Tang, H., & Qian, Y. (2025, June), “I felt like an engineer”: Exploring the impact of 3D printing sessions on rural high school students’ engineering self-efficacy   Paper presented at 2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition , Montreal, Quebec, Canada . https://peer.asee.org/55316

\bibitem{asee_peer_55316}
  Tang, H., \& Qian, Y. (2025, June), \emph{“I felt like an engineer”: Exploring the impact of 3D printing sessions on rural high school students’ engineering self-efficacy }
  Paper presented at 2025 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition , Montreal, Quebec, Canada .
  https://peer.asee.org/55316

Hengtao Tang and Yingxiao Qian.  "“I felt like an engineer”: Exploring the impact of 3D printing sessions on rural high school students’ engineering self-efficacy ".  2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition , Montreal, Quebec, Canada , 2025, June.  ASEE Conferences, 2025.  https://peer.asee.org/55316 Internet.  19 Aug, 2025

\bibitem{asee_peer_55316}
  Hengtao Tang and Yingxiao Qian.
  "“I felt like an engineer”: Exploring the impact of 3D printing sessions on rural high school students’ engineering self-efficacy ".
  \emph{2025 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition , Montreal, Quebec, Canada , 2025, June}.
  ASEE Conferences, 2025.
  https://peer.asee.org/55316 Internet.  19 Aug, 2025

@INPROCEEDINGS{asee_peer_55316
author = "Hengtao Tang and Yingxiao Qian"
title = "“I felt like an engineer”: Exploring the impact of 3D printing sessions on rural high school students’ engineering self-efficacy "
booktitle = "2025 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition "
year = "2025"
month = "June"
address = "Montreal, Quebec, Canada "
publisher = "ASEE Conferences"
note = {https://peer.asee.org/55316}
}

TY  - CPAPER
AB  - This study explored the impact of a 3D printing program on enhancing engineering self-efficacy among students at a rural high school. Engineering self-efficacy, or a student's belief in their ability to succeed in engineering tasks, is a crucial predictor of whether students, particularly those from underrepresented groups, remain engaged in engineering education or pursue engineering as a college major. This is especially critical in rural settings, where access to resources and STEM opportunities may be limited. To address this, the study integrated a 3D printing curriculum designed to engage students in hands-on design thinking activities, allowing them to create and develop their own prototypes.
The research employed a one-group pre- and post-test design using a modified version of Mamaril et al.'s (2016) engineering self-efficacy survey. Students' self-efficacy levels were assessed before and after their participation in the 3D printing activities to measure the effectiveness of the intervention. The results demonstrated a significant increase in students' engineering self-efficacy after participating in the 3D printing program. This increase suggests that hands-on, design-centered activities, such as those involving 3D printing, have the potential to build confidence and skills among rural students in the field of engineering.
The findings of this study underscore the value of incorporating 3D printing and similar technological innovations into educational settings, particularly for students in rural areas. By fostering engineering self-efficacy, these programs can contribute to broadening participation in engineering fields, helping students from underrepresented groups see themselves as capable engineers. This study highlights the need for continued research and development of STEM programs that provide rural students with opportunities to engage in creative problem-solving and hands-on engineering activities, which may positively influence their educational and career trajectories in STEM fields.

AU  - Hengtao Tang
AU  - Yingxiao Qian
CY  - Montreal, Quebec, Canada 
DA  - 2025/06/22
PB  - ASEE Conferences
TI  - “I felt like an engineer”: Exploring the impact of 3D printing sessions on rural high school students’ engineering self-efficacy 
UR  - https://peer.asee.org/55316
ER  -