Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Curriculum Innovation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Ciaraldi, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; David Cyganski, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Michael Gennert, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Michael Demetriou; Fred Looft; William Michalson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Bradley Miller, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Eben Cobb, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Lance Schachterle, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Kenneth Stafford, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Yiming Rong, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Gretar Tryggvason, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; James Van de Ven, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

focus10. In the late 90’s and throughout the 2000’s advanced courseson robotics dealt with path planning, navigation, autonomy, communication and in general allaspects of mobile robots11. At the same time, one witnessed the use of robotic kits, such asLego12,13 and BOE-bot14 in science fairs and science museums in encouraging K-12 students inscience and as an eventual vehicle of further study in SMET disciplines.4.0 The Robotics Engineering Program at WPIThe Robotics Engineering Program at WPI is a new program that will educate young engineersfor the robotics industry and prepare students for graduate work in robotics. The goals of theprogram are to: • Educate young engineers for the robotics industry and prepare students for graduate work

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew L. Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University; Douglas E. Melton, Kern Family Foundation

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

. For direct assessment, students’ EML assignments were evaluated by theinstructor to verify inclusion or exclusion of a set of entrepreneurially minded attributes. Forindirect assessment, students were surveyed to determine their perceived extent of usingparticular entrepreneurial mindset skills during an EML assignment. The results have thus faryielded positive results for students incorporating mindset skills into subject-based matter.1. IntroductionIncreasing emphasis has been placed on the engineering education community to implementstudent-centered pedagogies which will allow the students a more authentic (“real-world”)experience. Many highly effective pedagogies have proven to be more effective than thetraditional “chalk-and-talk

Conference Session

Early Engineering Design Experiences

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas Oppliger, Michigan Technological University; Jean Kampe, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

program,the topic was presented to teachers during a week-long workshop in the summers of 2008 and2009. In 2008, the presentation was of a general nature and intended as a very basic introduction,while in 2009, a more extensive unit was presented encompassing both design and projectmanagement. This paper provides information on the current efforts to introduce engineeringtopics at the high school level and where HSE fits into this landscape. It describes the HighSchool Enterprise program and how secondary students and teachers are exposed to engineeringdesign. Some examples of student-project work from the 2008/2009 academic year that conveyhow students engage in the design process are included. Finally, the lessons learned to-date andhow those

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division Technical Session 7: Library Collaboration

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Bates, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Rob Sleezer, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Heidi Southworth, Minnesota State University, Mankato

” [1]. To help serve the campus community, Library Services is comprised of 17faculty librarians and 20 library technicians and is led by an Academic Dean. There are alsotraditionally four or five graduate student assistants and about 15-20 student workers to help staffthe library building 16.5 hours a day Monday through Friday, six hours on Saturday, and 13hours on Sunday. The library, built in 1967, houses approximately 1.5 million books, scores,DVDs, and other materials and contains several special collections including the educationalresource center and children’s collection, government documents, maps, and the UniversityArchives and Southern Minnesota Historical Center.While the faculty librarians have specific jobs such as cataloging

Conference Session

ASEE Multimedia Session

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Rose Marra

sound welldefined, but the ways in which WIE programs work to accomplish these outcomes varytremendously.Recruitment happens at multiple phases and levels. In the community of scholars and practitionersthat address women in engineering, there exists a high level of awareness and research that showsthe importance of starting recruitment efforts at an early age. WIE programs with Girl Scouts, forexample, are designed to help maintain an interest in math and science and raise awareness ofengineering as a career path for these girls4,5. Recruitment efforts for older students include "openhouse" days held on college and university campuses and summer engineering camps. Suchprograms involve significant follow-up with participants as directors work to

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan L. Solnosky, P.E., Pennsylvania State University; Moses Ling, P.E., Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE)

regarding active experimentation[7]. Open-ended laboratory courses or even traditional classes with experimentation exposure have shownto provide greater learning value as compared to the traditional lecture only focus [2,8]. Such coursesemploy an approach to learning science that are backed by a significant body of work on research-basedand active pedagogies in various engineering disciplines as well as have demonstrated superior levels ofstudent engagement and learning. Introduction of real-world problems not only allows students to masterappropriate techniques and technologies, but also allows the students to design strategies for solvingproblems and practice an overall process of inquiry [9-10]. Since experimentation is so critical to

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vukica Jovanovic, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Mileta Tomovic, Purdue University; Richard Mark French, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

University. As a graduate student, she is involved in the following projects: Society of Manufacturing Engineers Education Foundation Project: Product Lifecycle Management Curriculum Modules and National Science Foundation project: Midwest Coalition for Comprehensive Design Education. She is a student member of the American Society of Engineering Education, Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME), Society of Woman Engineers (SWE), and Woman in Technology (WIT). She published two chapters in two textbooks, two journal articles and presented 23 conference papers. Her current research focuses on product lifecycle management and digital manufacturing.Mileta Tomovic, Purdue University Dr

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Ravi S Thyagarajan, Texas A&M University; Shadi Balawi, Texas A&M University; Arun R Srinivasa, Texas A&M University

electrical engineering. In one mode of operation, 8-12 year-old studentsat the Boys and Girls Club of Brazos Valley 1, in Bryan TX, are able to light up and vary theintensity of incandescent and LED bulbs using purely their cycling output. In another mode, theycan charge a LiFEPO4 storage battery, which in turn is used to charge computers, phones, andrechargeable AA batteries. This device provides a clever way to incentivize the students at the Clubto perform physical activity on the bike to receive charged AA batteries that they can use to playvideo games. The seniors also created engaging videos using Lightboard that further reinforced thelessons imparted by the exerciser.One of the significant findings of this project was the community-oriented

Conference Session

Program Delivery Methods and Real World Concepts

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raghvinder Sangwan, Pennsylvania State University; Kathryn Jablokow, Pennsylvania State University-Great Valley; Matt Bass, Siemens Corporate Research; Dan Paulish, Siemens Corporate Research

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

effective communication plays a key role in the performance of productdevelopment teams1, 2, 24, 32. Researchers have shown, for example, that well-coordinated teamsdemonstrate a higher level of overall performance, especially when their tasks are interrelatedand compactly situated18, 21. Achieving the desired levels of coordination among geographicallydistributed teams can be extremely challenging, however, due to the negative impact thatincreased distance has on communication8. Research shows that a mere 100 meters of separationresults in a significant drop in communication between team personnel1. Beyond this point, itbecomes almost irrelevant whether collaborators are located in two different buildings, cities,countries, or continents

Conference Session

New Course Development Concepts in ET I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vladimir Genis, Drexel University (Tech.); M. Eric Carr, Drexel University; Siddharth Vyas, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Adrian A. Pollock, MISTRAS Group, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

describing AE activity and intensity and performing interpretation and evaluation.• Be able to set up AE data displays (histograms, scatter plots etc.) and explain what they are showing.• Have some experience in analyzing multi-channel E data from full-scale structural tests. 4. Improve professional communication skills through laboratory reports and presentations. Page 24.1026.4The AE course can be assessed based on the ABET requirements. The alignment of SLOs and ABEToutcomes is presented in Table 1. Table 1. Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) Aligned with ABET Student Outcomes (a-k) ABET Student

Conference Session

Technological Literacy - Courses, Educational and Accreditation Standards

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Blake, Austin Peay State University

Tagged Divisions

Technological Literacy Constituent Committee

, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability (d) an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams (e) an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems (f) an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility (g) an ability to communicate effectively (h) the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context (i) a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning (j) a knowledge of contemporary issues (k) an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to ME

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Choate, Western Kentucky University; Kevin Schmaltz, Western Kentucky University; Stephen Howard, Western Kentucky University; Paul Graves, Western Kentucky University; Jonathan Martin, Western Kentucky University; Chris Kruckenberg, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Labs. These hands-on laboratory courses nowhave an airflow test bench for use in the demonstration of the impedance characteristics ofvarious system geometries, which can then be compared with their theoretically predictions, andthe characterization of the performance characteristics of air moving devices through thegeneration of pressure head and rpm versus volumetric flow rate curves. The system can providefurther extension for student engagement in industrial projects.During the course sequence, the students had a variety of meaningful engineering experiences.The design and selection of the critical test bed components clarified uncertainty regardingmeasurement impact on the final system. Through the test bed construction, teamwork

Conference Session

Capstone Design Projects in ECE

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lynne A. Slivovsky, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; James M. Widmann, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Brian P. Self, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; J.Kevin Taylor, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

recreational activities. The end-users of these devices are given opportunities to exercise and experience greater independencethrough the devices designed by students in the class. This paper presents the design of thecapstone class and the intent behind the in-class activities and out-of-class assignments thatguide students through the design process.BackgroundService-learning occurs when “Students engage in community service activities with intentionalacademic and learning goals and opportunities for reflection that connect to their academicdiscipline” (Cress et al, 2005)1. It has been shown to be one of ten high-impact (i.e., those thatprovide for deep learning) “educationally purposeful activity” 2,3. The reflection aspect ofservice-learning is

Conference Session

Transgression, Conflict, and Altruism

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joey Valle, Purdue University; Lazlo Stepback, Purdue University; Polly Parkinson, Utah State University; Fawn Groves, Utah State University; Angela Minichiello, Utah State University; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

, he discussed how his participation in his labor union drove hisfellow workers to elect him president of their local (a local branch of a larger, typically nationalor international, labor union). It is meaningful for engineering educators to consider how manymore engineering students-turned-workers would follow similar paths if labor education weremore prevalent in engineering programs.The second worker, a unionized electrician, describes how, “I had a wild idea to start my high school years to be an electrical engineer and I went to one year of engineering school at [an R1 institution]. … My parents had a very … they were both union, so I knew, I knew the union way of life. Then I went to community college and got 2

Conference Session

Ethics & HSS in Engineering

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Ethan Brue

sciences. The end result is uncertain.Stephan concludes that the end result will be “a wider variety of non-technical education inundergraduate engineering schools that will range from very good to possibly very bad”3.However, as the face of HSS education in engineer changes, one thing is for sure, the teaching ofthese courses must have an integral character to them. It is not adequate to demonstrate to ABETthat the engineering students take a history course. A department must demonstrate that thiscourse helps students recognize the “impact of engineering solutions in a global and societalcontext”. In terms of teaching history integrally across the curriculum, accreditation criteria maybe forcing the issue.The Imperative of Historical Reflection

Conference Session

NEE Technical Session 4 - Assessments: Grading and deadlines

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bridget M. Smyser, Northeastern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators Division (NEE)

real worldmuch more flexible than their artificial course deadlines, but by holding these rigid deadlinesthey were preventing students from learning to manage their time and projects [4]. Anotherauthor realized that being compassionate about deadlines builds community with the studentsand that some of the best work was turned in after the deadline [7]. Fairness was a concern, asstudents who turned in things late had more time to work on them and consider the problem.However, they conceded that few if any students complained about flexible deadlines beingunfair.Deadlines and DiversityIn a 2016 article, Boucher framed rigid deadlines as contributing to student stress and imposingunfair consequences on the most vulnerable students [8]. For

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Pedagogy and Innovation

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ramanitharan Kandiah P.E., Central State University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

their majors or be based on a water issue.Student enrollment in the course increased after the implementation of the Connect2U approach.The grading system and the data gathering assignments made the students work more than theirpredecessors for achieving the passing grade, while making them understand the water relatedissues pertaining to them. The students found that the term papers can be connected to their ownfield of study or to a contemporary issue so that they could be actively engaged. However, given Page 26.394.2the low number of students in the WRM department, the instructor was unable to make acomparison between the Non-WRM majors and

Conference Session

Simulation

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie L. Cutler, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach; Wendi M. Kappers, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

between the two activities will be explored forcurriculum alignment. Overall, the implementation of simulated activities within the course wasfound to reflectively engage students with the content of the activity and provide students with atrue experimental environment in order to create a real-world project. References1. Kolb, D. A. (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and development.2. Scachitti, S.; Salina, J. and Karanam, D. (2009) Minding the Big Picture: Using discrete event process simulation as a problem solving tool for students.3. Lattuca, L. R.; Terenzini, P. T. and Volkwein, J. F. (2006) Engineering Change: A Study of the Impact of EC2000.4. Abdulwahed

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH) Technical Session 5: Preparing the Future Workforce

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John T. Solomon, Tuskegee University; Sadegh Poozesh, Tuskegee University; Hang Song, Auburn University; Karen S. McNeal, Auburn University ; Lauren E. Beckingham, Auburn University; Kelly Lazar, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)

importance on critical global issues related to energy security and climatechange [1]. This renewable energy sector growth should drive engineering education institutions todevise transformative pedagogical techniques to fill the gap in sync with the sustainable industry.Such programs must lay the groundwork for students to become familiar with various greentechnologies, associated ecological impacts, and fundamental engineering concepts andformulation approaches. However, the mechanisms of how students are informed aboutenvironmental challenges during their undergraduate studies in engineering and the link betweenstudents' environmental awareness and motivation to join sustainable industries upon graduationare not well-known. Intuitively, the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christian Enmanuel Lopez, The Pennsylvania State University; Conrad Tucker, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

theirclassrooms, the above studies are insightful, as they suggest that less time should be spent on thephysical design and movement of co-robot systems. Instead, more time should be spent oncreating a visually-engaging interaction between humans and co-robots. The method sectionpresented next, therefore, focuses on the acquisition of facial and body cues by a co-robot systemfrom its human counterpart (i.e., in the form of facial keypoint and skeletal data), and its humancounterpart’s capture of the visual representation displayed by the co-robot system (i.e., in theform of an avatar representation of the student that includes reward and penalty visualizations).Moreover, this work presents how this data can potentially be utilized in an effective manner

Conference Session

Emerging Computing and Information Technologies II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yujian Fu P.E., Alabama A&M University; Peter J. Clarke, Florida International University; Nelson Barnes Jr, Alabama A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

recent years, with the integration of multiple social and media networkingapplications and has dominated in current academic learning environments and peer learningsupport resources. In this paper, we present a computer science course study of multiple subjectsusing WReSTT-CyLE to teach software-testing concepts. Software testing is considered a high-level concept and is not widely offered in many computer science programs. WReSTT-CyLE is alearning resource that can be used by students and instructors to improve their knowledge ofsoftware testing techniques and testing tools. A study was performed at Alabama A&MUniversity to determine the impact using WReSTT-CyLE had on students’ knowledge of softwaretesting.Introduction and Motivation of

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Kathleen Kramer

). Engineering programs must demonstrate that their graduates have: (a) an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering (b) an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data (c) an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs (d) an ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams (e) an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems (f) an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility (g) an ability to communicate effectively (h) the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal

Conference Session

NSF Funding for Educational Scholarship

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Venkatraman Atti; Andreas Spanias

the reviewers and developed a revised proposal that wasresubmitted in June 2000. The result from the second submission was favorable and we were funded forthree years starting 2001. This was very important for the program. We hired very good students – someof them were multitalented and helped us develop good publicity materials. The funded program wasNSF CCLI 0089075: “On-line UG Labs in Signal/Image Processing, Communications, and Controls,” PI:A. Spanias, Co-PIs: Karam, Duman, Papandreou-Suppappola, Tsakalis, $424,770, Jan. 01-Dec. 03 (no Page 10.1302.3 “Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual

Conference Session

Teaching Methods for the 21st Century: Part 2

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anastasia Micheals, San Jose State University; Emily Allen, San Jose State University; Jeanne Linsdell, San Jose State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

around a short (20 to 30 minute) lecture on the experimental topic, with the rest of theperiod devoted to the experiment.The writing assignments in MatE25 and MatE153 traditionally used the format of short journalarticles. This format is appropriate to the course content, as both of these classes are moreengineering science than engineering design. However, scientific journal article format is notnecessarily the appropriate format to teach engineering students. In addition, and for manyreasons, writing quality on these written reports is often poor. These reasons include varyinglevels of students’ experience with both speaking and writing English, lack of mastery of thisform of written communication, and confusion surrounding differences in

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Jack Waintraub

assumptions on which education is built mustbe engaged in. Page 1.318.1 ---- @x&~ 1996 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings ‘.,,,EIJ3: The radical changes in knowledge and practices required of technicians are nowhere moreevident than in the engineering technology area. Industry’s move to a quality focus and thewidespread adoption of concurrent engineering, requires a technician with a broad-based knowledgeof multiple technical disciplines along with an awareness of the economic and environmental factorsthat impact on society. Technicians are described by Louis S. Richman

Conference Session

High-School Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jan DeWaters, Clarkson University; Susan Powers, Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

actions. Page 14.1309.2A number of surveys have shown generally low levels of energy knowledge and awarenessamong U.S. students and the general public.1-7 For example, the National EnvironmentalEducation & Training Foundation (NEETF) found in a 2001 survey that, while many Americanstended to overestimate their energy knowledge, just 12% could pass a basic quiz on energyknowledge.3 More recent surveys indicate that consumers are becoming more aware ofrenewable energy resources, but remain confused about many other issues such as the main areasof energy consumption within their homes and communities.4, 7Effective educational programs will make

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT) Technical Session 5

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Daniel Jones, Texas A&M University; Michael S Rugh, Texas A&M University; Meet Mahesh Gamdha, Texas A&M University; Tristen James Norman, Texas A&M University; Rose Myers, Texas A&M University; Kailee Meek, Texas A&M University; Amir Hossein Khazaei, Texas A&M University; Sherry Minh Nguyen, Texas A&M University; Ethan Thai Nguyen, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT)

Paper ID #42580Paving Digital Infrastructure: Innovation Through an Educational VideoGame DatabaseAnthony Daniel Jones, Texas A&M University Anthony Jones is a studying engineering student and Project Lead for the LIVE Lab at Texas A&M University. His interest in research stems from wanting to learn about the research process and the opportunity of creating a tool for education. Joining the LIVE Lab in Fall of 2022, he gets lead a research team for the Database of EVGs and assist in research teams on the topic of Developing and Testing of Educational Video Games. Having presented or will present at conferences

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Tom Gally; Steve Chadwick; Randy Shaffer; Milton Cone; Jim Helbling

skills during lab was also fostered, including project managementabilities, by requiring that each team create and present both Preliminary and Critical DesignReviews (PDR and CDR) for their LTAV projects. These reviews were held during lab time andwere presented to the course instructors in confidential briefings, as would be done in industry.In the ways described above, the laboratory work addressed the course goals of encouragingactive participation in engineering design experiences, instilling a sense of appreciation for thecreative aspects of engineering, providing hands-on design and construction opportunities,engaging the students in discussions relating to the interdisciplinary aspects of modernengineering, and developing written and

Conference Session

Mathematics Division (MATH) Technical Session 3

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary E. Lockhart, Texas A&M University; Noor Hakim; Vainavi Chilukuri, Texas A&M University; Jason Champagne; Karen E. Rambo-Hernandez, Texas A&M University; Robin A.M. Hensel, West Virginia University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics Division (MATH)

attrition is gravely concerning. A broad area of research has developed tounderstand why students engage and persist in engineering including the examination ofinfluences that both cognitive and non-cognitive variables have upon engineering persistence. Inthis study, we examine the long-standing importance of the relationship between mathematicspreparation before college entrance to undergraduate engineering persistence. Through thedevelopment of academic profiles, demographic profiles and psychosocial profiles of students onthree different engineering tracks based on their entering level of mathematics proficiency, wecompare these profiles to uncover various factors related to students’ persistence to engineeringdegree attainment.Cognitive

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Karen Horton

range of manufacturing processes. Student teams presented studies of localcompanies at the end of the course. MET 270 now focuses on the concurrent engineering ofproducts. The technical content is presented using a variety of media including lecture,cooperative learning activities, web-based training, films, and student tours. Communication andteam skills are practiced during in-class exercises. For three families of processes, small studentteams design simple products, develop CADD drawings and engineering analyses to support thedesigns, and describe in detail how the products will be fabricated and what the impacts of thefabrication processes are on the designs. The teams submit written reports and make oralpresentations to the class