Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Cindi Mason; Janet Twomey; Lawrence Whitman

7 = Math 243H: Calculus 2 Honors 8 = Math 344: Calculus 3 6 0 = No Math Freshman math grade 1=F 2=D 3=C 4=B 5=A 1 Age No conversion3.2 Data Preparation and PNN Model To

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Eniko T. Enikov; Jesus Acosta Iriqui

ofapproximately 15-25% (5-8 degrees) depending on the accuracy of the parameter estimation. Tothis end, we ask the students to correct the model by adding a small parameter b , which has theeffect of changing the type from 1 to zero. The corresponding plant is shown in Figure 8. Proceedings of the 2013 American Society for Engineering Education Pacific Southwest Conference  Copyright © 2013, American Society for Engineering Education   529 30 Figure 8. Third-order pendulum model with of type 0 (left) and experimental determination of paratmer b (right).Finally, the students have a reasonably accurate

Conference Session

Micro-Technology and Nanotechnology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hisham Hegab P.E., Louisiana Tech University; James D Palmer, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

terminology at that time) thatwere more specialized to the degree program and were mapped to the ABET General Criterion 3a-k outcomes. As part of a college-wide review, all engineering degree programs uniformlyadopted the ABET General Criterion 3 a-k Student Outcomes this past year. Table 3 provides the Page 23.220.5current Student Outcomes for the NSE program.Table 3. Student Outcomes for the NSE Program (ABET General Criterion 3 a-k3). NSE Student Outcome a) an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering b) an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret

Conference Session

...by Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Mangold, University of California, Berkeley; Stefanie Robinson, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

reasons for engineering design as the focus for technology education. TheTechnology Teacher, 65(7), 25-29.4. Van Meeteren, B. & Zan, B. (2010). Revealing the work of young engineers in early childhood education. STEMin Early Education and Development Conference.5. Katehi, L., Pearson, G., and Feder, M. (2009). The status and nature of K-12 engineering education in theUnited States. The Bridge, 39, 3.6. Kelley, T.R. & Wicklein, R.C. (2009). Examination of assessment practices for engineering design projects insecondary education (Third in a 3-part series). Journal of Industrial Teacher Education, 46(1), 6-31.7. Hailey, C. E., Erickson, T., Becker, K., & Thomas, T. (2005). National center for engineering and technologyeducation. The

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Tyler Crosson; Monica Hew; Bernd Chudoba; Amit Oza

Conference, The University of Texas at Arlington, March 21 – 23, 2013. Copyright 2013, American Society for Engineering Educationvarious aircraft settings. The student team performs conceptual design tasks by analyzingselected mission operating point for each engineering discipline; the overall conceptualdesign methodology integrates the individual team efforts. Once the synthesis design tooland disciplinary analysis tools have been established and calibrated, the disciplinaryteams agree on quantifying one mission profile point in the WWII B-17 bomber escortmission that highlights the long range cruise condition over a distance of about 1,100 nm.Ultimately the group has been able to reproduce the

Conference Session

Enhancing Engineering Management

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ana Valeria Quevedo, Universidad de Piura; Dante Arturo Guerrero, Universidad de Piura; Martin Palma, Universidad de Piura; Susana Vegas, Universidad de Piura

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

Descriptive statistics by student Student distribution by cumulative performance grade-point average 28.89% 35.56% 40.00% 22.22% B+ A- A A+ 11.11% 20.00% 2.22% 2% 0.00% 14% 33% 51% Performance of students (1: max., 0: min.)Figure 2. Descriptive statistics of students’ characteristicsFurthermore, data from the

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Wang, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

-1144.4. Author. (accepted).5. MAKE. (2012). About MAKE. Retrieved from http://makezine.com/about/index.html.6. New York Hall of Science. (2010). Proceedings from the “Innovation, Education, and the Maker Movement” Workshop. Retrieved from http://www.nysci.org/media/file/MakerFaireReportFinal122310.pdf.7. Kuznetsov, K. & Paulos, E. (2010). Rise of the Expert Amateur: DIY Projects, Communities, and Cultures. Proceedings: NordiCHI 2010, 295-304.8. Resnick, M. & Silverman, B. (2005). Some reflections on designing construction kits for kids. Proceedings from IDC ‘05: The 2005 Conference on Interaction Design and Children. New York, NY: ACM.9. Dym, C. L., Agogino, A. M., Frey D. D., and Leifer, L. J. (2005). Engineering design

Conference Session

Communication and Engineering Careers: Motivating Our Students

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tristan T. Utschig, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jeffrey S. Bryan; Judith Shaul Norback, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

ofagreement indicates that raters score skills within ±1 point on a five point scale at least 90% ofthe time. The literature further indicates that acceptable agreement occurs when different ratersagree to within ±1 point on a five point scale at least 70% of the time. For exact matches, highlevels of reliability occur when different raters match exactly at least 50% of the time, and exactagreement at least 30% of the time indicates acceptable reliability. Our analysis of ratings foreach of our 19 skills showed, in general, that the reliability of the overall rubric is acceptable.However, there was some variation in the reliability of each skill. In particular, we saw: a. High reliability for seven of the skills, b. Good

Conference Session

Capstone Manufacturing and Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Engineering Technology); Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng.)

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

to be controlled by a computer running standard CAD /CAM software using a parallel port for control and interface. The machine is powered by astandard 115V / 15A outlet. Three concept scoring matrices were developed to assist withdecisions regarding the gantry design, the PCB design, and the control system design (Figure 2only shows concept scoring matrix for the gantry design) Page 23.802.4 Concept B C A Moving Gantry

Conference Session

Track 1 - Session II - Student Development

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Eck Doerry, Northern Arizona University; Harvey Charles, Northern Arizona University

Tagged Topics

Student Development

-keycurricular plans for every supporteddegree program, routine supportfrom the college’s professionaladvising staff, and comprehensive  Figure  1:    GSEP  spans  all  STEM  degree  programs  planning and logistical support for on  campus,  and  offers  five  language  options.  the year abroad. The overall aim isto maximize program accessibilityand volume by making the international tracks no more difficult to negotiate than conventionaldegree programs.GSEP scholars may choose from five supported languages: German, French, Spanish, Chinese,and Japanese. The choice of these particular GSEP languages was driven by a strategic aim to(a) maximize coverage of languages and regions with strong global STEM leadership; and (b)leverage

Conference Session

Two-Year College Division Transfer Topics Part I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin Shealy, Clemson University; Catherine E. Brawner, Research Triangle Educational Consultants; Catherine Mobley, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Clemson University; Richard A. Layton, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

one of the three states, students who complete an associate’s degree at acommunity or other state college or university are given preferential admission at public, four-year institutions. Furthermore, some states have created “transfer blocks,” or sets of courses thatare often taken at a community college, which will transfer to a particular program if the studenthas earned passing grades in all the required courses. Five states with MIDFIELD institutionshave established transfer blocks for engineering; two of them include the engineering transferblocks as part of the associate’s degree, and students with satisfactory GPAs are guaranteedadmission to the MIDFIELD engineering schools in those states.Table 3 in Appendix B shows the range of

Conference Session

FPD 2: Retention

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Herbert P. Schroeder, University of Alaska Anchorage; Linda P. Lazzell, University of Alaska Anchorage

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

of howscience and mathematics are applied in STEM careers.Each summer ANSEP hosts multiple sessions with 54 middle school students per session whoare currently in sixth, seventh, and eighth grade and have at least a "B" average in science andmathematics courses. The number of selected students is equally divided by grade and by genderwithin each grade. All of the students live on the UAA Anchorage campus in the residence halls,learn to navigate the campus, and dine like college students.Acceleration AcademyThe objective for Acceleration Academy, the second component of the ANSEP longitudinalmodel, is for each student to arrive for their freshman year at the university fully preparedsocially and academically at an accelerated level for BS

Conference Session

Software and Web-based Learning in ECE

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Radian G Belu, Drexel University (Tech.); Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.)

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

traditional laboratory consists in sharing and grouping the students,discussing the theoretical problems together, working directly on a set of equipment andapparatus following a set of written guidelines, evaluating the results and elaborating personalconclusions4-12, 17-31. The major shortcomings of the traditional laboratories: (a) the sets ofequipment can be significantly high and the institution can't modernize them in a timely manner;(b) the students access to laboratories is restricted only to the laboratory periods; (c) since thestudents can see only the inputs and outputs of the system, those laboratories cannot fully backupthe understanding / intuitiveness of the physical phenomena illustrating the functionality of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shiwen Mao, Auburn University; Yingsong Huang, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University; Yihan Li, Auburn University; Prathima Agrawal, Auburn University; Jitendra K Tugnait, Auburn University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Auburn University in Auburn, AL, in September 1989 as a professor. He currently holds the title of James B. Davis Professor. His current research interests are in statistical signal processing, wireless and wireline digital communications, cognitive radio, multiple sensor multiple target tracking and stochastic systems analysis. Dr. Tugnait is a past associate editor of the IEEE Transactions on Au- tomatic Control, the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, and the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. He is currently an associate editor and an area editor of the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, and a Senior Editor of IEEE

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rocio Alba-Flores, Georgia Southern University; Fernando Rios-Gutierrez, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

the projectsRobotic platformThe robotic platform used for the projects is shown in fig 1. It consisted of a round platform of 30cm ofdiameter with eight sonar sensors placed every 45o degrees around the platform. A Field ProgrammableGate Array (FPGA) card [2] is installed in the robot platform, as well as, radio frequency identification(RFID) tag reader [8] that is used to identify the goal the robot should find, and a Basic Stampmicrocontroller is used for I/O processing. Figure 1. a) Mobile Robot Platform and b) Sonar Sensor Layout and WeightsThe Challenge.Design and implement a controller to be able to drive the robot autonomously in an unknown indoorenvironment (maze) avoiding static obstacles, and reaching a goal (an RFID

Conference Session

FPD 6: Transitions and Student Success, Part II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Valerie C. Lundy-Wagner, New York University; Noah Salzman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Education 79, 67–79 (2006).31. Orr, M. K., Ramirez, N. M. & Ohland, M. W. Socioeconomic trends in engineering: Enrollment, persistence, and academic achievement. in Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference (2011).32. Terenzini, P. T., Cabrera, A. F. & Bernal, E. M. Swimming against the tide: The poor in American higher education. (2001).33. Walpole, M. B. Emerging from the pipeline: African American students, socioeconomic status, and college experiences and outcomes. Research in Higher Education 49, 237–255 (2008).34. Corbett, C., Hill, C. & St. Rose, A. Where the Girls Are: The Facts about Gender Equity in Education. (American Association of University Women, 2008). at 35

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Antonella Sciortino; Lisa Star; Tesfai Goitom

, D.W., L.E. Carlson, and J.F. Sullivan, 2007. "Improving Engineering Student Retention Through Hands-on, Team-Based, First-Year Design Projects". Proceedings of the ASEE 31st International Conference on Research in Engineering Education, Honolulu, HI.2. Knox, D.E., and B. C. Baltzis, 2002. "Introduction to Chemical Engineering - A New Course for Freshman Students". Proceedings of the 2002 American Society of Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition.3. Ferrara, I., and A. Vavreck, 2007. "Analysis of the Retention of Students and Possible Recruitment Into Technology in a Common Fist-Year Course for Engineering and Engineering technology students". Proceedings of the 2007 American Society of

Conference Session

Research on Learning, Performance, and Impact

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ananda Mani Paudel, Colorado State University-Pueblo; Sylvester A. Kalevela, Colorado State University, Pueblo

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Conference, San Antonio, TX, USA, 2012.[12] L. I. Nieves, P. B. Pacheco, R. J. Marn, and S.-R. I., "The Development of A Spanish Version of The Concept Assessment Tools for Statics," in ASEE Annual Conference, San Antonio, TX, USA, 2012.[13] J. Biggs, "Teaching for Quality Learning at University," The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, 2003.[14] I. B. Myers and M. H. McCaulley, Manual: A Guide to the Development and Use of the Myers-Briggs Indicator. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press,Inc, 1985.[15] G. Lawrence, "People Types and Tiger Stripes," Center for Applications of Psychological Type, Gainesville, FL1994.[16] K. J. Cross and M. C. Paretti, "Identification with

Conference Session

It's Elementary

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Ann Marasco, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary; Laleh Behjat P.Eng., University of Calgary

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

). Recent research on gender and educational performance. London: OFSTED.3. Bussière, P., Cartwright, F., & Knighton, T. (2004). The performance of Canada’s youth in Mathematics, Reading, Science and problem solving: 2003 first findings for Canadians aged 15. Ottawa: Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, Council of Ministers of Education, Canada and Statistics Canada.4. Capobianco, B. M., Diefes-Dux, H. A., Mena, I., & Weller, J. (2011). What is an engineer? Implications of elementary school student conceptions for engineering education. JEE, 100(2), 304-328.5. Cunningham, C. M., Lachapelle, C. P., & Lindgren-Streicher, A. (2005). Assessing elementary school students’ conceptions of engineering and

Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences in Mechanical, Materials and Thermal Systems

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Allison L. Sieving, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University; Marcia Pool, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Trisha Eustaquio, Purdue University; Rajtarun Madangopal, Purdue University; Alyssa Panitch PhD; Kate Stuart, Purdue University; Ann E Rundell, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Scott Alan Jewett

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

410200008000042143 from the NationalInstitute of Health and Grant Number 52006937 from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.References:[1] R. F. Gunstone, "Reconstructing theory from practical experience," in Practical Science, B. Woolnough, Ed., ed: Open University, 1991, pp. 67-77.[2] P. A. Kirschner, "The laboratory in higher science education, problems, premises, and objectives," Higher Education, vol. 17, pp. 81-90, 1988.[3] T. Litzinger, L. R. Lattuca, R. Hadgraft, and W. Newstetter, "Engineering Education and the Development of Expertise,"Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 100, Issue 1, pp. 123-150, 2011.[4] W. C. Newstetter, E. Behravesh, N. J. Nersessian, and B. B. Fasse, "Design principles for problem-driven

Conference Session

Embedded Systems and Mobile Computing

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Francis N Mensah, College of Engineering and Technology, Brigham Young University; Richard G. Helps, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

informative thus leading to reliable, safeand secure design of CPS in the near future.REFERENCES1. B. M. Mckay and P. A. Engineer, “Best practices in automation security.” Cement Industry Technical Conference, 2012 IEEE-IAS/PCA 53rd, pp. 1 - 15, 2012.2. N. Adam, "Workshop on Future Directions in Cyber-Physical Systems Security ", in Report on Workshop on Future Directions in Cyber-Physical Systems Security, January, 2010.3. B. Miller and D. Rowe, “A survey SCADA of and critical infrastructure incidents,” in Proceedings of the 1st Annual conference on Research in information technology - RIIT ’12, p. 51, 2012.4. ENISA, “Protecting Industrial Control Systems,” 2011.5. B. Schneier, “All Security Involves Trade-offs

Conference Session

Robotics, Mechatronics, and Control Systems - Multidisciplinary Perspectives

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Devdas Shetty, University of District of Columbia, DC; Arunkumar Chandrashekarappa Giriyapur, B.V.Bhoomaraddi College of Engineering & Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

MechatronicSystems.20. B. Vogel-Heuser, Integrated modeling of complex mechatronic systems to increase dependability.21. Pahl G, Beitz W., Engineering design, a systematic approach, Springer; 1995.22. Reeves, B. and Shipman, F., Supporting communication between designers with artifacts-centered evolvinginformation spaces, In Proceedings of the 1992 ACM Conference on Computer-supported Cooperative Work,pp. 394–401. Page 23.78.12

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Vandenbussche, Southern Polytechnic State University; William George Griffiths IV, Southern Polytechnic State University; Christina R Scherrer, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Computer Education, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 53-63 (Winter 2010). 6. M. Butler, and R. Zerr, ―The Use of Online Homework Systems to Enhance Out-of-Class Student Engagement,‖ The International Journal for Technology in Mathematics Education, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 51- 58 (2005). 7. B. Gutarts and F. Bains, ―Does Mandatory Homework Have a Positive Effect on Student Achievement for College Students Studying Calculus?‖ Mathematics and Computer Education, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 232- 244 (Fall 2010). 8. S. Hauk and A. Segalla, ―Student Perceptions of the Web-Based Homework Program WeBWorK in Moderate Enrollment College Algebra Classes,‖ The Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, Vol

Conference Session

Implementing Active Learning in Mechanical Engineering Technology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Durwin Engle, Purdue University Calumet; Gregory P. Neff, Purdue University, Calumet (Tech)

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

laboratories. Senior project students Jim Bova andSaleh Alkerri over three semesters designed and built a  PLC/Pneumatics trainer that will be replicated eight moretimes by student workers. The components for the trainers  have been donated by corporate members of the Packaging  Machinery Manufacturers Institute (PMMI): B & RAutomation, Bimba Mfg., and Balluff Sensors. Students will  control pneumatic cylinders with sensors using IEC 61131-3ladder-logic diagram and structured text programming P  Figure 1‐ PLC/Pneumatics Trainer Project                                                             i

Conference Session

Development of Computational Tools

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory K Watkins P.E., California State University, Chico

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

• Significant Figures • Accuracy of solution • General guidelines for reporting resultsA final change to the course is the addition of a final project, an open ended FEA modelingassignment. Students select an object and/or application of their choosing, then build themodels, run appropriate analyses, and document the results. Key competencies expected fromthe projects include simplifying models for analysis, applying realistic loads and boundaryconditions, choosing relevant results in post processing, and reporting appropriate conclusionsfrom the analysis. The specific rubric used to grade the final reports is included in Appendix A.Specific details of topics covered throughout the course are presented in Appendix B

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Cheng Chen; John DeAndreis; Peter Moala; Agustin Robles; Jose Valdovinos; Qiming Zeng; Amelito G. Enriquez; Wenshen Pong; Hamid Shanasser; Hao Jiang; Hamid Mahmoodi

Southwest Conference Copyright © 2013, American Society for Engineering Education 40The student interns are guided to develop a preliminary design and then a final design to improvethe efficiency of the building. Figure Figure 3. Building design in E-W direction: a) first design; b) final design Table 3. Details of E-W Beams for final design Calculated Zx Zx table E-W beams Members Wu (kip) Mu ( ) Check

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Richard Zajac

theinstantaneous reading from its light sensor is greater or lesser than some predefined centralvalue. In this way, the robot strives to maintain a proper balance between light and dark (andthereby remaining poised over the line’s edge) while attempting to make good progress along itspath.Proceedings of the 2013 Midwest Section Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education 3 Figure 2. Two-State Line Follower Algorithm as implemented in the NXT Graphical Programming Interface. Here, Motor C is the left motor, and Motor B is the right motor.In much the same way, STEM mentors must continually hover at the boundary between twostates

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University; Olga Pierrakos, James Madison University; Jacquelyn Kay Nagel, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #7298A Versatile Guide and Rubric to Scaffold and Assess Engineering DesignProjectsDr. Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University Dr. Robert Nagel is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University. Dr. Nagel joined the James Madison University after completing his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering at Oregon State University. He has a B.S. from Tri-State University (now Trine University) and a M.S. from the University of Missouri-Rolla (now Missouri University of Science and Technology), both in mechani- cal engineering. Dr. Nagel has performed research with the United States

Conference Session

Study Abroad, International Experience, Exchange Programs and Student Retention

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ute Heinze, RWTH Aachen University; Ursula Bach; Rene Vossen; Sabina Jeschke, RWTH Aachen University

Tagged Divisions

International

are currently abroad)  group B: students currently planning an exchange  group C: students without any international experiences (those who had planned an exchange, but cancelled it and those who do not plan any exchange) Page 23.806.9With 34.4% more than one third of the sample can be attributed to group A. 33.2% of studentsbelong to group B and thus actually plan to go abroad during their studies. All together 32.4%of the survey participants belong to group C and have not gathered any internationalexperiences whereas 6.2% had originally planned to undertake an exchange and 26.2% didnot plan to go abroad at all. Thus, the

Conference Session

INT. Engineering Education: Developments, Innovations, Partnerships, and Implementations

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. Dyrenfurth, Purdue University, West Lafayette; James L. Barnes, James Madison University; Susan Kubic Barnes, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

International

isclearly only a selective sample. There are many more economic development andentrepreneurship focused centers in the USA. Furthermore, the search of international centerswas deliberately restricted to make this initial study manageable. Further evidence of thecomplexity of the innovation scene is provided by Appendix B to this paper. This presents over100 acronyms for innovation centers in the USA and across the world. Content analysis of the identified centers has revealed that universities are not alone inaddressing the innovation imperative. The researchers noted that, although a large number ofuniversity based centers were identified, corporate-based centers and various state, regional andlocality – based centers were also found