achieve higher grades,use cooperative learning strategies, and be intrinsically motivated, while boys are more likely toengage in competition and challenging activities, use problem-solving strategies, and beextrinsically motivated. Understanding the effect of gender on student learning and motivation inclassrooms is important to promote equity and improve performance in the Sciences.THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKLearning is a dynamic and individual process. It is critical for educators to understand how newskills are developed, new knowledge is acquired, and new behaviors, morals, attitudes, and valuesare instilled. Learning theories describe the structure of how people learn. Research has beenconducted to discover how people learn, and theorists have