Conference Session

We Love our MOMs (Mechanics of Materials)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrian Rodriguez, University of Texas at Austin

. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.comAchieving student outcomes with service-learning in Mechanics of MaterialsAbstractThe implementation of experiential learning opportunities in undergraduate courses providesstudents an alternative hands-on learning methodology that can supplement the traditionallecture-style approach. A service-learning model was used in an undergraduate Mechanics ofMaterials course in the form of a semester-long project. The first implementation (Cohort 1)involved partnering with UT Arlington’s College of Engineering and participating in the bi-annual Engineering Saturday event. This event is a K-12 outreach program, which inviteschildren from local K

Conference Session

Capitalizing on COVID: Using This Disruptor to Change the Educational Model

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Paige West, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Frederick Paige, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Natasha B. Watts, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Walter C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

noted by the data in the red boxes in Figure A2 (Appendix B),the columns can vary depending on the analysis. Altogether, using pivot tables created a quickfiltering process that generated the required synthesized data for analysis.Data Analysis Using the parsed analytic data, the researchers conducted an exploratory graphicalanalysis of the combined data from both course sections (N = 45 students) to identify patterns oranomalies in the student activity levels. Since overall student activity in an online course wouldencompass every interaction with the course material, we broke the activity into two additionalcomponents: 1) discussion entries and replies and 2) page visits. Our study defined activity as thesum of student interactions

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the First Year

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Melissa Lynn Morris, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Joseph Dygert, West Virginia University; Robin A.M. Hensel, West Virginia University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

implementing a curriculum focused on cohort formation, career exploration, andprofessional development. The AcES, consisting of a weeklong pre-fall bridge experience, twocommon courses, and a variety of co-curricular activities, has been operating for eight years.Students who receive S-STEM funded scholarships participate in three focus groups and twoone-on-one interviews each semester throughout their undergraduate studies.Student responses from the one-on-one interviews and focus groups conducted from 2017-2020were examined with qualitative coding methods. Questions examined in this work include: 1)Did the engineering in history course help make you feel like you belong in engineering at WVUand that you are included in engineering at WVU?, 2) Do you

Conference Session

Opening Up: Data, Open Access, and Open Educational Resources

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Chris Wiley, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Using Dynamic Transactions on ReliabilityBayesian NetworkNew-generation small animal positron emission tomography Journal of Medical Imagingsystem for molecular imagingCharacterization of a sub-assembly of 3D position sensitive cadmiumzinc telluride detectors and electronics from a sub-millimeter resolution Physics in Medicine & BiologyPET system ACS Biomaterials ScienceSelective Permeability of Truncated Aquaporin 1 in Silico and

Conference Session

Re-Imagining the Higher Ed Classroom -- Tablet PCs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Camilla Saviz, University of the Pacific; Abel Fernandez, University of the Pacific; Ken Hughes, Unversity of the Pacific; Megan Kalend, University of the Pacific; Cherian Mathews, University of the Pacific

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Pressure. In an ideal setting, the instructor prepares the material for each class with sufficient anticipation to allow students to a priori print notes for each class session. In practice, both students and faculty often found themselves out of time: the instructor to have the notes on the web with at least 1-2 days lead time or the student to print the material before the class. • Loss of Class Flexibility. Prepared class notes lend a scripted or canned feel to the class: the instructor often feels compelled to faithfully follow the notes (thus not allowing the class to follow unexpected, yet often fruitful directions), and the students feel somehow shortchanged if all of the note material is not

Conference Session

Underrepresented Populations

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kayla R. Maxey, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Morgan M. Hynes, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

or below the federal poverty guidelines. The group of participants consisted of 24boys and 19 girls from diverse ethnic and racial backgrounds (e.g., White, American Indian orAlaska Native, African American, Latinx/Hispanic, and Multiracial).Camp ContextDuring the engineering design session, student teams work in a community space setup to be amobile makerspace. A makerspace is also known as a fabrication lab where ‘‘where people of allages blend digital and physical technologies to explore ideas, learn technical skills, and createnew products’’ [34, p. 205]. The community space includes large tables to promote teamcollaboration while working on their design activities, a variety of found materials (e.g.cardboard, glue, paper, markers, etc

Conference Session

Student Approaches to Problem Solving

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jessica E. S. Swenson, University at Buffalo; Aaron W. Johnson, University of Colorado Boulder; Mary Rola, University at Buffalo; Hoda Koushyar

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

other students madeassumptions to create a simpler mathematical model. Furthermore, students did not alwaysjustify their decisions completely or clearly. Implications of our work include revising the OEMPprompt to engage students in more authentic assumption making and continuing to assign open-ended problems to give students experience with engineering judgement, thereby betterpreparing them for their professional engineering careers.IntroductionMathematical modeling is an essential skill in engineering. In almost all of their technical core,or engineering science, courses, engineering students learn how to construct mathematicalmodels of natural phenomena. Constructing a mathematical model to analyze a system is animportant practice of

Conference Session

ERM Potpourri II

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kevin O'Connor, University of Rochester; Daniel Amos, University of Washington; Tori Bailey, Stanford University; Gary Lichtenstein, Stanford University; Lari Garrison, University of Washington; Heidi Loshbaugh, Colorado School of Mines; Marcus Jones, Howard University; Derek Seward, University of Rochester; Lisa Perhamus, University of Rochester; Reed Stevens, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Professor in the Center for the Advancement of Engineering Education at Colorado School of Mines. She is also the Associate Director for CSM's Center for Engineering Education. Dr. Loshbaugh taught in CSM's EPICS program, for which she developed extensive course and faculty-support materials, and designed and implemented a leadership course and overseas summer field session. She has recently been appointed to develop Page 12.1295.1 a diversity plan for CSM, and has experience in international education, corporate training and coaching, and academic editing.Marcus Jones, Howard University

Conference Session

Design Projects

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hansen Lukman, Bucknell University; Steven Shooter, Bucknell University; Fabrice Alizon, Bucknell University; Asli Sahin, Virginia Tech; Robert Stone, University of Missouri-Rolla; Janis Terpenny, Virginia Tech; Timothy Simpson, Pennsylvania State University; Soundar Kumara, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

: Building Value and Cost Leadership, Free Press, New York, NY, 1997.2. Sanderson, S. W. and Uzumeri, M., Managing Product Families, Irwin, Chicago, IL, 1997.3. Bremmer, R., "Cutting-Edge Platforms," Financial Times Automotive World, June 1999, pp. 30-38.4. Simpson, T. W., "Product Platform Design and Customization: Status and Promise," Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, Vol. 18, No. 1, 2004, pp. 3-20.5. Shooter, S. B., Simpson, T. W., Kumara, S. R. T., Stone, R. B. and Terpenny, J. P., "Toward an Information Management Infrastructure for Product Family Planning and Platform Customization," ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences - Design Automation Conference (Chen, W

Conference Session

Student Learning, Problem Solving, & Critical Thinking 3

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicole P Pitterson, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Ruth A. Streveler, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

. (2007). Supporting active learning and example based instruction with classroom technology. Proceedings of the 38th SIGCSE Page 24.135.13 technical symposium on Computer Science Education, 39(1), 69-73.16. Dori, Y. J., & Belcher, J. (2005). How does technology-enabled active learning affect undergraduate students' understanding of electromagnetism concepts? Journal of the Learning Sciences, 14(2), 243-279. doi: 10.1207/s15327809jls1402_317. Konings, K. D., Brand-Gruwel, S., & van Merrienboer, J. J. (2005). Towards more powerful learning environments through combining the perspectives of designers

Conference Session

Research and Graduate Studies

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erika A. Mosyjowski, University of Michigan ; Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan; Diane L Peters, University of Michigan; Steven J. Skerlos, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

practitioners betweencompleting their undergraduate degree and enrolling in a graduate program. In engineering andother STEM PhD programs, graduation age data suggests that a majority of doctoral students aredirect-pathway students, students who enroll in a graduate degree almost directly aftercompleting their undergraduate work1. Though returners are a minority of engineering doctoralstudents, their unique background and experiences make them an important group to study for anumber of reasons: 1. Returners represent new pathways to engineering graduate education. Highly trained engineers are critical to continued competitiveness in our global economy but there are currently too few students enrolling in engineering graduate programs2. The

Conference Session

ERM Potpourri

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Glenn Ellis; Baaba Andam

Session # 3630 Teaching High School Students to Teach Machines Glenn W. Ellis and Baaba Andam Smith College, Northampton, MAABSTRACTIn this paper we present elements of a learner-centered AI curriculum for high school studentsthat was field-tested in two private high schools. One of these elements is a unit in whichstudents explore the possibilities of machine intelligence and consciousness through readings andhands-on activities. Also presented in the paper is a unit for teaching students about artificialneural networks (ANN) and their application. In this unit students

Conference Session

Sustainability and the Environment

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Olivia Dees; Saeed Foroudastan

Session 3551 Sustainable Development: Intercropping for Agricultural Production Saeed D. Foroudastan, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Olivia Dees, Research Assistant Engineering Technology and Industrial Studies Department Middle Tennessee State UniversityAbstractThe damaging effects of monoculture threaten the sustainability of our world. Geneticengineering, or biotechnology, gravely endangers the future integrity of genes withpossible unforeseen mutations. For example, Monsanto has created a terminatortechnology that will not allow farmers to reproduce their own plants from

Conference Session

Robotics and Circuits

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl Joseph Murzynski, Pennsylvania State University, Behrend College; Hussein - Abdeltawab, Wake Forest University; Omar Ashour, Pennsylvania State University, Behrend College; Ahmed Sammoud, Pennsylvania State University, Behrend College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

usability score (A+)for these platforms.1. IntroductionSeveral studies have used educational robots to teach STEM concepts [1]–[3]. Robotics is amultidisciplinary topic that can be integrated into several engineering and engineering technologyprograms. Constructing a robotics lab provides educational opportunities for undergraduatestudents to learn programming, mechatronics, and other skills. Hands-on experiential learning isan essential component of any engineering and engineering technology programs. Replication ofindustrial robotic platforms can help students receive hands-on experiences aligned with industrialpractices. However, these platforms are usually costly [4], [5]. Achieving an affordable-reconfigurable-industrial setup can be

Conference Session

Computer Education Innovations II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Carlson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Ryan Smith, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 1999.5. Wulf, W. A. The urgency of engineering education reform, The Bridge, 28(1), 1998, pp. 4-8.6. Gaynor, G. Attributes of the 21st century engineer, IEEE Engineering Management Newsletter, 46(4), 1996, pp. 3-4.7. Lang, J. D., Cruse, S., McVey, F. D., and McMasters, J. Industry expectations of new engineers: A survey to assist curriculum designers. Journal of Engineering Education, 88(1), 1999, pp. 43-51.8. Davis, D., Beyerlein, S., and Davis, I. Development and use of an engineering profile. Proceedings of the ASEE 2005 Annual Conference and Exhibition, 12-15 June, Portland, OR, Session 3155.9. Nanorex Online Gallery, Nano engineering

Conference Session

Problem- Project- and Case-Based Learning in Environmental Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

MaryShannon Williams, University of Missouri, Columbia; Sara Elizabeth Ringbauer, University of Missouri, Columbia

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

Professor45 Undergraduate 7 3 female, 4 maleStudents 1 international, 6 domestic Mix of high and low scoring on a previous survey asking factors to consider when solving an ill-structured engineering problem Two graduate teaching assistants (TAs) guided students through the PBL lab sessions thatoccurred during a three-week segment of the 16-week course; they were responsible for ensuringthat students were clear on how to navigate through the website and for providing the scope andsequence of assignments each week. Two weeks after the groups turned in their final lab papers

Conference Session

The Best of Computers in Education Division (COED)

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University; Lisa Graham Robeson, Ohio Northern University; Ye Hong, Ohio Northern University; Stephany Coffman-Wolph, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

issues.Introduction and Literature ReviewFemale representation has continuously been an issue within computing, including computergaming. As women are stakeholders in educational software and make up roughly half of thepopulation, it is essential they see themselves being represented accurately and positively.Gender Representation Issues in ComputingWhen digital computers became a practical reality in the 1940s, women were the pioneers inwriting software for the machines. At the time, men regarded writing code as a secondary, lessinteresting task, as the real “glory” lay in hardware design [1]. When the number of coding jobsexploded in the 1950s and 1960s, employers looked for candidates who were logical, meticulous,and good at math. In this respect, gender

Conference Session

Technology, Communication, & Ethics

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Paulette Beatty; Jackie Revuelto; Dianne Kraft; Carolyn Clark

curricula and associated learning environments. The Foundation Coalitionwas designed to permit diverse higher education institutions to work together from theirstrengths and to function as a supportive network, as they set about the task ofreconceptualizing the undergraduate engineering experience of their students. In such amanner, these institutions collectively could serve as “change agents” for the largerengineering community. The vision was that over time, through their programmaticinnovations, they would be able to attract and retain the very best of a“…demographically diverse student body; and to graduate a new generation of engineerswho can more effectively function in the 21st century.” [1]From its founding to the present, although the

Conference Session

Innovative Program and Curricular Development

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Felicia Chong, Michigan Technological University; Douglas E. Oppliger, Michigan Technological University; Jean Kampe, Michigan Technological University; Valorie Troesch, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

enthusiasm for STEM learning among the teamparticipants. In addition to leading students in planning and completing their projects, teacher-coaches also attend online meetings where they are networked with their peers and the HSEprogram director, participate in annual summer training workshops, and take part in programassessment.In brief, HSE is a framework that allows teacher-coaches to implement and sustain long termteam-based STEM projects. The HSE program model (see Figure 1) offers ongoing support forthe teams by providing: • program director organization and expertise, e.g., an open communication link with the teacher-coaches, where they can regularly seek technical and logistics support. • assistance in seeking university and

Collection

2021 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Meeting

Authors

Joshua S Wiley, United States Military Academy; MICHAEL Robert GREIFENSTEIN, United States Military Academy, Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering; Andrew Ross Pfluger P.E., United States Military Academy

Tagged Topics

Diversity

M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering. He teaches Environmental Science, Environmental Engineering Technologies, and Physical and Chemical Treatment Processes.Lt. Col. MICHAEL Robert GREIFENSTEIN, United States Military Academy, Department of Geography &Environmental Engineering Lieutenant Colonel Michael Greifenstein, U.S. Army, is an Instructor in the Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering at the United States Military Academy. He is a 2002 graduate of the United States Military Academy with a B. S. in Environmental Science, a 2012 graduate of the Uniformed Service University of the Health Sciences with an M.S. in Public Health and a graduate of the Command and General Staff College with

Collection

2003 GSW

Authors

Robert R. Bittle; R. Stephen Weis; Becky B. Bittle; David Yale

energy conversion and power distribution systems. During morningsessions, materials covering thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and electro-mechanical machinesare presented and discussed. Afternoon sessions in the laboratory are used to reinforce themorning topics and typically generate new questions for explorations. During the past twosummers, a complete energy conversion system consisting of a water wheel and a smallgenerator has been built and the performance characterized. A special emphasis is made oncharacterizing system losses. Proceedings of the 2003 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference The University of Texas at Arlington Copyright  2003, American Society for

Conference Session

Student Performance and Learning & Open-ended problems

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica E. S. Swenson, University at Buffalo, SUNY; Emma Treadway, Trinity University; Shea E. Lape; Alison Casson

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

engineering, become competentengineers, and find success in their respective fields. This research can inform educators on theimportance of assigning novel, ill-defined problems that require students to apply their criticalthinking skills and logic skills in real world situations.IntroductionIn the last few decades, research on engineering identity has substantially increased. In fact, atASEE last year, there were two sessions in the Educational and Research Methods divisionfocused explicitly on engineering identity. Much of the recent work on this topic has beenspurred on by Godwin’s instrument [1] to measure engineering identity. While the factors of thisinstrument are built on previous qualitative studies (detailed in the background below

Conference Session

Mentoring Graduate Students

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tony Mitchell, North Carolina State University; Robyn Fillinger, North Carolina State University; Marcia Williams, North Carolina A&T State University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

include an assessment of the effectiveness of theproject approaches to achieve the desired objectives. Possible methods of collecting data includeon-line and paper surveys, face to face focus group sessions and one–on-one interviews with BDFellows as well as their faculty mentors. We anticipate quantitative data will include at aminimum: 1) Number and percentage of fellows who successfully complete their Master’s degree and enroll in doctoral programs; 2) Number and percentage of fellows who complete the doctoral degree in a STEM field; 3) Number of fellows, if any, who pursue doctoral degrees in other fields; 4) Number of fellows who enter into the professoriate; 5) Number and percentage of Ph.D. graduates who pursue other STEM

Collection

2008 GSW

Authors

Ronald E. Barr; J.P. Mohsen; Jane M. Fraser; Amir Karimi; Nelson A. Macken; John A. Stratton; John J. Uhran, Jr.; Sandra A. Yost

Session 7-1 ASEE Year of Dialog: Intermediate Zones’ Report Ronald E. Barr University of Texas at Austin J.P. Mohsen University of Louisville Jane M. Fraser Colorado State University at Pueblo Amir Karimi University of Texas at San Antonio Nelson A. Macken Swarthmore College

Collection

2014 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Andriani Parastiwi; Taufik Taufik

engineering, computer engineering, mechanical engineering, and civil engineeringprograms. This project was a multidisciplinary project where coordination of the team was donetwice a month. In each phase of the project, students and faculty were working together tocomplete several particular tasks as seen in Table 1.Table 1. MHPP project team member and tasks.Engineering Number of Team TasksProgram Electrical 6 - Designing and implementing generator, load controller, and power transmission for the MHPP - Designing the MHPP field survey methods - Conducting field survey for

Conference Session

Successful Mentoring and Outreach Programs for Girls and Minorities

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura Campo, Rice University; Stephanie Rice, Rice University; Daniela Rimer, Rice University; Brent Houchens, Rice University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

in-part by the Rice-Texas Medical Center Chapterof Sigma Xi, and in-part and in-kind by the Rice University School of Engineering and RiceRecreation Center. DREAM also benefits from an HP Technology for Teaching grant.Special thanks are due to Tim Johnson of AHS, one of the founding members of DREAM and atireless supporter Tony Castilleja, and the Houston East End Chamber of Commerce for in-kindsupport. Most importantly, thanks is due to the more than 50 mentors who have volunteeredtheir time for the DREAM program.References[1] 2000 US Census, Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics, US Census Bureau, 2000.[2] 2006 Profiles of Engineering and Engineering Technology Colleges. American Society for EngineeringEducation

Conference Session

Emerging Computing and Information Technologies

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mudasser Fraz Wyne, National University; Jimmy Faraon, National University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

adjunct faculty. In the last academic year alone, our department enrolled more than 5000 students and generated approximately 78% of the School of Engineering, Technology and Media’s annual credit hours. Currently I serve as a Professor of Computer Science and am intimately involved with program de- velopment and streamlining of existing programs to align them towards the future demands of academia. I am currently the Program Lead for BSc in Information Systems and have also served recently as the co-Lead for MSc Computer Science and Program Lead for MSc in Database Administration programs. Previously at the National University of San Diego, I have also served as the Chair of the Undergraduate Council Program review

Conference Session

Assessing with Technology

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

T.M. Wildman; M. L. Wolfe; Jr., O.Hayden Griffin, O.Hayden Griffin,; J. Muffo; G.T. Adel; G.V. Loganathan; Kumar Mallikarjunan, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Tamara Knott, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Marie Paretti, Virginia Tech; Vinod Lohani, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

college. Use of theePortfolio is an important part of the assessment component of this 3-year long study.IntroductionA portfolio is a purposeful collection of artifacts to demonstrate effort, progress, andachievement. Within an educational setting a portfolio can be prepared in the context of acourse, a program, or an institution; the author of the portfolio can be the student, a facultymember, an administrator, or an organization (department, program, etc.); and the purpose of theportfolio may be developmental, evaluative, and/or representative.1 With the ever increasing useand advancement of technology, the electronic portfolio (ePortfolio) is emerging as a viableoption to the traditional paper portfolio. The University of California, Berkeley

Conference Session

Physics in the K-16 Classroom

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Mike Cheung; Rex Ramsier; Ed Evans; Francis Broadway; Helen Qammar

Session 2480 University Physics: A Hybrid Approach R.D. Ramsier Departments of Physics, Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering F.S. Broadway Department of Curricular and Instructional Studies H.M. Cheung, E.A. Evans and H.K. Qammar Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Akron Akron, OH 44325Abstract: The calculus-based introductory physics course serves a cross-section ofmajors but is mainly aimed at engineering students

Conference Session

Technology in Mechanics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michelle Marie Grau, Stanford Univeristy; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

process as it is a technical one, and that compromise is a key part of creating asuccessful design. To play the game, four students, each with a different role, form a design teamand are tasked with developing a structure that meets the different sets of constraints posed byeach role. The four roles are the structural engineer, thermal engineer, project manager, andarchitect. Each team must design a residence in an imaginary world which they build with redand blue triangles on a diamond grid. The red and blue tiles mean different things to each player.For example, the thermal engineer sees the red triangles as heat-producing elements, while theproject manager sees them as a representation of cost. Each player also has different constraintsthat