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Displaying results 27841 - 27870 of 40902 in total
Conference Session
Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH) Technical Session 4: Professional Preparation
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Sommer Scott; Micah Lande, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
Tagged Divisions
Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)
skillsrequired to compete for a position. This research project explores how undergraduate mechanicalengineering students develop an understanding of how their coursework and extracurricularactivities give preparation for a career trajectory in the automotive industry. Freshmen enrolledin the undergraduate mechanical engineering degree are required to complete an Introduction toMechanical Engineering course, ME110. The course is designed to be an introduction to themechanical engineering profession and overviews engineering fundamentals, CAD basics,professional development, and other related skills. An initial assignment these freshmencomplete in this class is to imagine their future career and the steps that they will need to take toachieve it by way
Conference Session
Diversity Trainings, Inclusive Learning, and Distance Learning
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Laura J. Bottomley, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Kimberly Pender
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Minorities in Engineering Division(MIND)
College that they could use in interactions with students and parents duringthe summer programs.After the presentation, the participants were divided into groups for a role-play activity. Eachgroup was given a different scenario and given time to discuss it amongst themselves. They wereinstructed to choose actors and be prepared to present the scenario with possible solutions to therest of the group. The scenarios used were:Scenario 1:You are watching groups work on a project. You notice that in one group, there is one studentthat is not participating. She is standing on the edge of the space watching the three boys in hergroup build their design. What do you do?If you choose to talk to her, she tells you that her group is not listening to her
Conference Session
Research Methodologies – Session 2
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Debalina Maitra, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus; Brooke Charae Coley, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus; Diego Reyes
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)
framework We approached the stories using an interpretive lens. Therefore, this work is grounded inpostmodernism as we represented stories beyond traditional norms of dissemination. We added somelayers to complete the narratives without changing the actual stories. Based on the experiences ofmarginalization common to Black students navigating engineering, this project is theoretically framed inCritical Race and Role Strain Theories. Critical Race Theory (CRT) provides a framework forchallenging the ways in which race and racism implicitly and explicitly impact social structures, practices,and discourses; it has also been used to understand the experiences of Black graduate students navigatingengineering environments (Crenshaw, 1991; Ladson
Conference Session
Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) Technical Session 9
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Lauren Taylor Wagner, The Ohio State University ; Tyler Milburn, The Ohio State University; Krista M. Kecskemety, The Ohio State University; Bob Rhoads, The Ohio State University
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)
]), engineering students (e.g., [4]), engineering courses (e.g., [5]), and classroomactivities and projects (e.g., [6]). To better understand how well students conceptualize EM, faculty in the Department ofEngineering Education at The Ohio State University created an assignment to investigate howwell students understand EM and what concepts they relate to it. Note, this university uses theKEEN framework to describe EM, but rather than using the word “Entrepreneurial” they haveused “Engineering” in some courses to help students understand that the skills involve more thanjust the business aspects of engineering design [7]. This assignment was given to both a first-yearengineering course and a multidisciplinary engineering capstone course. The
Collection
2022 ASEE - North Central Section Conference
Authors
James E. Van Loon, Oakland University
• standards publishers; methods for discovery and access; volume and frequency of use; current challenges for access; and detail of integration into coursework • willingness to engage in a follow-up interview with the research teamWhenever possible, survey questions included a free-text response in addition to the multiplechoices available.The research was submitted to the university’s Institutional Research Board (IRB), whichdetermined that the project presented minimal risk and did not require ongoing review. A list offaculty email addresses for survey distribution and follow-up was provided by the university’sOffice of Institutional Research and Assessment (OIRA).Survey distribution and response ratesSurvey distribution to a convenience
Collection
2022 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference
Authors
Paul J Marchese, City University of New York, Queensborough Community College; Deborah Hecht, Center for Advanced Studyin Education
Paper ID #36237Addressing the Needs of Students with Disabilities during the COVIDPandemicDr. Paul J Marchese, City University of New York, Queensborough Community CollegeDr. Deborah Hecht, Center for Advanced Studyin Education As Director of the Center for Advanced Study in Education, at the CUNY Graduate Center I am involved in a wide range of educational evaluations of funded and local projects. I also mentor graduate students interested in careers in evaluation. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Addressing the Needs
Conference Session
Technical Session T2
Collection
2022 First-Year Engineering Experience
Authors
Edward P Gatzke, University of South Carolina
Tagged Topics
GIFTS
college student development 40.3 (1999): 269. 5. Spanierman, Lisa B., et al. "Living learning communities and students’ sense of community and belonging." Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice 50.3 (2013): 308-325. 6. Topalli, Damla, and Nergiz Ercil Cagiltay. "Improving programming skills in engineering education through problem-based game projects with Scratch." Computers & Education 120 (2018): 64-74.
Conference Session
Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Syed Ahmad Helmi Syed Hassan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Khairiyah Mohd-Yusof, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; CHIN CHIA YUAN; Fatin Phang; Nor Farahwahidah Abdul Rahman; Narina A. Samah, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Zaki Yamani Zakaria, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Nurzal Effiyana Ghazali, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
educate students beyond what they have experienced in their learning process.In a survey conducted by the UK Royal Academy of Engineering in 2016, on respondentsacross 29 countries from 5 continents, engineering knowledge and skills are the topmost neededchallenges to meet the needs of the 21st-century challenges [14]. Thus, to transformengineering education in Malaysia, the gap between the conditions and the current status mustbe determined.Hence, this project aims to:1) Identify the gaps in Malaysian engineering education toward preparing 21st Century educators.2) Study the transition of engineering educators in their attempt to implement innovative education.3) Develop a framework for transforming engineering education
Conference Session
Civil Engineering Division Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Charles Riley, Oregon Institute of Technology; Dave Kim, Washington State University-Vancouver; Ken Lulay, University of Portland; John Lynch, Washington State University
instruction of new material [6-9].Many laboratory report writing instructional tools exist at websites created by others. The PurdueOnline Writing Lab (OWL) has a robust library of writing guidance in a variety of fields andgenres [10]. It provides guidance for tutors supporting early lab report writers and studentsinterested in report format and contents. It also includes videos offering guidance in the technicalreport genre. The Civil Engineering Writing Project provides materials developed by a team ledby Susan Conrad [11]. It offers excellent technical writing guidance with language units,grammar and mechanics lessons, and examples of specific genres like memoranda, cover letters,site reports and proposals. The language instruction is very
Conference Session
Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 1)
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Richard Cimino, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jennifer Pascal, University of Connecticut; angad chadha, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Katrin Girgis, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Amal Khan, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Michelle Ortiz, New Jersey Institute of Technology
knowledge of field related to process dynamics, manufacturing, R&D and many others. He gained a lot of experience working with teams at UPS as a Process Control Engineer. He also has been a part of two start up projects in which one of them MyTiffinExpress which is food delivering service of Indian food is still up and running and has covered the Tri-State area and the company is still growing.Katrin GirgisAmal Fatima Khan Amal Khan is a fourth year Chemical Engineering student at NJIT. Amal is interested in the renewable energy industry and would like to work within this field after graduating. Amal has previously interned for a cosmetic manufacturer. Her favorite sports team is the New Jersey Devils. Her hobbies
Conference Session
Case Studies
Collection
2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference
Authors
Benjamin David Lutz, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Aimee Tai Chiem, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Christianna Bethel
Tagged Topics
Conference Submission
AbstractBrainstorming is a crucial component of the engineering design process and the activities andconversations that take place during conceptual ideation can have significant downstream impactson the design process and influence the outcomes of the overall project. While researchers havefocused on the outcomes of brainstorming and the ideas that student teams generate, the role ofdiscourse and conversation during these activities remains relatively underexplored. The purposeof this paper is to provide a codebook that can be used to analyze the discourse of engineeringteams during conceptual brainstorming activities. The use of discourse analysis can offer a deeperunderstanding of how engineering students interact with one another, and the ways different
Conference Session
Virtual Engineering
Collection
2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference
Authors
Indumathi Jeyachandran, San Jose State University; Laura E Sullivan-Green, San Jose State University
Tagged Topics
Conference Submission, Diversity
the department have adapted the use of formative andsummative assessments in Fall 2020. The courses and the assessments used in these courses areprovided below.The undergraduate course (part of the capstone experience) previously used a midterm exam, acourse quiz, final exam and a student project for assessment. This course was offered in Fall2020 in a combination of synchronous and asynchronous delivery methods. With the redesign toadapt to the online learning environment, weekly Canvas module quizzes were used as formativeassessments. Although, the formative assessments were low-stake quizzes, the formativeassessments enabled the instructor to assess student learning periodically, identify topics thatstudents struggled with, and address
Conference Session
Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division Technical Session 1: Experiential Learning in Fluids, Structures, and Course/Lab Design
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Mohammad Biswas, The University of Texas at Tyler; Ola Al-Shalash, University of Texas at Tyler; Nael Barakat, The University of Texas at Tyler
Paper ID #36482Remote Laboratory-Based Learning in A Thermal FluidCourseMohammad Abu Rafe Biswas (Associate Professor) Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering at University of Texas at Tyler. Interests in laboratory education, project based learning and renewable energy education.Ola Al-shalashNael Barakat (Professor and Chair) Dr. Barakat is currently serving as a Professor and Chair of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Texas at Tyler. Dr. Barakat is a professionally registered engineer in Ontario, Canada, a Fulbright Specialist, and is a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Conference Session
Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Dina Verdin, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus; Seline Szkupinski Quiroga
postulate that learning how to do engineering,alongside Sol y Luna, prompted migratory students to adopt the meanings or beliefs of seeingthemselves as engineers. Being recognized as someone that can do engineering is a precursor toidentity development and recognition in a domain (i.e., engineering) supports students’ choice topursue STEM degrees [53], [56]. This project is a pilot to a more expansive project that aims tosupport migratory students’ access and pathway into engineering, the preliminary work presentedshows promising signs of impacting how they see themselves in relation to engineering. Mostimportantly this pilot study, and larger project, brings to the forefront a student population that hasbeen practically invisible in the broadening
Conference Session
WIED: Community
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Callie Miller, James Madison University; Daniel Castaneda, James Madison University; Melissa Aleman, James Madison University
Paper ID #36717Creating Sanctuary in Academia: Tales from the PandemicCallie Miller (Visiting Assistant Professor) Dr. Callie Miller is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University. A self- described mathematically inclined bioengineer, her expertise ranges from computational biology, image analysis, mechanics, mathematical modeling, to project based learning pedagogies.Daniel Ivan Castaneda (Assistant Professor) Daniel I. Castaneda is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University. Daniel earned his PhD in 2016 and his Master's in
Conference Session
Civil Engineering Division - Innovating New Ways to Teach
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
David Saftner, University of Minnesota Duluth; Scott Hamilton, York College of Pennsylvania; Camilla Saviz, University of the Pacific; Tanya Kunberger, Florida Gulf Coast University
. These methods were selected by the authors toinclude both commonly-used methods (e.g. traditional lecture) and current best practices (e.g.group problem solving, case studies). The options intentionally included techniques that wouldsit on contrasting ends of Felder’s learning styles scales, for example including both “sketches,pictures, photos and videos” as well as “written or projected text” as techniques that contrast thevisual and verbal learner described by Felder [6]. Individuals were asked to rate the frequencywith which they utilized each teaching method with options including every class, often,occasionally, and never. In addition, they were asked to rate the relative importance of eachtechnique to student learning as essential
Conference Session
Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kristen Thompson, Loras College
.Appendix A: SolidWorks Flow Simulation InstructionsPart 1C: Adding features to the model to extract simulation resultsNote: It is critical that the two lines described below be on different sketches, so that we can extract theresults separately. To do this, be sure to exit the sketch after the first line is drawn. When selecting toopen the sketch the second time. Then click on the “Front View” in the design tree within the drawingwindow. 1. Draw the centerline - Click on sketch under the “Sketch” tab - Select the line tool. - Select the front plane from the design tree in the drawing window. - Draw a centerline through the full length of the tube. - If necessary rebuild the project - Exit sketch - Rename sketch to “centerline
Conference Session
First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 13: Work-in-Progress Postcard Session #2
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Randy Brooks, Texas A&M University
opportunity to lead an impactul Project Lead the Way (PLTW) Principles of Engineering (PoE) course, a project-based learning survey of the engineering discipline. Since the Summer of 2015 I have been privileged to work with the Texas A and M Sketch Recognition Lab (TAMU SRL) to evaluate a couple of online tutorial tools (Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)) currently under development, Mechanix and Sketchtivity, that provide immediate constructive feedback to the students and student-level metrics to the instructors. I presented on this work at the state and national PLTW Conventions and at CPTTE in 2016. I also spent 5 semesters beginning the Fall of 2015 taking online courses learning how to construct and deliver online courses
Conference Session
Civil Engineering Division - The New Normal: Enduring Technology Improvements in the Classroom
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Alyson Eggleston, The Citadel; Robert Rabb, The Citadel; Ronald Welch, The Citadel
Paper ID #37856We Can’t Go Back: Student Perceptions and RemoteLearning ProtocolsAlyson Grace Eggleston Dr. Alyson Eggleston is a cognitive linguist specializing in the impact our speech has on the way we think and solve problems. She is the founding Director of Technical Communication at The Citadel, and has developed a project-based technical communication course that serves over 14 STEM majors and several degree programs in the social sciences. She is also acting Residential Fellow for the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Teaching, Learning, and Distance Education, and in this role regularly mentors
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Briceland McLaughlin, Boise State University; Julianne Wenner, Clemson University
typically underserved student groups.SEnS GPS is investigating the experiences of computer science and engineering MS studentsfrom pre-decision and recruitment to graduation. This project is working to determine if bestpractices in the areas of recruitment, retention, and persistence to degree at the undergraduatelevel translate successfully to the MS level, looking specifically at low-income, academicallytalented, first-generation, and generally underrepresented students in the science, technology,engineering, and math (STEM) disciplines.SEnS GPS is currently in its second year and has just graduated its first cohort of 10 students inMay 2022. Sixteen students have participated in the program as scholars (scholars are defined asreceiving NSF
Conference Session
Materials Division Technical Session 2
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Susan Gentry, University of California, Davis; Rachel Altovar
programming skills in later courses, such asthe capstone design project, but these were not required to complete assignments before thepandemic. Unfortunately, a portion of the study cohort had their undergraduate educational plansdisrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Students enrolled in the two-quarter capstone designproject in Spring 2020 were not permitted to access laboratory equipment on campus or travel tosponsor companies. Thus, they relied on computational tools to complete their projects.MethodsThis study surveyed students enrolled in a Materials Kinetics course in either Winter 2018 or2019. The new survey was distributed to the cohort in Spring 2021, nine to twenty-one monthsfollowing the expected graduation date (based on course timing
Conference Session
LEES 2: Stories of Intersectionality and Institutional Marginalization
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Victoria Siaumau, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Yumi Aguilar, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Jane Lehr, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lynne Slivovsky, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Emily Flores, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lauren Cooper, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
projects that provide virtual educational experiences for K-12 students on marine science. She loves to cook, ride her bike, and play with her dog. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Reimagining Methodologies: Why We Center Marginalized VoicesAbstractWe are a student, alum, and faculty research team seeking to reduce harm, be responsive to /mitigate / reduce trauma, and grow justice within engineering education pedagogy / practice,related research communities (including ASEE), and the broader world. We seek to utilizeresearch methodologies that align with these aspirations, goals, and commitments. However,many standard
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Elsa Gonzalez, University of Houston; Emma Perez, University of Houston
TAMU-Corpus Christi and Texas A&M University. She received her MBA from the National University of Mexico (UNAM), and a Ph.D. from Texas A&M University (College Station). Dr. Gonzalez has professional and academic leadership experience as bilingual scholar in higher education institutions in Mexico, Spain, USA, and China. In 2020, she was awarded from the National Science Foundation (NSF) – with a CAREER grant award for her project: CAREER: Broadening Participation in STEM: A Qualitative Analysis of Resilience Experiences and Strategies of Latina STEM Majors in HSIs. She is the author of the book "An Asset-Based Approach to Advancing Latina Students in STEM: Increasing Resilience, Participation, and Success
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Sarah Orton, University of Missouri - Columbia; Fan Yu, University of Missouri - Columbia; Johanna Milord; Lisa Flores, University of Missouri - Columbia; Rose Marra, University of Missouri - Columbia
Paper ID #38322The concerns and perceived challenges that students facedwhen traditional in-person engineering courses suddenlytransitioned to remote learningSarah Lynn Orton (Dr.) Dr. Orton is an associate professor in Civil Engineering and is an active member of the American Concrete Institute and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Dr. Orton also serves as the Director of Undergraduate Studies for the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Missouri. She has participated in several programs aimed at improving undergraduate education. Her research projects have involved the use of
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Robert Stwalley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Grace Baldwin; Virginia Booth-Womack, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Sarah Larose; Carol Stwalley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)
covered abouttwo thirds of their projected academic costs. Once on campus, the program attempted to create apositive, success-reinforcing community of students, similar to those found in minority advocacyorganizations and smaller engineering departments (Baldwin et al., 2021a). Students began theircollegiate STEM experience with a boot camp designed to emulate the expectations and work loadof the first-year engineering program at Purdue, in a consequence-free environment. During eachschool year, students were provided with a friendly, success-tools oriented seminar by one of theprogram’s investigators. Reflective writing exercises were emphasized to encourage writtencommunication skills and career focus (McCarthy, 2011; Bolton, 2006). Purdue has
Conference Session
Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 3
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Chelsea Linvill; Benjamin Michael Wallen P.E., United States Military Academy
included a project broken into threeparts, an exam, a lab, and a virtual field trip to a local wastewater treatment plant. The final andshortest block over five lessons covered air pollution control and only had a homeworkassignment as a major graded event. At the conclusion of the semester, all students were given afinal exam which was worth 20% of their overall grade in the course. This study first assessed the performance of students on all major graded events vs. theirchosen modality of attendance. The attendance for each lesson was recorded in an excel databaseby instructors after the conclusion of each lesson. Personally identifiable information was notrecorded and instead students were assigned a random number to attach their
Conference Session
Thinking Outside the STEM Box: Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division Technical Session 1
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Piyush Pradhananga; Mohamed Elzomor, Florida International University
Paper ID #36872Nurturing Social Sustainability Within our FutureWorkforcesPiyush Pradhananga Piyush Pradhananga is a Ph.D. Candidate in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Florida International University (FIU). Piyush holds a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Tribhuwan University (TU). Following his graduation in 2016, he joined a leading real estate corporation in Nepal as a site engineer working on a multi-million project. He later joined a research firm based in London where he worked as an Engineering Graduate Researcher. Piyush is currently a Graduate Research Assistant and Teaching Assistant at the Moss
Conference Session
Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Emma Treadway, Trinity University; Jessica Swenson, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Melissa Caserto, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
in the next question inorder to collect common words that students might want as part of the list in the future (“If youused [emotion not listed here] above, what word or phrase did you need?”). The final questionpresented to students is shown in Figure 1, with the emotions listed in the order shown. Figure 1: The pilot question as presented to students in the Qualtrics softwareData CollectionStudents from four classes at three universities were assigned OEMPs in their classes as part of alarger research project [1], [2], [17]. The scope and format of the OEMP(s) assigned in eachclass varied, as shown in Table 1 below.Table 1: Pilot survey question participation. Of 188 students who consented to the survey across
Conference Session
ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 2)
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Eleazar Marquez, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Samuel Garcia, NASA EPDC
two elements: 1) classroomenvironment, and 2) students being able to access campus resources such as study spaces, books,outdoor recreation programs, advising programs, computer labs, and internet services [11], [12],[13], [19].Though Problem-based learning (PBL) [17], Project-based learning [27], [28], and visual cuing[7], [8], [9], [10] are several effective pedagogical practices implemented in the classroom, themost impactful towards strengthening student learning, engagement, and success is classroomenvironment [5], [14], [15], [16], [17]. Studies reveal that the climate, tone, or ambience thatinfluences the setting minimizes classroom power relations, strengthens student-instructorcommunication, fosters an active learning environment
Conference Session
DEI and Other
Collection
ASEE Southeast Section Conference
Authors
Niloofar Kalantari, George Mason university; Sarah Wittman, George Mason University; Vivian Genaro Motti, George Mason University
Tagged Topics
Diversity, Professional Engineering Education Papers
Group.Prof. Vivian Genaro Motti, George Mason University Vivian Genaro Motti is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Information Sciences and Technology at George Mason University where she leads the Human-Centric Design Lab (HCD Lab). Her research focuses on Human Computer Interaction, Ubiquitous Computing, Wearable Health, and Usable Privacy. She is the principal investigator for a NIDILRR-funded project on assistive smartwatches for young adults in inclusive postsecondary education. Her research has been funded by NSF, TeachAccess, CCI, 4-VA, URSP. Before joining GMU, Dr. Motti was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Human Centered Com- puting division in the School of Computing - Clemson University. During