Conference Session

Standards Based Approaches to K -12 Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Levelle Burr-Alexander, New Jersey Institute of Technology; John Carpinelli, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Ronald Rockland, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Howard Kimmel, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

implement this approach have been driven largely by the standards developed by theInternational Technology Education Association (ITEA) [28, 29]. An engineering/technologyeducation curriculum is usually a set or sequence of courses at the secondary school (middleschool and high school) level, usually offered as an option for students planning to pursueengineering or engineering technology as a career goal. In addition, such programs are usuallycombined with college preparatory mathematics, science, and liberal arts courses in a highschool program that are aligned with a state’s academic content standards in perceived subjectareas. Engineering/technology curricula are available at the national level (e.g., Project Lead theWay, PLTW [4], or the

Conference Session

Assessing Perceptions of Engineers and Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leroy Cox, University of Missouri-Rolla; Cassandra Elrod, University of Missouri-Rolla

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

11.990.2increase 10% to 20% in traditional (civil, mechanical, electrical, and aerospace); 21% to 35% inthe disciplines of biomedical and environmental engineering; and 36% or more in disciplinessuch as computer software engineering2,3. Despite this positive outlook, however, the number ofengineering degrees awarded during the same time period is expected to remain stable. Evenmore disturbing is the realization that the number of students who plan to major in engineeringupon college entrance has decreased.According to the ACT policy report Maintaining a Strong Engineering Workforce, among themore than 1.1 million seniors in the class of 2002 who took the ACT Assessment collegeentrance and placement exam, fewer than 6% planned to study engineering in

Conference Session

New ET Curriculum and Teaching Methods

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wajiha Shireen, University of Houston; Luces Faulkenberry, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

schools, normally overseas, offerelectrical programs that have a very high emphasis on electrical power. Page 11.606.4The next step was to refine and improve the curriculum plans with additional input from theELET Department Industrial Advisory Board. The Board members were in agreement andoffered some constructive suggestions. Local industries were visited and additional input sought.After that, two faculty members were scheduled to be at gatherings of a large number ofelectrical power industry professionals. They sought input from the gatherings and receivedapproval and useful input. The next step was to send the planned program curriculum to

Conference Session

Capstone Design and Entrepreneurship

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Miller, North Carolina State University; Stephen Walsh, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

business planning, corporate formation, and obtained seed-round funding of $3M with a follow-on round of $9M. Prior to this, Dr. Walsh’s technical career was with IBM where he did IC design, performed software testing, and did presales field application engineering. While at IBM, he was awarded IBM’s Resident-Study scholarship and completed his MS and PhD degrees in EE at Duke University.Thomas Miller, North Carolina State University Thomas K. Miller, III received the BA degree in Mathematics and Chemistry from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1976. He received the MS degree in Biomedical Engineering and Mathematics in 1980, and the PhD in 1982, both from UNC-Chapel Hill

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experiences

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Norton, University of Michigan; Reginald Rogers, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

within the CoE, planning, organizing, and staffing variousactivities and events throughout the year. These activities and events generally centered onengineering and higher education but covered a very broad spectrum, ranging from hostingpanels such as “Getting into Graduate School” and “Applying for an Academic Position,”organizing a multicultural fair: “The Martin Luther King Celebration,” managing a summer longresearch seminar series. This approach was driven by the lack of alternative sponsors within theCoE and the interest of the student members. Over the years this led to recognized success in theform of winning - two years in a row - the University of Michigan Elaine Harden Award,awarded to the Michigan Engineering student society that

Conference Session

Ensuring Access to K - 12 Engineering Programs

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amit Nimunkar, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Sandra Courter, University of Wisconsin-Madison; GWEN EBERT, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

faculty presentations in a course calledIntroduction to Engineering. Approximately two to three industry tours are planned during thecourse of the summer, so that students can see engineering in action. Companies that haveoffered tours in the past are Kimberly Clark, General Motors in Janesville, Harley Davidson andGE Medical Systems. Refer to Appendix A for the program description sent to the students. Page 11.782.2The students enjoy the activities in this course and plans are to enhance and incorporateadditional hands-on laboratories for the students in coming years. In 2002, a laboratory course inphysics was added to the curriculum. Over the

Conference Session

Novel BME Courses and Course Adaptations

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Denis Enderle, University of Connecticut

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

biomedical engineering (BME) curriculum is a daunting challenge.BME is unlike most engineering programs with the need for more life science courses as a corecomponent of the curriculum. Described here is the rationale for using a differential equationbased physiological modeling course as a substitute for a math taught differential equationscourse, and the subsequent flexibility it allows in the curriculum.In addition, many BME programs prepare their students for more options than the usualengineering program. Approximately one-third of BME students in our program plan to attendmedical or dental school and expect that the medical and dental school requirements be a part ofthe basic program. We have accomplished this challenge with basic medical

Conference Session

Pre-College: Working with Teachers to Improve K-12 Engineering Education

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katey Shirey, University of Maryland, College Park

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

with engineering integration reform to help them out.Introduction“Leslie” heaved her lunch onto the table and dumped her body in a chair. (Pseudonyms are usedthroughout and Leslie chose her own pseudonym.) Usually excited during the school day, todayshe was wiped from teaching her first engineering design lesson, a self-planned engineeringdesign challenge to build a catapult and teach free fall. All the mental work she’d been doing haddrained her completely, and now she had 30 minutes to eat, regroup, talk about the lesson, andget ready to do it again after lunch.Leslie started the year with no formal engineering experience but she was hungry for change andinterested in integrating engineering design into her physics teaching. By the end of

Conference Session

Construction 3: Beyond the Academy: Leveraging Partnerships, Internships, and Outreach

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James W. Jones, Ball State University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

: Building Professional Relationships between Construction Programs and their InstitutionsAbstractConstruction engineering and construction management programs often seek industry partners assources of curricular advice, case studies, field trips, guest instruction, internships, andpermanent placement for graduates. These partnerships can be leveraged to enhance and improveprograms’ resources and better prepare graduates for the professions upon which they are aboutto embark. While the focus is typically on partnering with external entities, programs oftenoverlook their own institutions as valuable potential partners. Colleges and universities havesophisticated facilities, planning, and management departments that can provide a

Conference Session

Pre-College: Evaluation

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Reagan Curtis, West Virginia University; Johnna Bolyard, West Virginia University; Darran Cairns, West Virginia University; David Luke Loomis, West Virginia University; Sera Mathew; Kelly Leigh Watts, Regional Educaion Service Agency 3

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

Presentations that have been refereed. She presents at both the state and national level and has been awarded over $7 million in a variety of grant awards. In her spare time she visits with her 2 children and 2 grandsons. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Middle School Math and Science Teachers Engaged in STEM and Literacy through Engineering Design (Evaluation)We describe a professional development program that supports integration of STEM andLiteracy through Engineering Design for 24 in-service middle school math and science teachersin rural Appalachia. Through this program, teachers experience Engineering Design as learners,develop lesson plans utilizing engineering design

Conference Session

ETD Internet of Things (IOT)

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shuning Li, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Elizabeth Freije, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; Paul Yearling P.E., Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

performedusing the Composer.Task 4: System TestingA detailed Test Plan will be prepared before system testing to make sure that the whole system(including the 3D printer and the IoT application) satisfies all requirements.The project was planned for 9 months. Figure 2 shows the timeline for the project. Currently theproject is in Month 6. The major parts of the IoT application has already developed (as shown inthe Results section) and tested. Currently, the team is working on refining the application andpreparing testing plans. Figure 2 Project TimelineStudent Assignments and TrainingThere are four students from four different majors working on the project, and they wereassigned into two groups (Group 1 and 2) with two

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Inez Hua, Purdue University; Loring Nies, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

. The impact of these education programs can be measured in terms of studentparticipation in EE major programs, student diversity, and learning outcomes related toenvironmental sustainability.Environmental and Engineering at Purdue University The BS degree in Environmental and Ecological Engineering (EEE) received final approvalfrom the Indiana Commisson of Higher Education on September 14, 2012 and ABETaccreditation in 2013, retroactive to October 2012. This marked the end of an almost decade-longprocess of program planning and launch. The foundation of the EEE program was built through an NSF Curricular Planning grantawarded in 2002: “The Future Role of Ecological Engineering Science in UndergraduateEngineering Education.” The Purdue

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Alavizadeh, Purdue University Northwest; Maged Mikhail, Purdue University Northwest

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

- Replace one cylinder with the one of different rating and repeat Steps a to c.In the second part, students will build the circuit on the pneumatic trainer to verify Step c. Also,they should answer the following questions: 1- Do you observe any difference between the hand calculation, the simulation, and the actual circuit built? Where do you observe the differences, if any, and why? 2- Explain what you observed in Part D. Propose a solution to modify the circuit so both cylinders extend/retract synchronously. 3- How would you modify the circuit for overrunning loads (e.g., loads that are more than the allowed maximum loads)Plans for assessmentUpon completion of both phases, the authors will develop a

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development using Robotics Activities

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hye Sun You, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Sonia Mary Chacko, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Vikram Kapila, NYU Tandon School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

student learning and performance combineactive engagement in authentic practices of science and engineering with applications ofcrosscutting concepts to elucidate core disciplinary ideas. The aforementioned national standarddocuments proposed the following eight integral science and engineering practices (SEPs), whichrepresents a significant departure in reformulating the various levels of U.S. educational system:(1) ask questions and define problems; (2) develop and use models; (3) plan and carry outinvestigations; (4) analyze and interpret data; (5) use mathematics and computational thinking; (6)construct explanations and design solutions; (7) engage in argument from evidence; and (8) obtain,evaluate, and communicate information. To ensure that

Conference Session

Manufacturing Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jahangir Ansari, Virginia State University; Zhenhua Wu, Virginia State University; Lipika Ghosh, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

research project. During their sophomore year, theparticipating students learn the theoretical and practical knowledge required for their projects.They then outline the planning, objectives setting, data collecting, and analysis of their proposedproject. The end result is an oral and written presentation of their conducted research.Although Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is now an established and commercially available methodfor joining metals, there is a need for further improvement and investigation of new venues forresearch and development. Virginia State University owned a functioning FSW machine, alongwith material processing and testing facilities, to conduct studies on new manufacturingprocesses using this technology.One of the undergraduate

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Carroll, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.; Scott A. Sell, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.; Michelle B. Sabick, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

presentation by two representatives from SLU’s EntrepreneurshipProgram. The objectives of the session were to understand the concept of the academicentrepreneur and identify how research active faculty (especially those who pursue grants)already have many of the skills needed as an entrepreneur. The presenters first focused on thenotion that many of the activities faculty already do on a daily basis correspond to equivalentactivities of entrepreneurs (e.g. grants proposals à business plans). They defined innovation asthe creation of new or improved ideas, products, services or processes and that entrepreneurspursue opportunity by addressing a need. Second, the presenters provided some tips for how toteach entrepreneurship including some pros and

Conference Session

ConstDiv Technical Session 1 - Capstone & Case Study

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William P. Manion, University of Maine; Philip A. Dunn Jr. P.E., University of Maine

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

same teamsfinalize their proposals, draft overall construction schedules, and develop and conduct safetytraining.In the second part, students manage and actually build the projects, with help and guidance fromthe faculty. Based on students’ plans, faculty and community partners arrange for materials andequipment. Short term work schedules are also developed by faculty and students using a varietyof methods, from email to Doodle polls. During construction, each 3-4 person student team actsas a foreman for their piece of the work, as proposed. Other students may help as needed tobuild. Students are responsible for submitting timecards for the crews, including time, activities,quantities and productivity. The “project engineer of the day

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Panagiotis Skrimponis, New York University; Nikos Makris, University of Thessaly; Karen Cheng, Columbia University; Jonatan Ostrometzky, Columbia University; Zoran Kostic, Columbia University; Gil Zussman, Columbia University; Thanasis Korakis, New York University; Sheila Borges Rajguru, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

, and the advanced technologies that it includes (i.e., multiple-input-multiple-out (MIMO), full-duplex, millimeter-wave (mmWave), communication systems, andedge cloud computing). By the end of this phase, the teachers will understand how to performexperiments using an advanced research testbed with the toolkit.2.2. Design phase: During the two-week second phase of the program, the teachers conductindependent research on the potential of the wireless labs using the ‘COSMOS EducationalToolkit’, presenting their ideas to other teachers and the research team to receive feedback andsuggestions. The teachers also receive PD sessions about the importance of the NGSS in educationand how to develop three-dimensional lesson plans. During the independent

Conference Session

Engagement in Practice: Creating a Robust Infrastructure for Community Engagement

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joan A. Kowalski, Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington; Ruth Ann Herstek, Penn State University, New Kensington

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

with theengineering students focused more on the construction materials and safety issues as opposed tothe plant selections, ivy, and herbs. Thus, all students are given exposure to ecologicalengineering, in relation to the development of urban brownfields.Following spring break when daylight saving time resumes and the weather improves, the class,which is held every Tuesday evening, will begin to construct the living walls that will consist ofa variety of plants best suited for the climate. The Penn State sign will be painted, and the palletswill be recycled into mini-growing units with herbs.During the second half of the spring semester, the students will also be hosting guest speakersand attending multiple, pre-planned field trips. Thus

Conference Session

Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Engineering Engagement with Community

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noa Bruhis; Micah Lande, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

, Organized, and Thematic (EROT). The two alsodescribe Azjen’s [7], [8] Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which asserts that behavior, andthus behavioral change relies on attitudes, norms, and social pressures, where feelings toward aparticular behavior are driven by a set of beliefs regarding the consequences of performing suchbehavior. This is germane in the context of conservation because participants will not changetheir environmental conservation behaviors if they do not believe their actions will haveconsequences. The actual consequences of an action are less important than an actor’s personalinterpretation of those consequences when it comes to acting [2].It follows, then, that with proper “River Magic” [5], a river guide could employ

Conference Session

Underrepresented Populations

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Srinjita Bhaduri, University of Colorado, Boulder; Katie Van Horne; John Daniel Ristvey Jr., UCAR Center for Science Education; Randy Russell, UCAR Center for Science Education; Tamara Sumner

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

problems, planning and carrying out investigations, analyzing andinterpreting data, constructing explanations and designing solutions, and engaging in argumentfrom evidence. This led us to design the entire curriculum around a central driving question:How can we monitor a disaster area (a town) to alert the community of possible danger? Westructured the curriculum so that each week youth were engaged with engineering designactivities to help them to progress towards “figuring out” this driving question.A second premise of phenomena-based instruction is that youth will find this style of learningmore engaging, as the questions youth have at the end of one activity naturally motivates thenext. This requires that the designers of curriculum

Collection

2018 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Dennis Derickson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

. The choice of soldering position on the PC board ground plan also offers teachable moments on the importance of keeping lead lengths short. The coax cable connection to the ground plan also teaches that one has to consider both the signal current path and ground current path when working at high frequencies. Figure 3 and figure 4 show close ups of the solder interconnections near the frequency mixers. The three 16 ohm resistors that form the power splitter are also shown. The handling of surface mount resistors with soldering irons is also a key part of the learning objectives of this laboratory.Figure 2: This is a photograph of a completed I-Q modulator assembly. 0.085 inch semirigid coaxialcable assemblies are soldered on to a printed

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joyce B. Main, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Nichole Ramirez, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Corey T Schimpf, The Concord Consoritum

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #21337Student Career Decision Making Approaches and Development of Profes-sional Engineering TrajectoriesDr. Joyce B. Main, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering) Joyce B. Main is Assistant Professor of Engineering Education at Purdue University. She holds a Ph.D. in Learning, Teaching, and Social Policy from Cornell University, and an Ed.M. in Administration, Planning, and Social Policy from the Harvard Graduate School of Education.Nichole Ramirez, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering) Nichole Ramirez is a postdoctoral researcher in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adam Stark Masters, Virginia Tech; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Tech; Donna M. Riley, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

underrepresented groups.Open Space Technology WorkshopUsing the open space technology (OST) model, the unconference will self-organize its questionsand activities around these goals. OST is a self-organizing practice of collective activity that is inkeeping with maker culture.In order to work well, an unconference or OST workshop requires: ● A powerful theme, ● Interested and committed group, ● Space to meet with full group and for break-outs, ● Time to achieve desired results (Owen, n.d.).The creativity and leadership of participants emerge as they initiate sessions on topics that matterto them, engage in inquiry, reflection, and learning, and develop plans, recommendations, and arecord of the proceedings as the process unfolds. These

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Ahmad, Northwestern State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

knowledge in problemsolving, management of resources, and process planning. Quality Control is a key skill requiredby Engineering Technologists, who work in project-driven manufacturing companies. AnIndustry Advisory Council for a university in Louisiana expressed the need for quality controltrained graduates, and worked with Engineering Technology faculty to develop a post-baccalaureate certificate program focused on quality control.This paper discusses the development of a post-baccalaureate industry certificate program inquality control. It starts by identifying the need for quality control knowledge and skills. Afterthat it discusses the key components for quality control body of knowledge. These componentsled to identifying relevant course

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rohit Dua, Missouri University of Science & Technology

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

decimal equivalent, thus getting instant feedback, which instillsconfidence in the technique usage and understanding of the negative number binaryrepresentation. Students are encouraged to explore the decimal number range, for an 8-bit binarynumber, for both unsigned and signed number domains.Outreach and Feedback: Since the planned laboratory is still in its infancy, the designed emulators have been fieldtested in informal settings. Below are some survey results for the two emulators, which weredemonstrated at two different events:  Logic Gates Emulator: The device was demonstrated at a Discover Engineering Day event. Users ranging from kids-to-adults used the device to understand the basic functioning of logic gates

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hua Li, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Kai Jin, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Mohamed Abdelrahman, Arkansas Tech University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

planned to obtain Stayed Same 55.6% 54.5% 55.0% Increased 44.4% 36.4% 40.0%Based on the results shown in Table 3 and 4, it seems like there is no difference between the firstand second year. However, when comparing the pre and post survey results for 19 differentquestions, there are some differences between the two years. Each question asks REUparticipants’ confidence in one type of ability, such as formulating a research question. Byconducting two-tailed t-test for the first year’s results, only one question (Dealing withunanticipated delays in conducting research) shows significant improvement with p-value of 0.03.For the second year, there are four questions show

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine Nicole Elfer, Tulane University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

• ENGP 1005: Introduction to Electronics with Laboratory • NSCI 1015: Basic Neuroscience with Laboratory • Physics 1015: Materials Science and Engineering Summer Class • PSYC 1100: Exploring Psychology • SCEN 1015: Computers and Musical CreativityStudents also have the option of living on campus during the course period for additional feesand many extracurricular educational activities are planned outside of the courses to introducethe students to each other and opportunities available at universities.The Purpose of Evaluations: This program offers a unique opportunity in the New Orleans areafor high-achieving students. However, the cost associated with the program is prohibitive tomany Greater New Orleans area residents. While course

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jalil Kianfar P.E., Saint Louis University; Adaline M. Buerck, Saint Louis University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

aroadway with bike lanes. This paper builds upon the familiarity of students with thetransportation system and pursues three objectives. First, students learn how math and physicsprinciples can be used to model complex systems, such as a surface transportation system.Second, students are introduced to the decision-making process and before-and-after studies inwhich quantitative measures are used to support a decision. Third, students learn how engineerscan potentially influence city planning and affect communities. In the first steps, students learn how math can be used to model driver behavior and todevelop car-following models. Then, students use traffic simulation software to model the flowon an urban corridor. The software considers

Conference Session

Life After Graduation

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bernhard Schadl, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

undergraduate engineering students about their future career plans?RQ 2: How do engineering students who are “career certain” differ from those who expresssome level of uncertainty when thinking about their professional futures?In this study, career certainty is defined as “the degree to which individuals feel confident, ordecided, about their occupational plans” (Hartung, 1995, p. 1). Thereby, “career certain”students are those students with the highest degree of confidence, or decidedness about theiroccupational plans.2. Theoretical BackgroundExisting literature describes the difference between career certain and uncertain students,considering various variables (Guay et al., 2003), including a student’s backgroundcharacteristics. The results suggest