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Demonstrating Motor Control using NMOS Exclusive H-Bridge Design

Marcus J. Soule (email:Marcus_Soule@umit.maine.edu) Dr. Bruce E. Segee (email:segee@eece.maine.edu)

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Instrumentation Research Laboratory University of Maine. Orono

Abstract

Delivering power to high voltage devices is a common requirement in an industrial setting. It is often required to be able to source current in two directions from the same supply. It is common to implement an H-bridge to supply power to these devices. An H-Bridge is a device with four switching elements that resembles a capital H. These devices are commonly configured with four transistors at the "tips" of the H and the load connected in the center of the horizontal "rung" of the "H." Depending on which of the four transistors is "on," current can be supplied to load in two different directions. This makes the H- Bridge a very useful tool in Industrial Settings.

In addition to being able to handle the high amount of current, ideally the H- Bridge transistors should have as little impedance as possible and as high a switching speed as possible. Based on these requirements N-type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (NMOS) have a lower "on" resistance than P-type Metal Oxide Supplement Field Effect Transistors (PMOS) and thus are ideally suited for H-Bridge applications. Because NMOS devices require a voltage higher than that of the supply voltage, most H Bridge chips contain high side driver circuitry that is transparent to the user.

As an educational project the design of an NMOS exclusive H-Bridge was undertaken. This will implement simple circuitry and consist of common, easily obtainable components. This paper will demonstrate the design of the H Bridge and high side driver and will discuss, in depth, component choice, design considerations, and effectiveness of this particular circuit.

1. Introduction

Often in an industrial environment power must be delivered to high voltage devices. This may include as simple a task as turning on and shutting off power to the load, but may also require bi-directional control of power through the load. For this task an H-Bridge is often the desired solution. An H-Bridge is a circuit that contains four switches, in this case, transistors, which are arrange in the general shape of an “H” and can control current through the load. A basic H-Bridge circuit diagram is shown in Figure 1.

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Soule, M., & Segee, B. (2003, June), Demonstrating Motor Control Using Nmos Exclusive H Bridge Design Paper presented at 2003 Annual Conference, Nashville, Tennessee. 10.18260/1-2--12039