weekly project progress

Conference Session

Programs and Pedagogies

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Piyush Taneja; Elnaz Safapour, University of Texas at Arlington; Sharareh Kermanshachi, University of Texas at Arlington

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

on graduate students beingexposed to case-based collaborative-learning methods, that pre-and-post case studyassignments, role playing, and class discussions improved key delivery parameters, especiallyfor design integration and team characteristics. The students were more interested, and theresults obtained were better than those of the traditional method.In a research based on a mechanical engineering course conducted by Yadav et al.36 (2014), itwas found that students’ conceptual understanding was significantly higher when theylearned from case-based instruction as compared to traditional lectures. Additionally, casestudies promoted more engagement and connections to the real world. Students’ selfevaluations showed that they did not feel

Conference Session

Issues in Computer Education

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Jerome Eric Luczaj; Chia Han

internet-based, client-server system will augment the classroom session byallowing the students to annotate instructional streams for personalized review, take notes, andprovide real-time feedback to the instructor via a networked computer. As students performactions during the course of instruction, both in class and as they review class instructionalstreams, the system collects their activities into a timed sequence. The content within theinstructional streams provides the context. Student evaluation on each content area will providethe final link between instruction and student performance. By unobtrusively recording theseactivities as timed, synchronized events, a data trail can be created that links final outcomes tospecific student and

Conference Session

New Learning Models

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Gul Okudan; Madara Ogot

Previously all classes where preceeded by a 30-50 min. lecture followed by group activity. All lectures broken down to 10-15 min. segments, with activities that bring out the learning objectives interspersed in between.Inductive learning Most lectures were preceeded with a real world example or situation, and constant references were added to illustrate how the material learnt would be applicable in the future.Timely feedback Immediate feedback was provided for all in class activities, summarizing student results and correcting any misunderstood concepts. All assignments were promptly returned within a week. More detailed