Collection

2009 GSW

Authors

Tzu-Liang (Bill) Tseng; Richard Chou; Yongjin Kwon

techniques. Many universities utilize a two-course sequence (first semester: passive, second semester: active), but in some cases both activeand passive circuits are taught in the same course [4]. After careful planning and discussion, itwas decided to convert an existing course into a new two-semester sequence in High FrequencyElectronics, with the first semester covering RF/microwave circuit theory and passive microwavecircuit design, and the second semester covering microwave amplifier design. The sequence istaught at the graduate level, with enrollment open to qualified undergraduates. The first course in Proceedings of the 2009 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference Baylor University

Conference Session

Preparing a Modern Aerospace Workforce

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Helbling, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Lance Traub, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

theory, computation, and experimentation and adiscussion of planned curriculum improvements now made possible with the addition of the newlaboratory.RP Lab OverviewThe Rapid Prototyping Laboratory is a 238 square foot facility that contains two work stationsthat are connected to three 3D printers. The oldest of the three is a Zcorporation Zprinter310plaster printer which was purchased in Fall 2005. The impetus for the purchase of this printerwas to support a freshmen multidisciplinary design course which was being offered for the firsttime that semester. Two Stratasys Dimension SST printers which form parts made of ABSplastic were subsequently purchased during the Fall 2006 and Spring 2007 semesters. Theseprinters are used for sophomore through

Conference Session

Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Najwa Hanel, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

International

motivated arsonists. --The Water Resources Center is involved in efforts to rationalize the planning and management of water resources and to develop strategies for the optimal usage of this vital resource. This is a critically important topic for the region, which has not effectively been able to succeed in harnessing the water from the winter rainy season and the snow melts of the spring in reservoirs for irrigation during the arid, dry summer and fall seasons. For this, the Center, which is a forum for information exchange and regional cooperation with the department of Environmental Engineering, has conducted a coastal zone management and development study to define opportunities for socio

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Potpourri

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Serdar Tumkor, Stevens Intitute of Technology; Kishore Pochiraju, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

; manufacturing, process planning and rapid prototyping/manufacturing.Kishore Pochiraju, Stevens Institute of Technology Kishore Pochiraju is the Director of Design and Manufacturing Institute and an Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering at Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ. He received his PhD from Drexel University in 1999 and joined Stevens after a postdoctoral appointment at the Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware. Dr. Pochiraju works in the areas of multi-scale and multi-physics mechanics of composites And structures. His recent funded research on oxidation and durability of high temperature polymer Matrix composites. He has developed and taught

Conference Session

Project-Based Learning in ECE Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Schubert, Packer Engineering; Matthew Beatty, Naperville North High School

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Harvesting of Lunar Iron: Competitive Hands-on LearningAbstractElectromagnets can be used to harvest free iron from lunar soil, known as regolith. Iron isimportant to the US plans for a lunar outpost. It does not rust in space, making it an excellentconstruction material. Circumpolar railroad tracks would allow a slowly-moving train to followthe sun, making agriculture possible, and enabling continuous operation of factories producingsolar cells and oxygen for life support and propulsion. Designing an iron harvesting apparatusfor the unique lunar environment requires that students re-think tacit assumptions about howthings work.Within the context of a 33-student summer program, two college interns

Conference Session

Successful K-12 Programs for Girls & Minorities

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leslie Wilkins, Maui Economic Development Board; Isla Young, Maui Economic Development Board, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

expectations.According to the surveys, the Projects have also done fairly well at the goal of gender and ethnicequity. Across all high schools, for those students designating a gender, 40% were female in2005, 39% in 2006, and 34% in 2007. These numbers are stellar compared to the numbers ofwomen currently pursuing STEM degrees, but still show there is a long way to go before trueequity is achieved. The formal survey conducted in 2005 and informal conversations withfacilitators since indicate that, while most facilitators make it a point to seek out female students,there are no recruitment methods designed specifically to attract females or other underrepresented students currently in use. The program administrator’s project director plans tobecome more directly

Conference Session

Professional Development in Materials Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Kessler, Iowa State University; Emily Merrick, Iowa State University; Lawrence Genalo, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

13.867.3Meetings are scheduled each month of the academic year and feature speakers, free dinners, andice breaker activities. Guest speakers at these meetings include faculty, industry representatives,and alumni that typically present a technical materials engineering seminar. In addition, thesemeetings are also used to present updates on past and planned activities and discuss chapterbusiness. The executive council meets the week prior to each monthly meeting for planning andorganization, enabling a smooth operation of upcoming meetings and events.Students have a desire to attend national conferences of their societies as an opportunity tointeract with other students and professionals, network with potential employers, and exchangewith other

Conference Session

Focus on IE Principles and Techniques

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arun Nambiar, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez; Dale Masel, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

AC 2008-2680: TEACHING CONCEPTS OF LEAN MANUFACTURINGTHROUGH A HANDS-ON LABORATORY COURSEArun Nambiar, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Arun received his Bachelor's Degree in Mechanical Engineering from Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India in 1997 and Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering from Ohio University, Athens, OH in 2004. He went on to receive his Doctoral Degree in Integrated Engineering (with an Industrial Engineering concentration) from Ohio University, Athens, OH in 2007. His research interests include production, planning and control of manufacturing systems, application of lean principles, study of discrete-event systems and cost estimation for various

Conference Session

Innovative Instructional Strategies

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martha Allen, Georgia College & State University; Amy Kelley, Georgia College & State University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

centers around interactive worksheets,cooperative learning and discovery activities, and individual writing assignments.Interactive Worksheets: We have designed worksheets to complement our presentation of thesubject matter. The worksheets contain definitions, theorems, and procedures as well as theexample problems (without solutions) that we plan to discuss in class. Frequently we ask studentsto attempt a problem prior to a discussion on it. This approach allows students to take an activerole in doing linear algebra problems rather than be passive observers. In the interactiveworksheets, the examples the students are asked to work include basic computations, applicationsof theory, and applications in specific contexts. The following are excerpts

Conference Session

Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma in Manufacturing Education 1

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Lobaugh, Pennsylvania State University-Erie

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

the desired metric gain? If not, then the team/group must go back and reinvestigate the situation. In an industrial setting, Lean Manufacturing and Value Stream Mapping are typicallytaught on-site by a consultant or at seminars, typically lasting two to five days. These aredesigned to give a detailed explanation of the technique and often include simulation examplesand workshops using actual on-site manufacturing examples. For a company planning to trainmany employees, a seminar given by a consultant is a good method, although very expensive. Ifa company involved in lean manufacturing or planning to implement VSM, an engineeringgraduate possessing that information and experience would be very valuable and highly soughtafter.The value

Conference Session

Alternative Energy Source Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Schubert, Packer Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

syngas, which can then be burned in a generatorset to provide electrical power and heat. In order to achieve this efficiency, a plasma torch isused to rapidly pyrolyze corn stover, producing high BTU content syngas and a dry ash rich insoil nutrients.A multidisciplinary team of four undergraduate researchers converted a commercially-availableplasma cutter into a plasma torch for use in a farm-scale biomass syngas reactor. This hands-onresearch project combined the best available published literature on plasma cutters and torcheswith the accumulated experience of professional engineers from industry to create a workingprototype. Following each major development, the student team reviewed their work, and near-term plans, with a review board

Conference Session

Off the Beaten Path

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Bates, Minnesota State University-Mankato; Denise Wilson, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

in Office Hours and in ClassAbstractOne of the most challenging and unexpected aspects of a new professor’s career is dealing withstudent emotions. Emotions, especially anger and frustration, can have an impact on studentsuccess and willingness to stay engaged with course content. Successfully implementingstrategies for dealing with student emotions can result in improved academic outcomes. Thispaper addresses the impact of student emotions and suggests strategies for faculty to use wheninteracting with students.IntroductionThe impact of student emotions on learning is rarely discussed in faculty preparation workshops.Guidebooks suggest ways to write syllabi, plan lessons and incorporate active learning strategiesbut rarely present ways to

Conference Session

Public Engineering of Engineering, K12 Standards, and Overview

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Sanders, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

State University and “The Maryland Plan”13. The IACPutilized an advisory committee and task forces of subject-matter specialists selected fromindustrial design, engineering, psychology, organization, and management divisions, to identifythe structure of a body of knowledge they called “industrial technology,” which they publishedin 1966 in A Rationale and Structure for Industrial Arts Subject Matter14. Perhaps their mosttangible outcome was the development and publication of two junior high curricula andaccompanying textbooks of the same names—World of Manufacturing and World ofConstruction—which sought to convey knowledge of those two industries and their impactsupon society to junior high students in a laboratory setting.Donald Maley, who

Conference Session

Learning to Communicate with Engineers and Non-Engineers

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Judith Norback, Georgia Institute of Technology; Nicoleta Serban, Georgia Institute of Technology; Nagi Gebraeel, Georgia Institute of Technology; Garlie Forehand, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

Recent Engineering Graduates in the Marketplace: Results of a Survey on Technical Communication Skills.” Journal of Engineering Education, 2001. 90(4): p. 685-697. 3. ABET Engineering Accreditation Commission Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs, 2005. Baltimore, MD: ABET, Inc. 4. Davis, D.C., and Beyerlein, S.W., Development and Use of an Engineer Profile. in American Society of Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition, 2005. Portland, OR. (ASEE 2005) 5. Rogers, Jr., D., Stratton, M.J., and King, R.E., “Manufacturing education plan: 1999 critical competency gaps—Industry updates competency gaps among newly hired engineering graduates.” Society of Manufacturing Engineers

Conference Session

Metrology Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Lapinskes, Sypris Test & Measurement Inc

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

what is becoming a technician employment crisis.When ST&M looked into training for entry level personnel it was plain to see the availableoptions. Most options were not feasible solutions for a commercial enterprise. To compare tothe military training plan which required nearly a year of intense 8 hour per day classroom andlab training, a company would have to hire an employee and send them to school for a 2 yearAAS degree. This option was simply not affordable or practical. A second option was an onlineMetrology program. The often heard drawback to this program is the lack of a hands-oncomponent. A third option was to develop a full course to be given through the company. Onceagain this would be very expensive and the downtime of the

Conference Session

Learning Needs and Educational Success

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Linda Vanasupa, California Polytechnic State University; Victor Granados, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

initial survey. The pre- and post- tests were analyzed using a pairedt-test for the individual items, using "teacher," and "highest family level" as blocking factors inthe analysis.Table I. A list of the survey questions3. I enjoy math (circle one): YES NO NOT SURE4. I believe that math is a difficult subject to learn (circle one): YES NO NOT SURE5. When I leave high school, I plan to have a job the doesn’t require math:YES NO NOT SURE6. I am planning on going to college: YES NO NOT SURE YET7. I believe I am able to learn math, even when it’s difficult: YES NO NOT SURE YET8. I am a little nervous about learning math: YES NO NOT SURE YET9. Math is valuable in the real world: YES NO NOT SURE YET10. My family is

Conference Session

International CIase Studies: Collabs, Exchanges & Interactions

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mean-Shang Chen, Central Michigan University; Albert Peng, Central Michgian University; Yanjia Sun, Central Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

International

, SIT plans to send one or twoprofessors to CMU for up to six months each year. SIT visiting professors will audit classes andassist supervising laboratories if needed. They will also seek collaboration with CMU faculty onresearch and publications. SIT will be responsible for the cost of airfare, medical insurance, androom and board for their faculty. CMU will arrange campus housing for duration of their stay,and give access to CMU laboratory facilities, computers and libraries. Both schools also agree tocollaborate on developing a program where CMU faculty or graduate students will travel to SITto teach oral English to SIT students.Program ManagementAn administrative committee with five members from SIT and two members from CMU wasestablished

Conference Session

International Division Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suleiman Ashur, Indiana University - Purdue University Fort Wayne; Khaled El-Sawy, United Arab Emirates University; Essam Zaneldin, Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

International

academic institutions. In Turkey,for example, the universities purse accreditation by either the English institutional accreditationsystem, FEANI or the American Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)1. The choice inthe UAE was to pursue ABET accreditation as a vehicle to meet its standards and improve theengineering higher education in the country.However, the new ABET 2000 criteria for accreditation made the process more demanding byshifting the focus of accreditation from “teaching” to “learning.”2 In addition, achieving aneffective outcome assessment plan and meeting ABET’s Engineering Criteria 2000 requiresflexibility from the faculty member to learn and apply the new process and adjust to continuesnature of the new criteria3. One factor

Conference Session

Fluid Mechanics Experiments and Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

B. Terry Beck, Kansas State University; Brian Anderson, Kansas State University; Mina Hosni, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

. Some meandering of the streams results in loss of illumination inadjacent streams in still-frame captures, but the flow characteristics are still clearly evident inlive video. Spreading or dithering of the light sheet could be used to enhance the definition ofthe still-frame captures, or alternatively this could be done through the use of frame averaging.The results thus far are very encouraging, and numerous other duct flow test sections arecurrently planned for testing. The construction materials are very inexpensive—typically genericflat black finish foam board, which is available form any art supply store. Flat black duct tapewas used to temporarily attach the duct model to the inside of the tunnel wall, and the model iseasy to remove and

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Course Innovation II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Waldron, Grand Valley State University; Pramod Chaphalkar, Grand Valley State University; Shabbir Choudhuri, Grand Valley State University; John Farris, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. Previous work by the authors has focused onimproving the integration of CAE1,2 into mechanical engineering programs. Noble3 writes thatthere is “a need for a broad based individual that is capable of working in an integrated fashion ina team environment.” According to King and Lin4, “Industries need engineers who are versed instreamlining processes from design to planning to manufacturing.” Tsang and Wilhelm5developed a one-credit laboratory to “integrate the disciplines of materials science andengineering, manufacturing and design.” Noble3 also notes that “little is done to provide anysynthesis between the courses.”The goal of this paper is to document efforts to improve the experiences of students working inintegrated design project teams and

Conference Session

Integrating Design into the BME Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristine Csavina, Florida Gulf Coast University; James Sweeney, Florida Gulf Coast University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

achieving learning outcomes and a perspective from thestudents now in the capstone design sequence.Course ContentTopics in bioengineering product design are introduced using in-class activities, most of whichfocus on the HLPR Chair or the Benchmarking project, detailed on the following pages. Thefirst eight classes introduce steps of the design process as outlined in the text (product planning,customer needs, product specifications, concept generation & selection, and concept testing).The students and instructors approach the design process as a design team tasked withidentifying improvements to developing the next generation of the HLPR Chair based oncustomer needs and previous testing. Once such activity is described in the following

Conference Session

Using Technology to Enhance Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Farahani, National University, San Diego; Ronald Uhlig, National University, San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

activity students were asked to insert a key into a heap structure. Theobjective of the instructor here was to force students to think about the heap structure andwork through a seemingly simple algorithm. Although all the students indicated that theyunderstood the algorithm, a good portion of them failed to correctly demonstrate theinsert algorithm (see the sample submission slides in figure 4). This is another goodexample of where the student response helped the instructor to spontaneously digressfrom the planned lesson to take advantage of the information received from the studentsubmissions. An important part of lecturing is adjusting material in response to audiencereactions and developing spontaneous examples and explanations to clarify and

Conference Session

Design in the ECE Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mihaela Radu, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Clint COLE, Washington State University, Pullman; Mircea Dabacan, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Romania; Joe Harris, DigilentInc; Albert Fazekas, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Romania; Ioana DABACAN, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Romania

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

companies produce state of the art PLDs boards and CAD tools.This paper summarizes five years of experience at the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca andtwo at Rose Hulman Institute of Technology , organizing such competitions. The logistics andchallenges of the competitions, results of the past editions and plans regarding the future of thesecompetitions at both schools are presented. Evaluations of the competition and students’perceptions as an alternative learning experience were investigated through student surveys.IntroductionAs the complexity of microelectronic systems is steadily increasing, universities must updatetheir curricula to cope with the increased demands of research and development required inindustry. By integrating Digital

Conference Session

Concluding Thoughts in Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Harry Petersen, Minnesota State University, Mankato; William Peterson, Minnesota State University, Mankato

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

almost completely to an on-lineformat, with each class requiring only a single on-campus face-to-face meeting.Converting Traditional Face-to-Face Classed to Web-Based On-Line ClassesThe first step in putting classes on-line was to decide which classes would be converted to on-line over the web. By the time our Manufacturing Engineering Technology students finish theirjunior year, they have had most of our hands-on engineering and laboratory-based courses. Wehad six traditional Industrial Engineering-based face-to-face classes in the senior year:Manufacturing Resource Planning and Control, Ergonomics and Work Measurement, IndustrialSafety, Project and Value Management, Logistics and Transportation, and Quality ManagementSystems. There was a total

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics - Courses and Curricula

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seamus Freyne, Manhattan College; Micah Hale, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

people from 10 institutions in 9 states provided responses to thesurveys. The respondents included all academic ranks, deans to assistant professors.Several references about engineering ethics education were useful in the development of thesurvey.1,2,3,4,5 With this survey, the authors hoped to capture a sense of engineering ethicseducation in terms of courses, content, assessment, and future plans. The following questionsappeared on the survey: • Do you feel an ethics course taught specifically to engineering students is necessary, or can ethics best be taught to engineering students as a general education requirement or learned on the job? • Do any of your engineering departments have a full course in ethics? • Excluding any

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seamus Freyne, Manhattan College; Micah Hale, University of Arkansas; Stephan Durham, University of Colorado, Denver

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

current students. They are savvy in themysterious and sometimes frightful ways of campus politics. Never miss a chance to receiveguidance from your colleagues. Walk down the hall every day and where you find an opendoorway, say hi. Plan regular activities with a few colleagues away from the office such as acasual morning run or a weekly lunch.Improve your teaching skills. Almost every university has various kinds of colloquiums. TheASCE supports a workshop called Excellence in Civil Engineering Education (ExCEEd), wherenew professors spend an intensive six days learning the latest teaching methods.10 Ask acolleague to attend one of your classes and provide some suggestions. Attend the lectures ofother good teachers, even those outside your

Conference Session

Engineering Courses for Non-engineers

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Loendorf, Eastern Washington University; Terence Geyer, Eastern Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Technological Literacy Constituent Committee

how it fit into your hand orhands along with how it actually felt like it wanted to do its job. Students need to be exposed to,and made aware of, how a technology works before they can move on to actually recreatingthem.The third phase, which is planned but not yet implemented, involves the actual student recreationof ancient and other historical artifacts. This would include making stone tools, different types ofarmor, compound bows along with arrows, pioneer objects, and a host of other artifacts from rawmaterials. This process could then be expanded to replicate technologies that are of a more recentnature over time. The challenge is how to fit these projects into a lecture based course. Without a

Conference Session

Assessment and Continuous Improvement in Engineering Technology: Part II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nripendra Sarker, Prairie View A&M University; Mohan Ketkar, Prairie View A&M University; Cajetan Akujuobi, Prairie View A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

(wordings) in the objectives should be used to prepare aquestionnaire. Any questionnaire larger than two pages in length is repelling to respond.The Educational Benchmarking Inc. (EBI) does business to conduct opinion surveys. It has asmany as 83 questions with lot of redundant and boring questions. It is difficult to relate thesequestions to the objectives and assessment plan. During designing a questionnaire (instrument),the psychology of the respondent should be carefully thought about. It is likely that a respondentmay not respond to a long list of questions. Even if he does, he may not put his valuablethoughts. To obtain meaningful response from a targeted person, a survey instrument(questionnaire) needs to be prepared with adequate judgment

Conference Session

Information and Network Security

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nestor Osorio, Northern Illinois University; Andrew Otieno, Northern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Information Systems

Principal Investigatoror Director. Several working groups will focus on specific tasks such as: a technical group; aprocurement and selection group; a metadata group; a publicity group; etc. Finally,administrative procedures, a strategic plan, a plan for securing funding, and assessment strategieswill be developed.Preserving the Literature of Engineering EducationThe literature of engineering education is complex and extensive. Powell1 describes thecomponents of engineering education in a recent publication: "Engineering education encompasses a number of categories, including students, faculty, practitioners and alumni, courses and programs, and assessment and evaluation. Topics relating to students include learning resources

Conference Session

Programs That Serve Industry and Academia

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dan Baldwin, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; John Ludwick, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; Kevin Marshall, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

each clip, with some asbrief as a few seconds, was projected in front of all departmental supervisors, the director offeredhis verbal feedback. Afterwards, any department involved in the execution of that particular shotwas given these notes and planned to revise accordingly. In most cases, improvement wasexpected during the next daily session. This activity, not often seen by the public, allowed theauthors to glimpse the instigating forces of the R+H pipeline. Although silence was strictlyenforced, the dailies allowed faculty to fully comprehend the level of expectation, layers ofdepartmental involvement, utilization of proprietary software, and perhaps most importantly thelevel of time management enforced for these large budget productions