Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Steve Howell; Ken Collier; Debra Larson; Jerry Hatfield

Fall 1994, the student teams developed computer-controlled roboticdevices to retrieve hazardous waste from a high-risk area following an earthquake. Thedetails of this project are highlighted in the paper by Howell, et. al. (1995). EngineeringDesign II is structured so that students receive information just-in-time. The ideaspresented are immediately applicable to the current project phase. New material, thatsupports the design process and the project technology, is presented in a wide variety ofways including: role playing, short exercises, in-class activities, open discussion, etc.Lecturing is reserved for topics that do not lend themselves to more interactive teachingmethods. When lectures are required, they are limited to short 20-30

Conference Session

It's All About the Student: Integration, Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, and Self-Efficacy

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Katherine Watson, The Citadel; William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Timothy W. Mays, The Citadel; Ronald W. Welch P.E., The Citadel; John C. Ryan, The Citadel

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

, 2]. Training students to develop design thinking and skills will allow them to enterprofessional practice ready to participate in the challenge of infrastructure re-design. Indeed,ABET requires that students have “an ability to apply engineering design to producesolutions…” upon graduation [3]. Perhaps the most effective way to guide students indeveloping design skills is through engagement in real-world projects. Furthermore, providingauthentic design experiences in a supportive educational environment that encourages successcan build self-efficacy (one’s beliefs in their ability to achieve specific tasks), which in turn fuelsmotivation to succeed as an engineer [4]. Promoting engineering self-efficacy is a promisingstrategy for retaining

Conference Session

Hybrid and Online Teaching of Mechanics

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Serge Raymond Maalouf, University of Maine; Olivier Putzeys P.E., University of Maine

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

prefer the traditional lecture format course? Please explain.” “Yes” “I would take another blended course because it helped me learn how to use statics in the real world.” “I would! Works very well” “This course was great, but it does not need the online quizzes. They are a waste of money, and offer no feedback. Paper would be much more effective.” “I would take another "blended" format course, as long as there is minimal graded assignments outside of class on material that you have on covered by yourself and not yet in class. I do not think I would enjoy a fully "blended" class where I only learned at home from videos.” “This one was good. The videos by the TA were hard to understand. He talked too fast and the marker he used was too large. The

Conference Session

Motivation and Engagement

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan C. Hilpert, Georgia Southern University; Gwen C. Marchand, University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

systems approaches and the application of related analytic techniques to research andevaluation in engineering education.Complex Systems Research Domains in Engineering Education Engineering education is a broad field of study, replete with its own cultural value system andways of conducting research. It is probably reasonable to suggest that the prevailing research paradigmsin engineering education are largely characterized by deductive-nomothetic, phenomenological, andcritical perspectives. However, despite the predominance of these approaches, within the larger milieu ofengineering education much work is devoted to the study of complex, emergent, and dynamic phenomenabut investigated using methods that do not assess these

Conference Session

Educational & Professional Issues of Strategic Importance to the Civil Engineering Profession and ASCE II

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Decker B. Hains, Western Michigan University; Michael O'Connor P.E., New York University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

professional society such as American Society of Civil Engineers(ASCE) acting as the organized civil engineering profession, impacts the health and vitality of anation as no other profession does [5]The second part of the answer lies with the most strategically significant resource that the civilengineering profession can possess, knowledge. The traditional view of civil engineering hasalways been about the importance of knowledge and its application to solve challengingproblems. For civil engineering, competition will become knowledge-based and the sources ofthe profession’s competitive advantage will shift to knowledge-based capabilities in the 21stcentury rather than solely from physical models or systems as it was for civil engineering in the19th

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven D Hart, Virginia Military Institute

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

the ExCEEd Teaching Model in a Flipped Classroom EnvironmentIntroduction/MotivationAs a student, the author was a product of the ExCEEd Teaching Model from long before it hadthat name: five colors of chalk, red clouds, lesson objectives, demonstrations, enthusiasticinstructors, hot dogs, and RAFA tabs were all practiced by the West Point Department ofMechanics as far back as at least 1985. Because of this inspiration, the author returned andpracticed this teaching model as faculty member at West Point for eight years, thoroughlyenjoyed its application, and was recognized as an effective teacher. During his latter years atWest Point, he found, along with many of his colleagues that even though the students alwaysrated classes and instructors

Conference Session

Integrating Systems Engineering into the Capstone Project

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fred J. Looft, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering, Systems Engineering

concepts selected for our course, we will first describe the unique capstone projectsbased environment at our university to put the course development in context.Capstone Projects at WPIProjects are at the heart of the WPI curriculum, requiring students to apply the knowledgelearned in classes and labs to real-world problems. At WPI there are two capstone projectsrequired of all undergraduate students. One of the projects is unique to WPI, is typicallycompleted in the third year of study, and is known as the Interactive Qualifying Project (IQP).This project is specifically designed to focus on the relationship between technology and society.As noted in the IQP handbook14 (excerpted):  The IQP is the means which WPI has chosen to make science and

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Keith G. Sheppard, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Christos Christodoulatos, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Kate D. Abel, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Leslie R Brunell, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Sandra V. Furnbach P.E., Stevens Institute of Technology; Vikki Hazelwood, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Kishore Pochiraju, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Eirik Hole, Stevens Institute of Technology (SSE); Bruce McNair, Stevens Institute of Technology (SES); Thomas G. Lechler, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, in addition to having successfully launched a start-up company, has spawned several patents and patent applications, all of which have inti- mately engaged collaborative teams including physicians, industry experts, technical experts, and students throughout the process. Dr. Hazelwood has successfully brought entrepreneurship into the academic research and educational process, and, in just 3 years, has lead the development of a venture capital backed start-up company, SPOC Inc.—a point of care product for pain management—for which she served as President and CEO, and her student founders are co-inventors and full time employees. The company has received $1MM in extramural (venture institutional) financial

Conference Session

Topics Related To Engineering Design Graphics Division

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward E. Osakue, Texas Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

modelingfundamentals. It is based on the author’s experience from years of teaching design drafting withAutoCAD as one of the main software. The planning phase can become purely a mental exercisewhen properly mastered so this phase is independent of software. The construction phase issoftware dependent. The technique combines visual and operational skills that students need indesign graphic modeling. The application of the procedure is not limited to AutoCAD softwarebecause the author has successfully used the same approach to teach Solid Edge, Inventor, andSolidworks. The solid modeling technique is outlined; illustrations and samples of classroompresentations are provided.IntroductionSolid modeling skills have become the vogue in the technical industry

Conference Session

Assessing URM Programs Targeting the K-16 Continuum

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pablo Biswas, The Mercer University; Rohitha Goonatilake, Texas A&M International University; Gerardo Javier Pinzon P.E., Texas A&M International University; Mahmoud Khasawneh, Texas A&M International University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

engineering design and Page 26.1398.5prepares them for the rigors of university life. The summer workshop offer real-world learningexperiences to first-year engineering students. Features of the program are: 1) Students will actively sought to join a cohort of pre-engineering students to participate in a two-weekengineering design and research experience at TAMIU. The top 35 applicants will be selectedfrom the cohort. 2) Students will take a prescribed set of courses including Foundations ofEngineering I and II at TAMIU or LCC in their first year. 3) Students will participate in a two-week engineering design and research experience at TAMIU during

Conference Session

Capstone Manufacturing and Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Engineering Technology); Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng.)

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

technologists various advancedskills that can be used in their careers. Overall, many different fields of engineering can benefitfrom this application, enabling the development of skill and knowledge in many differentengineering aspects and processes. As this capstone design project provides opportunities forstudents to design & manufacture, it stimulates the students’ interest in real-world productrealization. As manufacturing laboratories are very expensive to develop, this project can also beadapted at other institutions that have limited funding to improve manufacturing processfacilities.Background In Drexel University’s School of Technology and Professional Studies, many courses relatedto robotics, design, and materials are offered to the

Conference Session

"Best" of BED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Idalis Villanueva, University of Maryland, College Park; Rachel L. Manthe, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park; Kevin M Knapstein, Bioprocess Scale-Up Facility, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

result of the course.IntroductionIn the United States (US), undergraduate engineering programs frequently culminate in acapstone course where students implement their engineering education in the design anddevelopment of solutions to open-ended, real-world problems1. These courses are of great valueto engineering students, faculty, and industry due to the opportunity to increase their engineeringskills2. While attainment of engineering skills is valuable, it is not enough in today’s globaleconomy as more and more US employers demonstrate interest in hiring engineers with abroader skill-set3,4. This need is resonant for students pursuing cross-disciplinary engineeringfields such as bioengineering as they must possess engineering skills (problem

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Guerra, NASA Headquarters; Gloria A. Murphy, NASA; Lisa D. May, NASA Headquarters

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

. In the best teams, the paper parallels actual systems engineering, givingtheir students practical systems engineering experience, along with the insight. As shown by thehigher rate of successful excavation (if not actual mining victory) among the lunabots of teamswith high-scoring systems engineering papers, thoughtful application of these processescorrelates with better designs. In a world that requires more complex and interrelated systems toaddress more ambitious objectives, understanding of and fluency in systems engineeringprovides a distinct advantage.Bibliography 1. Rahmatian, L. et al., “Soil Test Apparatus for Lunar Surfaces”, American Society of Civil Engineers, Earth and Space 2010: Engineering, Science, Construction

Conference Session

Capstone Design II

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Karen Davis

things quickly and apply them. … I have been exposed to all of the traditional electrical engineering topics including electronics, math, signals and systems, and programming. … Most importantly is that through the coursework that I have had, I have learned how to learn better, so I will be able to work well with the new ideas that will be involved in a design project. Brian Marks, EE 2003 Co-op has also exposed me to applications of the theory I have been learning in my course work. It showed me how theory relates to the real world and what to focus on when learning the theory. Through my co-op experience, I have refined my problem solving techniques through further experience. Andy

Conference Session

SD Technical Session: Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

joshua jude heeg; Kyle Flenar, University of Cincinnati; Jordan Alexander Ross; Taylor Okel, University of Cincinnati; Tejas Abhijit Deshpande, University of Cincinnati; Gregory Warren Bucks, University of Cincinnati; Kathleen A. Ossman, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Student

mathematics, science, and engineeringcontent.The Engineering Models courses consist of a 55 minute lecture and a 120 minute lab each week.The lab activities are designed so that students are given a description of a real-world problemand asked to develop a MATLAB script to solve it. During lab, groups of 10 students sit at atable with one teaching assistant who has taken the class before. The TA stays with this group ofstudents for the whole semester. Many students run into errors while attempting to complete thelab activities and the TAs are the main support for students during lab. Since TAs are integral tohelping students understand the material and relate it to practical engineering applications, agroup of six TAs decided to explore different

Conference Session

BME Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Daniel Walsh

ofprofessional development enable the faculty to remain on the "cutting edge" of their respectivedisciplines. Senior faculty expose students to theory juxtaposed with meaningful examples of itsapplication in “real-world” settings.Industrial Participation in the Curriculum. Integrating the Public and Private Sectors. Cal Polybelieves in synthesizing educational institutions, industry, and government into the engineeringcurriculum. Cal Poly understands that learning is enhanced by the participation of industry. Strong tieswith leading corporations, formally incorporated in the curriculum, are essential to preparing youngengineers. Industry sponsors personnel exchange programs: loaning accomplished professionals toteach technical classes at the University

Conference Session

Expert Advice on Instructional Methods

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Felder

program accreditationprocess, in which the quality of every engineering department in the country is periodicallyassessed and evaluated.Learning StylesStudents come with a wide variety of abilities, attitudes, interests, ambitions, and levels ofmotivation, and instructional methods that are effective for some students may be relativelyineffective for others. For example, one engineering student might be comfortable with relativelyabstract theories and mathematical models and another might be much more receptive toconcrete (“real-world”) material such as lab experiments and industrial plant operations. Atheoretical and math-intensive course would probably be much more effective for the first ofthese students, and a practical hands-on course would

Conference Session

Physics in the K-12 Classroom

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Vivian Vasquez; Andrea I. Prejean; Sarah Irvine; Teresa Larkin

Development Program award, a team of facultymembers and graduate students from American University hosted a pre-institute workshop fromJune 26 - 28, 2001 and a formal summer institute June 29, July 2 & 3, and July 5 & 6, 2001 onthe American University campus. The summer institute was held for a group of 15 middle schoolteachers and 5 gifted middle school students from the District of Columbia. The framework forthe pre-institute and formal institute was developed to build upon the success of our work duringprevious summers. Moreover, the institute was modified and enhanced in 2001 to respond tofeedback received from participating teachers during a similar institute held in summer 2000 andto respond to the request for applications from the

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark Cutkosky; Christopher Richard; Allison Okamura

-based dynamic simulations being used for pedagogical purposed 1,4,9. But even with these aids,concepts such as eigenvalues, instability, and time constants can seem mysterious to studentsencountering them for the first time. Haptic interfaces, which allow a user to feel a virtualenvironment, are promising tools for helping students obtain an understanding of these physicalphenomena.1.1 The Field of HapticsThe word haptic means relating to or based on the sense of touch. It can refer to a human orrobot’s ability to sense the world via touch, or the display of a virtual environment throughtouch. Words often associated with this concept are haptic display, force feedback, and forcereflection. All of these are technologies that allow computers to

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Best in DEED

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wangda Zhu, University of Florida; Rui Guo, University of Florida; Yuanzhi Wang, Cornell University; Wanli Xing, University of Florida; Eddy Man Kim, Cornell University; Chenglu Li, The University of Utah

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

shift towards a more developmental role of education in the age of AI automation (Bahroun et al., 2023).Even though GAI technologies offer novel ways to produce creative digital content, impacting educationareas such as music, animation, narratives, product design, fashion design, and visual arts (Kar et al., 2023),research on the application of image-generative AI lags that of text-generative AI, with a particulardeficiency in comprehensive studies (Lee et al., 2023). One recent study (Lee et al., 2023) integrated GAIin classroom settings by running a workshop. However, taking the form of isolated workshops rather thanfully integrated coursework overlooks two crucial aspects: first, the importance of integrated learningcontext for students to

Conference Session

Course Assessment in ET

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Oliver Hensley; Marjorie Donovan; Christopher Ibeh; James Otter

formula to a situational problem. Moreover, each student must show how eachof these formulae can be applied in a real world , steps in the solution can be a veryeffective means of enhancement and assessment of student learning. In a previous effortto set up the RET (Research Experiences for Teachers) program directed by these authorsat Pittsburg State University, an informal survey of a sample of K-12 teachers in the“Four State Region” was conducted, and it was determined that approximately 30 percentof teachers used the pre-test, post-test concept in their classes. The PSU-RET programincorporated the pre-test, post-test concept as one of its criteria for the teacher-participants recruitment and program assessment. K-12 teachers recruited into

Conference Session

Effective Teaching Potpourri

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sotiria Koloutsou-Vakakis, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Megan L. Matthews, University of Illinois Urbana - Champaign; Jacob Henschen, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; John S Popovics P.E., University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Ashlynn S. Stillwell, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Cheryl Ann Cohen

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

me understand the "I would like more time to work on the worksheet material more clearly." and less time on lecture slides and Excel tasks." "The difficulty of understanding how to use the concepts "The computations are great, really helped my in real-world scenarios." understanding of the material." "Understanding the details of probability was tough." "More focus on computation would be nice." "There are many small concepts that build up and can be "I understand the concept, but calculations still take overwhelming." too long for me to feel confident." "Review sessions are very helpful, and working on "Working with teammates in class, Extending

Conference Session

Professional Formation and Career Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder; Jake Walker Lewis; Madeline Polmear, University of Florida; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado Boulder; Chris Swan, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

stakeholders, and/or organizations work, I know to step back and consider regarding their work. all the details from the perspective of every stakeholder. Lifelong Continuing education and/or continuing My work requires an ethics training 3 .96 learning development as a practicing engineer. course to be taken every year which is used as a better real world example of ethics Legal issues Legal issues such as product liability, the applications of

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Raviv, Florida Atlantic University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

interactive, innovative workshops aretaught by practicing professionals whose real world involvement, language and style give themimmediate credibility with students. These business and industry leaders help to expand thetheoretical world of the college experience. Some of the proposed workshops would cover: (a)Teambuilding and Teamwork, (b) Creating and Maintaining Professional Portfolios, (c)Developing a Resume, (d) Making Effective Presentations, (e) Knowing Yourself – True Colors,(f) Developing a Career Plan; (g) Corporate Culture and You, and (f) Graduate SchoolOpportunities. Class structure The class met once a week for three hours each time, and usually had most of the followingelements: o Group discussion of brain teasers (led by a

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicole Yates, National Society of Black Engineers; Roberta Rincon, Society of Women Engineers

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

universities, researchers,companies, PEOs, and several other stakeholders. Real, systemic change has been and willcontinue to be a top-down process, so how can stakeholders immediately support minoritywomen looking to start careers in engineering? Unfortunately, solution-oriented research in thisarea is scant. However, we believe that by collecting and sharing the stories of minority womenwho have already overcome early-career challenges, researchers can highlight tangible strategiesfor aspiring female engineers to use.Theoretical frameworkThe Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) was chosen as the framework for this study, toallow a greater understanding of the supports and strategies that minority females utilize toovercome obstacles and challenges

Conference Session

Collaboration and Communication in Problem-based Learning

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kakan C Dey P.E., West Virginia University; Md Tawhidur Rahman, West Virginia University; V. Dimitra Pyrialakou, West Virginia University; David Martinelli, West Virginia University; Karen E Rambo-Hernandez, Texas A&M University; Julia Daisy Fraustino, West Virginia University; John Deskins; L Christopher Plein, West Virginia University; Abhik Ranjan Roy, West Virginia University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

overview of a nascent effort to address this educational need.Through a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded program, a team of researchers at WestVirginia University has launched a Holistic Engineering Project Experience (HEPE). Thisundergraduate course provides the opportunity for engineering students to work with socialscience students from the fields of economics and strategic communication on complex andopen-ended transportation engineering problems. This course involves cross-disciplinary teamsworking under diverse constraints of real-world social considerations, such as economic impacts,public policy concerns, and public perception and outreach factors, considering the futureautonomous transportation systems. The goal of the HEPE

Conference Session

Scaling class size and technology – New Engineering Educators Division

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peggy C. Boylan-Ashraf, San Jose State University; John R. Haughery, Iowa State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

and uncovered preconceptions.Hands-On/Lab ActivityHands-on lab activities for class shall be designed based on research using the approach ofscenario-based learning pedagogy. Scenario-based learning involves real world hands-onexperience where students were given a scenario problem to solve. Each hands-on activity willtake about 40-50 minutes of class time. Several examples of in-class activities are shown inFigure 5 below. Mf = 600g Mr = 400g Rubber Test Material Rubber Band Band Fout FRONT

Conference Session

Robotics

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cathy Burack, Brandeis University; Alan Melchior, Brandeis University; Matthew Hoover, Brandeis University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

.) contribution) summer jobs)  STEM Identity (extent to  21st Century Skills (Self-  STEM-related College which students see assessed life and Grants and Scholarships themselves as science, workplace skills, includes math or technology teamwork, problem- people) solving and  STEM Knowledge/ communications Understanding (awareness subscales) of applications of STEM in real world, interest in learning more about STEM).In addition to the key outcome measures, the baseline surveys collected demographicinformation including age, gender, race/ethnicity, ESL status, and grade in school as well asinformation on program

Conference Session

Innovation in Engineering Leadership Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cindy Rottmann, University of Toronto; Robin Sacks, University of Toronto; Mike Klassen, Institute for Leadership Education in Engineering, University of Toronto; Doug Reeve, University of Toronto

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

provide us with important insights about the role of student involvement inpersonal and academic growth, but their focus on an earlier stage of adolescent developmentraises questions about the applicability of their findings to undergraduate engineering students.Ya-Rong Huang and Sheue-Mei Chang examined the relationship between co-curricularinvolvement and student development in third year university students majoring in fine arts, law,physics, engineering and business across 14 universities in Taiwan and found that co-curricularinvolvement was associated with affective and cognitive growth in students 27. In contrast toMarsh and Kleitman’s study, Huang and Chang did not find diminishing returns for extremelevels of participation. Rather, they

Conference Session

Track: Special Topic - Identity Technical Session 10

Collection

2019 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity

Authors

Andrea Haverkamp, Oregon State University; Ava Butler, Oregon State University; Naya Selene Pelzl; Michelle Kay Bothwell, Oregon State University; Devlin Montfort, Oregon State University; Qwo-Li Driskill, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Special Topic: Identity

their broader sociological context” [28]. Ifethnography can be described as an observation and interpretation of the “other” thenautoethnography becomes an observation and interpretation of oneself and one’s perception oftheir social surroundings. It is a method engaged in both qualitative reflexive self-analysis and acommitment to theoretical scientific social analysis [29]. Autoethnographers choose a topic onwhich to focus with a method of writing grounded in factual real-world interactions, quotations,experiences, and emotive responses as best remembered and documented. The theoreticalanalysis is conducted on the written data upon completion which can include a variety of textualand narrative interpretations. Collaborative