but also in cost anddelivery time. SolidWorks Sustainability accounts for both the distance and mode oftransportation used to deliver the product throughout its supply chain: air, truck, rail, and ship.In addition to distance and type of transportation, consideration of the quality of the fuel usedmakes this model detail oriented. The fuel that is used during transportation differs with fuelsource and refining technology, and has different acidification potential from the exhaustemission16.In comparing different environmental impacts to each other that reflects a comparable scale ofeffects SolidWorks Sustainability has formulated a sequential computation plan. As a first step,the software gathers specific environmental impacts of each
) Grant No. 1037808Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are thoseof the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Page 23.1166.2AbstractPublished research has provided a robust set of documented tools and techniques fortransforming individual engineering courses in ways that use evidence-based instructionalpractices. Many engineering faculty are already aware of these practices and would like to use 2them. However, they still face significant implementation barriers. The E R2P effort
thestudents would know most of the answers before we began the assessment as thequestions are indeed very basic. The students overall performed the worst on the basicchemistry questions (only 44%), while they only did only somewhat better on thequestions reflecting on hands-on learning (55%).We also examined whether the students’ scores in these three content areas made adifference in their performance on four low stakes quizzes and the two mid-term exams.Only one minor difference was noted on the first three quizzes in that on quiz three, thestudents scoring higher in basic science knowledge, scored higher than their peers. But,on quiz 4, student outcomes were different for those students scoring higher (upper 50%)on their pre-course assessment
submitted at least oneassignment, 2,417 took the final exam. 1303 earned the regular certificate (acompletion rate of 2.1%). Of the 145 students submitting a final project, 107earned the programming (i.e. 'with distinction') version of the certificate.There was a note the Coursera certificate, which stated that the online offering ofthis class does not reflect the entire curriculum offered to students enrolled at theUniversity. This statement does not affirm that this student was enrolled as astudent at the University in any way. It does not confer a grade, credit, or degree,and it does not verify the identity of the student.As Coursera courses are self-enrolling and often require no prerequisites, it couldbe possible that students are not matched
universal organization and time management technique for allstudents! Next popular was planning ahead, though the Honors students seemed to utilize thistechnique less than the Non-Honors students. Since all these students are newly matriculated,the students are generally reflecting their high school experience, where Honors students mayhave had less need to do pre-planning, given their aptitude and capabilities. Do work promptlywas chosen and utilized by all student categories, though at a lower preference rate. Use acalendar was the overwhelming choice of Honors students and much less so for Non Honorsstudents, though this tool was at about the same preference level overall as prioritize work.There still is a drive to either get the work done or
. Page 23.1253.13Overall, they have reached a satisfactory motivation level. There are positive performance, whichis reflected in motivational factors, concretely over the learning strategies scale. It is remarkablethat the highest level is in anxiety, possibly as a consequence of insecurity caused by the lack ofexplanatory material for the proposed activities. The training is made so students can acquirebasic knowledge about orthogonal views through their own finds and intuition.Table 6. Motivation factors (subscales) Motivational factors Mean SD Control beliefs and learning self-effectiveness 3,73 1,79 Self-effectiveness performance
] developed a study to explore electronic troubleshooting in different contexts of design,production, and repair. He made reference to the model explained by Johnson [11], the TechnicalTroubleshooting Model, that reflected the cognitive process flow of an engineer engaged introubleshooting technical problem. The model is divides into two main phases (a) hypothesisgeneration and (b) hypothesis evaluation. In phase one the problem-solver acquires informationfrom internal or external sources that can be used to support a representation of the problem.Following this representation, one or more hypothesis are developed that may account for thefault. In phase two, the problem solver evaluates a hypothesis generated in phase one andattempts to confirm or
consequencevalidity. Construct validity is how well an instrument measures a construct, and whether thatconstruct is measured with sufficient depth. In this study, we show this type of validity throughadapting and developing multiple questions per construct, aimed at measuring different aspectsof how those constructs were originally defined and consulting experts whether those itemsmatch the constructs they were intending to measure. Finally, further construct validity is shownthrough factor analysis. Content validity is how much an individual’s responses to certain items reflect theconstruct the items intend to measure. Messik39 notes that construct and content validity aretypically shown through similar methods. Thus, the methods discussed for
, what they do know, andhow they know it. A corollary of this is that once students realize they don’t know something, Page 23.1328.4they are more receptive to instruction and are “primed” to learn. This motivation is difficult tomeasure, but appears repeatedly in student attitude surveys we have collected. These twoexamples of student comments reflect some of these ideas: • “It's good to be able to formulate an answer right away to see if you understand it. Without it, when a professor is teaching something new, you think you know how to do it until you try to work on it later and realize there was an aspect you needed clarification
required to build full sized antique artifacts.The knowledge gained from this project, whether it utilized scale models or full sized replicas,was for all intents and purposes the same. The major difference was cost. For universities withlimited budgets, the research and development of scale models makes perfect sense. Thisdiscovery, by itself, made the project worthwhile for both the students and faculty involved.Conclusions, Reflections, and the FutureThe use of scale models recreating ancient technologies has been added to the Technology inWorld Civilization course. The use of scale models has impacted the students learning process inthree ways. First, students take an active part in the construction process requiring trial and errorattempts to
of software versions, missing software or hardware components, access rights to drivers, etc. would cause many problems and shall be tested prior to the lab sessions. 2) It is important to clearly state deadlines and consequences of late submission. A lack of hard deadlines and late-submission consequences was also assumed by many students. Despite repeated reminders, a lot of students forgot to submit the model files they used in the lab. The solution was to grade late submissions much more harshly; it is fine if a student needs more time to complete a report, but the quality of the submission must reflect this extra time spent. 3) It is important to clearly specify expectations in a grading rubric
asmeasured with the Likert scale questions of Part 2 of the survey. Limitations of the survey werethat even though the survey was designed to measure conception, the respondent was limited andsomewhat guided by the options listed on the survey. These may not fully reflect therespondent’s conception of engineering design. To help address this, the survey did provide theoption for the respondent to provide additional comments and add design activities. The questions used in the survey addressed content validity in that they presented astudent’s knowledge of design; construct validity in that selection of the most and least importantdesign activities gave some insight into the student’s reasoning; and criterion validity in that wealso gained
Directorat the Center of Engineering Education and Outreach at Tufts University. Hynesreceived his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering in 2001 and his Ph.D. inEngineering Education in 2009 (both degrees at Tufts University). Inhis current positions, Hynes serves as PI and Co-PI on a number offunded research projects investigating engineering education in theK-12 and college settings. He is particularly interested in howstudents and teachers engage in and reflect upon the engi- neering designprocess. His research includes investigating how teachers conceptualizeand teach and how students engage in engineering through in-depth case study analysis
instrument deployedby Walstrom et al. 24 Questions pertaining to demographics, parents’ education, and recollectionof desire to study engineering were added to the instrument. A combination of multiple choiceand open-ended questions were used. In addition, questions were customized to reflect thechoices available at UNH. (Refer to Appendix A for complete survey tool questions; note thatthe questions in the appendix appear numbered to facilitate analysis – the actual tool did not havequestions numbered.) The survey was approved by the University’s Institutional Review Board.The on-line application Survey Monkey® was used to deploy and collect the data. Emailinvitations with unique links were sent out to 235 full-time engineering undergraduates
”.3 In addition, faculty should make their role visible andexplicit in the classroom. Finally, UTAs should be evaluated by students and should reflect ontheir experience.3 Wallace (1974) adds to these claims by arguing that consistent and frequenttraining is necessary to ensuring the success of UTAs.2TAs unique position as both student and instructor introduces the challenge of balancingteaching responsibilities with student responsibilities. The time and grading components of theteaching responsibilities can become overwhelming. This effect has been especially observed inclassrooms where novel and experimental approaches are being used.10 In response to calls forreform in engineering programs, the course being researched implemented the use
electrical phenomena persisted fromfreshman to senior levels. Novices reported that this mental model already was created beforeentering college. The ‘product’ of such an incorrect understanding reflects the popular analogy ofelectricity and water. When learning new material about the ‘invisible’ world, students sought‘visible’ analogies in the observable world. Often the water analogy was presented by instructorsor in books or students made this assumption by themselves because it is “visible”. Althoughstudents understood that the water analogy cannot elucidate all electric properties, theyrepeatedly applied features of plumbing-systems to electrical circuits and diagrams. At thenovice level, the water analogy is widely used but does not have yet a
includingthe application of agile methods to safety critical system development, the relationship of agiledevelopment with user experience design and how to measure flow in lean system development.Similar research is done by Gary et al.[13] on the basis of agile development process. Procter etal.[29] used a case study of a project to create a Web 2.0-based, Virtual Research Environment(VRE) for researchers to share digital resources in order to reflect on the principles and practicesfor embedding eResearch applications within user communities using agile development. Ferreiraet al.[11] reported in detail on one observational study of a mature Agile/Scrum team in a largeorganization, and their interactions with the user-experience designers working on
challenging while having a clear goal.”One of the major concerns about introducing this ALU project into a mostly non-ECE group wasthat the students would complain about the lack of diversity or relevance of the course content.Surprisingly, there were only four student comments reflecting such a view. Other unfavorablecomments referred mostly to the amount of time provided for course projects. (There were 4projects in all for a 15-week course.) Despite those particular student concerns, the overallresponse from students regarding the course was very favorable, meaning that the introduction ofthe digital logic project did not have a significant negative impact on either student cognitive oraffective outcomes and in fact appeared to have a significant
. __ 8 (1.34) 5.5 (1.42) 8.2 (1.92) <0.01* 0.71hrs studying for this course per week21 Likert scale 1= strongly disagree, 2= disagree, 3= neutral, 4= agree, 5= strongly agree2 Hours per week*Statistically significant results, p<0.05met three times a week whereas the 2010 and 2011 groups met four times a week. Anotherdifference was that the 2012 class missed a week of class due to inclement weather. Thesefactors may be reflected in the results.Second, the 2011 IC reported that the instructor better assessed their learning through exams andquizzes. This is puzzling since exams and quizzes for all three offerings were very similar. Otherresults (see Student Perceptions of the Inverted Classroom) suggest that
information, considering implicationsand reflective evaluation of assumptions displayed by the experimental group in the post-test wassimilar to the methodology covered by instruction and model eliciting activities the subjectsexperienced in APSC 100. The control group, having no explicit critical thinking instruction,displayed increased use of concepts and the beginnings of using supplemental information toinform their conclusions. But, similar to the experimental group pre-test, did not begin toconsider the credibility or quality of the supplemental information.These observed differences may also be attributed to the varying educational backgrounds thedifferent groups may posses, or the differences in individual experiences during the semester. Asa
fulltime on project advising. Furthermore, both students and advisorsapply competitively to participate. It is reasonable to expect that a great deal of the differencesbeing seen between on-campus and off-campus project impact can be attributed to those factors,rather than simply to the location of the project.The changes over time are more difficult to interpret with confidence. For example, anincreasing trend (as seen in Figure 1) could reflect changes in the program over time or decay inthe impact of the program with passing time. We expect that the positive trend for questionsrelated to cultural awareness (Figure 1) is related to the increased availability of and emphasis on
. Any opinions,findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authorsand do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.IX. References[1] Koretsky, M.D., Amatore, D., Barnes, C., & Kimura, S. (2008). Enhancement of student learning in experimental design using a virtual laboratory. IEEE Transactions on Education, 51(1), 76–85.[2] Koretsky, M.D., Kelly, C. & Gummer, E. (2011). Student Perceptions of Learning in the Laboratory: Comparison of Industrially-situated Virtual Laboratories to Capstone Physical Laboratories. Journal of Engineering Education, 100(3), 540–573.[3] Koretsky, M.D., Kelly, C. & Gummer, E. (2011). Student Learning in
theory, while technology results in discoveries which lead to theories.Purpose Vincent, Bogatyreva, Bogatyreva, Bowyer, and Pahl6 suggest that there has not been anygeneral framework or method for searching the biological literature functional analogies forbiomimetics. Most biomimetic solutions have focused on a single product, without applicationcomplex global problems. For example, Qualcomm commercialized a display technology basedon the reflective properties of certain morpho butterflies, using interferometric modulation toreflect light to control the desired color for pixilation display. The Swiss Federal Institute ofTechnology has incorporated the biomimetic characteristics of self-diagnosis and self-repair intheir adaptive
Steel Co. for alleged willful, repeat and serious violations ofworkplace safety standards at its Augusta production facility. The steel products fabricator facesa total of $132,000 in proposed fines for electrical, crushing, laceration and other hazardsidentified during an inspection by OSHA's Augusta Area Office begun in January."The sizable fines proposed in this case reflect the severity and recurring nature of a number ofthese hazards," said William Coffin, OSHA's area director for Maine. "For the safety of itsworkers, this employer must take effective and expeditious action to eliminate these conditionsand prevent their recurrence."OSHA found that maintenance employees were not supplied with and did not use personalprotective equipment to
group ofAmbassadors. In reflecting on the collaboration among the four universities, Al Brockettacknowledges the strategic benefits from establishing what he good-humoredly describes as a“forced marriage;” however, what grew out of this powerful union is a true sense of community,a partnership, and a genuine desire to collaborate. Each school quickly realized the benefit ofhaving three other institutions with programs at various levels of development. The partnershipwas essential to building successful programs because it allowed the four partner universities to: Page 23.496.2 Exchange best practices, from day-to-day operations to long-term