Conference Session

Various Prospectives in Power Systems

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yeong Ryu, State University of New York, Farmingdale; Hazem Tawfik, State University of New York, Farmingdale; Brandon Scott Weisberg, Farmingdale State College; Gonca Altuger-Genc, State University of New York, Farmingdale

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

procedure of the separation of two phase flow is to create the two phases so thatthey can be separated by physical means. As the two phase flow leaves the module, as depictedin Figure B, the gas is in a mixture with a considerable portion of water vapor. The steam-syngasmixture must be separated later in the process but can only be done so in the form of a two phaseflow. The synthesis gas would remain a gas and the steam would need to be changed into liquidwater. This change is necessary because the method of separation depends upon relativedensities.The two phase flow is created by condensing the water vapor into liquid water. Thiscondensation is necessary as the temperature of the synthesis gas/ steam mixture exiting theSteam Generator module is

Conference Session

Capstone and Design Projects

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Mohsen Azizi, Michigan Technological University; Shashank Barkur Lakshmikanth

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

completed FE model. Figure 8 End-Effector Boundary conditionsWith all the properties and boundary conditions discussed, the FE model was simulated inHyperMesh with OptiStruct solver and results shown in Figure 9 (a) demonstrates that the structurewill endure a maximum static deflection of 0.0045in (0.1mm). Figure 9 (b) shows the von misesstresses generated in the structure due to the load. The structure generates 594.7 psi von misesstress while the permissible limit is nearly 8000 psi for aluminum providing 13.5 safety factor(SF). With the static deflection being very small, and the stresses generated well below thepermissible limit for aluminum, thereby providing for a large SF, the design is considered to besafe for

Conference Session

Leadership and Administration in ET

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tim Brower, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

12Technical Content 67.5 CreditsComputer Aided 17 b 13 10EngineeringTechnical 18 a, b 21 18FundamentalsMaterial Science 6 b 6 3Mechanics Mech 19 a, b, c 13 7 SystemsControls 12 b 12 6Thermo/Fluids Thermal 18 a, b, c 21 3 SystemsCapstone Yes 9 Yes 9 9Professional

Conference Session

Civil ET Curriculum

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge Tito-Izquierdo, University of Houston-Downtown; Alberto Gomez-Rivas, University of Houston-Downtown; George Pincus, University of Houston-Downtown

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

lambdap = 10.79 4 Ix = 999 in lambdar = 27.7 4 Iy = 362 in For Bending all rolled W shapes are compact except: 4 Zx = 157 in A) W40x174, W14x99, W14x90, W12x65, W10x12, W8x10, and W6x15 for 50 ksi 4 Zy = 75.6 in B) W6x15 for 36 ksi. BENDING AND SHEAR CAPACITY OF w14x90

Conference Session

Mechanical/Manufacturing ET Design Projects

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dugan Um, Southwest Texas State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

(complete surface removal) or surface cleaning, some are known to be anisotropic suitable forprecision microstructure manufacturing. For instance, KOH is a chemical compound that attackssilicon, producing characteristic anisotropic V-etch, with sidewalls that form a 54.7° angle withthe surface (35.3° from the normal). This etch process is independent of the doping concentrationof As, P and Sb. For B, the <110> etch rate drops quickly at high doping concentrations though.Such precision V-etch by selective wet etching is the foundation of the bulk micromachining. The two key capabilities that lead bulk micromachining to become a viable technology inMEMS are: (1) Anisotropic etchants of Si, such as ethylene-diamine and pyrocatechol (EDP

Conference Session

Innovative Curriculum in Engineering Technology

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Massoud Moussavi, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

experiments,three more experiments of: power losses due to the opticalfiber mismatch, optical sensors, and optical communicationwere added to the above experiments. In order to satisfyTAC-ABET criteria “g” which states students must havethe “ability to communicate effectively,” the course plansalso included a group project where students are asked tocreate a team of three, write a term paper on the recentdevelopments in optics and its applications, and present itto the entire class.Optics course and TAC-ABET’s A-K criteria: The newoptic course in the ECET program satisfies the followingTAC-ABET criteria: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and k.The Photonics course description and course outline of theECET program at CalPoly-Pomona University. CALIFORNIA STATE

Conference Session

Assessment of Engineering Technology Programs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Virendra Varma, Missouri Western State University; Tina Varma, University of Central Missouri

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

program or campus location, with theresources necessary to create an ePortfolio. Every student is allocated up to 1 GB of onlinestorage space. Students can apply for a web folder with in this storage space. This is offered at nocharge by ITS. Digital files copied into this web folder are accessible by any internet webbrowser.”4 According to David DiBiase, Director of e-Education Institute at Penn State,ePortfolios provide many benefits to faculty, students, and the institution…some of thosebenefits are:Benefit to Students a. Enhancement of their IT skills b. Enhanced Learning c. Ability to see their own growth as learnersBenefits to Faculty a. Assessment of course or program objectivesBenefits to Academic Departments a. Transparency in

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheng Y. Lin P.E., Old Dominion University; Yuzhong Shen, Old Dominion University; Mileta Tomovic, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

right, and bottom left respectively. In addition, six auxiliary icons are also created in this development: a. Cable Color Selection Students will be able to select colors for the wiring cables used in their laboratory works. For example, they may choose red color for the cables connected from the +24V- Volt power source and blue for the cables connected to the 0-V power source. b. File Save Each student can save his/her project in a file which can be used to submit his/her work to the instructor and/or stop his/her unfinished work whenever he/she wants. c. File Open The instructor can use this icon to open a file sent from a student for grading purpose, or a student can continue his/her unfinished

Conference Session

ET Projects

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Eydgahi, Eastern Michigan University; Payam Matin, University of Maryland, Eastern Shore; Lukman G. Bolahan Anidu

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Approach to Creating a Project-Based RFID Course, IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 404-412, August 2009.[7] Ahsan, K., Shah, H., and Kingston, P., RFID Applications: An Introductory and Exploratory Study, IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 1, No. 3, pp. 1694-0784, 2010.[8] Chattaraj, A., Bansal, S., and Chandra, A., An intelligent traffic control system using RFID, IEEE Potentials, Vol. 28, pp. 40–43, 2009.[9] Kathawala, Y.A. and Tueck, B., The use of RFID for traffic management, International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management, Vol. 8, pp.111– 125, 2008.[10] Djassemi, M. and Singh, J., The Use of RFID in Manufacturing and Packaging Technology Laboratories

Conference Session

Focus on ETAC Accreditation

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Barbara L. Christe, State University of New York; Scott C. Dunning, University of Maine

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

accreditation purposes depends on a myriad of activities. Areview of both best practices as well as common pitfalls and shortcomings can focus effortsthroughout the accreditation cycle. In addition, targeted decisions prior to the development of aself-study can promote the success of accreditation review.References[1] C. Bern, B. Steward, A. Kaleita-Forbes, S. Mickelson, and T. Brumm, T, “Abet Is Coming!Getting Faculty Involved.” in Proceedings of the American Society of Engineering Education2005 Annual Conference, Portland, Oregon, June 2005.[2] B. Christe, and E. Cooney, E, “Meet the ABET “Student Work Sample” requirements:Document student learning.” in American Society of Engineering Education Annual ConferenceProceedings, Austin, TX, June 2009.[3

Conference Session

Computer Engineering Technology Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

C. Richard Helps, Brigham Young University; Janell Armstrong, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Volume: 8, Issue: 1, pp21-329. Controller Area Network Description http://www.interfacebus.com/Design_Connector_CAN.html10. Robert Bosch Gmbh, CAN Specification, Version 2.0, Robert Bosch, Stuttgart, 199111. Leen, G. Heffernan, D. Dunne, A. “Digital networks in the automotive vehicle”, IET Computing & ControlEngineering Journal, Dec 1999, V10 No6, pp 257-26612. Koopman, Philip “Critical Embedded Automotive Networks” IEEE Micro, Jul/Aug 2002, V22N4, pp14-1813. Fredriksson, L.-B. “CAN for critical embedded automotive networks” IEEE Micro, Jul/Aug 2002, V22N4,pp28-3514. Rust, Roland T., Thompson, Debora Viana, Hamilton Rebecca W., “Defeating Feature Fatigue” HarvardBusiness Review, Feb 1 2006.15. Symbian Analyst Statistics Quoted from Gartner

Conference Session

Engineering Technology

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anne M. Lucietto, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Jennifer Drapinski Moss, Purdue University; Mark French, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

technical and administration manual. (Gregorc associates Incorporated, 1984).2 Gregorc, A. F. Style as a symptom: A phenomenological perspective. Theory into practice 23, 51-55 (1984).3 Lucietto, A. M. & Efendy, E. Systematic Review of Engineering Technology Education Literature, in ASEE's Annual Conference & Exposition. (ed ASEE).4 Streveler, R. A., Borrego, M. & Smith, K. A. Moving from the ‘scholarship of teaching and learning’to ‘educational research’: An example from engineering. To improve the academy 25, 139-149 (2007).5 Christe, B. & Feldhaus, C. Exploring Engineering Technolo gy Persistence and Institutional Interventions: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Engineering

Conference Session

Computer ET Projects and Applications

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jai Agrawal, Purdue University-Calumet; Omer Farook, Purdue University-Calumet; Chandra Sekhar, Purdue University-Calumet; Michael Segura, Purdue University-Calumet

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Wiport and OOPic-R Communication Development board Board Wi-Fi Mail BoxFig. 2 Detailed block diagram of the Wi-Fi mail boxThe development board in Fig. 2 consists of two printed circuit boards a) Wiport developmentboard and b) OOPic-R development board. The Wiport Developmental board (Lantronix) has theability of 802.11b wireless networking to any edge device with a serial interface, supports Page 11.597.3WLAN or

Conference Session

Assessment & TC2K Methods

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nirmal Das, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Education, 2006 Assessment and Evaluation of Engineering Technology ProgramsAbstractIn order to execute a continuous improvement plan in compliance with the TAC/ABETTechnology Criteria 2000 (TC2K), engineering technology programs face the challenge ofoutcomes-based assessment followed by evaluation, and implementation of improvementmeasures. Multiple constituencies are to be involved in the process, as the TC2K stipulate use ofmultiple assessment tools and measures for (a) the program outcomes, i.e., knowledge andcapabilities of students at the time of graduation and (b) the program objectives, i.e., theexpected accomplishments of graduates during the first few years after graduation.Effective assessment tools provide the information needed

Conference Session

ETD Design I: Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Weissbach, Pennsylvania State University, Erie; Mark D. Rynders, Pennsylvania State University, Erie, The Behrend College; David R. Loker, Pennsylvania State University, Erie

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the output is logiclow (Table 1). If the input signal (Vin) and the VCO signal (Vvco) are in phase the output willalways be a logic low. On the other hand if the signals are 180 out of phase, the output willalways be a logic high. Table 1. XOR Truth Table A B Q 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0Figure 7 shows the simple operation of the XOR gate as a phase comparator. Note that the pulsewidth of the output signal depends on the phase difference between Vvco and Vin

Conference Session

ETAC/ABET-Related Issues

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sri R. Kolla, Bowling Green State University; David Border, Bowling Green State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

’ identified. Thestudent outcomes, l to n listed below, for the ECET program are identical to the outcomes c, dand e of program criteria for Electrical/Electronic(s) Engineering Technology and similarlynamed programs4. The outcomes a and b of the EET program criteria of ETAC-ABET aresupported by student outcomes ‘a to k’ of our ECET program. l. The ability to analyze, design, and implement control systems, instrumentation systems, communications systems, computer systems, or power systems. m. The ability to apply project management techniques to electrical/electronic(s) systems. n. The ability to utilize statistics/probability, transform methods, discrete mathematics, or applied differential equations in support of electrical

Conference Session

Various Prospectives in Power Systems

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Omonowo David Momoh, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne; Austin James Deventer; Nathaniel Ryan Beemer

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

rotating transformer. Students are required to plot the torque-speed characteristic curve for the machine. STATOR A START SWITCH ROTOR A 3Φ AC INPUT B C B C PRONY BRAKE Page 26.1053.11 TACHOMETER Figure 8a: Induction Motor Torque-Speed

Conference Session

ETD Manufacturing/3D Printing

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Dai Vian, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Nancy L. Denton, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

control of pressure, time, andtemperature to properly heat thermoplastic sheeting until it becomes pliable, then stretch it intoits mold shape by drawing a vacuum, and subsequently cooling until the sheet returns to force,.Some commonly thermoformed thermoplastic materials include polystyrene (PS), high impactpolystyrene (HIPS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyethylene (PE), PVC, and acrylic(PMMA)10.Figure 3: Thermoforming machine with mold in place. Vacuum holes are clearly visible. Figure 4: Hot dip casting mandrel can be easily exchanged. Blister Pack Skin Pack Figure 5a and b: photo of accessory trays and some thermoformed

Conference Session

Assessment and Continuous Improvement in Electronics and Electrical ET Programs

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; John Irwin, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Electrical/ElectronicsEngineering Technology Program Criteria Outcomes1 shown in Table 1 as Outcomes 12 through16. An appropriate mastery of the knowledge, techniques, skills and modern tools of the disciplineOutcome 1 (ABET 2.a ) An ability to apply current knowledge and adapt emerging applications of mathematics, science,Outcome 2 engineering and technology (ABET 2.b ) An ability to conduct, analyze and interpret experiments and apply experimental results to improveOutcome 3 processes (ABET 2.c) An ability to apply creativity in the design of systems, components or processes appropriate to theOutcome 4 program objectives (ABET 2.d )Outcome 5

Conference Session

Simulations and Project Based Learning I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy L. Denton PE, CVA3, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

slenderness ratio and critical buckling load can be done by small student teams. Table 5: Bending Activity EquationsRectangular area moment of inertia (for a Where: b = the dimension parallel to therectangular cross-section), bending axis; h = the dimension perpendicular to the bending axisModulus of elasticity from the cantilever beam Where: y = maximum beam deflection; I =deflection formula for force at the free end, inertia; F = force at the free end; L = length of the beam from support to forceModulus of elasticity from the simply Where: y = maximum beam

Conference Session

ETD Green Energy/Sustainability

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jesse Gilmore, University of Houston, Downtown; Scott Patterson, University of Houston, Downtown; Lisa Deane Morano; Vassilios Tzouanas, University of Houston, Downtown

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

course is beingoffered. The semester prior to taking the three credit hour capstone project course, students coulddevelop the project design proposal and seek project approval by registering in a one credit hourcourse. This will allow enough time to order various parts required by the project to arrive intime so that students will hit the ground running at the semester when they are to execute theproject.If it were to replicate this work on a larger scale, for example to automate the irrigation systemand conserve water for a large farm by using renewable energy sources, a number of factorsshould be taken into consideration: a. What are the energy needs for the project? b. What is the most appropriate renewable energy source: solar, wind

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Potpourri

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Brian D. Tedeschi, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Julia K. Miller, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Anne M. Lucietto, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Nancy L. Denton P.E., Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

-winning outreach activities, teaching, and learning in the technical environment andsuccess in teaching in the online environment, and volunteering with kids of all ages. Drawingon that expertise, they were able to address the following questions through programdevelopment and execution. 1. What demographic would benefit most from a virtual STEM camp program? a. How do you interact with participants using similar materials and a range of ages? b. How do you engage with these students who may be experiencing video burnout? c. What timing works best to achieve the goal of fun but an educational program? 2. How does the program timing affect the impact of the material and engagement?MethodsOne hundred fifty participants from

Conference Session

STEM Issues in ET

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Matthew Turner, Purdue University, New Albany; Rustin Webster, Purdue University, New Albany

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

to its focus on accreditation, ABET defines educational programs by describing thecurriculum requirements for each major. For example, the description provided in Section II:Program Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Technology Programs [3] for programs containingelectrical and/or electronic(s) or other similar titles is: …prepare graduates to have competence in the following curricular areas: (a) the application of circuit analysis and design, computer programming, associated software, analog and digital electronics, and microcomputers, and engineering standards to the building, testing, operation, and maintenance of electrical/electronic(s) systems; (b) the application of natural sciences and mathematics at or

Conference Session

Innovative Curriculum In Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

S. Sridhara, Middle Tennessee State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Thomson and Marie Dillon Dahleh, Theory of Vibration with Application, Pp 18, 30 and 51, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall, 1998. Page 22.361.8Appendix A1: Hand calculations for a typical problem on static equilibrium of a particle. Page 22.361.9Page 22.361.10Appendix A2: Excel program for the problem in Appendix A1 Page 22.361.11Page 22.361.12Appendix B: Excel program for iterative design calculations of the Design Factor, N (Problem 5-19 of Reference 4).Given: A simply supported beam

Conference Session

Electrical Engineering Technology Design Projects & Curriculum

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Hackworth, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2008-238: DEVELOPMENT OF AN EET LECTURE COURSE IN IPOD©FORMATJohn Hackworth, Old Dominion University John Hackworth is an associate professor and director of the Electrical Engineering Technology program at Old Dominion University. He holds a B. S. Degree in Electrical Engineering Technology and a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering, both from Old Dominion University. Prior to joining the Old Dominion University faculty, John had approximately 20 years of industrial experience in test engineering and plant automation with General Electric Company. He is the co-author of two textbooks which are currently in use by several electrical engineering technology programs at

Conference Session

Innovative Curriculum in Electrical Engineering Technology

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rasoul Saneifard, Texas Southern University; Clifford Oluoch, Texas Southern University; Jose Guerrero

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the owner’scellular receiver module. In this endeavor, a lights flasher circuit is used as a pulse generator.All three timers have different timing lengths determined by their control sequence in the system.The Main Timer is adjustable and may be set to provide sufficient time for the system to executeall functions, and therefore, needs no microcontroller to perform any functions. Instead, theMain Timer in the proposed system uses a digital circuit (modified and reconstructed usingCircuitLogix11 software) that incorporates a 555 timer IC chip with a power-saving advantage,since it only works when triggered. Figure 9 exhibits the 555 timer circuit in which M, B, and Sindicate switch terminal designators for NO (normally open), NC (normally

Conference Session

Curriculum in Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology: Part I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xuefu Zhou, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

programs. Students will learn how to log into the UNIX systems, how to navigate their file directories, how to run a program, how to list files, and how to edit files etc. They also learn how to edit, compile and run a c/c++ program in the UNIX system. Students will have a basic understanding of OS components. B. Lab two is to teach students how to create a new process and lean how a program can replace its code with that of another executable file, and understand the lifetime of a process. By completing this lab, students should have a good understanding of concurrent programming using c/c++. C. Lab three is to do a multithreading programming project. In this lab, students will be instructed on how to create

Conference Session

Capstone and Senior Design in Engineering Technology: Part I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fernando Rios-Gutierrez, Georgia Southern University; Youakim Al Kalaani, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

thesenior capstone design course is very beneficial to the students, individual faculty members,college, and industry. We hope that our experiences with developing an industry-based capstonedesign course will be used by others. We look forward to hearing from others with regards to Page 15.508.6their experiences.Bibliography1. Todd, H. R et al, “A Survey of Capstone Engineering Courses in North America,” Journal of Engineering Education, April 1995, pp. 165-174.2. Porter, J.R., Zoghi, B., Morgan, J.A., “Integrating Project Management into the Capstone Senior Design Course,” 2002 American Society of Engineering Education Annual

Conference Session

Issues in Engineering Technology Education II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Otilia Popescu, Old Dominion University; Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Critical Thinking Skills to Electrical and Computer Engineering Undergraduates," American Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 6, pp. 113-123, 12/01/ 2015.2. R. M. Marra, B. Palmer, and T. A. Litzinger, "The Effects of a First-Year Engineering Design Course on Student Intellectual Development as Measured by the Perry Scheme," Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 89, pp. 39-45, 2000.3. R. Irish, "Engineering thinking: Using Benjamin bloom and William Perry to design assignments," Language and Learning Across the Disciplines, vol. 3, pp. 83-102, 1999.4. R. Paul and L. Elder, The miniature guide to critical thinking: Concepts & tools vol. 2: Foundation Critical Thinking, 2001.5. J. Wilkes, J. Godwin, and L. J. Gurney, "Developing

Conference Session

ETD Projects

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maddumage Karunaratne, University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

requirements along with the formal assignment document. Figure 1: Diagram of the Track1) The car is placed at A or B randomly based on a random value of 0 or 1 (selected by a computer random number generator) facing P or Q points so that its line sensor would not see the right angle.2) Upon a loud sound, the car moves along the black line until either B left angle or A right angle is seen depending on the starting end.3) It should ignore black crossing lines at P and Q completely.4) After the car clears both crossing lines, it should be checking for obstacles using the sonar sensor while still following the black line (which is now relatively straight) until it sees either A or B bend (90 degrees). If an