Rowley, K. H., & Stillmaker, K., & Stillmaker, A., & Garza, H., & Zuniga, E., & Oka, L. G. (2024, June), Investigating the Participation and Belongingness of Women in Engineering through Cultural Comparisons  Paper presented at 2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Portland, Oregon. 10.18260/1-2--47701

\bibitem{asee_peer_47701}
  Rowley, K. H., \& Stillmaker, K., \& Stillmaker, A., \& Garza, H., \& Zuniga, E., \& Oka, L. G. (2024, June), \emph{Investigating the Participation and Belongingness of Women in Engineering through Cultural Comparisons}
  Paper presented at 2024 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition, Portland, Oregon.
  10.18260/1-2--47701

Katlin Hart Rowley, Kimberly Stillmaker PE, Aaron Stillmaker, Hayley Garza, Edgar Zuniga, and Lalita G Oka.  "Investigating the Participation and Belongingness of Women in Engineering through Cultural Comparisons".  2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Portland, Oregon, 2024, June.  ASEE Conferences, 2024.  https://peer.asee.org/47701 Internet.  12 Jan, 2025

\bibitem{asee_peer_47701}
  Katlin Hart Rowley, Kimberly Stillmaker PE, Aaron Stillmaker, Hayley Garza, Edgar Zuniga, and Lalita G Oka.
  "Investigating the Participation and Belongingness of Women in Engineering through Cultural Comparisons".
  \emph{2024 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition, Portland, Oregon, 2024, June}.
  ASEE Conferences, 2024.
  https://peer.asee.org/47701 Internet.  12 Jan, 2025

@INPROCEEDINGS{asee_peer_47701
author = "Katlin Hart Rowley, Kimberly Stillmaker PE, Aaron Stillmaker, Hayley Garza, Edgar Zuniga, and Lalita G Oka"
title = "Investigating the Participation and Belongingness of Women in Engineering through Cultural Comparisons"
booktitle = "2024 ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition"
year = "2024"
month = "June"
address = "Portland, Oregon"
publisher = "ASEE Conferences"
note = {https://peer.asee.org/47701}
number = {10.18260/1-2--47701}
}

TY  - CPAPER
AB  - The severe under-representation of women in the engineering profession observed in the United States is not consistent around the world. Significant variations in women’s participation in engineering among countries imply a cultural effect. This study demonstrates an inverse relationship between a culture’s Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension of Masculinity and women’s participation in engineering. Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension of Masculinity was applied to US subcultures to better understand the role of US subcultures on women’s representation in engineering degree programs.  This study also compared perceptions held by engineering and health and human services students regarding relative suitability of people of their gender for careers in their fields, relative difficulty associated with working in their profession for people of their gender, and gender biases in their discipline as well as student’s sense of belonging in their discipline. The analysis used survey data collected from 613 students in the college of engineering and the college of health and human services at California State University, Fresno, a Hispanic Serving Institution. Differences in perceptions of gender-based suitability and levels of belongingness were observed between ethnic groups. A relationship between perceiving women to be less suitable for engineering and perceptions of increased difficulty for women in engineering was also observed. 
AU  - Katlin Hart Rowley
AU  - Kimberly Stillmaker PE
AU  - Aaron Stillmaker
AU  - Hayley Garza
AU  - Edgar Zuniga
AU  - Lalita G Oka
CY  - Portland, Oregon
DA  - 2024/06/23
PB  - ASEE Conferences
TI  - Investigating the Participation and Belongingness of Women in Engineering through Cultural Comparisons
UR  - https://peer.asee.org/47701
DO  - 10.18260/1-2--47701
ER  -