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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Claudia M Fajardo, Western Michigan University; Ghazal Rajabikhorasani, Western Michigan University

three consecutive semesters. Question 1 (Q1): What is yourprimary reason for taking this course? and Question 2 (Q2): Do you perform engine-relatedvehicle maintenance? Response rates were 70%, 82%, and 81% in 2021, 2022, and 2023,respectively. Most of the students (2021: 95%, 2022: 63% and 2023: 69%) responded choosingIC Engines over other elective courses due to interest in the subject, whereas the remainingstudents enrolled mainly based on schedule constraints and the need to satisfy a laboratoryelective. At least half of the students reported having some experience with engine relatedmaintenance (2021: 57%, 2022: 63%, and 2023: 50%), which also means a large portion of thestudents had no practical experience working with internal combustion

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Catherine Molloseau, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

worldwide. To determine if the implementation of these initiatives is having a positiveimpact on engineering students’ performance in a first-year programming course, a correlationalresearch study at a mid-size Michigan public university was completed over a three-semesterperiod beginning in 2022. Students were surveyed regarding their prior experience with computerscience at the beginning of the semester, and student scores on the first laboratory practicum andfinal course grade were recorded. The data demonstrates that nearly sixty percent of students hadno prior experience with computer science and withdrew from the course at nearly double the rateas students with AP experience. For those that did complete the course, a Welch’s t

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Nicole Becklinger, University of Southern Indiana

Tagged Topics

Diversity

course website for students who could not attendclass synchronously and for all students to use as a study aid if they chose. Students whoparticipated in these courses were invited to complete a short survey asking them how frequentlythey utilized in-person, Zoom, and video formats during the semester. Students were then askedto indicate their level of agreement with statements about whether the HyFlex format helpedthem meet course, other academic, health, work, and family responsibilities. Finally, studentswere asked several demographical questions, how many hours they worked per week during thesemester, and whether they had caregiving responsibilities. This update for a work in progresspresents new results from the Fall 2022 through Fall 2023

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Nicholas Brown, Western Michigan University; Johan Fanas Rojas, Western Michigan University; Alyssa K. Moon, Western Michigan University; Ali Alhawiti, Western Michigan University; Pritesh Yashaswi Patil, Western Michigan University; Parth Kadav, Western Michigan University; Kira Hamelink, Western Michigan University; Wendy R. Swalla, Western Michigan University; Zachary D. Asher, Western Michigan University

[Internet]. [cited 2024 Jan 19]. Available from: https://alison.com/7. Welcome to [Internet]. Python.org. [cited 2022 Oct 25]. Available from: https://www.python.org/8. ROS: Home [Internet]. [cited 2023 Nov 10]. Available from: https://www.ros.org/9. Dosovitskiy A, Ros G, Codevilla F, Lopez A, Koltun V. CARLA: An open urban driving simulator [Internet]. arXiv [cs.LG]. 2017 [cited 2021 Mar 9]. Available from: http://proceedings.mlr.press/v78/dosovitskiy17a/dosovitskiy17a.pdf10. Prescinotti Vivan G, Goberville N, Asher Z, Brown N, Rojas J. No cost autonomous vehicle advancements in CARLA through ROS. In: SAE Technical Paper Series [Internet]. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International; 2021. Available

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Prakash NA Ranganathan, University of North Dakota; Jamison Jangula, University of North Dakota; Utku Kose, University of North Dakota; Neena Goveas, University of North Dakota; Shree Ram Abayankar Balaji, University of North Dakota

Tagged Topics

Diversity

and leverage the existingcourses. They are listed under: (1) EE Related Criteria Under the Criteria for AccreditingEngineering Programs, 2022-2023: Program Criteria for Associate Cybersecurity and SimilarlyNamed Programs [Co-Lead Societies: CSAB, and International Council on Systems Engineering(INCOSE)], and (2) CS Related Criteria Under the Criteria for Accrediting ComputingPrograms, 2022-2023: Program Criteria for Associate Cybersecurity and Similarly NamedPrograms (Lead Society: CSAB). Both criteria provide requirements under curriculum design,faculty members, and student outcomes. Details regarding can be reached at [11] and [12].2.1. Specific Course Distinction and Common CoursesBefore discussing what could be the common courses for EE

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Promothes Saha, Purdue University Fort Wayne

&8 Figure 2: Course Assessment Process of CO 1 through 8 Page 4 of 6 Figure 3: Flow Chart of Assessment of Course Outcomes (COs)Instructor Observations on Targeted Assessment (Case Study: CE 100 Intro to Geomatics)Student mastery of course outcomes on horizontal and vertical curves has consistently been achallenge in this course, as evidenced by performance in Fall 2022. Only 55% and 64% of studentsachieved mastery of the horizontal and vertical curves learning outcome (see Table 2) comparingthe target 70%. Note that to achieve a CO, 70% students must get more than 60% grade in thisparticular topic. Recognizing this gap

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Christopher Gioia, Slippery Rock University; Samantha (Sami Bortz

sustainably focused PBL. In this paper, four real-world heat transferprojects will be introduced for their use in sustainability focused PBL implementation.Course DescriptionHeat Transfer with Lab (MECH 340) is a required course in the Mechanical Engineeringprogram at Slippery Rock University, and it was first offered in Spring 2022. It is a typical in-person lecture-based course typically taken in students’ sixth semester, and it requires previousknowledge in thermodynamics and differential equations. A corresponding lab course is requiredto be taken concurrently, where students conduct hands-on experiments with apparatusesdesigned to study specific mechanisms of heat transfer. The course final grade consists of theselaboratory experiments

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Seyed Mohammad Seyed Ardakani, Ohio Northern University; Josh Wiseman, Ohio Northern University

ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Salt Lake City, UT, June 24-27, 2018.[5] M. Sarker, N. Saqib, G. Ricco, M. Hammond, J. Hilt, and J. Emery, “Work in Progress: Hands-on EngineeringMechanics with a Three-Dimensional Laboratory Unit,” 2020 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Virtual,June 21-24, 2020.[6] S. Wodin-Schwartz, K. LeChasseur, and C. A. Keller, “Hands On Learning in a Remote Introduction to StaticsClassroom Environment,” 2021 ASEE Annual Conference, Virtual, July 26-29, 2021.[7] M. Yamin, K. Ebrahimi, and K. Schull, “Multiple Interactive Hands-On Applications in Statics,” 2022 ASEEAnnual Conference, Minneapolis, MN, June 26-29, 2022. Proceedings of the 2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Mary E. Johnson Ph.D., Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Gustavo Adolfo Sanchez, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

began his PhD study in Aviation Technology and Management at Purdue University in 2022, under the supervision of Dr. Mary E Johnson. Gustavo earned an M.S. in Aviation and Aerospace Management from Purdue University and an M.S. in Aeronautical Military Sciences from Colombian Air University. He has experience as a helicopter pilot, safety manager, and undergraduate program director at the Colombian Air Force Academy. His research interests include helicopter operations, advanced air mobility, and aviation safety. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2024 Implementation of a Semester-long, Real-World Problem Project in a Critical Systems Thinking Course

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Morgan Elaine Bartley, West Virginia University; Andrew C. Nix, West Virginia University; Brian D. Woerner, West Virginia University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Laboratory, “About the EcoCAR EV Challenge,” Advanced Vehicle Technology Competitions, 2022. https://avtcseries.org/about-the-ecocar-ev-challenge/[2] Dillon, H., & VanDeGrift, T. (2021, July), Creating an Inclusive Engineering Student Culture Through Diverse Teams: Instructor-led and Student-led Approaches Paper presented at 2021 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Virtual Meeting. https://peer.asee.org/32428[3] Pucha, R., & Dunbar, T., & Yow, R. (2022, August), Role of diverse teams and socio-cultural aspects on students learning in freshman design course Paper presented at 2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Minneapolis, MN. https://peer.asee.org/41820[4] J. Martins, “Write Better

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Matthew R Marsteller, Carnegie Mellon University; Haoyong Lan, Carnegie Mellon University

engineering and industrystandards into the curriculum as defined in the ABET 2022 – 2023 Criteria for AccreditingEngineering Technology Programs. 2 A survey conducted in a mechanical engineeringtechnology design course showed that most undergraduate students had not been introduced totechnical standards. 3 In addition, a recent faculty survey found that most faculty integratedstandards into their course, but only a few of them partnered with the libraries to help themintegrate standards education into their curriculum. 4Academic librarians have been using active learning in library instruction sessions to promotestudent engagement. During the library instruction session, students utilized clickers to activelyengage and respond to in-class information

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Yingxiao Song, Muskingum University

theproject's success.The Incorporation also aligns with and addresses four specific student outcomes as delineated inthe ABET Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs (ABET 2022)[5]. As mapping withthese outcomes, it ensures that students graduating from an ABET-accredited program areequipped with the essential skills and knowledge for a successful engineering career. Therelevant ABET student outcomes addressed through this project include:ABET Student Outcomes #2: an ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions thatmeet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global,cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors.ABET Student Outcomes #4: an ability to recognize ethical and

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Bin Chen, Purdue University Fort Wayne

services or scaffold supportto enhance retention and graduation rates.References: 1. NECS (2022) NCES Education Statistics. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d21/tables/dt21_322.10.asp 2. ASEE (2022) ASEE National Bench Mark Reports. https://ira.asee.org/national-benchmark- reports/workforce2019/ Proceedings of the 2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference Copyright © 2024, American Society for Engineering Education 53. Aulck L, Velagapudi N, Blumenstock J, West J (2017) Predicting Student Dropout in Higher Education. http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.063644. Joppen L (2020) Shortage of Engineers Starting to Impact Industry. https://stainless-steel

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Chan-Jin Chung, Lawrence Technological University; Joshua E Siegel, Michigan State University; Mark Wilson, Michigan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

individuals. We received 38 completeapplications in 2022 and 61 in 2023 through NSF’s Education & Training Application Portal(ETAP). Table 3 shows demographics of year 1 and 2 as reported within NSF’s ETAP system.Candidates were evaluated on a cover letter, résumé, and three letters of support; in the first year,all candidates were interviewed on Zoom by a PI using a common set of objective questions, andrecordings and notes were shared between PIs for joint selection. In Y2, the process addedadditional screening questions; due to a larger number of applicants (a result of a longermarketing timeline and increased recruiting efforts), candidates not meeting requirements werenot given formal interviews. Participant demographics are reported in

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Elin Jensen, Lawrence Technological University

; Wells, Harvey & Kinchin, Ian. (2008). Quantitative and qualitative measures of student learning at University level. Higher Education. 56. 221-239. 10.1007/s10734-007-9099-8.6. Bodnar, Cheryl, and Elise Barrella. (2022). ""Master" Entrepreneurial Mindset Concept Map". Engineering Unleashed. Friday, October 14, 2022. https://engineeringunleashed.com/card/10187. Zhu, Haolin, and Tirupalavanam Ganesh. (2022). "Concept Mapping, a Tool for Assessment of First Year Students' Understanding of the Design Process". Engineering Unleashed. Friday, October 14, 2022. https://engineeringunleashed.com/card/16068. Ertug Evrekli, Didem Inel, Ali Günay Balim. (2010). Development of a scoring system to assess mind maps, Procedia

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Hunter Dawson Yaple, Gannon University; Ramakrishnan Sundaram, Gannon University; Charles julius Maier, Gannon University

: DOI:10.1117/12.201216.[11] T. Batjargal & R. Sundaram, "Tomographic imaging with wireless sensor networks," Proc. SPIE 10752, Applications of Digital Image Processing XLI, 1075202 (17 September 2018); doi: 10.1117/12.2314860.[12] Website: https://cupcarbon.com.[13] Website: https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32[14] R. Sundaram, “Engineering Project Activities Designed to Promote STEM Engagement,” Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE-ISEC conference, Virtual Event, Princeton, NJ, March 2022. doi: 10.1109/ISEC54952.2022.10025178[15] Z. Dickinson et al., “STEM Project Experiences with Wireless Sensor Networks,” Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE-NCS conference, Pittsburgh, PA, March 19, 2022. https://peer.asee.org/39261

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Omar H Albalawi, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center , University of Tabuk; Ali Alhawiti, Western Michigan University

, DigitalTwins. Ali is a faculty member at the civil engineering department, University of Tabuk, Saudi ArabiaReferences[1] O. Albalawi, I. Atawi, A. AlTurki, and K. Alatawi, “Board 104: An Accelerator of Human Innovation Integrating Continuous Improvement and Lean Philosophy into Innovation Program for Undergraduate Students,” in 2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings, Baltimore , Maryland: ASEE Conferences, Jun. 2023, p. 42387. doi: 10.18260/1-2--42387.[2] S. Sagheb, K. Walkup, and R. Smith, “Project-Based Development as a Model for Transdisciplinary Research and Education,” J. Syst. Cybern. Inform., vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 17– 32, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.54808/JSCI.20.05.17.[3] L. Lam et al., “Improving student outcomes

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Omar Ahmed Al-Shebeeb, West Virginia University; Thomas Guy Azinger, West Virginia University

and Fall 2021 semesterswere evaluated by using several analysis techniques, such as Shewhart’s control chart, theDMAIC process, check sheets, scatter diagrams, pareto charts, and fishbone diagrams. Severalquality control tools were used to evaluate the length of time for the in-lab turning process andoverall project completion. Several assignable causes were found and resolved to improve thisproject in the Spring 2022 semester. Then, the project was reevaluated by using quality controltools. Significant improvements were obtained from this evaluation which reduced the time tofinish the turning machining process by 50% and reduced the errors and needed troubleshootingin the process and minimized the scrap material in the process which all led

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Reza Harirforoush, Cleveland State University

semesters: spring 2022, fall 2022, spring 2023, and fall 2023. Proceedings of the 2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference 3 Copyright © 2024, American Society for Engineering Educa;on Figure 1 presents a Chebyshev’s Plantigrade Machine, demonstrating walking motion througha series of rotating linkages. This motion can be motorized, with potential applications in variousfields such as the military, aiding in the transportation of injured soldiers, and exploring areasinaccessible to humans due to hazardous conditions or obstacles. The mechanism convertsrotational motion into translational motion through straight-line approximations. Manufacturingand assembly pose significant challenges

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Joseph Carpenter Sheils, Marshall University; David A Dampier, Marshall University; Haroon Malik, Marshall University

Mining Software Repositories, pages 224–234. IEEE, 2015. [10]. Anton Barua, Stephen W Thomas, and Ahmed E Hassan. What are developers talking about? an analysis of topics and trends in stack overflow. Empirical software engineering, 19:619–654, 2014. [11]. Roman Egger and Joanne Yu. A topic modelling comparison between lda, nmf, top2vec, and bertopic to demystify twitter posts. Frontiers in sociology, 7, 886498, 2022. [12]. Roman Egger and Joanne Yu. Identifying hidden semantic structures in instagram data: a topic modelling comparison. Tourism Review, October 2021. [13]. Roman Egger, Angela Pagiri, Barbara Prodinger, Ruihong Liu, and Fabian Wettinger. Topic Modelling

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Benjamin Lubina, Gannon University; Ramakrishnan Sundaram, Gannon University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1775-1786, 15 Jan.15, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2022.3210686. 3. V., M. P. J., de Souza, B. J. O., Lamenza, T. de S., & Endler, M. (2022, November 19). Practical challenges and pitfalls of bluetooth mesh data collection experiments with ESP-32 microcontrollers. arXiv.org. https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.10696 4. Kindt, P. H., Turetta, C., Demrozi, F., Masrur, A., Pravadelli, G., & Chakraborty, S. (2022, April 6). WiFiEye -- seeing over WIFI made accessible. arXiv.org. https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.01830 5. Hunter, W., Arun, A., & Bharadia, D. (2023a, May 22). Wiros: WIFI Sensing Toolbox for Robotics. arXiv.org. https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13418 6. Z

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Aja Rachel Bettencourt-Mccarthy, University of Cincinnati; Matthew Sleep, University of Cincinnati

’ empatheticthinking [13] and as a result, deepen their understanding [17] and improve the quality of theiroverall designs.Course and Assignment DescriptionThe Civil Engineering capstone course is large-enrollment (70+ students) class scheduled for 3credit hours over one and a half semesters and is required for all Civil Engineeringundergraduates in their final year. When a new instructor took over the course in 2022, it becameapparent that time constraints for both student participants and the faculty instructor preventedthe adoption of in-depth projects with deep client involvement as a core element of the class.Instead, the course instructor would need to think creatively about how to integrate some of the

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Christopher Joseph Gioia; Louis Edward Christensen, The Ohio State University

Study. J. Eng. Educ. 105, 366–395 (2016).4. Krajcik, J. S., Blumenfeld, P. C., Marx, R. W. & Soloway, E. A Collaborative Model for Helping Middle Grade Science Teachers Learn Project-Based Instruction. Elem. Sch. J. 94, 483–497 (1994).5. Saad, A. & Zainudin, S. A review of Project-Based Learning (PBL) and Computational Thinking (CT) in teaching and learning. Learn. Motiv. 78, 101802 (2022).6. Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V. & Wiggins, A. Project-based learning: A review of the literature. Improv. Sch. 19, 267–277 (2016).7. Upadhye, V., Madhe, S. & Joshi, A. Project Based Learning as an Active Learning Strategy in Engineering Education. J. Eng. Educ. Transform. 36, 18–24 (2022).8. Kolodner, J

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Anne M Lucietto, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Diane L Peters P.E., Kettering University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Geosciences 53, 117-127 (2020).12 Casad, B. J. et al. Gender inequality in academia: Problems and solutions for women faculty in STEM. Journal of neuroscience research 99, 13-23 (2021).13 Wilson, D. & VanAntwerp, J. Left out: A review of women’s struggle to develop a sense of belonging in engineering. SAGE Open 11, 21582440211040791 (2021).14 van Engelen, S. N., Henderson, J., Salem, D. & Davies, T. C. The subtle ostracism faced by women in engineering: has anything changed? Global Journal of Engineering Education 24 (2022).15 Williams, J. C., Korn, R. M. & Mihaylo, S. Beyond implicit bias: Litigating race and gender employment discrimination using data from the workplace experiences survey

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Diane L Peters P.E., Kettering University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

case was on programs that addressed preparation for graduate school and the impact ofthose programs on diversity goals as well as academic goals.The publication dates of the papers chosen ranged from 2001 to 2022, with the distribution quitespread out over that time. The papers were published in a variety of venues, including bothconference and journal papers. Many of the conference papers were drawn from the AmericanSociety for Engineering Education (ASEE) conferences. While some of the papers described asingle program, there were also some that synthesized information about multiple bridgeprograms, either because of their similarity, as in [7] or because they yielded a broader picture ofthe impact of such programs, as in [8]. The literature

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Bilquis Ferdousi, Eastern Michigan University

the effectiveness of active learning approaches. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14, 5, pp. 1223- 1232. ISSN: 1798-4769. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1405.10 © 2023 Academy Publication 7. Guo, Y. W. & Yan, Z. (2019). Formative and summative assessment in Hong Kong primary schools: students’ attitudes matter, Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 26(6), 675-699, DOI: 10.1080/0969594X.2019.1571993 8. Ismail, M. S., Rahul, R. D., Patra, I. & Rezvani, E. (2022). Formative vs. summative assessment: Impacts on academic motivation, attitude toward learning, test anxiety, and self‑regulation skill. Language Testing in Asia, 12(40). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40468

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Dax Amburgy, Ohio Northern University College of Engineering; John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

received the First-Year Programs Division’s Distinguished Service Award in 2019 and the 2022 Computers in Education Division Service Award. Estell currently serves as an ABET Commissioner and as a subcommittee chair on ABET’s Accreditation Council Training Committee. He was previously a Member-At-Large on the Computing Accreditation Commission Executive Committee and a Program Evaluator for both computer engineering and computer science. Estell is well-known for his significant contributions on streamlining student outcomes assess- ment processes and has been an invited presenter at the ABET Symposium on multiple occasions. He was named an ABET Fellow in 2021. Estell is also a founding member and current Vice President

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Mohammed Ferdjallah, Marshall University; Asad Salem, Marshall University

speed and direction are selected to determine the settlinglocation of the coal fly ash particle. We assumed that wind speed and wind direction as two randomprocesses that are mutually exclusive41. The variations of wind speed in West Virginia can bemodeled by two Weibull distributions42. The first Weibull distribution has an average wind speedof 6.5 m/s during the winter months (October to March), and the second Weibull distribution hasan average wind speed of 4.5m/s during the summer months (April to September). These areaverage wind speeds adopted from weather data collected in 2022 in central West Virginia43. A shape factor of 2.2 is assumed for both distributions44.Wind direction in West Virginica can modeled by two Gaussian distributions

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Claudio Freitas, Purdue University Fort Wayne

Tagged Topics

Diversity

. A. McCarthy, “The pedagogical power of storytelling.,” Scholarsh. Teach. Learn. Psychol., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 247–253, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.1037/stl0000152.[7] T. T. P. Nguyen and L. G. Phillips, “How storytelling can work as a pedagogy to facilitate children’s English as a foreign language learning,” Lang. Teach. Res., p. 136216882211354, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1177/13621688221135481.Proceedings of the 2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference Copyright © 2024, American Society for 12Engineering Education[8] A. Godwin and A. Kirn, “Identity‐motivation: Connections between first‐year students’ engineering role identities and future‐time perspectives,” J. Eng. Educ., vol. 109, no. 3, pp. 362–383, Jul. 2020, doi

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2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Craig J. Gunn, Michigan State University

further discussions that will focus on how bettercommon-sense conversations can benefit the world around them.References1. Brainy Quotes (2021) https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/ thomas_a_edison_1490422. Wikipedia (2024) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_sense3. Webster Dictionary [2024] https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ common%20sense4. Encyclopedia Britannica [2021] https://www.britannica.com/topic/new-realism-philosophy 45. Abbate, Bill (2022) Common Sense is Not That Common,https://medium.com/illumination/what-do-you-make-of-common-sense-3f65ff6d84d1BibliographyGilovich, T. (1991). How we know what isn’t so: The fallibility of