Conference Session

Gender & Minority Issues in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Thompson, Purdue University; Pamela Turner, Purdue University EPICS; William Oakes, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

theinitial success and looks forward to future studies on the impact of this model of earlyengineering.Bibliography1. Noddings, N. (1992). Gender and Curriculum, from the Handbook of Research on Curriculum, edited by P. W. Jackson, New York: Macmillan.2. Rosser, S. V. (1990). Female-Friendly Science. Pergamon Press, Elmsford, NY.3. Rosser, S. V. (1995). Teaching the Majority: Breaking the Gender Barrier in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering. Teachers College Press, New York, NY.4. Seymour, E. & Hewitt, N. (1997). Talking About Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.5. Matyas, M. L. & Malcolm, S. (1991). Investing in Human Potential: Science and Engineering at the Crossroads. AAAS

Conference Session

Enhancing Mechanics Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Francesco Costanzo, Pennsylvania State University; Gary L. Gray, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

Governing Equations section.Computation The manipulation and solution of the governing equations.Discussion & Verification A verification of the apparent correctness of the solution and a dis- cussion of the solution’s physical meaning with an emphasis on the role played by the assumptions stated under the Modeling heading.We viewed (and presented to the students) the structured problem solving approach describedabove as a universal problem solving procedure to be applied to any problem concerning forcesand motion both in undergraduate and graduate courses, as well as in research and development.When we first proposed it, we felt that this approach to problem solving was quite different fromwhat could actually be found in current

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

George E. Meyer, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Yufeng Ge, University of Nebraska - Lincoln

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

Paper ID #16110Instrumentation and Controls Instruction for Agricultural and Biological En-gineering StudentsProf. George E. Meyer, University of Nebraska - Lincoln There is a co-author. GEORGE MEYER, Professor, has taught graduate and undergraduate classes that involve plant and ani- mal growth and environmental factors, modeling, and instrumentation and controls for both agricultural and biological systems engineering students for 38 years. He specializes in electronic instrumentation, sensors, controls, thermal and spectral image analysis for plant growth response, water use and stress; crop, weeds, machine vision

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Ross, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics

Paper ID #25138Assessment of Quantum Mechanical ConceptsDr. Robert A. Ross, University of Detroit Mercy Robert A. Ross is a Professor of Physics in the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry at the University of Detroit Mercy. His research interests include semiconductor devices and physics pedagogy. Ross received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Physics from Wayne State University in Detroit. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Assessment of Quantum Mechanical ConceptsAbstractDetroit Mercy offers a comprehensive engineering program with degrees in mechanical, civil

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

Mark Highum; Mark Kinney; Scott Kuhl; Aleksandr Sergeyev

advanced robotics curriculum that aligned with that of its university partner.Even with grant funding, creating separate academic programs to meet each of the diverserequests from area employers was impractical. Instead, Bay College and Michigan TechUniversity aimed to create a single program that contained elements of each employer request.For example, rather than creating an entire program surrounding the need for graduates with anelectronics skillset, and yet another program focusing on hydraulics and pneumatics, a singleprogram would be created that included introductory coursework in each of these areas and thatallowed students to customize the remainder of their educational experience to the specificindustry or employer they wanted to target

Conference Session

Women Faculty & the NSF ADVANCE Program

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Christopher Loving; Joyce Yen

Cultural Change Program (CDCCP) which was developed with ADVANCE Visiting Scholar Chris Loving. The program’s structure reflects the need for skills development and frequent, ongoing opportunities to address cultural change. Emphasized is exploration of cultural change concepts and acquisition of related individual and leadership skills. Concurrently, these concepts and skills are used to create and implement specific initiatives to improve the climate for everyone in the department. This paper will describe the CDCCP theoretical framework, program structure, and resulting impact.Introduction and BackgroundMore than three decades ago, researchers began to study the differential experience of womenfaculty

Conference Session

Programming and DSP Potpourri

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Delores Etter; Cameron Wright; Michael Morrow; Thad Welch

-Madison, WI Abstract Many digital signal processing (DSP) topics are difficult for undergraduates to internalize, but studies have shown that demonstrations and laboratory experiences can facilitate the process. In the past, many barriers prevented including real-time DSP hardware in an undergraduate curriculum. This paper describes a pedagogical model the authors have developed which includes theory, demos, lab exercises, and real- time DSP experience using Matlab, C, and real-time DSP hardware that overcomes the barriers. This model has been very successful.1 IntroductionA common complaint heard from electrical engineering (EE) undergraduates

Conference Session

SE Capstone Design Projects, Part I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Stansbury, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Massood Towhidnejad, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Jayson F. Clifford; Michael P. Dop, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering, Systems Engineering

AC 2011-1103: AGILE METHODOLOGIES FOR HARDWARE / SOFT-WARE TEAMS FOR A CAPSTONE DESIGN COURSE: LESSONS LEARNEDRichard Stansbury, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach Richard S. Stansbury is an assistant professor of computer science and computer engineering at Embry- Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach, FL. He instructs the capstone senior design course for computer and software engineering. His current research interests include unmanned aircraft, certification issues for unmanned aircraft, mobile robotics, and applied artificial intelligence.Massood Towhidnejad, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach Massood Towhidnejad is a tenure full professor of software engineering in the department

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Andrew T. Rose

Needs and GoalsIn accepting a faculty position, it is important to consider the needs and goals of all involvedparties.At first I was not sure my wife understood my career goals. Leaving a consulting engineeringposition for a faculty position would result in a salary reduction, as well as longer work hours.My wife did not know me during my graduate school years and I was not sure she understoodmy purpose in getting an advanced degree. When completing my Doctorate, I was unable to finda faculty position. Fortunately, I found a consulting position with a firm known to valueemployees with advanced degrees and involved with applied research within my field.Although, I enjoyed this consulting position, I had decided earlier in my career that I

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 4 - Global South Engineering

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rodrigo Martinez-Duarte; Magda Guerra-Ayala; Jaime Molina-Verdugo, ITESO University

Processes and their Applications; the course at ITESO, of 22 students total with 14 industrial engineering and therest business administration majors, was Manufacturing Services and Strategies. The course was required for graduation for all engineering majors and optional for business majors. The project was split into 5 major team deliverables, mapping a COIL framework as follows: in week 1, emphasizing team building and the development of trust; in weeks 2, 3 and 5, comparative discussion, team organization; and in week 9, collaborative project work. Different speakers from industry facilitated discussion on international teamwork and supply chain. There were individual reflections in week 1 and 9, before and after the project

Collection

2003 GSW

Authors

Amir Karimi

Using Learning Objective Assessment Tools to Enhance Undergraduate Engineering Education Amir Karimi Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio AbstractThe Mechanical Engineering Department at The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA)provides an undergraduate program that gives students an opportunity to prepare for professionalengineering practice or for entry into a graduate program of study. The undergraduate program isbased on a foundation of mathematics, basic and applied science, engineering science, andmechanical engineering

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Cornucopia

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Abigail E. Heinz, Rowan University; Matthew Strauss; Mary Staehle, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

unchanged from the validated form. The surveywas administered at the start of the semester (within the first week of class) and at the end of thesemester (within the last week of class). The completion of this survey was entirely voluntaryand did not impact student grades in any way.Development of the Introductory Activity and Its AssessmentPrevious course iterations had included random prompts developed by the instructor prior toclass. To study the effects of the activity, the prompts were designed with intention for Spring2020.Prompts were compiled through a series of brainstorming sessions between two undergraduatestudent researchers who were not otherwise associated with the course or its material. Thecriteria determined for acceptable prompts

Collection

2021 ASEE Pacific Southwest Conference - "Pushing Past Pandemic Pedagogy: Learning from Disruption"

Authors

Sam B Siewert, California State University, Chico

Dr. Siewert joined the California State University to teach computer science and software engineering as full time faculty and retains an adjunct professor role at University of Colorado Boulder and Embry Riddle Aeronautical University. Research interests include real-time systems, machine vision and machine learning. Dr. Siewert was a co-founder of the Embedded Systems Engineering program at University of Colorado. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021Improving Student Outcomes with Final Parallel Program Mastery Approach for Numerical Methods Sam Siewert

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Innovation in First-Year Programs

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Curtis Abel, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Kristin Boudreau, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Through a Humanistic Lens” in Engineering Studies 2015 and ”A Game-Based Approach to Information Literacy and Engi- neering in Context” (with Laura Hanlan) in Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference 2015. A classroom game she developed with students and colleagues at WPI, ”Humanitarian Engineering Past and Present: Worcester’s Sewage Problem at the Turn of the Twentieth Century” was chosen by the Na- tional Academy of Engineering as an ”Exemplary Engineering Ethics Activity” that prepares students for ”ethical practice, research, or leadership in engineering.” c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Negotiating a Nineteenth-Century Solution  AbstractThis

Conference Session

Hybrid and Online Teaching of Mechanics

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Carmen M. Muller-Karger, Florida International University ; Lili Steiner, Florida International University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

prerequisite for a group of three more classes that areprerequisites to each other in the sequence of Fluid Mechanics, Geotechnical Engineering andSenior Design Project. Again, passing this course constitutes a key component in successfullygraduating in four years.For the above-mentioned reasons and as stated by several researchers in the area of engineeringeducation [2] [3], the Dynamics course represents a major icon for both Mechanical and CivilEngineering. Success in this class will help in the student retention rate, strengthen studentengineering identity, and, therefore, in student graduation success.As distance education is becoming less of a disruption and more mainstream, the design ofinstruction is essential, as it is not possible to achieve

Conference Session

Developing ABET Outcomes F--J

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Karim Nasr; Raymond Berg

and contentof the capstone course. Instructors, in addition to focusing on a design and an end product, mustrevisit how the course contributes to students’ achievement of EC 2000 outcomes. Since atypical capstone course is taken by students near the end of their undergraduate studies, it buildson knowledge acquired from earlier coursework, and it makes use of technology to demonstrateachievement of soft and technical skills.Kettering faculty considered this body of work in reviewing the course/thread/capstone sequenceof study for an undergraduate mechanical engineer. Course-level correlation of student learningobjectives to EC 2000 outcomes was performed for each course. It was generally found that mostof the “traditional engineering” EC 2000

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking II: Interpretation, Curricular Practices, and Structural Change

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Melissa C Kenny, Wake Forest University; Olga Pierrakos, Wake Forest University ; Monique O'Connell, Wake Forest University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

at Wake Forest in 2019.Dr. Olga Pierrakos, Wake Forest University Dr. Olga Pierrakos is Founding Chair and Professor of the new Department of Engineering at Wake For- est University - a private, liberal arts, research institution. As one of the newest engineering programs in the nation, she is facilitating the realization of building an innovative program aligned with the university mission of Pro Humanitate (For Humanity) and well-integrated within the liberal arts tradition. Her vision is to educate the whole person and the whole engineer with fearlessness and virtuous character. She is the PI on the Kern Family Foundation award to infuse character education across the WFU Engineering cur- riculum in partnership

Conference Session

Non-Canonical Canons of Engineering Ethics

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiaofeng Tang, Penn State University; Dean Nieusma, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society, Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

ethics education.The historical narrative presented in this paper stems from a study of the institutional history ofanother engineering organization in the 1970s: the Committee for Social Responsibility inEngineering (CSRE). In the summer of 2011, the authors of this paper conducted archivalresearch of CSRE’s publication, Spark Magazine. Although CSRE stood as a dissident groupwithin the engineering establishment throughout its existence, our research showed that some ofCSRE’s core members were also playing important roles in the mainstream professionalengineering societies, such as IEEE. For example, Unger—an active contributor to SparkMagazine—also helped organize CSIT within IEEE and published regularly in the IEEE CSITNewsletter. Following

Conference Session

Design in Freshman Year

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Anita Mahadevan-Jansen; Christopher Rowe

curriculum in the context ofengineering problem solving.The first major change involves the development of a module-based freshman course inengineering. In this course, students take a common module focused on engineering problemsolving and computing for seven weeks. The general module is taught in the context of datamanagement/analysis using different software packages. Based on these skills, discipline-specific modules were created for each engineering major offered at the Vanderbilt School ofEngineering (VUSE). The general module is followed by two self-selected four-week, discipline-specific modules that focused on a current event or area of research. Each discipline-specificmodule was designed in the context of problem based learning with a

Conference Session

Technology-Enhanced Learning

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Cramer, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Robert Jeanne, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Moira Lafayette, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Michael J. Litkow, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Amber R. Smith, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Lillian Tong, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

pedagogical practices thatincorporate active learning, engagement, collaboration and assessment to improvestudent learning, our measure of success in terms of faculty adoption is morecomplex. As studies indicate, many factors contribute to implementation ofsuccessful instructional innovations9. In a survey of faculty we have gatheredfeedback on the effectiveness of the Surge approach in terms of technical assistanceprovided, support for use of research-based pedagogical practices, use of the eCOW2system overall, and faculty preferences for professional development opportunitiesoffered to sustain TEL.A major goal of the surge team has been to help instructors understand and use theeCOW2/Moodle software features available to support their instructional

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Team-Based and Experiential Learning

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elissa Ledoux, Middle Tennessee State University; Brian James Slaboch, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

Paper ID #46774Faculty-Driven vs. Student-Driven Design Projects for Mechatronics EngineeringCapstoneDr. Elissa Ledoux, Middle Tennessee State University Elissa is a Mechatronics Engineering lecturer at Middle Tennessee State University, teaching the senior design capstone course and others. She earned her B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Louisiana State University in 2013 and her M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Vanderbilt University in 2016 and 2024, focusing on lower and upper limb rehabilitation robotics research, respectively. After working for Universal Robotics in 2017-2018, she joined MTSU in 2018 as

Collection

2023 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Joaquin Rodriguez, University of Pittsburgh; Robert Enick

products (lube oils, asphalts, waxes, cokes) at Petroleos de Venezuela, PDVSA (1983-1998). He is a founding member of Universidad Monteavila (Caracas, Venezuela) (1998—2018) and became the Chancellor of this university (2005-2015), and the President of the Center for Higher Studies (2015-2018), including teaching in the Humanities. After rejoining the University of Pittsburgh, he has been teaching Pillar courses on Reactive Process Engineering, Process Control, Process Control Lab, and Process Design. In addition to technical courses, his service extends over curriculum development, outreach programs, alumni network, team and leadership skills development, global awareness, sustainability, and diversity, equity and

Conference Session

Professional Practice and AEC Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Dupuis, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Benjamin Thompson, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Lawrence Bank, University of Wisconsin - Madison; John Herridge, Autodesk

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

inherent loss of informationand efficiency when these drawings are transferred from member to member of the AEC team.This method of building delivery appears to be as revolutionary to the AEC industry as computeraided manufacturing and robotics were to the automotive industry.Many major architecture, engineering and contracting firms have begin to shift entire offices ortheir whole operation to the BIM methodology2. For engineering graduates to be marketable andcompetitive in the job market of the near future, experience with BIM software and knowledgeof the BIM design and delivery methodology will be increasingly important.Therefore, in the spring semester of 2007, the University of Wisconsin at Madison offered itsfirst two-credit engineering

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert P. Hesketh; C. Stewart Slater

as the necessary framework for solving complex problems; (iii) incorporationof state-of-the-art technologies throughout the curricula; (iv) and creation of continuous opportu-nities for technical communication. To best meet these objectives, the four engineering programsof Chemical, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering have a common engineering clinicthroughout their program of study. In addition to the engineering clinic, they share a commonfirst year of courses. Our first class of entering freshmen consists of 101 students having an av-erage SAT score of 1274 and graduating in the top 12% of their high school class.The current Freshman Engineering Clinic sequence, which is taught in the Fall and Spring se-mesters, has laboratory

Conference Session

Civil Engineering in the Age of AI

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Allen C Estes, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Peter Laursen, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

teaching and using AI toimprove writing, especially around academic research, to manage complex ideas and extensiveinformation. The study examines 24 cases that demonstrated the impact of AI on academicwriting and research. AI enhanced academic writing in the six areas of generating ideas,structuring content, synthesizing literature, managing data, editing, and complying with ethicalissues. Grammarly and OpenAI’s ChatGPT were singled out for excellence in crafting clear andoriginal academic content through checking grammar, detecting plagiarism, and generating text.The recommendations also emphasized training, ethical usage, and transparent integration in theuse of AI.With respect to the debate on whether AI should be introduced, Ross [7

Conference Session

LEES 6: Writing & Communication

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheila Gobes-Ryan, University of South Florida; Kingsley Reeves, University of South Florida; Elizabeth Vicario, University of South Florida; Walter Silva Sotillo, University of South Florida; Victor Ventor, University of South Florida; Ardis Hanson

key to unlocking information literacy in the STEM disciplines," College & Research Libraries News, vol. 81, no. 3, 2020, doi: 10.5860/crln.81.3.145.[7] R. Peck, "There’s more to statistics than computation—teaching students how to communicate statistical results," in Proceedings of the IASE Satellite Conference on Statistics Education and the Communication of Statistics. Voorburg, The Netherlands: International Statistical Institute 2005, April, pp. 1-4.[8] S. Read and M. A. Mathison, "Locating common ground for diplomacy," in Sojourning in Disciplinary Cultures: A Case Study of Teaching Writing in Engineering, M. A. Mathison Ed. Louisville, CO: Utah State University Press, 2019, pp. 71-86

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lorraine Francis, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Michael Manno, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Paper ID #26705Integrating 3-D Printing and CAD into a Materials Science and EngineeringCurriculumProf. Lorraine Francis, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Lorraine Francis is a Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science at the University of Minnesota and the 3M Chair in Experiential Learning in the College of Science and Engineering at the University of Minnesota. Her research is focused on the field of materials processing. She has developed several courses and authored a textbook.Prof. Michael Manno, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Michael Manno is a Teaching Associate Professor in

Conference Session

Design in the ECE Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Huettel, Duke University; Kip Coonley, Duke University; Michael Gustafson, Duke University; Jungsang Kim, Duke University; Gary Ybarra, Duke University; Leslie Collins, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

arealistic framework. By challenging students to complete guided experiments and solve open-ended problems, this laboratory serves to both reinforce fundamental concepts and motivate theirstudy. Based on assessment results from the first two offerings of Fundamentals, there is strongevidence that the “Experiment, Explore, Design” approach effectively improves studentunderstanding, motivation, and design skills.Bibliography1. L. J. Shuman et al., “The future of engineering education,” in Proc. 32nd Annual Frontiers in EducationConference, 2002.2. B. Olds and R. Miller, “The effect of a first-year integrated engineering curriculum on graduation rates andstudent satisfaction: A longitudinal study,” J. Engineering Education, pp. 23–36, Jan. 2004.3. J. H

Conference Session

Teaching and Advising Tools Using Computers and Smart Devices

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Taekyoung Kwon, Seoul National University; Myungchul Kwak, Seoul National University; Junghwan Song, Seoul National University; Selin Chun, Seoul National University; Seokho Chi, Seoul National University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Paper ID #15354A Tool for Checking Attendance of Students in Classroom AutomaticallyProf. Taekyoung Kwon, Seoul National University Ted ”Taekyoung” Kwon is a professor with Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU). Before joining SNU, he was a Postdoctoral Research Associate at University of California Los Angeles and City University New York. He obtained BS, MS and PhD at SNU in 1993, 1995, 2000, respectively. During his graduate program, he was a visiting student at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center and at University of North Texas. He was a visiting professor at Rutgers University

Conference Session

Developing Infrastructure Professionals

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew W Roberts, Southern Utah University; Carol Haden, Magnolia Consulting, LLC

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Underlying Concept Maps and How to Construct and Use Them," Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, 2006.[8] M. Besterfield-Sacre, J. Gerchak, M. Lyons, L. J. Shuman and H. Wolfe, "Scoring concept maps: An integrated rubric for assessing engineering education," Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 105-115, 2004.[9] J. D. Novak, "Results and implications of a 12-year longitudinal study of science concept learning," Research in Science Education , vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 23-40, 2005.[10] E. Plotnick, "Concept mapping: A graphical system for understanding the relationship between concepts," ERIC Clearinghouse on Information & Technology, Syracuse, NY, 1997.[11] K. M. Edmonson, "Assessing science understanding