AC 2008-448: TEACHING BLACK-BOX TESTING TECHNIQUES THROUGHSPECIFICATION PATTERNSSalamah Salamah, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona BeachAnn Gates, University Of Texas - El Paso Page 13.1149.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Using Specification Patterns to Teach Black-Box Testing Ann Q. Gates Computer Science Dept., University of Texas at El Paso. Salamah Salamah Computer and Software Engineering Dept., Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. Abstract Software verification is one of the most
( ) (1) n xnwhere f is known as the logarithmic decrement. The damping ratio can be obtained by using thefollowing equation3: f / 2r |= (2) 1 - (f / 2r) 2 The equation of motion of a structural system in modal coordinates can be written asfollows: q n + 2| n yn q% n + y2n q n = 0 %% (3)where yn and | n are natural frequency and damping ratio of the nth mode, respectively; qn,q% n and %q%n represent modal displacement, velocity and acceleration, respectively
solver windowOne Dimensional Heat Conduction in FinsHeat transfer analysis of heat conduction in straight fins of uniform cross-sectional area isincluded in heat transfer text books. The analysis results in formulas for temperaturedistribution, the rate of heat exchange with the surrounding environment, and the fin efficiency.Boundary conditions used in the analysis will influence the resulting equations. For example, foran infinitely long fin of a uniform cross-sectional area the temperature distribution and heattransfer are given by the following equations. T − T∞ θ= = e − mx To − T∞ (1) q = hPkA(T − To
instructor's knowledge of the subjectQ1_12 course is informative and usefulQ1_13 course is interestingQ1_14 class experienceTable 2. Matched categories of factors for Q1. Responses to Question1 10 9 8 7 responses 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Q 0 Q 1 Q 2 Q 3
Disagree (SD); Not Applicable (N/A) Excellent (E); Good (G); Adequate (A); Poor (P); Very Poor (VP); Not Applicable (NA)Q-1 Do you feel that the integrated lecture lab style was effectively used by the instructorQ-2 Do you feel that the use of the lecture lab technique increases student participation and improve student learning in this Materials Course?Q-3 In the future, this course should structure with separate lecture/lab format?Q-4 Did the tours advanced my learning in the materials?Q-5 Did the lab reports improve your learning in this course?Q-6 Did newly designed rubric help you in preparing the lab reports?Q-7 Were the teaching materials (class/lab notes, CD, Web Based interactive
Fuel Cell Page 13.271.13Example Problem Statement: In this example we will apply principles of microscopicenergy balances to the design of a fuel cell system. For simplicity, we will consider therectangular geometry shown below, which describes flow over and heat conductionthrough a solid plate, with a heat source (due to reaction). Flow, Solid, Insulated h, T k, q Boundary xThe governing equation describing the thermal energy conservation equation is given by: d 2T k = −q (1
n e i g h t ✓ q u e s t i
2 ρ 2where Pi is the pressure, Vi is the velocity, αi is the kinetic energy correction factor and Zi is theelevation at point i, ρ is the density, g is acceleration due to gravity, WP is the pump work, hfp isthe frictional losses associated with the pump, and hf are the frictional losses due to skin friction,sudden contractions and expansions, and pipe fittings. Students don’t readily connect equation(1) with the energy balance they see in thermodynamics. They are most familiar with the energybalance for a single input, single output system operating at steady state in the form [Smith et al.,2005] ∆H + ∆KE + ∆PE = Q + W (2)where H is enthalpy, KE
principle. To do so let Brepresent entropy. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy can be created withinthe control volume by dissipative processes such as friction. Entropy can cross the controlsurface by convection or without bulk motion as a consequence of heat. The terms of the generalbalance principle applied to entropy are the following. $ $ ? D $ ? / t s V © dA, $ ? / q © dA BCV ? Ð t s dV, B- Ð dV, Bc Ð r Bnc Ð (11) CV CV T CS CS T $ is the dissipation rate, T is the absolute temperature, and q isHere s is the entropy
-equilibrium equation of the link about its other end. E In the hypothetical sub-mechanism, Figure 3, this means that B j is determined from the moment-equilibrium equation of link i about H E E E E ÂM js h ? Ri · B j - Rgi · fi - qi ? Ri e jsi · B j e j - Rgi e jsi · fi e ji i - q i ? Ri B j sin*s j / s i + - Rgi f i sin*i i / s i + - q i ? 0 (15) Therefore Page 13.101.8
H 2 (s) k2 G p ( s) ? ? q( s) (1 - sT1 )(1 - sT2 ) (1)where H2(s) is tank 2 level, q(s) is the flow rate into tank 1 (or the input flow), and the timeconstants T1 and T2 are related to k1, k2, and A by: A2 A(2k1 - k 2 ) T1T2 ? and T1 - T2
) and D is the pump/motordisplacement per radian. (In practice, the pressure in the reservoir is significantly less than thatin the accumulator, so we set Fp = paccumulator = p.) The volumetric flowrate through thepump/motor is Q = y h D.The pump/motor performance is linked to the accumulator thermodynamics through the energyequation relating the time rate of change of internal energy of the accumulator gas to the rate at dT dVwhich work is done by the gas: mcv ? /p . Here, m is the gas mass, cv is the constant- dt dtvolume specific heat for the gas, p is the gas pressure, and V is the gas volume. This equationassumes adiabatic behavior. In many
Infiltration and Total Heat Losses Infiltration Heat Loss Total Heat Loss Month Qinf (BTU/month) Month Q (BTU/month) Jan. 7.668E+06 Jan. 2.079E+07 Feb. 6.557E+06 Feb. 1.785E+07 Mar. 5.441E+06 Mar. 1.517E+07 Apr. 3.110E+06 Apr. 9.300E+06 May. 9.116E+05 May. 3.926E+06 Jun. 0 Jun. 0 Jul. 0 Jul. 0
whereadded to the robot’s repertoire as new problems required them (e.g., count the number of facecards in the deck) but the basic pick up from the top, put back on the top was not changed. It wasin this manner that counters, conditionals, and loops were introduced. The syntax of thecommands was agreed upon by the students and the only requirements were that the commandsmust be elementary and non-ambiguous. The students were presented with problems that couldnot be solved using a single S robot and asked to find the minimum number of such machinesthat were required to solve the problem. Then Q robots were introduced – pick from front ofdeck, put down at end of deck. More complicated problems were assigned and the groupspresented a variety of
polymer with gas absorption properties. Any absorption of gas by the polymer will increase the mass of the system, and therefore, lower the frequency of its resonance. Utilizing polymers with gas specific qualities, it is possible tocalibrate the MEMS resonator for gas detection purposes such that the concentrations can bedetermined. The process of absorption is a temperature dependent reaction, therefore control ormonitoring of the device temperature is important.For the gas sensing to be effective, the resonance should be well defined with a high “QualityFactor, Q” at atmospheric pressure. “Quality Factor” is defined as the ratio of the
population. Each home is custom designedfor the original buyer, and upon it’s sale can easily be modified to fit the next client.The capstone design students had the opportunity to conduct an in home interview and tour withone of the residents of this neighborhood Mr.(insert interviewee name here), as well as use thesite plans to select vacant out-lots to begin their residential design. Some of the Q&A commentsfrom the interview that stood out and had a large impact on the design results were;Q: What was of the largest adjustments you had to make when moving from your previousresidents into this type of living environment?A: “As many of my neighbors have shared with me we all moved from much larger homes, sostorage was a high priority. We all
) coupler link; frame link B) ground link; frame link C) ground link; coupler link D) coupler link; side link7. Omitted8. Grashof’s Criterion is ___________ when S is the length of shortest link, L is the length of longest link, and P and Q are lengths of the intermediate links. A) (S + L) - (P + Q) B) S + L ≤ P + Q C) (S +L)² - (P + Q)² D) S² + L² ≤ P² + Q² Page 13.393.129. Some four-bar linkages have dead points (or toggle points), which occur when two moveable links ___________. A) create a 45˚ angle B) create a 90˚ angle C) line up D) move continuouslyElectrical Engineering10. The
language of their choice. Table 1 Single Byte Channel 1 Commands ASCII Hex Value Description Return/Comments 1 0x31 Dig Out - High Nothing returned Q 0x51 Dig Out - Low Nothing returned A 0x41 Digital input Return 0 or 1 Z 0x5A Analog in Return measured voltage 9 0x39 Temperature Return current temperatureThe temperature data acquisition lab can be set-up by interfacing up to eight DS18B20 digitaltemperature sensors connected to the DLP-IO8 module for logging the temperature data. Twopairs of wires in the Cat 5
sets (H), quizzes (Q),laboratory reports (L), midterm exam (M), and final exam (F).Results are presented and discussed in the following for two academic years: 2005-06 and 2006-07. One note about the results refers to the student populations in the two years that were quitedifferent in size: 5, respectively 20 students.Table 2 shows the average and median results obtained with each type of assessment, normalizedto a maximum of 100, as well as the total weighted average and median results for eachacademic year. H Q L M F Total (weighted) Avg. 85 81 88 91 80 84 2006 Med. 87 85 92 90 81 86 2006 Avg. 75 69 82 71
developing the Course Syllabus (Form 1). The course syllabus contains thecourse outcomes mapped to the program outcomes. The measure for assessment is the CourseAssessment Form (CAF) (Form 2-a) where the course objectives and outcomes are listed andmapped to the program outcomes, as shown in Figure 3. The form lists three performancemeasures: students (S), Faculty (F), and Quantitative (Q).A) Measuring Course OutcomesThe course outcomes are measured using three indices: Student Assessment, FacultyAssessment, and Quantitative Assessment. Page 13.41.6Student Assessment of the Course:By the end of each semester, students evaluate the course using the
c h n i q u e s i n a
is that many of the 6students began their completion of assignments and preparation for exams well before the duedates. 25 V&M Diagrams Beam Design PS#9 Due / Calculating Q WPR2 20 15 Number of Cadets 10
catastrophic or simply costly due to pump inefficiencies whenoperated outside of its intended operating range. Therefore, undergraduate mechanical engineersshould be well trained in this design or selection process through analytical and experimentalmethods learned in engineering science and experimental course work, respectively.In this light, to gain an understanding of the operation of the centrifugal pump4, first consider theenergy transfer of a pump by applying the steady state form of the energy equation as follows: Ç V2 Ç V2 Q% - W% s ? m% outlet Èh - - gz Ù / m% inlet Èh - - gz Ù (1) É 2 Ú
PreLock D Q Edge Cntl RCV Phase Reg. DCO load Filter ena Err L( ) G Q D Q Figure 12: Discrete time phase-lock loopTheoretical analysis of the phase-lock loop is outside the scope of our first audience presentation.The reader is referred to Appendix-B for a more complete theoretical discussion of the phase-lock loop
., Mudliar, S.N., Reddy, K.M.K. and Chakrabarti, T. 2004. Production of Biodegradable Plastics from Activated Sludge Generated from a Food Processing Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant. Bioresource Technology 95: 327-330.31. Thring, R.W., Vanderlaan, M.N. and Griffin, S.L. 1997. Polyurethanes from Alcell Lignin. Biomass and Bioenergy 13(3) 125-132.32. Wang, Q., P. Geil, and G. Padua. 2004. Role of hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions in structure development of zein films. Journal of Polymers and the Environment 12(3): 197-202.33. Zhang, P. and R. L. Whistler. 2004. Mechanical properties and water vapor permeability of thin film from corn hull arabinoxylan. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 93: 2896-2902.34. Fang, Q. and M. A
program in the School of Engineering for Fall 2004 semester iscollected.After reading in the relevant data, a DEA model is employed to evaluate the relative efficiency ofeach candidate using six performance criteria, viz., the Bachelors of Science (B.S.) GPA (BS GPA),TOEFL and GRE Quantitative (GRE-Q) scores, number of years of work experience, number ofundergraduate semesters till B.S. degree completion, and the number of below-B grades in math-related and technical courses in the B.S. degree transcript.4.1 DEA model for the evaluation processFollowing the retrieval of the complete application materials, related data is entered into theapplications database. The office of admissions then sends each applicant a confirmation e-mail withan assigned
organized tocover the following topics: Series and parallel RLC circuits, frequency response, series andparallel resonance, mutual inductance, ideal transformers, Z, Y, H and T parameters, Fourierseries, Fourier and LaPlace transforms.At their junior year, or after completing both circuits I and II, students can enroll in analogelectronics, EEGR 3113, a three-hour lecture course. The content of the course is organized insix to seven topics that cover the following subjects: 1. Diodes and Rectifiers. 2. Semiconductor Physics. 3. Two-Ports, Load Lines and Biasing. 4. Piecewise-Linear Models. 5. Q-Point Stabilization, Thermal and Environmental Considerations. 6. Emitter Follower, Common Base and Common Emitter, Coupling and