should be created by multi-disciplinary teams of domain experts,reflecting best practices in pedagogy, knowledge domains, student engagement, and learningevaluation. For example, graphics designers, animators, and digital artists can create content thatis contextually relevant and aesthetically inviting to users with well-chosen visual and audioeffects. Domain experts must identify the content that appropriately targets the users at theirlevel of readiness and learning objectives. Pedagogy experts can co-create with the domainexperts and digital artists to package content in a way that improves learning. CAD modelers cancreate effective representations of the physical environment and the artifacts of interest.Photographers can create
each academic year, including their last yearbecause literature indicates graduate engineering students consider departing their degree programat many different points in their graduate school journey, including their last year [30]. To properly characterize the impacts of our variables, we developed our ranges of modifiervalues to reflect on the weight of each factor shown in literature on student experiences [21]. Theranges were developed to reflect the weight of each variable on the students. A larger range withlarger values indicates a greater weight of that variable and potential for that variable to impactmotivation more than others. One example is that literature indicates that one of the most impactfulvariables that impacts a
obstacles. When Hispanicstudents’ accomplishments are recognized and celebrated publicly, it serves as positivereinforcement and aids in retaining them in STEM [12]. The academic events are tailored tosupport participants in successfully completing their degree milestones based on their degreelevel. Professional events provide insights into post-graduate opportunities and help develop theskill sets necessary for participants to become successful, inclusive engineers. In summary, theprogram’s objectives are reflected in all these activities, which aim to address the personal,academic, and professional needs of Hispanic engineers. Through our program, we aim to investigate two questions concerning the success ofvirtual mentorship
math, “I would have consideredit was mathematical, and that is something that I would have attributed to what we did today[referencing the exhibit activities], but stepping back and really thinking about it, that's exactlywhat it is. It is probability” (P6). In contrast, reflecting on what they and their child experienced,the parent asserted, “I feel like it's kind of engineering on a smaller scale, figuring out whatdifferent buttons do to make something happen on a screen. Or a different combination ofbuttons to make it do something different” (P5). When describing their experiences, manyparents referred back to the CT activities that were part of the exhibit and then related them tothings they were most familiar with, such as using a
analyzer (IR Analyzer). Production of H2 is confirmed by measurement of CO2, because hydrogen and CO2 are produced in a 1:1 mole ratio.SurveyTo measure experimental self-efficacy, we modified a version of the ESE survey taken from [3].Table 1 presents the survey items. All questions used a 5-point Likert scale and responses rangedfrom strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). Scores were averaged across all questions in afactor to calculate the descriptive statistics in the results section. Table 1. ESE questionnaire, adapted from Kolil et al. [3] and the mean and standard deviation of responses. The crossed-out words were removed from the original survey and replaced with the underlined words to better reflect the specific course setting
problems. The students surveyed forStructures II 2022 had already completed Structures I and the survey was completed near the endof Structures II; therefore, the results reflect students who are at the end of the two courses. Thestudents surveyed for Structures I 2022 were surveyed twice throughout the course thus theirresults reflect students’ progression in handling OEMPs.What are the students’ initial responses to encountering an open-ended analysis project?From the affective pathway construction data collected in October 2022, the students initiallyhave a largely neutral response denoted by the Curiosity adjective. As the students progressthrough the project, they encounter negative feelings such as Confusion, Anxiety, Frustration
procedures on our data multiple times and determinewhat seemed to be the most valid and trustworthy result between these procedures. Among theEFA decision points described above, we felt that decisions regarding the order of which items toretain would most greatly affect our factor structure, the number of factors and assignment ofitems to each factor. Thus, we performed simultaneous EFA procedures with different rules fordetermining item retention and compared their different results. We present the results of thesedifferent methods and our reflections upon how our analysis decisions modified the results.To the knowledge of the authors, there is not a set of consistent guidelines for approaches to EFAavailable for engineering education researchers
qualitativedata on self-reported perspectives on collaboration. The results of the pilot study suggest thatstudents working together from early stages have the opportunity to develop soft skills, expandtheir networks, and, most importantly, appreciate their counterpart’s perspectives. Finally, theauthors reflect on future research paths in collaborative learning as well as in soft skills trainingand development for majors from the construction industry.IntroductionGlobalization of the construction industry has elucidated the lack of cooperation required fromarchitects and civil engineers to work together in projects at a national and international levelworldwide [1]–[4]. This often translates to delays and economic losses in building projects. As aresult
corereadings are featured prominently. Currently the readings are the following: • “The Tragedy of the Commons” by Garrett Hardin • “The Nazi Engineers: Reflections on Professional Ethics in Hell” by Eric Katz • “The Land Ethic” by Aldo Leopold • “Value-Sensitive Design and Nanotechnology” by Ronald Sandler • “In the Unlikely Event of a Water Landing” by Lauren SlaterThe readings were chosen years ago after much program-wide discussion, either because they areconsidered standards in the subject matter, such as the essays by Hardin and Leopold, or becausethey present important ideas about engineering ethics in an accessible manner, such as the piecesby Sandler and Katz, or because they utilize an interesting compositional structure to
, running a successful REU site involvesmany moving parts and significant efforts and coordination from all stakeholders (REUstudents, mentors, site directors, and many others), which would benefit from a systems-basedthinking [9]. In the spirit of continuous improvements, in planning for the summer 2021program, we reflected on our experience and lessons learned from both summers of 2019 and2020 and redesigned or refined many components of our 2021 program. An overarchingprinciple for our improvement efforts was to provide better structures and support [8] to our2021 cohort during the pandemic. To this end, we have selected and adapted a set of bestpractices in order to organize a successful remote REU site (Section IV).The remaining paper is
usedSonnet Lite to simulate the microstrip’s reflection coefficient and insertion loss. They learned themeaning of the simulation results. Then participants designed and simulated microstrip bandstopfilters. They used AppCAD to design the filters and then simulate them using Sonnet Litesoftware. They simulated the filters on reflection coefficient and insertion loss.Radio Frequency and Microwave Radiation Safety (NSU)Participants learned about Wireless Transmission Safety Wireless power transfer (WPT). WPT isenergy transmission without wires as a physical link. The technology can eliminate the use ofwires and batteries, thus increasing the mobility, convenience, and safety of an electronic devicefor all users.Hybrid Projects:Medical IoT - Use Case
disambiguated? Methods To resolve the open-response network data by disambiguating each participants’response(s), we developed our disambiguation strategies concurrent with data collection of alarge scale (1000+ node), loosely bounded educational network. After completing this concurrentnetwork resolution, we delineated our disambiguation strategy. By qualitatively reflecting on ourentire disambiguation process and then improving the framework, we developed a refined andcomplete disambiguation procedure for future studies.Data Collection During the Spring 2021 semester, we conducted a network study to understand theformation and effects of undergraduate peer interactions and outcomes. In
estimates indicating that the average age of surveyors isbetween 55 and 60 years old. In our previous work we examined surveying students tounderstand how they found out about surveying and what got them interested in this major.While this provided us with some important insights, it only reflected the opinion of studentswho already selected surveying. In Fall of 2022, we expanded our sample by surveying first-yearstudents at six Penn State campuses in order to understand their perceptions about surveying.The online survey helped students to understand the main characteristics of surveyingengineering and helped them update their self-beliefs about surveying. The paper also examinessurvey results considering college major, racial, and gender. The
that of the Elders. These are people in the community“who have acquired wisdom through life experiences, education (a process of gaining skills, knowledge, andunderstanding), and reflection (Archibald, 2008 p 37). Age is not a factor when it comes to being an Elder. The maincriteria are that an individual is respected by others in the community and has important cultural knowledge that isshared (Archibald, 2008). When conducting culturally responsive research, particularly with Indigenouscommunities, a very important beginning step is receiving permission from the community members(Masta, 2018). As such, I framed my starting conversations around the purpose of receiving permission orblessing for my research as well as engaging and building a
a scientist is an important 2.00 1.32 2.56 1.51 Science Identity part of my self-image. I have a strong sense of belonging to the 2.33 1.32 2.22 1.48 Science Identity community of scientists. *Being a scientist is NOT an important 4.11 1.45 3.67 1.50 Science Identity reflection of who I am. I have come to think of myself as a "scientist". 2.22 1.20 2.33 1.23 Science Identity I feel like I belong in the field of science. 1.78 .97 2.00 1.12 Science Identity *I am NOT a scientist. 4.44 .88 4.22 .97 Science Identity I hope that my future career will require the 1.11 .33 1.56 .88 Career use of robotics concepts. *My career goals do not
project andexplain the reason for design choices. However, students working on this type of project oftenchose sources that did not best meet information needs, and paraphrased things poorly. Forexample, they tended to use Wikipedia or other websites, rather than using other moreauthoritative reference sources, such as textbooks. This reflects a larger observed trend thatbackground research for information such as general scientific principles is often lacking, both interms of inconsistent recognition of the need for evidence and lack of quality of sources selectedto provide such evidence. For several types of projects, especially those developing consumerproducts, it is often easier to find what seems like appropriate information on the web
individuals prefer or value belonging togroups and in general, opt for collective behaviors to maintain the group’s harmony [18]. Incontrast to this dimension, in terms of power distance, Ecuador shows an acceptance of unevenpower distribution almost twice as much as the US and the Netherlands. At the same time, itshows similar results to those from China, were the government has a large involvement in sociallife. In general, this reflects a society that normalizes inequalities within the social fabric and ismore likely lean towards structured hierarchies of power.According to the results on the uncertainty avoidance dimension, Ecuador ranks higher than theUS, China and The Netherlands. This dimension describes the extent to which society can
, and innovation, supporting theproduction of goods not possible at the economies of scale of long-chain mass manufacturing.Such a small-scale production team would be characterized by their broad expertise of skills thatare utilized in production, instead of specialization in any one particular set, as favored bylarge-scale production enterprises. While such a possibility is on our horizon, however, we are notpreparing our future workforce for this kind of envisioned work 6 . Currently, our education andcareer system is optimized for specialization. Let’s consider the design of Career and TechnologyEducation (CTE) classes. School districts design CTE classes to prepare students for existingwork, reflecting the present need and interests for
incentivizingstudents to participate in field trips, internships, and part-time jobs related to construction, theindustry engagement in the technical component seems to still fall short as reflected in manycompanies by the employers [2]. According to the industry recruiters, although newlyemployed students have a good grasp of the technical concepts, many fail to relate them withthe actual applicability in the proposed tasks. Additionally, employers observed that a lot ofthe students lack other competencies equally important in the practice of the professionincluding leadership, self-motivation, self-evaluation, adaptability, work under pressure, andothers [3]. In the same way, many students also do not feel prepared to enter in theconstruction job market with
. How would this material enhance the training? Elements to consider include the variety of activities or learning experiences (e.g., listening, reading, discussing, implementing); and whether the new material might effectively address time or resource constraints (e.g., a well-crafted, short video might explain a concept more succinctly than a longer discussion using multiple slides). Does this material reflect well on the overall curriculum, particularly in terms of diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI)?Asking participants to evaluate materials with a “DEI lens” helped to identify items that, on thesurface, seemed well-aligned with the goals of the training – but upon closer examinationincluded unconscious
-based skills mastery and self-reflection [18-21].Although the benefits of these best practices for middle years design projects are fairly wellestablished, the implementation of these practices can be challenging from both curricular andlogistical perspectives. The most widely used Machine Design textbooks [4,5] heavilyemphasize classical mechanics and closed-form solutions to kinematics and failure analysisproblems that are now addressed in professional practice using CAD-based simulations. There isa similar curricular gap in practical instruction for basic mechatronics specific to machineautomation and control (e.g., actuator selection and control, sensor integration). Prior casestudies [22,23] have highlighted the use of mechatronics in
strategies outcomes established evaluation ü Design a ü Task chemical plant Reflection and Performance within specific optimization on ü Team technical, ethical
professionalism topics.Students have formal opportunities for interacting across cohorts through project teams. Theinter-cohort collaboration offers opportunities for professional and technical development in thecontext of working on industry projects.The small group meetings referenced on Figure 1 are formal opportunities for students to connectwith other students and with facilitators and are used in the co-op based program. Students meetin small groups of 3-5 students to discuss a variety of topics. All students in the department areregularly asked to complete reflective prompts; the small group discussion can be focused onthose reflective prompts, such as “Why is it important to set goals?” Small group discussionsmay also focus around career
on to their self-esteem but become more pessimistic about both their teachers and schoolwork than other girls''[19]. To provide further context on why this may hold true, I reflect on Bryant’s casualty. As onewho can easily orient herself in Bryant’s position, I often ask myself and otherprofessionals/scholars where are the safe spaces for Black girls? Harris (2021) invited me in aconversation about anti-Black girlhood even in perceived “safe”, high achieving, formal learninginstitutions.Here is a synopsis of our conversation:Me: Though I am grateful that we were one of the Black girls that “made it”, I realize that therewas harm even in “making it”. When I am on Twitter and doing one of my reflective tweets on afiction read or an
expertise. Invention Education and Youth Impacts Invention Education refers to the “deliberate efforts to teach people how to approachproblem finding and problem-solving in ways that reflect the process and practices employed byaccomplished inventors” (Couch et al., 2019, p. 1). The Lemelson Foundation (2020) notescommon traits of inventors to include empathy, creativity, curiosity, resilience, calculated risk-taking, passion, resourcefulness, and a tolerance for ambiguity and complexity. To broadly tiethese traits to IvE programs, A Framework for Invention Education (Lemelson, 2020) wascreated with adoption of six key tenets: 1. Context: Invention is the result of an ongoing creative process. 2. Empathy
. 33–46). Sterling, VA: Stylus.[44] Boutte, G. S., & Hill, E. L. (2006). African American communities: Implications for culturally relevant teaching. New Educator, 2(4), 311–329.[45] Morrison, K. A., Robbins, H. H., & Rose, D. G. (2008). Operationalizing culturally relevant pedagogy: A synthesis of classroom-based research. Equity & Excellence in Education, 41(4), 433–452.[46] Young, E. (2010). Challenges to conceptualizing and actualizing culturally relevant pedagogy: How viable is the theory in classroom practice? Journal of Teacher Education, 61(3), 248–260.[47] Gay, G., & Kirkland, K. (2003). Developing cultural critical consciousness and self- reflection in preservice teacher
2started at the end of their first semester in the Fall of 2020. This study includes their first twosemesters in their undergraduate engineering program and two focus groups: Fall of 2019(semester 1) and Spring of 2020 (semester 2). Both focus groups were held virtually. All focusgroups were audio and video recorded, professionally transcribed by Rev.com, and checked forerrors before being uploaded to the coding software NVivo12 (QSR International).Guiding questions prompted participants to reflect on their engineering identity and theirperformance/competence beliefs in the past, present, and future to best capture change overtime. The guiding questions emerged from previous work that quantitatively explored students’engineering identity and
smallmodel that reflects traditional grading practices where the midterm written exam score predictsthe final written exam score F inalW rittenExam∼M idtermW rittenExam + (1|Instructor) + (1|Session) (1)and (2) a bigger model where a midterm oral exam is added as another predictor along with themidterm written exam to predict students’ performance at the final written exam F inalW rittenExam∼M idtermW rittenExam + M idtermOralExam + (1|Instructor) + (1|Session) (2)If the bigger model is a better fit for student performance data compared to the smaller model, thenested model comparison will support the idea that midterm oral exam scores explain morevariance in students
engineering students. We targeted industrial engineersbecause of the relatively high gender balance in their student population. The divergentthinking abilities of the students were measured with a two-phase test consisting of thealternate uses task (AUT) and the utopian situations task (UST), with ideational fluency(number of ideas produced) as the critical output measure. Students were asked to completeboth tasks while their electrodermal activity (EDA) was recorded, a biological measure that isthought to reflect engagement. The students’ divergent thinking abilities and electrodermallevels were then compared before and after two forms of feedback: positive and negative(stereotype threat). Results showed that the number of ideas generated was
convergence? ● Third, what are the overall differences and similarities between the KEEN EML framework and convergence?To address the first question, the Convergence Framework of Table 3 was compared to the EMLmindsets and skillsets. A table was created with EML mindsets and skillsets as columns and ourConvergence Framework items as rows. For each row-column combination we rated the“connection” of the two items using a rating value of 0 to 2. Ratings of 0 reflected no connectionbetween column and row items. A rating of 1 indicated a weak, indirect, or supportiveconnection between the two. A rating of 2 indicates a strong connection between the two items;one is required for the other or a vital connection. Each of the three authors conducted