Conference Session

Preparing Engineering Students for International Practice

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Stanton, United States Military Academy; Eugene Ressler, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

International

cross walking techniques continue to help us make progress while providing us withthe flexibility to adapt to rapid changes in the volatile environment.Bibliography1. M. Bakia, “The Cost of Computers in Classrooms: Data from Developing Countries.” Mimeograph, Page 13.39.14Washington: The World Bank. 2000.2. E. Brewer, M. Demmer, B. Du, M. Ho, M. Kam, S. Nedevschi, J. Pal, R. Patra, S. Surana, K. Fall, “The Case forTechnology in Developing Regions,” IEEE Computer Society, June 2005.3. A. Cawthera, “Computers in Secondary Schools in Developing Countries: Costs and Other Issues” (2001)http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Pubs/files/computersinsecschoolsedpaper43

Conference Session

Mentoring Minorities: Effective Programs, Practices, and Perspectives

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert G. Ryan, California State University, Northridge; Nathan Durdella, California State University, Northridge; Teodoro Navarro

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.6. Patton, M.Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.7. Agresti, A., & Finlay, B. Statistical methods for the social sciences (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.8. Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (2005). How College Affects Students: A Third Decade of Research (2 ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Page 24.21.16

Conference Session

Web Systems and Web Services

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

John Gallagher

. (See the Appendix for an example controllerimplementation).7. Student SurveyOne of the primary goals of our class was to introduce students to the potential pitfalls faced wheninterfacing with hardware, via autonomous controller design and implementation. The design of aneffective and robust controller essentially involves two stages: a) develop an algorithm that can solve theproblem at hand, and b) augment this algorithm with “safety” checks that cope with sensor/effectornoise, and subroutines that either avoid or recover from potentially dangerous situations (e.g. gettingstuck against a wall). Even the simplest control problem posed to the students required them to dealwith the “imperfections” inherent in the hardware. For most students

Conference Session

Off the Beaten Path

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Summer Dann , Louisiana State University; Paige Davis, Louisiana State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

ratio one means a student successfully completes courses on thevery first attempt. It provides a comparison measure for those students repeating classes Page 25.732.13multiple times for earning a (D)FW where only grades of A,B or C are acceptable tomove on. Student grades were tracked through second calculus and the second physics –the engineering preparatory courses. Based on placement, students may take up to 4math classes in completing the first two years of the curriculum: college algebra, collegetrigonometry, a combined algebra/trigonometry course, calculus I and calculus III. Forphysics, students could start in either Physics 1100 or

Conference Session

Case Studies, Engineering Education and Outcome Assessment Around the Globe

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Todd, Brigham Young University; Randy Lewis, Brigham Young University; Jim Nelson, Brigham Young University; Brent Nelson, Brigham Young University; Michael Miles, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

International

. Page 15.77.16References1. Lynn, L. and Salzman, H. “The ‘New’ Globalization of Engineering: How the Offshoring of Advanced Engineering Affects Competitiveness and Development”, 21st European Group for Organizational Studies (EGOS) Colloquium: “Unlocking Organizations”, Berlin, June 2005.2. Newberry, B. “Engineering globalization: Oxymoron or opportunity?”, IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, Vol. 24, Issue 3, Fall 2005, 8-15.3. Lohmann, J.R., Rollins, H.A., and Hoey, J.J. “Defining, developing, and assessing global competence in engineers”, European Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 31, No. 1, March 2006, 119-131.4. Anderson, A. “Preparing engineering students to work in a global environment to co

Conference Session

Potpurri Design in Engineering Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert Todd; Spencer Magleby

Design Projects Addressed by Student Design Teams, Journalof Engineering Education, January, 2001, pp. 69-74.6 See reference #17 Miller, R. H. and B. M. Olds, A Model Curriculum for a Capstone Course in Multidisciplinary EngineeringDesign, Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 83, No. 4, 1994, pp. 311-316.8 Farr, John V., Marc A. Lee, Richard A. Metro and James P. Sutton, Using a Systematic Engineering DesignProcess to Conduct Undergraduate Engineering Management Capstone Processes, Journal of EngineeringEducation, April, 2001, pp. 193-197. Page 9.350.16 Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education

Conference Session

Design Through the Curriculum

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Chris Kobus

Session 2366 A Unique Leak Detection Precursor Capstone Design Project for a Hands-On Senior-Level Design Experience Christopher J. Kobus Department of Mechanical Engineering Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309AbstractThis paper describes a design project for the senior level Fluid and Thermal System Designcourse, which is a precursor to the Capstone Design Project at Oakland University. The Fluidand Thermal System Design course is geared to taking students through the entire taxonomy ofthe design process; from knowledge

Conference Session

Teaching Teaming Skills Through Design

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

William Ziegler

Session 2525 Teaching and Assessing Teamwork: Including a Method (That Works) to Determine Individual Contributions to a Team William L. Ziegler Associate Professor Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science Binghamton University State University of New York Binghamton, NY 13902-6000Abstract:Implementing teamwork has historically been difficult to achieve in an educational setting andhence has

Conference Session

FPD III: Innovation in Design in the First Year

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Lau, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Tara Lynn Sulewski, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

AC 2012-2991: DESIGN OF A ZERO ENERGY HOME AS A FIRST-YEARDESIGN PROJECTProf. Andrew Lau, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Andrew (Andy) S. Lau is Associate Professor of engineering and Coordinator of first-year seminars for the Penn State College of Engineering. Lau is a 1977 graduate of Penn State with a B.S.M.E. and was a Research Fellow and 1983 graduate of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, with an M.S.M.E. He has worked since 1977 as an engineer in the areas of solar energy applications in buildings, simulation of building energy use, and general consulting in the energy field. Most recently, his work has involved green buildings, engineering ethics, and sustainable design. He is a licensed

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Student-Centered Approaches in Design Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noel Hennessey, The University of Arizona; Dean Papajohn; Tyler Jean Le Peau, The University of Arizona

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

-530.[6] Cuellar, M. G., Segundo, V., & Muñoz, Y. (2017). Assessing Empowerment at HSIs: AnAdapted Inputs-Environments-Outcomes Model. AMAE Journal, 11(3).[7] Strayhorn, T.L., College students' sense of belonging: A key to educational success for allstudents. 2018: Routledge.[8] Carlone, H. B., & Johnson, A. (2007). Understanding the science experiences of successfulwomen of color: Science identity as an analytic lens. Journal of Research in Science Teaching:The Official Journal of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, 44(8), 1187-1218.[9] Godwin, A. (2016, January). The development of a measure of engineering identity. In ASEEAnnual Conference & Exposition.[10] Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and

Conference Session

Innovative Curriculum In Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Derek M. Yip-Hoi, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

3 7 ETEC 420 Manufacturing Automation and Robotics 4 8 ETEC 425 Machine Design 4 9 ETEC 428 Advanced Manufacturing Lab 3 10 ETEC 429 Directed Research in Manufacturing 3 11 ETEC 426 Advanced CNC (additional versions) 3 a. Surfacing and Contours b. Mill/Turn c. Hi-Speed Machining Draft d. EDM 2

Conference Session

Track 3 - Session 2 - Faculty Development

Collection

2012 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Prasad Edamana, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT M), India; Ajit Kumar Kolar, Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Pramod S. Mehta, Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Sujatha Srinivasan, Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Jefferey E. Froyd, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Track 3 - Faculty Development

conversation to talk about observations andideas based on the video. This was highly appreciated by the participants.Data Acquisition and AnalysisIn order to analyze the impact of the various FDPs conducted in association with Texas A&M,feedback from the ninety participants of the FDPs was requested to have a database to facilitatefuture activities. One-fifth of the FDP participants responded to the questionnaire that asked:(a) To what extent had participants incorporated learning outcomes for their courses and reflections about applying learning outcomes in teaching–learning processes?(b) To what extent had participants incorporated ‘active and cooperative learning methodologies’ and reflections on its application?(c) To what extent had

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Poster

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Yann-Hang Lee; Sethuraman Panchanathan; Gerald Gannod; Forouzan Golshani; David Pheanis; Ben Huey

Session 1532 A Consortium-based Model for the Development of a Concentration Track in Embedded Systems1 Gerald C. Gannod2, Forouzan Golshani, Ben Huey, Yann-Hang Lee, Sethuraman Panchanathan and David Pheanis Department of Computer Science & Engineering Arizona State University Box 875406 Tempe, AZ 85287-5406 {gannod, golshani, huey, yhlee, panch, pheanis}@asu.edu

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development for K-12 Teac

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Morgan, Texas A&M University; Luciana Barroso, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

for Students Placed atRisk, 3(4), 337-361.10. Lankford, H., Loeb, S., & Wyckoff, J. (2002). “Teacher sorting and the plight of urban schools: A descriptiveanalysis.” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 24(1), pp. 37-62.11. Raudenbush, S. W., Rowan, B., & Cheong, Y. F. (1992). “Contextual effects on the self-perceived efficacy ofhigh school teachers.” Sociology of Education, 65(2), pp. 150-167.12. Haveman, R., Wolfe, B., & Spaulding, J. (1991). Childhood events and circumstances influencing high schoolcompletion. Demography, 28(1), 133-157.13. Jencks, C. & Peterson, P. E. (1991). The urban underclass. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution.14. Noddings, N. (1992). The challenge to care in schools: An alternative

Collection

2022 ASEE - North Central Section Conference

Authors

Laurene Sweet, LeafBridge of UCP Cleveland; Alisa Jones, UCP of Greater Cleveland-LeafBridge Alternative Education Program; Colin K Drummond, Case Western Reserve University

, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2017.06.005.[3] S. Root-Elledge et al., “The echo model® for enhancing assistive technology implementation in schools,” Assist. Technol. Outcomes Benefits, vol. 12, pp. 37–55, Jul. 2018.[4] B. S. Hoppestad, “Inadequacies in computer access using assistive technology devices in profoundly disabled individuals: An overview of the current literature,” Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 189– 199, Jan. 2007, doi: 10.1080/17483100701249540.[5] C. Ward-Sutton, N. F. Williams, C. L. Moore, and E. O. Manyibe, “Assistive Technology Access and Usage Barriers Among African Americans With Disabilities: A Review of the Literature and Policy,” J. Appl. Rehabil. Couns., vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 115

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Geoffrey Recktenwald, Michigan State University; Danny Rubin, Rubin

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

list of assignments (Appendix A) and content map (Appendix B) were created tohelp faculty see how the material was used in other classes and ensure that courses had minimaloverlap in reading assignments.The ImplementationThe communications curriculum was initially developed and tested in a sophomore levelmechanics course, ME222. This course was identified as a good starting point because it is oneof the first engineering courses taken by Mechanical Engineers at Michigan State University.This is the first place that the Mechanical Engineering department can create a student culture ofvaluing professional communication. Additionally, at Michigan State University, the sophomoreyear is often a year where students receive little or no writing or

Collection

2018 ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Vasudeva Rao Aravind, Clarion University; Marcella Kay McConnell, Clarion University of Pennsylvania

. & Koedinger, K. R. An effective metacognitive strategy: Learning by doing and explaining with a computer-based Cognitive Tutor. Cogn. Sci. 26, 147–179 (2002).11. Olsen, J. K. et al. Authoring collaborative intelligent tutoring systems. CEUR Workshop Proc. 1009, 1–10 2018 ASEE Mid-Atlantic Spring Conference, April 6-7, 2018 – University of the District of Columbia (2013).12. Woolf, B. & McDonald, D. D. BUILDING A COMPUTER TUTOR: DESIGN ISSUES. Computer (Long. Beach. Calif). 17, (1984).13. Arroyo, I. et al. A multimedia adaptive tutoring system for mathematics that addresses cognition, metacognition and affect. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 24, 387–426 (2014).14. Blair-Early, A. &

Conference Session

Applying What We Teach to IE Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence Whitman, Wichita State University; Janet Twomey, Wichita State University; Barbara Chaparro, Wichita State University; Veronica Hinkle, Wichita State University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

do, inorder. Think in terms of what you have learned (or will learn) in this class.” There was onemultiple choice question concerning perceived impact of production decisions on theenvironment and the student was then asked their confidence about their response to thatquestion. This set of questions is shown in figure 2. How easily/compatible are environmental (green) issues with production systems? a. very compatible b. compatible c. not compatible d. not at all compatible What is the impact of waste in a production system on the environment? How confident are you about answering the previous questions correctly? a) I feel very confident I answered everything correctly b) I feel somewhat confident that

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Design in the Classroom

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Taskin Padir, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

will be discussed.FunctionalityThe system through its camera recognizes a variety of medicine boxes (products) randomlycirculating on the conveyor belt. There are two modes of operation. In the automatic mode, thesystem completes one of the preprogrammed orders that is stored within the human-machineinterface (HMI) unit. An order contains the quantity and type information for the products in theorder. For example, 1: Box A, 1: Box B, 3: Box C make up an order. In the manual mode, HMIwaits for a user-input. User can specify the order through an interactive menu systemprogrammed in the HMI.The system will complete an order by inspecting the products circulating on the conveyor beltwhile robot arm and its camera are stationary at a pre-specified

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experiences

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Soumya Srivastava, Mississippi State University; Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University; Anurag Srivastava, Mississippi State University; Noel Schulz, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

. She recently won an award for maximum number of publications in a year from chemical engineering department at MSU. She is associated with Medical Micro Device Engineering Laboratory (M.D.-ERL) at MSU working under Dr. Adrienne Minerick. Soumya is been an active member of AIChE, AES, ASEE, SWE and Sigma-Xi.Anurag Srivastava, Mississippi State University Anurag K. Srivastava received his Ph.D. degree from Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago, in 2005, M. Tech. from Institute of Technology, India in 1999 and B. Tech. in Electrical Engineering from Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, India in 1997. He is working as Assistant Research Professor at Mississippi State University since

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Ratan Kumar; Phillip R. Foster; George W. Watt

activity can be summarized as follows:I . Scope of the project: a) design and manufacture “dogbone” tensile specimen for Arburginjection molding machine, b) use the existing runner system for compatibility between molds, c)the design should include cooling lines as they exist and the injector plate that is universalbetween the molds.II. Design Issues: a) a two mold cavity with truncated gating system, b) test specimens designedaround ASTM and ISO standards and c) the mold cavity and runner system should be free of allpossible voids. Page 2.8.4III. Mold manufacturing process: It involved a host of activities like a) drawings using AutoCadR12 to show

Conference Session

FPD5 -- Placement & Early Success

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mukul Shirvaikar, University of Texas-Tyler; Ron Pieper, University of Texas-Tyler; David Beams, University of Texas-Tyler

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Circuits Analysis I 3ENGR 2301 Statics 3 EENG 3104 Linear Circuits Anal. I Lab 1 Total 17 Total 16 Page 11.265.6For the fall semester, the emphasized courses were Chemistry I, Physics II, Calculus I,Multivariate Calculus, Programming for Engineers and Statics. Tutors in these areas were soughtvia teacher recommendations, Dean’s List, and word-of mouth. Several applications werereceived. Only those students with grades of A in the subjects they were willing to tutor wereconsidered, except applicants who had earned grades of B

Conference Session

ECE Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erik Peterson, University of Cincinnati; Ian Papautsky, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

) Young’s Modulus, (b) Toughness, (c) Total stress. Page 11.7.5 4. List four actuation methods that you can use for actuating a membrane pump in a BioMEMS device. 5. What is a reference electrode? List two materials commonly used as reference electrodes in electrochemical sensors.Course EvaluationsImportant questions we wanted to answer were: How does student performance this yearcompare with the last year? Did quizzes have an effect on student performance? To attempt toanswer these questions, we examined student grades and on the last day of class asked studentsto respond to a number of open ended questions in an anonymous course

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: RED 2 / Civil Eng

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Madeline Polmear, University of Florida; Denise Rutledge Simmons P.E., University of Florida

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

] National Science Board. Revisiting the STEM Workforce. National Science Foundation. 2015.[8] National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, “Developing a National STEM Workforce Strategy,” Jul. 2016.[9] American Society of Civil Engineers, “The Vision for Civil Engineering in 2025,” American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007.[10] M. D. Kirschenman and B. Brenner, “Civil Engineering Design as the Central Theme in Civil Engineering Education Curriculum,” Leadership and Management in Engineering, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 69–71, 2011.[11] D. B. Knight and B. J. Novoselich, “Curricular and Co-curricular Influences on Undergraduate Engineering Student Leadership,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 44–70

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division: Capstone Design Projects

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yupeng Luo, California State University, Fresno; Silvana Polgar, California State University, Fresno; Wei Wu, California State University, Fresno

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

survey was conducted at the end of the project to evaluate how well the overall team project was designed to facilitate learning engagement and students’ attainment of knowledge and skills. All four CM students completed the survey. Figures 2 and 3 below summarize the results from two of the survey questions. It appears that everyone on the team acknowledged the capstone team project placed a strong focus on “B. Addressing authentic needs and generating real impacts on society and community”, “C. Encouraging sustained inquiry via an active, in-depth process that involved real-world, field-based interaction with experts, service providers and users”, “E. Encouraging student reflection on the content knowledge and

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Division Poster Session

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ranjeet Agarwala, East Carolina University; Robert A. Chin, East Carolina University; Daniel P. Zuberbier, East Carolina University; Mark McKinley Sanders, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Matias, E., & Rao, B. (2015). 3D printing: On its historical evolution and the implications for business. In Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 2015 Portland International Conference on (pp. 551-558). IEEE.3. Savini, A., & Savini, G. G. (2015) A short history of 3D printing, a technological revolution just started. In History of High-Technologies and their Socio-Cultural Contexts Conference (HISTELCON), 2015 ICOHTEC/IEEE International (pp. 1-8). IEEE.4. Reeves, P., & Mendis, D. (2015). The Current Status and Impact of 3D Printing Within the Industrial Sector: An Analysis of Six Case Studies.5. Kulkarni, A., & Bhargava, M. R. (2015). 3D Printing. International Journal of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Q. Peter He, Tuskegee University; Jin Wang, Auburn University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

papers, over 20 conference proceedings, and two book chapters. He was the 2009 recipient of the Outstanding Faculty Performance Award in Research from Tuskegee University.Dr. Jin Wang, Auburn University Dr. Jin Wang is B. Redd Associate Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Auburn University. She obtained her BS and PhD degrees in chemical engineering (specialized in biochemical engineering) from Tsinghua University in 1994, and 1999 respectively. She then obtained a PhD degree (specialized in control engineering) from the University of Texas at Austin in 2004. From 2002 to 2006 she was a development engineer and senior development engineer at Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Dur- ing her tenure at

Conference Session

Analysis of Effectiveness and Impacts of Graduate Programs: Graduate Studies Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sriram Sundararajan, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

the outcomes demonstrated by students viathe evaluative components, grades were assigned ranging from A (attainment of all outcomes ata proficient level) to B- (attainment of 1 outcome at a proficient level).Student ProjectsThroughout the course, students were asked to maintain and continuously update a coursejournal. This journal consisted of entries similar to a diary in which students would reflect uponthe broader impacts topic being discussed and record their level of personal interest andalignment of personal values with the goals and impact of that specific broader impacts (BI)activity. The intent here was for the students to identify an area of BI activity that aligned withtheir interests and motivations right from the beginning

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Linda Vanasupa, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Rishi Kripalani

Tagged Divisions

Materials

microliters (𝜇L), of aqueous analytethrough the hydrophilic (non-wax) channels through capillary action (Figure 1d). The analytecan be thus “pumped” toward regions with pre-deposited reagents, providing a chemical sensingplatform that can be customized for the analyte. The analyte can be qualitatively or quantitativelycharacterized through color of the reaction product or other means, such as sensing current froman electrochemical reaction (Li, Ballerini & Shen, 2012). This technology platform has thepotential to serve as an ultra-low cost sensor for disease vectors or toxins; upon completion ofthe test, the paper device, typically on the order of cm2 area, can be burned to eliminatehazardous waste. a b c

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

Xiumin Diao; Jin Hu; Yuxin Liang

manufacturing. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration Copyright ©2018, American Society for Engineering Education Session ETD 406Bibliography[1] Robotics; an internet for robots. (2013). Telecommunications Weekly, 886.[2] International Federation of Robotics, Retrieved from http://www.ifr.org.[3] Esmaeilian B, Behdad S, Wang B. (2016). The evolution and future of manufacturing: a review. J Manuf Syst;39:79–100.[4] Paris, H., & Mandil, G. (2017). Process planning for combined additive and subtractive manufacturingtechnologies in a remanufacturing context. Journal of Manufacturing