Collection

2009 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Stephen Beck; Joshua Brent; Thomas Brown; Agostino Cala; Eniko T. Enikov; Richard Lucio

introductory engineering class is to present engineering as an exciting and welcomingfield of professionals who work together to solve problems. An introductory engineering classthat lacks creativity, teamwork and encouragement often fails to inspire students and may turnsome away from engineering. This paper describes a modern approach to team-based learningand peer teaching in the context of an introductory course for freshmen engineering students.More specifically, the use of LEGO NXT© construction kits was tested as tool to enhance theexperience of group projects. LEGOs are approachable, intuitive and have application innumerous construction projects. The low cost, reusability, and availability of a variety of sensorsfor LEGO kits make them ideal

Collection

2025 ASEE -GSW Annual Conference

Authors

Bill D Carroll P.E., The University of Texas at Arlington; Kartikey Sharan, The University of Texas at Arlington

University of Texas at Arlington. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2025Teaching Digital Logic Design Using a Floating-Point ProcessorKartikey Sharan and Bill CarrollComputer Science and Engineering DepartmentThe University of Texas at ArlingtonAbstractThis paper presents a framework for teaching digital logic design using a 32-bit floating-pointprocessor, developed as part of Kartikey Sharan’s master's thesis. The project leveragesSystemVerilog and the IEEE 754 standard to provide hands-on experience with floating-pointarithmetic, FPGA implementation, and digital system design. Integrated into advanced digitallogic courses at the University of Texas at Arlington, the project offers practical exposurethrough

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH) Technical Session 14: Curriculum and Course Assessment in and Outside the Classroom

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John A. Mirth, St. Cloud State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)

batch” and due at the end of the subsequent week. c. Homework grading: Homework grading is completed within a week after the homework is collected. d. Project work: Engineering courses commonly contain projects to tie together topics. In our model, each module has a culminating project that is assigned at the completion of module information delivery. The project has the following processing times: i. A project duration of three weeks. ii. Grading time is one-third of the project length (i.e. one week). e. Exams: The instructor has a choice of giving either a “topical module exam” (based solely on course information and homework), or a “comprehensive module exam” (that

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Julia A. Scott, Santa Clara University; Evangelia Bouzos, Santa Clara University; Matthew Philip Hendricks, Santa Clara University; Prashanth Asuri, Santa Clara University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Paper ID #32934Cultivating Student Adoption of Design Thinking and EntrepreneurialSkills by Addressing Complex Challenges in Healthcare Through IndustryPartnershipsDr. Julia A. Scott, Santa Clara University Julia Scott is a researcher at the BioInnovation and Design Lab of Santa Clara University. She trained as a neuroscientist at the University of California, Davis. In her current role, she manages projects relating to brain-computer interfaces, as well as machine learning applied to medical imaging and clinical decision support tools.Evangelia Bouzos, Santa Clara University Evangelia Bouzos earned her BS in

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: EM Across the Curriculum II

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Walter W. Schilling Jr., Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

systems companies in the Midwest. In addition to one U.S. patent, Schilling has numerous publications in refereed international conferences and other journals. He received the Ohio Space Grant Consortium Doctoral Fellowship and has received awards from the IEEE Southeastern Michigan and IEEE Toledo Sections. He is a member of IEEE, IEEE Computer Society and ASEE. At MSOE, he coordinates courses in software verification, real time systems, operating systems, and cybersecurity topics. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2020 WIP: Integrating the Entrepreneurial Mindset into a Software Requirements Course through Project Based

Conference Session

ECE Pedagogy and Assessment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Mark Jansson; Ying Tang; Ravi Ramachandran, Rowan University; John Schmalzel, Rowan University; Shreekanth Mandayam, Rowan University; Robert Krchnavek, Rowan University; Robi Polikar, Rowan University; Linda Head, Rowan University; Raul Ordonez, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

been tested, implemented andenvisioned. It is safe to say that no single approach will work for all of the diverse ECEtechnologies and every type of learner. However, a few key innovations appear useful inkeeping undergraduate students motivated to learn, resilient to technology evolution andoriented amidst the overload of new information and ECE applications. Engineeringclinics, similar to their medical clinic counterparts, provide project-based experienceswithin the core of an ECE education that enable transformation of the entire curriculumtoward an outcomes-oriented, student centered, total quality environment. Clinics andproject based learning approaches build skills within the individuals that give themconfidence and motivation to

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: First-year Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Scott Duplicate Streiner, Rowan University; Cheryl A. Bodnar, Rowan University; Kaitlin Mallouk, Rowan University; Bruce Oestreich, Rowan University; Kevin D. Dahm, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation, First-Year Programs

the last decade. These practices have often beeninitiated, supported, and disseminated via the Kern Entrepreneurial Engineering Network(KEEN), which has focused on students developing curiosity about the world around them,connecting information from a variety of sources to guide in analysis, and creating products thatprovide value to stakeholders. In the College of Engineering at Rowan University we havesought to strategically develop the entrepreneurial mindset in engineering students by building inEML principles – namely the KEEN 3C’s of Curiosity, Connections, and Creating Value – intoexisting and new first and second-year design projects.This full paper describes one such first-year project that leverages EML and Universal

Conference Session

Systems Engineering Division Technical Session 1: Course Design & SE Competencies

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachana Ashok Gupta, North Carolina State University; Greg A. Dunko, NantHealth

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

Paper ID #23976A Four-step Method for Capstone Design Teams to Gather Relevant andWell-defined Product RequirementsDr. Rachana Ashok Gupta, North Carolina State University Dr. Rachana A Gupta is currently a Teaching Associate professor and Associate Director of ECE Senior Design Program at NCSU. She teaches and mentors several senior design students on industry-sponsored projects (On average 12 / semester) to successful completion of an end product. These projects include all aspects of System Engineering: concept design, product design and design trade-offs, prototyping and testing (circuit design, PCB, mechanical

Conference Session

Exploring Graduate Student Experiences

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natascha M Trellinger, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Brook Sattler, University of Washington; Jennifer A Turns, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

experiences of graduate students in a blended interviewing experienceAbstractSocialization in graduate school is critical to personal and professional success, and encompassesboth the development as a researcher and as a member of the field. This paper discusses theexperiences of 28 graduate students through their participation in an engineering educationresearch project. The blended experience included online training workshops, qualitativeresearch tasks, and culminated in a final meeting at the 2014 ASEE annual conference inIndianapolis. The graduate student participants reflected on their participation in an onlinesurvey, which was coded for individual descriptions of their experiences.The results are presented as four

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Asly Artiles, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Katherine E LeVine, Wellesley College

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Passionate about the intersection of education and technology, her dual degree in computer science and education has helped her to contribute to projects such as automatic essay grading and Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s App Inventor, a blocks-based programming language. She is inspired to help people of all ages enjoy learning. Page 26.1455.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Ta-Da! You’re a design thinker! Validating the DesignShop as a Model for Teaching Design Thinking to Non-Designers and Achieving Systemic Re-Design in the Education

Conference Session

Career Decisions and Faculty Development

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lori C. Bland, George Mason University; Jill K. Nelson, George Mason University; Margret Hjalmarson, George Mason University; Anastasia P. Samaras, George Mason University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Paper ID #23607To Map or to Model: Evaluating Dynamism in Organically Evolving FacultyDevelopmentDr. Lori C. Bland, George Mason University Lori C. Bland, Ph.D. teaches courses in educational assessment, program evaluation, and data-driven decision-making. Bland received her Ph.D. in Educational Psychology from the University of Virginia. Her current work focuses on evaluating programs in higher education, STEM education, and gifted ed- ucation, assessing learning and professional outcomes in formal and informal learning environments in higher education and the workforce; with a focus on project- and problem-based

Conference Session

Construction Division Technical Session 4: Capstone, Safety and Beyond

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley Louis Benhart, Purdue University; Clark A. Cory Ph.D., Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Rabita Rajkarnikar, Purdue University ; Cirilo I. Rangel, Purdue University; Mark Shaurette, Purdue Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

, project management, strategic planning, preconstruction, and sustaining the built environment. At Purdue, Benhart also leads the Healthcare Construction Management program and works with the first ASHE (American Society of Healthcare Engineering) student chapter. His position allows him to further develop construction education in the built environment and be an in- dustry advocate for the next generation of builders. He is also very involved in field supervision training programs, both at Purdue and on the national level. He focuses on the sustainability of our industry by mentoring the retiring baby boomers with new foremen and superintendents. Benhart also has an exten- sive resume in industry. His previous position

Conference Session

Robots and K-12 Computer Applications

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christina Gardner-McCune, Human Centered Computing Clemson University; Darrryl Bryant DUPE McCune II, YES Beyond Limits; Chanteal Maria Edwards; Cedric Stallworth, Georgia Institute of Technology, College of Computing

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

their ideas to life through the design of new applications and devices.Our goal in designing this program was to build on the success of existing K-12 summer camp outreachprograms offered at Georgia Tech by offering students an opportunity to pursue their interest in CSthrough a constructionist and project-based curriculum. As we moved the students from exposure topersonalization of the technology they developed, our aim was to increase the number of studentsdesirous of enrolling in college as computer science majors. Our overarching goal was to increase thelikelihood of students who apply to computer science undergraduate degree programs. This paper willdiscuss the program, strategies for program success, and enrollment and participation

Conference Session

Capstone Design II

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Karen Davis

as well as to improvethe course itself and the program curriculum as a whole. The techniques include ‚ an initial survey of achievement vs. importance of all outcomes, ‚ an individual self-assessment assignment, ‚ a project-specific statement of ABET concerns (health, safety, environmental, ethical, etc.), ‚ student assessment of team functioning, ‚ peer assessment for design reviews, ‚ an assignment to discuss current events related to professionalism and ABET concerns, ‚ a small group assessment (over the entire program curriculum), ‚ an exit survey for achievement of all outcomes, and ‚ peer assessment of project final presentations.Examples of assessment

Conference Session

DEED Melange

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Courtney Pfluger, Northeastern University; Kathryn Schulte Grahame, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

CourseAbstractEngineering Design is a project-based first-year student course that introduces systematicengineering design methods. Using the engineering design cycle, students are walked througheach phase of the cycle using real world examples. Two faculty members introduced asustainability theme into the existing project-based course to around 180 students (approximatelyone third of the incoming freshman). With the university’s mission to become a more sustainablyaware campus, this piloted theme synchronized well with long term goals. Thematicsustainability lessons that focused on water, materials, and alternative energy technologies wereintroduced throughout the course alongside traditional methods used to teach the engineeringdesign cycle and culminated with a

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED) Technical Session 3

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mercedes Terry, University of North Dakota; Enrique Alvarez Vazquez, University of North Dakota; Dan Ewert, University of North Dakota; Ryan Striker, University of North Dakota

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED)

to contribute. Thiscollaborative approach allows UG students to glean insights from a more diverse andcomprehensive range of graduate students, fostering relationships that might otherwise remainunrealized. In the context of fostering collaborative relationships between graduate and UG students,implementing an innovative-based learning (IBL) program serves as a catalyst for synergy. TheIBL program involves interdisciplinary projects that require collaboration between graduate andundergraduate students. These projects provide opportunities for innovation, addressing real-world problems, and leveraging the diverse skills of each student. The exchange of ideasbecomes a reciprocal process, enriching the learning experience for all

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division (MVD) Technical Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janice Higuera, University of Colorado - Boulder; Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Military and Veterans Division (MVD)

projects and civil-military community re- construction projects. As the Engineer Director of Army South, she managed all engineering-related programs across the Caribbean, Central, and South America.Dr. Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder Angela Bielefeldt is a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder in the Department of Civil, Envi- ronmental, and Architectural Engineering (CEAE) and Director for the Engineering Plus program. She has served as the Associate Chair for Undergraduate ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 Military Engineers: Unlikely Social Justice Warriors – Military Training that Supports Community NeedsAbstractThe

Conference Session

ECE Division Technical Session 1: Online or Remote Teaching and Curricular Developments

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eleanor Leung, York College of Pennsylvania; James Kearns, York College of Pennsylvania

McMaster University.James A. Kearns (Associate Professor) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Using a Hyflex Learning Format in a Second-year Mechatronics CourseAbstractThis evidence-based practice paper details a Hyflex learning format used in a second-yearMechatronics course for Mechanical Engineering majors. At York College of Pennsylvania,Mechatronics introduces second-year Mechanical Engineering students to essential aspects ofelectronics and instrumentation through experiential hands-on learning. Students regularlyconduct laboratory exercises and work on short projects as they learn

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yaser Banadaki, Southern University and Agricultural & Mechanical College

Science plays a vital role in sciences and year growth of any sector by 2022.engineering disciplines to discover meaningful Furthermore, the National Center for Women &information and predict the outcome of real-world Information Technology [5] projected that up to 77%problems. Despite the significance of this field and of future job openings could be filled by people withhigh demand, knowledge of how to effectively computing degrees. Despite the job opportunities,provide data science research experience to STEM states with large minority populations like Louisianastudents is scarce. This paper focuses on the role of had only 365 (18% female) and 455 (24% female)data science and

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Design in the First Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Keyanoush Sadeghipour, Temple University; David Brookstein, Temple University; Shawn Fagan, Temple University; Cory Budischak, Temple University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

student aspiration conforms to oneof the basic tenets of “design thinking” in that it is a methodology that imbues the full spectrumof innovation with a human-centered design ethos.At our university we have started to infuse the concepts of design thinking in our initialIntroduction to Engineering course and then later in our capstone senior design project courses.Between those “course bookends” we are working with our faculty to introduce to them thedesign thinking concept of “identifying the need” in place of only teaching “transactional”engineering concepts and theories and how to solve engineering problems.This paper will illustrate how we have introduced design thinking in our first-year introduction toengineering course and then conducted

Conference Session

Design Across Curriculum 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Matthew Lucian Alexander P.E., Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Rajashekar Reddy Mogiligidda, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; David Hicks, Texas A&M University - Kingsville

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

three departments in the Frank H.Dotterweich College of Engineering at Texas A&M University-Kingsville have incorporatedengineering design instruction and hands-on design projects in the last two years as part of NSFgrant award #1928611. A primary objective of this grant is to increase the retention andpersistence of minorities in the engineering programs by incorporating high-impact enrichmentactivities into courses early in the student’s academic career. A logical course to include high-impact activities for first-year students is the introduction to engineering courses in thedepartments, which are titled “Engineering as a Career” (GEEN 1201), within the Frank H.Dotterweich College of Engineering.This work presents the approach used for a

Collection

2013 North Midwest Section Meeting

Authors

Cory J. Prust; Stephen M. Williams

the then Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) in themid-1980’s. At that time, ABET began to specify a “culminating design experience” for allaccredited engineering curricula.For many schools, the shift of accreditation criteria to assessment and evaluation processes hasimpacted senior design courses. Student outcomes are often assessed in the senior designcourse(s). Integration of student outcome assessment in design course(s) has met with varyingdegrees of success.Senior design has presented an opportunity to increase interaction with external constituents thathave an interest in projects and in hiring graduates. While these interactions often strengthenoverall student experience, in some cases they present unanticipated

Conference Session

Make It!

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge A. Piña, Baltimore City Community College; Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

. The system consists of a several proximity sensors, a Click PLC, powersupply, and 2 sets of green-yellow-red lights to simulate the traffic light controlled by a ladderlogic program.As compared to fixed time control systems, the foundation of a dynamic system is actually adetector which is nothing more than a simple device that communicates with the traffic light andinforms it about traffic conditions in real time. This time, the traffic light can not only adjusttiming, but also solve traffic congestion by changing the cycle of the traffic light as soon as thetraffic in the intersection gets heavy with cars.This project is using proximity sensors to simulate the switches or cameras that in a real scenerywill communicate to the PLC about the

Conference Session

Innovations in Mechanical Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

S. Perwez Kalim, Wilkes University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

reorganization of a sophomore level thermodynamics course addresses these issues. Themain objectives of this effort are to expand the boundaries of students’ knowledge by engagingthem with the planning, design, build, and test concepts. The process included the reorientationof theory taught in the class and required an active student participation in a special designproject. The whole idea was to incorporate a hands-on design project and other pedagogicalchanges to transform the student’s learning into a pleasant and fulfilling experience. The projectwas successfully completed for the first time in the spring of 2005. The students associated withthis approach were divided into several groups, where each group was assigned to develop aStirling engine

Conference Session

Experiential Learning Initiatives

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jiahui Song, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Gloria Guohua Ma, Wentworth Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. She has been teaching robotics with Lego Mindstorm to ME freshmen for several years. She is actively involved in community services of offering robotics workshops to middle- and high-school girls. Her research interests are dynamics and system modeling, geometry modeling, project based engineering design, and robotics in manufacturing. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Different Lab Formats in Introduction to Engineering CourseAbstractMany incoming freshmen are ambiguous about which engineering major they are interested in.Exposing them to different engineering labs in freshman year will help them have a clearunderstanding about different majors.The objective of this

Conference Session

Insights and Practices for Engineering Leadership Development

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Bayless, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

Paper ID #18207Engineering Leadership Development using an Interdisciplinary Competition-based ApproachDr. David Bayless, Ohio University Dr. Bayless is the Gerald Loehr Professor of Mechanical Engineering and the Director of Ohio Uni- versity’s Coal Research Center, part of Ohio University’s Center of Excellence in Energy and the Envi- ronment. He is also the director of the Robe Leadership Institute and director of the Center for Algal Engineering Research and Commercialization (an Ohio Third Frontier Wright Project) He is engaged in the development of energy and environmental technology such as producing algal-based

Conference Session

Engineers and Communities: Critical Reflections of Challenges, Opportunities, and Practices of Engaging Each Other

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Reddy, Colorado School of Mines; Juan C. Lucena, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

, Technology and Computing in the American Anthropological Association. She studies experts and their work in relation to environments, technolo- gies, and human lives. Her current research projects deal with earthquake risk management technology in Mexico and the United States, environmental data justice in the US/Mexican borderlands, and the development and practice of engineering expertise.Dr. Juan C. Lucena, Colorado School of Mines Juan Lucena is Professor and Director of Humanitarian Engineering at the Colorado School of Mines (CSM). Juan obtained a Ph.D. in Science and Technology Studies (STS) from Virginia Tech and a MS in STS and BS in Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alyson Grace Eggleston, The Citadel; Robert J. Rabb P.E., The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

approach totechnical writing and assignments, and an experimental course, which featured an interventionwhereby student teams completed an electro-mechanical device repair and documentationproject. The device repair and documentation project requires students to propose and report ondeliverables to corporate representatives, produce user-oriented technical prose supported bydetailed photography, and proceed with the project according to their own declared timelines todeliver publish-ready user guides. At completion, these user guides are published on the site andaccessed by a growing network of global users. It is hypothesized that the experiential devicerepair and documentation project uniquely equips students in the experimental cohort

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chip W Ferguson, Western Carolina University; Paul M Yanik, Western Carolina University; Yanjun Yan, Western Carolina University; Sudhir Kaul, Western Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

integrated ProjectBased Learning (PBL), and undergraduate research experiences. The SPIRIT Scholar programattracted a diverse group of Engineering and Engineering Technology students, thus increasingthe percentage of female and minority student participation as compared to the host departmentprogram demographics. Over the last academic year, fifty-four undergraduate researchprojects/activities were conducted by the twenty-seven scholars under the direction of twelvefaculty fellows. Additionally, peer-to-peer mentorship and student leadership were developedthrough the program’s vertically integrated PBL model, which incorporated four courses andseven small-group design projects. Academic and professional support for the student scholarswere

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natacha Depaola, Illinois Institute of Technology; Paul R. Anderson, Illinois Institute of Technology; Roberto Cammino, Illinois Institute of Technology; Bonnie Haferkamp, Illinois Institute of Technology; Limia Shunia, Illinois Institute of Technology; Eric M Brey, Illinois Institute of Technology; Jamshid Mohammadi, Illinois Institute of Technology; Fouad Teymour, Illinois Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Impact of Engineering Solutions:A Collaborative General Education-Engineering Effort Page 26.721.2AbstractAt the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), General Education (GenEd) requirements forBachelor Degrees include six credit hours dedicated to project work that brings students from allacross the university to work in teams that resemble a professional work setting. These inter-professional student teams work with faculty and/or industry mentors on a wide range ofprojects. Students assume different roles in the team and are encouraged to approach the projectfrom their own perspective and to contribute their respective discipline-specific knowledge whileperforming within their