Emami, T., & Perez, M., & Rogers, P., & Buchert, J., & Sullivan, D. (2022, August), Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery System  Paper presented at 2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Minneapolis, MN. 10.18260/1-2--40593

\bibitem{asee_peer_40593}
  Emami, T., \& Perez, M., \& Rogers, P., \& Buchert, J., \& Sullivan, D. (2022, August), \emph{Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery System}
  Paper presented at 2022 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition, Minneapolis, MN.
  10.18260/1-2--40593

Tooran Emami, Magdalena Perez, Philip Rogers, John Buchert, and Daniel Sullivan.  "Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery System".  2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Minneapolis, MN, 2022, August.  ASEE Conferences, 2022.  https://peer.asee.org/40593 Internet.  23 Apr, 2024

\bibitem{asee_peer_40593}
  Tooran Emami, Magdalena Perez, Philip Rogers, John Buchert, and Daniel Sullivan.
  "Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery System".
  \emph{2022 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition, Minneapolis, MN, 2022, August}.
  ASEE Conferences, 2022.
  https://peer.asee.org/40593 Internet.  23 Apr, 2024

@INPROCEEDINGS{asee_peer_40593
author = "Tooran Emami, Magdalena Perez, Philip Rogers, John Buchert, and Daniel Sullivan"
title = "Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery System"
booktitle = "2022 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition"
year = "2022"
month = "August"
address = "Minneapolis, MN"
publisher = "ASEE Conferences"
note = {https://peer.asee.org/40593}
number = {10.18260/1-2--40593}
}

TY  - CPAPER
AB  - This paper presents the design of a hybrid hydrogen fuel cell and battery sources to power a commercial electric scooter system. A team of four undergraduate electrical engineering students from the United States Coast Guard Academy undertaking this project aims to design a high-efficiency hybrid power management system (PMS) for a hydrogen fuel cell and a battery. The battery is an AA pack battery, while the hydrogen fuel cell has a flow rate of 0.4 – 0.6 bar. The logic of the PMS is self-contained and automatic, utilizing the output variables measured by sensors to switch between the two sources for the optimal system design. The state machine controller takes three inputs from the user's demanded speed, braking, and the battery's state of charge- to logically determine the status of the fuel cell, battery, and engine. The controller completes this via two central states and multiple substates to dictate how the motor and power sources respond to varying situations. The states include stages like braking, acceleration, and cruise, switching the system components on or off accordingly. The state machine model is implemented in the hardware through Arduino coding. 

This paper covers the first part of a two-stage project. This first section revolves around simulation and design for the PMS. During this phase, the PMS is broken up into three main subsystems: the battery with the load, the fuel source with the load, and the proposed hybrid combination of the fuel cell and battery connected to the load. Each simulation of the subsystems exposes their strengths and weaknesses while also illustrating the design to combine their components. The project's next stage will continue to create, modify, and evaluate a full-scale hybrid scooter system.

AU  - Tooran Emami
AU  - Magdalena Perez
AU  - Philip Rogers
AU  - John Buchert
AU  - Daniel Sullivan
CY  - Minneapolis, MN
DA  - 2022/08/23
PB  - ASEE Conferences
TI  - Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery System
UR  - https://peer.asee.org/40593
DO  - 10.18260/1-2--40593
ER  -